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3. PerBrain: a multimodal approach to personalized tracking of evolving state-of-consciousness in brain-injured patients: protocol of an international, multicentric, observational study

Author

Willacker, L., Raiser, T. M., Bassi, M., Bender, A., Comanducci, A., Rosanova, M., Sobel, N., Arzi, A., Belloli, L., Casarotto, S., Colombo, M., Derchi, C. C., Fló Rama, E., Grill, E., Hohl, M., Kuehlmeyer, K., Manasova, D., Rosenfelder, M. J., Valota, C., and Sitt, J. D.

Published
2022
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6. Research considerations for prospective studies of patients with coma and disorders of consciousness

Author

Tinti, L, Lawson, T, Molteni, E, Kondziella, D, Rass, V, Sharshar, T, Bodien, Y, Giacino, J, Mayer, S, Amiri, M, Muehlschlegel, S, Venkatasubba Rao, C, Vespa, P, Menon, D, Citerio, G, Helbok, R, Mcnett, M, Agarwal, S, Aiyagari, V, Akbari, Y, Albertson, A, Alexander, S, Alexandrov, A, Alkhachroum, A, Al-Mufti, F, Appavu, B, Gebrewold, M, Ayounb, M, Badenes, R, Bader, M, Badjiata, N, Balu, R, Barlow, B, Barra, M, Beekman, R, Beghi, E, Beqiri, E, Berlin, T, Bilotta, F, Bleck, T, Boerwinkle, V, Boly, M, Bonnel, A, Brazzi, L, Brown, E, Bulic, S, Caceres, E, Caceres, A, Cafiero, T, Carroll, E, Cediel, E, Chou, S, Claassen, J, Condie, C, Conti, A, Cosmas, K, Costa, P, Creutzfeldt, C, Dangayach, N, Dauri, M, Debicki, D, Degeorgia, M, Der-Nigoghossian, C, Desai, M, Dhar, R, Diringer, M, Durr, E, Edlow, B, Ercole, A, Estraneo, A, Falcone, G, Farrokh, S, Ferguson, A, Fernandez-Espejo, D, Fink, E, Fins, J, Foreman, B, Franchi, F, Frontera, J, Ganesan, R, Gaspard, N, Ghavam, A, Gibbons, C, Gilmore, E, Glustein, C, Gosseries, O, Green, T, Greer, D, Guanci, M, Gupta, D, Hahn, C, Hakimi, R, Hammond, F, Hanley, D, Hartings, J, Hassan, A, Hemphill, C, Da Cunha, A, Hinson, H, Hirsch, K, Hocker, S, Hu, P, Hu, X, Human, T, Hwang, D, Illes, J, Jaffa, M, James, M, Janas, A, Johnson, S, Jones, M, Jox, R, Kalanuria, A, Keller, E, Kennedy, L, Kennelly, M, Keogh, M, Kim, J, Kim, K, Kirsch, H, Kirschen, M, Ko, N, Kreitzer, N, Kromm, J, Kumar, A, Kurtz, P, Laureys, S, Lejeune, N, Lewis, A, Liang, J, Ling, G, Livesay, S, Luppi, A, Macdonald, J, Maddux, C, Mahanes, D, Mainali, S, Maldonado, N, Ribeiro, R, Mascia, L, Massimini, M, Mathur, R, Mccredie, V, Mejia-Mantilla, J, Mendoza, M, Meyfroidt, G, Mijangos, J, Moberg, D, Moheet, A, Montalenti, E, Monti, M, Morrison, C, Munar, M, Murtaugh, B, Naccache, L, Nagayama, M, Nairon, E, Nakagawa, T, Naldi, A, Narenthiran, G, Natarajan, G, Nemetsky, E, Newcombe, V, Nielsen, N, Niznick, N, Noronha-Falcão, F, Nyquist, P, Olson, D, Othman, M, Owen, A, Padayachy, L, Pajoumand, M, Park, S, Pergakis, M, Perry, H, Polizzotto, L, Pouratian, N, Spivack, M, Prisco, L, Provencio, J, Puglises, F, Puybasset, L, Rao, C, Rasmussen, L, Rasulo, F, Ray, B, Ricci, Z, Richardson, R, Shinotsuka, C, Robba, C, Robertson, C, Rohaut, B, Rolston, J, Romagnoli, S, Rosanova, M, Rosenthal, E, Rowe, S, Rubin, M, Russell, M, Silva, G, Sanz, L, Sarasso, S, Sarwal, A, Schiff, N, Schnakers, C, Seder, D, Shah, V, Shapiro-Rosenbaubm, A, Shapshak, A, Sharma, K, Shutter, L, Sitt, J, Slomine, B, Smetana, K, Smielewski, P, Smith, W, Stamatakis, E, Steinberg, A, Stevens, R, Suarez, J, Sung, G, Sussman, B, Taran, S, Mazzeo, A, Thibaut, A, Thompson, D, Threlkeld, Z, Toker, D, Torbey, M, Tosto, J, Trevick, S, Tsaousi, G, Turgeon, A, Udy, A, Varelas, P, Videtta, W, Voss, H, Vox, F, Wagner, A, Wahlster, S, Wainwright, M, Whyte, J, Witherspoon, B, Yakhkind, A, Yeager, S, Young, M, Zafar, S, Zafonte, R, Zahuranec, D, Zammit, C, Zhang, B, Ziai, W, Zimmerman, L, Zink, E, Tinti, Lorenzo, Lawson, Thomas, Molteni, Erika, Kondziella, Daniel, Rass, Verena, Sharshar, Tarek, Bodien, Yelena G, Giacino, Joseph T, Mayer, Stephan A, Amiri, Moshgan, Muehlschlegel, Susanne, Venkatasubba Rao, Chethan P, Vespa, Paul M, Menon, David K, Citerio, Giuseppe, Helbok, Raimund, McNett, Molly, Agarwal, Sachin, Aiyagari, Venkatesh, Akbari, Yama, Albertson, Asher, Alexander, Sheila, Alexandrov, Anne, Alkhachroum, Ayham, Al-Mufti, Fawaz, Amiri, Moshagan, Appavu, Brian, Gebrewold, Meron Awraris, Ayounb, Marc, Badenes, Rafael, Bader, Mary Kay, Badjiata, Neeraj, Balu, Ram, Barlow, Brooke, Barra, Megan, Beekman, Rachel, Beghi, Ettore, Beqiri, Erta, Berlin, Tracey, Bilotta, Federico, Bleck, Thomas, Bodien, Yelena, Boerwinkle, Varina, Boly, Melanie, Bonnel, Alexandra, Brazzi, Luca, Brown, Emery, Bulic, Sebina, Caceres, Eder, Caceres, Adrian, Cafiero, Tullio, Carroll, Elizabeth, Cediel, Emilio G, Chou, Sherry, Claassen, Jan, Condie, Chad, Conti, Alfredo, Cosmas, Katie, Costa, Paolo, Creutzfeldt, Claire, Dangayach, Neha, Dauri, Mario, Debicki, Derek, DeGeorgia, Michael, Der-Nigoghossian, Caroline, Desai, Masoom, Dhar, Rajat, Diringer, Michael, Durr, Emily, Edlow, Brian, Ercole, Ari, Estraneo, Anna, Falcone, Guido, Farrokh, Salia, Ferguson, Adam, Fernandez-Espejo, Davinia, Fink, Ericka, Fins, Joseph, Foreman, Brandon, Franchi, Federico, Frontera, Jennifer, Ganesan, Rishi, Gaspard, Nicolas, Ghavam, Ahmeneh, Giacino, Joseph, Gibbons, Christie, Gilmore, Emily, Glustein, Chavie, Gosseries, Olivia, Green, Theresa, Greer, David, Guanci, Mary, Gupta, Deepak, Hahn, Cecil, Hakimi, Ryan, Hammond, Flora, Hanley, Daniel F, Hartings, Jed, Hassan, Ahmed, Hemphill, Claude, Da Cunha, Arthur Henrique Galvão Bruno, Hinson, Holly, Hirsch, Karen, Hocker, Sarah, Hu, Peter, Hu, Xiao, Human, Theresa, Hwang, David, Illes, Judy, Jaffa, Matthew, James, Michael L, Janas, Anna, Johnson, Susan, Jones, Morgan, Jox, Ralf J, Kalanuria, Atul, Keller, Emanuela, Kennedy, Lori, Kennelly, Megan, Keogh, Maggie, Kim, Jenn, Kim, Keri, Kirsch, Hannah, Kirschen, Matthew, Ko, Nerissa, Kreitzer, Natalie, Kromm, Julie, Kumar, Abhay, Kurtz, Pedro, Laureys, Steven, Lejeune, Nicolas, Lewis, Ariane, Liang, John, Ling, Geoffrey, Livesay, Sarah, Luppi, Andrea, MacDonald, Jennifer, Maddux, Craig, Mahanes, Dea, Mainali, Shraddha, Maldonado, Nelson, Ribeiro, Rennan Martins, Mascia, Luciana, Massimini, Marcello, Mathur, Rohan, Mayer, Stephan, McCredie, Victoria, Mejia-Mantilla, Jorge, Mendoza, Michael, Menon, David, Meyfroidt, Geert, Mijangos, Julio, Moberg, Dick, Moheet, Asma, Montalenti, Elisa, Monti, Martin, Morrison, Chris, Munar, Marina, Murtaugh, Brooke, Naccache, Lionel, Nagayama, Masao, Nairon, Emerson, Nakagawa, Thomas, Naldi, Andrea, Narenthiran, Ganesalingam, Natarajan, Girija, Nemetsky, Esther, Newcombe, Virginia, Nielsen, Niklas, Niznick, Naomi, Noronha-Falcão, Filipa, Nyquist, Paul, Olson, DaiWai, Othman, Marwan, Owen, Adrian, Padayachy, Llewellyn, Pajoumand, Mehrnaz, Park, Soojin, Pergakis, Melissa, Perry, Heidi, Polizzotto, Len, Pouratian, Nader, Spivack, Marilyn Price, Prisco, Lara, Provencio, Javier, Puglises, Francesco, Puybasset, Louis, Rao, Chethan, Rasmussen, Lindsay, Rasulo, Frank, Ray, Bappaditya, Ricci, Zaccaria, Richardson, Risa, Shinotsuka, Cassia Righy, Robba, Chiara, Robertson, Courtney, Rohaut, Benjamin, Rolston, John, Romagnoli, Stefano, Rosanova, Mario, Rosenthal, Eric, Rowe, Shaun, Rubin, Michael, Russell, Mary Beth, Silva, Gisele Sampaio, Sanz, Leandro, Sarasso, Simone, Sarwal, Aarti, Schiff, Nicolas, Schnakers, Caroline, Seder, David, Shah, Vishank Arun, Shapiro-Rosenbaubm, Amy, Shapshak, Angela, Sharma, Kartavya, Sharma, Kumar Ajay, Shutter, Lori, Sitt, Jacobo, Slomine, Beth, Smetana, Keaton, Smielewski, Peter, Smith, Wade, Stamatakis, Emmanuel, Steinberg, Alexis, Stevens, Robert, Suarez, Jose, Sung, Gene, Sussman, Bethany, Taran, Shaurya, Mazzeo, Anna Teresa, Thibaut, Aurore, Thompson, David, Threlkeld, Zachary, Toker, Daniel, Torbey, Michel, Tosto, Jenna, Trevick, Stephen, Tsaousi, Georgia, Turgeon, Alexis, Udy, Andrew, Varelas, Panos, Vespa, Paul, Videtta, Walter, Voss, Henning, Vox, Ford, Wagner, Amy, Wahlster, Sarah, Wainwright, Mark, Whyte, John, Witherspoon, Briana, Yakhkind, Aleksandra (Sasha), Yeager, Susan, Young, Michael, Zafar, Sahar, Zafonte, Ross, Zahuranec, Darin, Zammit, Chris, Zhang, Bei, Ziai, Wendy, Zimmerman, Lara, Zink, Elizabeth, Tinti, L, Lawson, T, Molteni, E, Kondziella, D, Rass, V, Sharshar, T, Bodien, Y, Giacino, J, Mayer, S, Amiri, M, Muehlschlegel, S, Venkatasubba Rao, C, Vespa, P, Menon, D, Citerio, G, Helbok, R, Mcnett, M, Agarwal, S, Aiyagari, V, Akbari, Y, Albertson, A, Alexander, S, Alexandrov, A, Alkhachroum, A, Al-Mufti, F, Appavu, B, Gebrewold, M, Ayounb, M, Badenes, R, Bader, M, Badjiata, N, Balu, R, Barlow, B, Barra, M, Beekman, R, Beghi, E, Beqiri, E, Berlin, T, Bilotta, F, Bleck, T, Boerwinkle, V, Boly, M, Bonnel, A, Brazzi, L, Brown, E, Bulic, S, Caceres, E, Caceres, A, Cafiero, T, Carroll, E, Cediel, E, Chou, S, Claassen, J, Condie, C, Conti, A, Cosmas, K, Costa, P, Creutzfeldt, C, Dangayach, N, Dauri, M, Debicki, D, Degeorgia, M, Der-Nigoghossian, C, Desai, M, Dhar, R, Diringer, M, Durr, E, Edlow, B, Ercole, A, Estraneo, A, Falcone, G, Farrokh, S, Ferguson, A, Fernandez-Espejo, D, Fink, E, Fins, J, Foreman, B, Franchi, F, Frontera, J, Ganesan, R, Gaspard, N, Ghavam, A, Gibbons, C, Gilmore, E, Glustein, C, Gosseries, O, Green, T, Greer, D, Guanci, M, Gupta, D, Hahn, C, Hakimi, R, Hammond, F, Hanley, D, Hartings, J, Hassan, A, Hemphill, C, Da Cunha, A, Hinson, H, Hirsch, K, Hocker, S, Hu, P, Hu, X, Human, T, Hwang, D, Illes, J, Jaffa, M, James, M, Janas, A, Johnson, S, Jones, M, Jox, R, Kalanuria, A, Keller, E, Kennedy, L, Kennelly, M, Keogh, M, Kim, J, Kim, K, Kirsch, H, Kirschen, M, Ko, N, Kreitzer, N, Kromm, J, Kumar, A, Kurtz, P, Laureys, S, Lejeune, N, Lewis, A, Liang, J, Ling, G, Livesay, S, Luppi, A, Macdonald, J, Maddux, C, Mahanes, D, Mainali, S, Maldonado, N, Ribeiro, R, Mascia, L, Massimini, M, Mathur, R, Mccredie, V, Mejia-Mantilla, J, Mendoza, M, Meyfroidt, G, Mijangos, J, Moberg, D, Moheet, A, Montalenti, E, Monti, M, Morrison, C, Munar, M, Murtaugh, B, Naccache, L, Nagayama, M, Nairon, E, Nakagawa, T, Naldi, A, Narenthiran, G, Natarajan, G, Nemetsky, E, Newcombe, V, Nielsen, N, Niznick, N, Noronha-Falcão, F, Nyquist, P, Olson, D, Othman, M, Owen, A, Padayachy, L, Pajoumand, M, Park, S, Pergakis, M, Perry, H, Polizzotto, L, Pouratian, N, Spivack, M, Prisco, L, Provencio, J, Puglises, F, Puybasset, L, Rao, C, Rasmussen, L, Rasulo, F, Ray, B, Ricci, Z, Richardson, R, Shinotsuka, C, Robba, C, Robertson, C, Rohaut, B, Rolston, J, Romagnoli, S, Rosanova, M, Rosenthal, E, Rowe, S, Rubin, M, Russell, M, Silva, G, Sanz, L, Sarasso, S, Sarwal, A, Schiff, N, Schnakers, C, Seder, D, Shah, V, Shapiro-Rosenbaubm, A, Shapshak, A, Sharma, K, Shutter, L, Sitt, J, Slomine, B, Smetana, K, Smielewski, P, Smith, W, Stamatakis, E, Steinberg, A, Stevens, R, Suarez, J, Sung, G, Sussman, B, Taran, S, Mazzeo, A, Thibaut, A, Thompson, D, Threlkeld, Z, Toker, D, Torbey, M, Tosto, J, Trevick, S, Tsaousi, G, Turgeon, A, Udy, A, Varelas, P, Videtta, W, Voss, H, Vox, F, Wagner, A, Wahlster, S, Wainwright, M, Whyte, J, Witherspoon, B, Yakhkind, A, Yeager, S, Young, M, Zafar, S, Zafonte, R, Zahuranec, D, Zammit, C, Zhang, B, Ziai, W, Zimmerman, L, Zink, E, Tinti, Lorenzo, Lawson, Thomas, Molteni, Erika, Kondziella, Daniel, Rass, Verena, Sharshar, Tarek, Bodien, Yelena G, Giacino, Joseph T, Mayer, Stephan A, Amiri, Moshgan, Muehlschlegel, Susanne, Venkatasubba Rao, Chethan P, Vespa, Paul M, Menon, David K, Citerio, Giuseppe, Helbok, Raimund, McNett, Molly, Agarwal, Sachin, Aiyagari, Venkatesh, Akbari, Yama, Albertson, Asher, Alexander, Sheila, Alexandrov, Anne, Alkhachroum, Ayham, Al-Mufti, Fawaz, Amiri, Moshagan, Appavu, Brian, Gebrewold, Meron Awraris, Ayounb, Marc, Badenes, Rafael, Bader, Mary Kay, Badjiata, Neeraj, Balu, Ram, Barlow, Brooke, Barra, Megan, Beekman, Rachel, Beghi, Ettore, Beqiri, Erta, Berlin, Tracey, Bilotta, Federico, Bleck, Thomas, Bodien, Yelena, Boerwinkle, Varina, Boly, Melanie, Bonnel, Alexandra, Brazzi, Luca, Brown, Emery, Bulic, Sebina, Caceres, Eder, Caceres, Adrian, Cafiero, Tullio, Carroll, Elizabeth, Cediel, Emilio G, Chou, Sherry, Claassen, Jan, Condie, Chad, Conti, Alfredo, Cosmas, Katie, Costa, Paolo, Creutzfeldt, Claire, Dangayach, Neha, Dauri, Mario, Debicki, Derek, DeGeorgia, Michael, Der-Nigoghossian, Caroline, Desai, Masoom, Dhar, Rajat, Diringer, Michael, Durr, Emily, Edlow, Brian, Ercole, Ari, Estraneo, Anna, Falcone, Guido, Farrokh, Salia, Ferguson, Adam, Fernandez-Espejo, Davinia, Fink, Ericka, Fins, Joseph, Foreman, Brandon, Franchi, Federico, Frontera, Jennifer, Ganesan, Rishi, Gaspard, Nicolas, Ghavam, Ahmeneh, Giacino, Joseph, Gibbons, Christie, Gilmore, Emily, Glustein, Chavie, Gosseries, Olivia, Green, Theresa, Greer, David, Guanci, Mary, Gupta, Deepak, Hahn, Cecil, Hakimi, Ryan, Hammond, Flora, Hanley, Daniel F, Hartings, Jed, Hassan, Ahmed, Hemphill, Claude, Da Cunha, Arthur Henrique Galvão Bruno, Hinson, Holly, Hirsch, Karen, Hocker, Sarah, Hu, Peter, Hu, Xiao, Human, Theresa, Hwang, David, Illes, Judy, Jaffa, Matthew, James, Michael L, Janas, Anna, Johnson, Susan, Jones, Morgan, Jox, Ralf J, Kalanuria, Atul, Keller, Emanuela, Kennedy, Lori, Kennelly, Megan, Keogh, Maggie, Kim, Jenn, Kim, Keri, Kirsch, Hannah, Kirschen, Matthew, Ko, Nerissa, Kreitzer, Natalie, Kromm, Julie, Kumar, Abhay, Kurtz, Pedro, Laureys, Steven, Lejeune, Nicolas, Lewis, Ariane, Liang, John, Ling, Geoffrey, Livesay, Sarah, Luppi, Andrea, MacDonald, Jennifer, Maddux, Craig, Mahanes, Dea, Mainali, Shraddha, Maldonado, Nelson, Ribeiro, Rennan Martins, Mascia, Luciana, Massimini, Marcello, Mathur, Rohan, Mayer, Stephan, McCredie, Victoria, Mejia-Mantilla, Jorge, Mendoza, Michael, Menon, David, Meyfroidt, Geert, Mijangos, Julio, Moberg, Dick, Moheet, Asma, Montalenti, Elisa, Monti, Martin, Morrison, Chris, Munar, Marina, Murtaugh, Brooke, Naccache, Lionel, Nagayama, Masao, Nairon, Emerson, Nakagawa, Thomas, Naldi, Andrea, Narenthiran, Ganesalingam, Natarajan, Girija, Nemetsky, Esther, Newcombe, Virginia, Nielsen, Niklas, Niznick, Naomi, Noronha-Falcão, Filipa, Nyquist, Paul, Olson, DaiWai, Othman, Marwan, Owen, Adrian, Padayachy, Llewellyn, Pajoumand, Mehrnaz, Park, Soojin, Pergakis, Melissa, Perry, Heidi, Polizzotto, Len, Pouratian, Nader, Spivack, Marilyn Price, Prisco, Lara, Provencio, Javier, Puglises, Francesco, Puybasset, Louis, Rao, Chethan, Rasmussen, Lindsay, Rasulo, Frank, Ray, Bappaditya, Ricci, Zaccaria, Richardson, Risa, Shinotsuka, Cassia Righy, Robba, Chiara, Robertson, Courtney, Rohaut, Benjamin, Rolston, John, Romagnoli, Stefano, Rosanova, Mario, Rosenthal, Eric, Rowe, Shaun, Rubin, Michael, Russell, Mary Beth, Silva, Gisele Sampaio, Sanz, Leandro, Sarasso, Simone, Sarwal, Aarti, Schiff, Nicolas, Schnakers, Caroline, Seder, David, Shah, Vishank Arun, Shapiro-Rosenbaubm, Amy, Shapshak, Angela, Sharma, Kartavya, Sharma, Kumar Ajay, Shutter, Lori, Sitt, Jacobo, Slomine, Beth, Smetana, Keaton, Smielewski, Peter, Smith, Wade, Stamatakis, Emmanuel, Steinberg, Alexis, Stevens, Robert, Suarez, Jose, Sung, Gene, Sussman, Bethany, Taran, Shaurya, Mazzeo, Anna Teresa, Thibaut, Aurore, Thompson, David, Threlkeld, Zachary, Toker, Daniel, Torbey, Michel, Tosto, Jenna, Trevick, Stephen, Tsaousi, Georgia, Turgeon, Alexis, Udy, Andrew, Varelas, Panos, Vespa, Paul, Videtta, Walter, Voss, Henning, Vox, Ford, Wagner, Amy, Wahlster, Sarah, Wainwright, Mark, Whyte, John, Witherspoon, Briana, Yakhkind, Aleksandra (Sasha), Yeager, Susan, Young, Michael, Zafar, Sahar, Zafonte, Ross, Zahuranec, Darin, Zammit, Chris, Zhang, Bei, Ziai, Wendy, Zimmerman, Lara, and Zink, Elizabeth

Abstract

Disorders of consciousness are neurological conditions characterized by impaired arousal and awareness of self and environment. Behavioural responses are absent or are present but fluctuate. Disorders of consciousness are commonly encountered as a consequence of both acute and chronic brain injuries, yet reliable epidemiological estimates would require inclusive, operational definitions of the concept, as well as wider knowledge dissemination among involved professionals. Whereas several manifestations have been described, including coma, vegetative state/unresponsive wakefulness syndrome and minimally conscious state, a comprehensive neurobiological definition for disorders of consciousness is still lacking. The scientific literature is primarily observational, and studies-specific aetiologies lead to disorders of consciousness. Despite advances in these disease-related forms, there remains uncertainty about whether disorders of consciousness are a disease-agnostic unitary entity with a common mechanism, prognosis or treatment response paradigm. Our knowledge of disorders of consciousness has also been hampered by heterogeneity of study designs, variables, and outcomes, leading to results that are not comparable for evidence synthesis. The different backgrounds of professionals caring for patients with disorders of consciousness and the different goals at different stages of care could partly explain this variability. The Prospective Studies working group of the Neurocritical Care Society Curing Coma Campaign was established to create a platform for observational studies and future clinical trials on disorders of consciousness and coma across the continuum of care. In this narrative review, the author panel presents limitations of prior observational clinical research and outlines practical considerations for future investigations. A narrative review format was selected to ensure that the full breadth of study design considerations could be addressed and to facilit

Published
2024

8. Common Data Elements for Disorders of Consciousness: Recommendations from the Working Group on Hospital Course, Confounders, and Medications

Author

Barra, M, Zink, E, Bleck, T, Caceres, E, Farrokh, S, Foreman, B, Cediel, E, Hemphill, J, Nagayama, M, Olson, D, Suarez, J, Aiyagari, V, Akbari, Y, Al-Mufti, F, Alexander, S, Alexandrov, A, Alkhachroum, A, Amiri, M, Appavu, B, Gebre, M, Bader, M, Badjiata, N, Balu, R, Beekman, R, Beghi, E, Bell, K, Beqiri, E, Berlin, T, Bodien, Y, Boerwinkle, V, Boly, M, Bonnel, A, Brown, E, Carroll, E, Chou, S, Citerio, G, Classen, J, Condie, C, Cosmas, K, Creutzfeldt, C, Dangayach, N, Degeorgia, M, Der-Nigoghoss, C, Desai, M, Diringer, M, Dullaway, J, Edlow, B, Ercole, A, Estraneo, A, Falcone, G, Padayachy, L, Park, S, Pergakis, M, Polizzotto, L, Pouratian, N, Spivack, M, Prisco, L, Provencio, J, Puybasset, L, Rasmussen, L, Rass, V, Richardson, R, Shinots, C, Robba, C, Robertson, C, Rohaut, B, Rolston, J, Rosanova, M, Rosenthal, E, Russell, M, Silva, G, Sanz, L, Sarasso, S, Sarwal, A, Schiff, N, Schnakers, C, Seder, D, Shah, V, Shapiro-Rosen, A, Shapshak, A, Sharma, K, Sharshar, T, Shutter, L, Sitt, J, Slomine, B, Smielewski, P, Smith, W, Stamatakis, E, Steinberg, A, Ferioli, S, Fernandez-Esp, D, Fink, E, Fins, J, Frontera, J, Ganesan, R, Ghavam, A, Giacino, J, Gibbons, C, Gilmore, E, Gosseries, O, Green, T, Greer, D, Guanci, M, Hahn, C, Hakimi, R, Hanley, D, Hartings, J, Hassan, A, Hinson, H, Hirsch, K, Hocker, S, Hu, P, Hu, X, Human, T, Hwang, D, Illes, J, Jaffa, M, James, M, Janas, A, Jones, M, Keller, E, Keogh, M, Kim, J, Kim, K, Kirsch, H, Kirschen, M, Ko, N, Kondziella, D, Kreitzer, N, Stevens, R, Sussman, B, Taran, S, Thibaut, A, Threlkeld, Z, Tinti, L, Toker, D, Torbey, M, Trevick, S, Turgeon, A, Udy, A, Varelas, P, Venkatasubba, C, Vespa, P, Videtta, W, Voss, H, Vox, F, Wagner, A, Wainwright, M, Whyte, J, Witherspoon, B, Yakhind, A, Zafonte, R, Zahuranec, D, Zammit, C, Zhang, B, Ziai, W, Zimmerman, L, Kromm, J, Kumar, A, Kurtz, P, Laureys, S, Lawson, T, Lejeune, N, Lewis, A, Liang, J, Ling, G, Livesay, S, Luppi, A, Madden, L, Maddux, C, Mahanes, D, Mainali, S, Maldonado, N, Ribeiro, R, Massimini, M, Mayer, S, Mccredie, V, Mcnett, M, Mejia-Mantill, J, Menon, D, Meyfroidt, G, Mijangos, J, Moberg, D, Moheet, A, Molteni, E, Monti, M, Morrison, C, Muehlschlegel, S, Murtaugh, B, Naccache, L, Nairon, E, Natarajan, G, Newcombe, V, Nielsen, N, Noronha-Falc‹, F, Nyquist, P, Othman, M, Owen, A, Barra M. E., Zink E. K., Bleck T. P., Caceres E., Farrokh S., Foreman B., Cediel E. G., Hemphill J. C., Nagayama M., Olson D. W. M., Suarez J. I., Aiyagari V., Akbari Y., Al-Mufti F., Alexander S., Alexandrov A., Alkhachroum A., Amiri M., Appavu B., Gebre M. A., Bader M. K., Badjiata N., Balu R., Beekman R., Beghi E., Bell K., Beqiri E., Berlin T., Bodien Y., Boerwinkle V., Boly M., Bonnel A., Brown E., Carroll E., Chou S., Citerio G., Classen J., Condie C., Cosmas K., Creutzfeldt C., Dangayach N., DeGeorgia M., Der-Nigoghoss C., Desai M., Diringer M., Dullaway J., Edlow B., Ercole A., Estraneo A., Falcone G., Padayachy L., Park S., Pergakis M., Polizzotto L., Pouratian N., Spivack M. P., Prisco L., Provencio J., Puybasset L., Rasmussen L., Rass V., Richardson R., Shinots C. R., Robba C., Robertson C., Rohaut B., Rolston J., Rosanova M., Rosenthal E., Russell M. B., Silva G. S., Sanz L., Sarasso S., Sarwal A., Schiff N., Schnakers C., Seder D., Shah V. A., Shapiro-Rosen A., Shapshak A., Sharma K., Sharshar T., Shutter L., Sitt J., Slomine B., Smielewski P., Smith W., Stamatakis E., Steinberg A., Ferioli S., Fernandez-Esp D., Fink E., Fins J., Frontera J., Ganesan R., Ghavam A., Giacino J., Gibbons C., Gilmore E., Gosseries O., Green T., Greer D., Guanci M., Hahn C., Hakimi R., Hanley D. F., Hartings J., Hassan A., Hinson H., Hirsch K., Hocker S., Hu P., Hu X., Human T., Hwang D., Illes J., Jaffa M., James M. L., Janas A., Jones M., Keller E., Keogh M., Kim J., Kim K., Kirsch H., Kirschen M., Ko N., Kondziella D., Kreitzer N., Stevens R., Sussman B., Taran S., Thibaut A., Threlkeld Z., Tinti L., Toker D., Torbey M., Trevick S., Turgeon A., Udy A., Varelas P., Venkatasubba C., Vespa P., Videtta W., Voss H., Vox F., Wagner A., Wainwright M., Whyte J., Witherspoon B., Yakhind A., Zafonte R., Zahuranec D., Zammit C., Zhang B., Ziai W., Zimmerman L., Kromm J., Kumar A., Kurtz P., Laureys S., Lawson T., Lejeune N., Lewis A., Liang J., Ling G., Livesay S., Luppi A., Madden L., Maddux C., Mahanes D., Mainali S., Maldonado N., Ribeiro R. M., Massimini M., Mayer S., McCredie V., McNett M., Mejia-Mantill J., Menon D., Meyfroidt G., Mijangos J., Moberg D., Moheet A., Molteni E., Monti M., Morrison C., Muehlschlegel S., Murtaugh B., Naccache L., Nairon E., Natarajan G., Newcombe V., Nielsen N., Noronha-Falc‹ F., Nyquist P., Othman M., Owen A., Barra, M, Zink, E, Bleck, T, Caceres, E, Farrokh, S, Foreman, B, Cediel, E, Hemphill, J, Nagayama, M, Olson, D, Suarez, J, Aiyagari, V, Akbari, Y, Al-Mufti, F, Alexander, S, Alexandrov, A, Alkhachroum, A, Amiri, M, Appavu, B, Gebre, M, Bader, M, Badjiata, N, Balu, R, Beekman, R, Beghi, E, Bell, K, Beqiri, E, Berlin, T, Bodien, Y, Boerwinkle, V, Boly, M, Bonnel, A, Brown, E, Carroll, E, Chou, S, Citerio, G, Classen, J, Condie, C, Cosmas, K, Creutzfeldt, C, Dangayach, N, Degeorgia, M, Der-Nigoghoss, C, Desai, M, Diringer, M, Dullaway, J, Edlow, B, Ercole, A, Estraneo, A, Falcone, G, Padayachy, L, Park, S, Pergakis, M, Polizzotto, L, Pouratian, N, Spivack, M, Prisco, L, Provencio, J, Puybasset, L, Rasmussen, L, Rass, V, Richardson, R, Shinots, C, Robba, C, Robertson, C, Rohaut, B, Rolston, J, Rosanova, M, Rosenthal, E, Russell, M, Silva, G, Sanz, L, Sarasso, S, Sarwal, A, Schiff, N, Schnakers, C, Seder, D, Shah, V, Shapiro-Rosen, A, Shapshak, A, Sharma, K, Sharshar, T, Shutter, L, Sitt, J, Slomine, B, Smielewski, P, Smith, W, Stamatakis, E, Steinberg, A, Ferioli, S, Fernandez-Esp, D, Fink, E, Fins, J, Frontera, J, Ganesan, R, Ghavam, A, Giacino, J, Gibbons, C, Gilmore, E, Gosseries, O, Green, T, Greer, D, Guanci, M, Hahn, C, Hakimi, R, Hanley, D, Hartings, J, Hassan, A, Hinson, H, Hirsch, K, Hocker, S, Hu, P, Hu, X, Human, T, Hwang, D, Illes, J, Jaffa, M, James, M, Janas, A, Jones, M, Keller, E, Keogh, M, Kim, J, Kim, K, Kirsch, H, Kirschen, M, Ko, N, Kondziella, D, Kreitzer, N, Stevens, R, Sussman, B, Taran, S, Thibaut, A, Threlkeld, Z, Tinti, L, Toker, D, Torbey, M, Trevick, S, Turgeon, A, Udy, A, Varelas, P, Venkatasubba, C, Vespa, P, Videtta, W, Voss, H, Vox, F, Wagner, A, Wainwright, M, Whyte, J, Witherspoon, B, Yakhind, A, Zafonte, R, Zahuranec, D, Zammit, C, Zhang, B, Ziai, W, Zimmerman, L, Kromm, J, Kumar, A, Kurtz, P, Laureys, S, Lawson, T, Lejeune, N, Lewis, A, Liang, J, Ling, G, Livesay, S, Luppi, A, Madden, L, Maddux, C, Mahanes, D, Mainali, S, Maldonado, N, Ribeiro, R, Massimini, M, Mayer, S, Mccredie, V, Mcnett, M, Mejia-Mantill, J, Menon, D, Meyfroidt, G, Mijangos, J, Moberg, D, Moheet, A, Molteni, E, Monti, M, Morrison, C, Muehlschlegel, S, Murtaugh, B, Naccache, L, Nairon, E, Natarajan, G, Newcombe, V, Nielsen, N, Noronha-Falc‹, F, Nyquist, P, Othman, M, Owen, A, Barra M. E., Zink E. K., Bleck T. P., Caceres E., Farrokh S., Foreman B., Cediel E. G., Hemphill J. C., Nagayama M., Olson D. W. M., Suarez J. I., Aiyagari V., Akbari Y., Al-Mufti F., Alexander S., Alexandrov A., Alkhachroum A., Amiri M., Appavu B., Gebre M. A., Bader M. K., Badjiata N., Balu R., Beekman R., Beghi E., Bell K., Beqiri E., Berlin T., Bodien Y., Boerwinkle V., Boly M., Bonnel A., Brown E., Carroll E., Chou S., Citerio G., Classen J., Condie C., Cosmas K., Creutzfeldt C., Dangayach N., DeGeorgia M., Der-Nigoghoss C., Desai M., Diringer M., Dullaway J., Edlow B., Ercole A., Estraneo A., Falcone G., Padayachy L., Park S., Pergakis M., Polizzotto L., Pouratian N., Spivack M. P., Prisco L., Provencio J., Puybasset L., Rasmussen L., Rass V., Richardson R., Shinots C. R., Robba C., Robertson C., Rohaut B., Rolston J., Rosanova M., Rosenthal E., Russell M. B., Silva G. S., Sanz L., Sarasso S., Sarwal A., Schiff N., Schnakers C., Seder D., Shah V. A., Shapiro-Rosen A., Shapshak A., Sharma K., Sharshar T., Shutter L., Sitt J., Slomine B., Smielewski P., Smith W., Stamatakis E., Steinberg A., Ferioli S., Fernandez-Esp D., Fink E., Fins J., Frontera J., Ganesan R., Ghavam A., Giacino J., Gibbons C., Gilmore E., Gosseries O., Green T., Greer D., Guanci M., Hahn C., Hakimi R., Hanley D. F., Hartings J., Hassan A., Hinson H., Hirsch K., Hocker S., Hu P., Hu X., Human T., Hwang D., Illes J., Jaffa M., James M. L., Janas A., Jones M., Keller E., Keogh M., Kim J., Kim K., Kirsch H., Kirschen M., Ko N., Kondziella D., Kreitzer N., Stevens R., Sussman B., Taran S., Thibaut A., Threlkeld Z., Tinti L., Toker D., Torbey M., Trevick S., Turgeon A., Udy A., Varelas P., Venkatasubba C., Vespa P., Videtta W., Voss H., Vox F., Wagner A., Wainwright M., Whyte J., Witherspoon B., Yakhind A., Zafonte R., Zahuranec D., Zammit C., Zhang B., Ziai W., Zimmerman L., Kromm J., Kumar A., Kurtz P., Laureys S., Lawson T., Lejeune N., Lewis A., Liang J., Ling G., Livesay S., Luppi A., Madden L., Maddux C., Mahanes D., Mainali S., Maldonado N., Ribeiro R. M., Massimini M., Mayer S., McCredie V., McNett M., Mejia-Mantill J., Menon D., Meyfroidt G., Mijangos J., Moberg D., Moheet A., Molteni E., Monti M., Morrison C., Muehlschlegel S., Murtaugh B., Naccache L., Nairon E., Natarajan G., Newcombe V., Nielsen N., Noronha-Falc‹ F., Nyquist P., Othman M., and Owen A.

Abstract

The convergence of an interdisciplinary team of neurocritical care specialists to organize the Curing Coma Campaign is the first effort of its kind to coordinate national and international research efforts aimed at a deeper understanding of disorders of consciousness (DoC). This process of understanding includes translational research from bench to bedside, descriptions of systems of care delivery, diagnosis, treatment, rehabilitation, and ethical frameworks. The description and measurement of varying confounding factors related to hospital care was thought to be critical in furthering meaningful research in patients with DoC. Interdisciplinary hospital care is inherently varied across geographical areas as well as community and academic medical centers. Access to monitoring technologies, specialist consultation (medical, nursing, pharmacy, respiratory, and rehabilitation), staffing resources, specialty intensive and acute care units, specialty medications and specific surgical, diagnostic and interventional procedures, and imaging is variable, and the impact on patient outcome in terms of DoC is largely unknown. The heterogeneity of causes in DoC is the source of some expected variability in care and treatment of patients, which necessitated the development of a common nomenclature and set of data elements for meaningful measurement across studies. Guideline adherence in hemorrhagic stroke and severe traumatic brain injury may also be variable due to moderate or low levels of evidence for many recommendations. This article outlines the process of the development of common data elements for hospital course, confounders, and medications to streamline definitions and variables to collect for clinical studies of DoC.

Published
2023

10. Early Childhood Bilingualism in the Montessori Children's House: Guessable Context and the Planned Environment.

Author

Rosanova, M. J.

Abstract

The language immersion approach of the Intercultural Montessori School (Oak Park, Illinois) for children aged 2-6 years is described and discussed. An introductory section gives background information on early work with immersion by Maria Montessori, a personal experience leading to the school's establishment, and the response of language and education professionals, the public, and parents to the concept of preschool immersion. Subsequent sections discuss common patterns in the students' language learning experience at the school and the developmental stages the learners went through as the experiment progressed: pre-production; early production; speech emergence; and intermediate fluency. Anecdotal information about specific students and events are used for illustration. Observations about comprehensible input and the Montessori manipulables, whole language, and other instructional strategies are included. Specific recommendations are made for content and classroom procedures in early childhood immersion, based on this experience. The paper concludes with reflections on the potential of this environment for development of bilingualism. Contains 29 references. (MSE)

Published
1997

14. The role of neuronavigation in TMS–EEG studies: Current applications and future perspectives

Author

Lioumis, P., Rosanova, M., Department of Neuroscience and Biomedical Engineering, University of Milano, Aalto-yliopisto, and Aalto University

Subjects
Cerebral Cortex, Brain lesions, General Neuroscience, Electroencephalography, Settore BIO/09 - Fisiologia, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation, Reproducibility, TEP, Brain disorders, Neuronavigation, Transcranial magnetic stimulation, Evoked Potentials, Humans
Abstract

openaire: EC/H2020/810377/EU//ConnectToBrain Funding Information: PL has been supported by the European Research Council (ERC Synergy) under the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (ConnectToBrain; grant agreement No. 810377) Grant and Leap Wellcome Trust. PL has been a consultant for Nexstim Plc. for motor and speech mapping purposes and also for TMS-EEG. MR has been supported by European Union's Horizon 2020 Framework Program for Research and Innovation under Specific Grant Agreement No. 945539 (Human Brain Project SGA3), by Fondazione Regionale per la Ricerca Biomedica (Regione Lombardia), Project ERAPERMED2019–101, GA779282, and by the Tiny Blue Dot Foundation. Transcranial magnetic stimulation combined with electroencephalography (TMS–EEG) allows measuring non-invasively the electrical response of the human cerebral cortex to a direct perturbation. Complementing TMS-EEG with a structural neuronavigation tool (nTMS–EEG) is key for accurately selecting cortical areas, targeting them, and adjusting the stimulation parameters based on some relevant anatomical priors. This step, together with the employment of visualization tools designed to perform a quality check of TMS-evoked potentials (TEPs) in real-time during TMS-EEG data acquisition, is pivotal for maximizing the impact of the TMS pulse on the cortex and in ensuring highly reproducible measurements within sessions and across subjects. Moreover, storing stimulation parameters in the neuronavigation system can help in replicating the stimulation parameters within and across experimental sessions and sharing them across research centers. Finally, the systematic employment of neuronavigation in TMS–EEG studies is also critical to standardize measurements in clinical populations in search for reliable diagnostic and prognostic TMS–EEG-based biomarkers for neurological and psychiatric disorders.

Published
2022

16. New steps on an old path: Novel estrogen receptor inhibitors in breast cancer

Author

Pagliuca, M., Donato, M., D'Amato, A. L., Rosanova, M., Russo, A. O. M., Scafetta, R., De Angelis, C., Trivedi, M. V., André, F., Arpino, G., Del Mastro, L., De Laurentiis, M., Puglisi, F., and Giuliano, M.

Subjects
Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators, SERDs, Breast Neoplasms, Estrogens, Hematology, ER signaling, Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases, SERCAs, PROTACs, Receptors, Estrogen, Oncology, Quality of Life, Humans, Female, Endocrine resistance
Abstract

Estrogen receptor (ER) signaling represents the main driver of tumor growth and survival in hormone receptor positive (HR+) breast cancer (BC). Thus, endocrine therapy (ET) alone or in combination with targeted agents constitutes the mainstay of the treatment for this BC subtype. Despite its efficacy, intrinsic or acquired resistance to ET occurs in a large proportion of cases, mainly due to aberrant activation of ER signaling (i.e. through ligand-independent ER activation, in the presence of estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) gene aberration or ER protein phosphorylation) and/or the upregulation of escape pathways, such as the PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Therefore, the development of new ER pathway targeting agents remains essential to delay and overcome ET resistance, enhance treatment efficacy and tolerability, and ultimately prolong patient survival and improve their quality of life. Several novel ER targeting agents are currently under investigation. Among these, the oral selective ER degraders (SERDs) represent the pharmacological class at the most advanced stage of development and promise to enrich the therapeutic armamentarium of HR+ BC in the next few years, as they showed promising results in several clinical trials, either as single ET agents or in combination with targeted therapies. In this manuscript, we aim to provide a comprehensive overview on the clinical development of novel ER targeting agents, reporting the most up-to-date evidence on oral SERDs and other compounds, including new selective ER modulators (SERMs), ER proteolysis targeting chimera (PROTACs), selective ER covalent antagonists (SERCAs), complete ER antagonists (CERANs), selective human ER partial agonists (ShERPAs). Furthermore, we discuss the potential implications of introducing these novel treatment strategies in the evolving and complex therapeutic scenario of HR+ BC.

Published
2022
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23. TMS-EEG approach unveils brain mechanisms underlying conscious and unconscious face perception

Author

Mattavelli, G, Pisoni, A, Romero Lauro, L, Marino, B, Bonomi, M, Rosanova, M, Papagno, C, Mattavelli G., Pisoni A., Romero Lauro L. J., Marino B. F., Bonomi M., Rosanova M., Papagno C., Mattavelli, G, Pisoni, A, Romero Lauro, L, Marino, B, Bonomi, M, Rosanova, M, Papagno, C, Mattavelli G., Pisoni A., Romero Lauro L. J., Marino B. F., Bonomi M., Rosanova M., and Papagno C.

Abstract

Background: Conscious perception of external stimuli has been related to recurrent activity in distributed cortical networks, although brain mechanisms controlling unconscious processing and stimuli access to conscious report need to be clarified. Objective: This study aims at investigating modulations in cortical excitability related to conscious perception and unconscious processing of face stimuli with different visibility levels. Methods: We used TMS-EEG over the right occipital face area (rOFA), or the right premotor cortex (rPMC) as control site, to measure cortical excitability during a backward masking paradigm with individually defined stimuli visibility. Results: Event related potentials showed significant differences for faces compared to houses, and detected faces compared to missed ones, 200 ms post target onset. TMS over rOFA, but not over rPMC, triggered a relative positivity starting 150 ms post target when faces with high visibility were consciously reported. Moreover, rOFA TMS evoked differential responses for high versus low visible faces in conscious and unconscious processing at 290–390 and 180–240 ms, respectively. Conclusion: Results unveiled a causal link between rOFA excitability and late responses related to access to conscious perception, suggesting a critical role of recurrent activity, but distinct components, for consciously perceived stimuli and unconscious face processing

Published
2019

24. Sleep-like bistability, loss of causality and complexity in the cerebral cortex of unresponsive wakefulness syndrome patients

Author

Fecchio, M, Rosanova, M, Casarotto, S, Sarasso, S, Casali, A, Pigorini, A, Comanducci, A, Seregni, F, Devalle, G, Citerio, G, Bodart, O, Boly, M, Gosseries, O, Laureys, S, Massimini, M, Fecchio, M., Rosanova, M., Casarotto, S., Sarasso, S., Casali, A. Girardi, Pigorini, A., Comanducci, A., Seregni, F., Devalle, G., Citerio, G., Bodart, O., Boly, M., Gosseries, O., Laureys, S., Massimini, M., Fecchio, M, Rosanova, M, Casarotto, S, Sarasso, S, Casali, A, Pigorini, A, Comanducci, A, Seregni, F, Devalle, G, Citerio, G, Bodart, O, Boly, M, Gosseries, O, Laureys, S, Massimini, M, Fecchio, M., Rosanova, M., Casarotto, S., Sarasso, S., Casali, A. Girardi, Pigorini, A., Comanducci, A., Seregni, F., Devalle, G., Citerio, G., Bodart, O., Boly, M., Gosseries, O., Laureys, S., and Massimini, M.

Published
2019

27. Montessori Elementary Is Different: What Children Study, What Children Do.

Author

Rosanova, M. J.

Abstract

Presents an overview of Montessori versus traditional education programs. Focuses on differences of philosophy, curriculum, study, classroom environment, values, preparation for life, and productivity. Defines the major philosophical points of adaptation and development, and meaning. Addresses the Montessori perspective on elementary and the middle childhood years. (SD)

Published
2003

32. Basic and advanced neurophysiology in the diagnostic and prognostic evaluation of disorders of consciousness: review of an IFCN-endorsed expert group

Author

Comanducci, A, Boly, M, Claassen, J, De Lucia, M, Gibson, RM, Juan, E, Laureys, S, Nacacche, L, Owen, AM, Rosanova, M, Rossetti, AO, Schnakers, C, Sitt, JD, Schiff, ND, and Massimini, M

Abstract

The analysis of spontaneous and evoked EEG activityrepresents a cornerstone for the paraclinical assessment of patients with disorders of consciousness (DoC). The past few years have witnessed a fertile convergence between the science of consciousness and clinical practice, holding the promise that new concepts and tools will soon be available at the bedside of DoC patients. This paper provides a critical overview of bothconsolidated and investigational electrophysiological techniques in their contribution to diagnosis and prognostication of patients.We first describe conventional EEG methods and their clinical implications, we then focus on evoked and event-related potentials applications, and finally we deal with novel research findings that may have clinical impact in the near future. In doing so, we distinguishwhenever possible, between the acute, the prolonged and the chronic phase of DoC, we try torelate both clinical and research findings to basic neuronal and network processes and we share our experience about technical and conceptual caveats.The primary aim of this narrative review is to provide a bridge between old and new measures related to the detection and prediction of recovery of consciousness. Its ultimate ambition is to offer a common ground to clinical neurologists and academic researchers.

Published
2020
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34. Methods for analysis of brain connectivity : An IFCN-sponsored review

Author

Rossini, P. M., Di Iorio, R., Bentivoglio, M., Bertini, G., Ferreri, F., Gerloff, C., Ilmoniemi, R. J., Miraglia, F., Nitsche, M. A., Pestilli, F., Rosanova, M., Shirota, Y., Tesoriero, C., Ugawa, Y., Vecchio, F., Ziemann, U., Hallett, M., HUS Medical Imaging Center, BioMag Laboratory, and University of Helsinki

Subjects
TRANSCRANIAL MAGNETIC STIMULATION, MEG, TMS-EEG, Anatomical connectivity, Human brain connectome, INDEPENDENT COMPONENT ANALYSIS, PRIMARY MOTOR CORTEX, fMRI, 3112 Neurosciences, FRONTAL-LOBE INPUTS, Connectomics, RESTING HUMAN BRAIN, 3124 Neurology and psychiatry, Functional connectivity, GRAPH-THEORETICAL ANALYSIS, DORSAL PREMOTOR CORTEX, CONTRALATERAL PRIMARY MOTOR, Brain connectivity, EEG, Non-invasive brain stimulation, CORTICAL EFFECTIVE CONNECTIVITY, Effective connectivity, RETROGRADE AXONAL-TRANSPORT
Abstract

The goal of this paper is to examine existing methods to study the "Human Brain Connectome" with a specific focus on the neurophysiological ones. In recent years, a new approach has been developed to evaluate the anatomical and functional organization of the human brain: the aim of this promising multimodality effort is to identify and classify neuronal networks with a number of neurobiologically meaningful and easily computable measures to create its connectome. By defining anatomical and functional connections of brain regions on the same map through an integrated approach, comprising both modern neurophysiological and neuroimaging (i.e. flow/metabolic) brain-mapping techniques, network analysis becomes a powerful tool for exploring structural-functional connectivity mechanisms and for revealing etiological relationships that link connectivity abnormalities to neuropsychiatric disorders. Following a recent IFCN-endorsed meeting, a panel of international experts was selected to produce this current state-of-art document, which covers the available knowledge on anatomical and functional connectivity, including the most commonly used structural and functional MRI, EEG, MEG and non-invasive brain stimulation techniques and measures of local and global brain connectivity. (C) 2019 Published by Elsevier B.V. on behalf of International Federation of Clinical Neurophysiology.

Published
2019

36. Spectral properties of the EEG during recovery of consciousness after acute brain injury

Author

Napolitani, M, Colombo, M, Curto, F, Tinti, L, Beretta, S, Citerio, G, Rosanova, M, Sarasso, S, Chieregato, A, M. Napolitani, M. Colombo, F. Curto, L. Tinti, S. Beretta, G. Citerio, M. Rosanova, S. Sarasso, A. Chieregato, Napolitani, M, Colombo, M, Curto, F, Tinti, L, Beretta, S, Citerio, G, Rosanova, M, Sarasso, S, Chieregato, A, M. Napolitani, M. Colombo, F. Curto, L. Tinti, S. Beretta, G. Citerio, M. Rosanova, S. Sarasso, and A. Chieregato

Published
2020

37. Autonomic responses to emotional linguistic stimuli and amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations predict outcome after severe brain injury

Author

Salvato, G, Berlingeri, M, De Maio, G, Curto, F, Chieregato, A, Magnani, F, Sberna, M, Rosanova, M, Paulesu, E, Bottini, G, Magnani, FG, Salvato, G, Berlingeri, M, De Maio, G, Curto, F, Chieregato, A, Magnani, F, Sberna, M, Rosanova, M, Paulesu, E, Bottini, G, and Magnani, FG

Abstract

An accurate prognosis on the outcome of brain-injured patients with disorders of consciousness (DOC) remains a significant challenge, especially in the acute stage. In this study, we applied a multiple-technique approach to provide accurate predictions on functional outcome after 6 months in 15 acute DOC patients. Electrophysiological correlates of implicit cognitive processing of verbal stimuli and data-driven voxel-wise resting-state fMRI signals, such as the fractional amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (fALFF), were employed. Event-related electrodermal activity, an index of autonomic activation, was recorded in response to emotional words and pseudo-words at baseline (T0). On the same day, patients also underwent a resting-state fMRI scan. Six months later (T1), patients were classified as outcome-negative and outcome-positive using a standard functional outcome scale. We then revisited the baseline measures to test their predictive power for the functional outcome measured at T1. We found that only outcome-positive patients had an earlier, higher autonomic response for words compared to pseudo-words, a pattern similar to that of healthy awake controls. Furthermore, DOC patients showed reduced fALFF in the posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), a brain region that contributes to autonomic regulation and awareness. The event-related electrodermal marker of residual cognitive functioning was found to have a significant correlation with residual local neuronal activity in the PCC. We propose that a residual autonomic response to cognitively salient stimuli, together with a preserved resting-state activity in the PCC, can provide a useful prognostic index in acute DOC.

Published
2020

39. Tracking the effect of cathodal direct current stimulation on cortical excitability and connectivity by means of TMS-EEG

Author

Varoli, E, Pisoni, A, Mattavelli, G, Rosanova, M, Bolognini, N, Vallar, G, Romero Lauro LJ, Varoli, E, Pisoni, A, Mattavelli, G, Rosanova, M, Bolognini, N, Vallar, G, Romero Lauro, L, and ROMERO LAURO, L

Subjects
cathodal tDCS, TMS-EEG, cortical excitability, posterior parietal cortex, neuromodulation
Abstract

Introduction : Despite tDCS is increasingly used in experimental and clinical settings, its precise mechanisms remain largely unknown. At a neuronal level, tDCS modulates the cortical excitability by shifting the resting membrane potential in a polarity-dependent way: anodal stimulation increases the spontaneous firing rate, while cathodal decreases it. So far, the neurophysiological underpinnings of the immediate and delayed effects of tDCS are still unclear, as well as, how the stimulation of a given cerebral region may affect the activity of anatomically connected regions. In a previous study it has been investigated the tDCS anodal’s effect on the cortical excitability, by the means of TMS-EEG, showing a diffuse rise of cortical excitability in a bilateral fronto-parietal networks. Methods : Fifteen healthy, right-handed volunteers participated in the study. Single pulse TMS was delivered over the left posterior parietal cortex (PPC), before, during, and after a 10 minutes long session of cathodal tDCS stimulation over the right PPC, while EEG was recorded from 60 channels. For each TMS session, indexes of global and local cerebral excitability were obtained, computed as global and local mean field power (Global Mean Field Power, GMFP and Local Mean Field Power, LMFP) on the mean TMS-evoked potentials (TEPs) for three temporal windows: 0-50, 50-100 and 100-150 ms. The global index was computed on all the 60 channels. While, the local indexes were computed in four different clusters of electrodes: left and right, in frontal and parietal regions. Results : The preliminary results show no differences in both the TMS sessions during and after cathodal tDCS compared to pre-stimulation one, both at global and local level. A further test using bayesian analysis was performed, providing a moderate indication toward null hypothesis. Discussion : These results are consistent with the literature in which the coupling of anodal-excitatory and cathodal-inhibitory effects are well established in the sensory and motor domains, both at physiological and behavioral levels, while the evidence is more controversial for higher-level mental activity. References : Bindman L. et al. Nature. (1962) 196:584e585. Jacobson L.et al. Exp Brain Res. (2012) 216(1):1-10. Romero Lauro L. J. Et al. Cortex, (2014) 58:99e111

Published
2018

40. Using TMS-EEG to better understand the effects of cathodal direct current stimulation on cortical excitability and connectivity

Author

Varoli, E, Pisoni, A, Mattavelli, G, Vergallito, A, Rosanova, M, Vallar, G, Romero, L, Varoli, E, Pisoni, A, Mattavelli, G, Vergallito, A, Rosanova, M, Vallar, G, Romero Lauro, L, and Romero, L

Subjects
cathodal tDCS, TMS-EEG, cortical excitability, Posner task
Abstract

Despite transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is a widely used non-invasive brain stimulation techniques, the cathodal tDCS effects on task performance are still controversial and unclear. A deeper understanding of the plastic changes induced by cathodal tDCS would be crucial to improving the refinement of stimulation protocols for clinical and research purposes. In a previous study, we investigated the effect of cathodal tDCS on cortical excitability at a resting state, using a combination of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) and Electroencephalography (EEG). Results showed no significant modulation effects during and after cathodal stimulation in comparison to a pre-tDCS session. In the present study, we used the same paradigm to study the effect of cathodal tDCS during a task. Single TMS pulses were delivered over the left posterior parietal cortex (PPC), before and after 15 minutes of cathodal or sham tDCS over the right PPC, while recording hd-EEG. During the tDCS stimulation, the subjects were involved in a Posner task that requires visual-attentional abilities, likely involving the PPC. We opted for the Posner task in our experimental protocol on the basis of the results of a pilot study in which we found that cathodal tDCS over the right PPC reduced the performance at the same task, increasing reaction times. As in the previous study, we estimated the indexes of global and local cortical excitability, both at sensors and cortical sources level. At sensors, global and local mean field power (GMFP and LMFP) were computed for three temporal windows (0-50, 50-100 and 100-150 ms), in all channels (GMFP), and in four different clusters of electrodes (LMFP, left and right, in frontal and parietal regions). After source reconstruction, Significant Current Density was computed at a global level, and in four Broadmann’s areas (left/right BA 6 and 7). At a behavioural level, we expected to replicate the results of the pilot study; while at a neurophysiological level we predicted a reduction of cortical excitability only in the areas strictly involved in the task performance. Such results would confirm the hypothesis of a causal interaction between the spontaneous ongoing cortical activity and the electric stimulation.

Published
2018

43. Sleep-like bistability, loss of causality and complexity in the cerebral cortex of unresponsive wakefulness syndrome patients

Author

Fecchio, M., primary, Rosanova, M., additional, Casarotto, S., additional, Sarasso, S., additional, Casali, A. Girardi, additional, Pigorini, A., additional, Comanducci, A., additional, Seregni, F., additional, Devalle, G., additional, Citerio, G., additional, Bodart, O., additional, Boly, M., additional, Gosseries, O., additional, Laureys, S., additional, and Massimini, M., additional

Published
2019
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46. Localizing the effects of anodal tDCS: A TMS-EEG study

Author

Romero Lauro, L, Pisoni, A, Rosanova, M, Mattavelli, G, Bolognini, N, Vallar, G, Lauro, LJ. Romero, Romero Lauro, L, Pisoni, A, Rosanova, M, Mattavelli, G, Bolognini, N, and Vallar, G

Subjects
TMS-EEG
Published
2017

47. Tracking the effect of cathodal direct current stimulation on cortical excitability and connectivity by the use of TMS-EEG

Author

Varoli, E, Romero Lauro, LJ, Pisoni, A, Mattavelli, G, Rosanova, M, Bolognini, N, Vallar, G, Varoli, E, Romero Lauro, L, Pisoni, A, Mattavelli, G, Rosanova, M, Bolognini, N, and Vallar, G

Subjects
cathodal tDCS, TMS-EEG, cortical excitability, Posterior parietal cortex, neuromodulation
Abstract

Despite transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is increasingly used in experimental and clinical settings, its precise mechanisms of action remain largely unknown. At a neuronal level, tDCS modulates the cortical excitability by shifting the resting membrane potential in a polarity-dependent way: anodal stimulation increases the spontaneous firing rate in the stimulated region, while cathodal decreases it. So far, the neurophysiological underpinnings of the immediate and delayed effects of tDCS are still unclear, as well as, it is not fully understood how the stimulation of a given cerebral region may affect the activity of anatomically connected regions. In a previous study it has been investigated the tDCS anodal’s role in the cortical excitability, by a combination of Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS) and Electroencephalography (EEG). Results showed a diffuse rise of cortical excitability in a bilateral fronto-parietal networks. In the present study, we used the same technique and methodological setting in order to explore local and global cortical excitability modulation during and after cathodal tDCS. Single pulse TMS was delivered over the left posterior parietal cortex (PPC), before, during, and after 10 minutes of tDCS over the right PPC, while EEG was recorded from 60 channels. For each session, indexes of global and local cerebral excitability were obtained, computed as global and local mean field power (Global Mean Field Power, GMFP and Local Mean Field Power, LMFP) on mean TMS-evoked potentials (TEPs) for four temporal windows: 0-50, 50-100, 100-150 and 150-200 milliseconds. The global index was computed on all 60 channels. The local indexes were computed in four clusters of electrodes: left and right, in frontal and parietal regions. The preliminary results on nine subjects show no differences in both sessions during and after cathodal tDCS compared to pre-stimulation session. These preliminary results suggest the existence of a difference effect due to anodal and cathodal tDCS stimulation, also in other areas, different from the motor cortex.

Published
2017

48. Tracciare gli effetti della stimolazione elettrica transcranica catodica sull’eccitabilità e connettività corticale tramite TMS-EEG

Author

Varoli, E, Pisoni, A, Mattavelli, G, Rosanova, M, Bolognini, N, Vallar, G, Romero Lauro, LJ, Varoli, E, Pisoni, A, Mattavelli, G, Rosanova, M, Bolognini, N, Vallar, G, and Romero Lauro, L

Subjects
tDCS catodica, TMS-EEG, eccitabilità corticale, corteccia parietale posteriore, neuromodulazione
Abstract

La stimolazione elettrica transcranica (tDCS) è sempre più impiegata sia in ambito clinico sia sperimentale, nonostante questo i suoi precisi meccanismi di funzionamento rimangono in gran parte sconosciuti. È noto che a livello neuronale, la tDCS modula l’eccitabilità corticale modificando il potenziale di membrana a riposo in modo polarità-dipendente: la stimolazione anodica aumenta il firing rate spontaneo delle regioni direttamente stimolate, al contrario quella catodica lo diminuisce (Bindman et Al, 1964). Tuttavia, le basi neurofisiologiche degli effetti della tDCS, diretti e post-stimolazione, sono ancora poco chiare, così come non si è ancora del tutto compreso come la stimolazione di una data area possa indurre degli effetti anche in regioni anatomicamente connesse a essa (Jacobson et al. 2012). In un precedente lavoro sono stati esplorati gli effetti della stimolazione tDCS anodica sull’eccitabilità corticale tramite l’utilizzo di una tecnica che combina la Stimolazione Magnetica Transcranica (TMS) alla registrazione Elettroencefalografica (EEG). I risultati hanno mostrato un diffuso aumento dell’eccitabilità corticale in un network bilaterale fronto-parietale (Romero Lauro et al., 2014). Nel presente studio è stata utilizzata la stessa tecnica e il medesimo setting sperimentale al fine di esplorare gli effetti di modulazione dell’eccitabilità corticale indotti dalla stimolazione tDCS catodica, sia a livello globale sia a livello locale. Materiali e Metodi È stata applicata la TMS a impulso singolo sulla corteccia parietale posteriore (PPC) sinistra, prima, durante e dieci minuti dopo la stimolazione tDCS in corrispondenza della PPC destra. Durante le tre sessioni di stimolazione sono stati registrati i potenziali evocati dalla TMS (TEPs) mediante una cuffia a sessanta canali. Dei TEPs sono state considerate per l’analisi quattro diverse finestre temporali: 0 (onset TMS) -50, 50-100, 100-150 and 150-200 millisecondi. Per ognuna di esse sono stati ricavati gli indici di eccitabilità corticale, sia globale sia locale, calcolando rispettivamente il Global e Local Mean Field Power (GMFP e LMFP) sulla media dei TEPs. Il GMFP è stato ottenuto analizzando il segnale derivante da tutti i sessanta canali EEG. Il LMFP, invece, è stato calcolato su quattro clusters di elettrodi: parietale destro (CP2, CP4, P2, e P4), parietale sinistro (CP1, CP3, P1, e P3), frontale destro (F2, F6, FC2, e FC6) e frontale sinistro (F1, F5, FC1, e FC3). Risultati e Discussione I risultati preliminari mostrano un’assenza di differenze significative tra le tre condizioni di stimolazione. Un’analisi bayesiana mostra un’indicazione moderata per l’ipotesi nulla. Questi risultati sono in linea con gli studi in letteratura che riportano come gli effetti della tDCS catodica risultino piuttosto controversi quando sono interessate aree che sottendono a funzioni cognitive di ordine superiore (Jacobson et al., 2012). Bibliografia 1. Bindman, L. J., Lippold, O. C., & Redfearn, J. W. (1962). Long-lasting changes in the level of the electrical activity of the cerebral cortex produced by polarizing currents. Nature, 196, 584e585. 2. Jacobson, L., Koslowsky, M., & Lavidor, M. (2012). tDCS polarity effects in motor and cognitive domains: a meta-analytical review. Experimental brain research, 216(1), 1-10. 3. Romero Lauro, L. J., Rosanova, M., Mattavelli, G., Convento, S., Pisoni, A., Opitz, A., et al. (2014). TDCS increases cortical excitability: direct evidence from TMS-EEG. Cortex, 58, 99e111.

Published
2017

49. Tracking dynamic interactions between structural and functional connectivity: a TMS/EEG-dMRI study

Author

Amico E, Bodart O, Rosanova M, Gosseries O, Heine L, Van Mierlo P, Martial C, Massimini M, Marianazzo D, and Laureys S

Subjects
genetic structures, nervous system, TMS/EEG, brain-directed functional connectivity, structural connectivity, behavioral disciplines and activities, psychological phenomena and processes
Abstract

Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in combination with neuroimaging techniques allows to measure the effects of a direct perturbation of the brain. When coupled with high-density electroencephalography (TMS/hd-EEG), TMS pulses revealed electrophysiological signatures of different cortical modules in health and disease. However, the neural underpinnings of these signatures remain unclear. Here, by applying multimodal analyses of cortical response to TMS recordings and diffusion magnetic resonance imaging (dMRI) tractography, we investigated the relationship between functional and structural features of different cortical modules in a cohort of awake healthy volunteers. For each subject, we computed directed functional connectivity interactions between cortical areas from the source-reconstructed TMS/hd-EEG recordings and correlated them with the correspondent structural connectivity matrix extracted from dMRI tractography, in three different frequency bands (α, β, γ) and two sites of stimulation (left precuneus and left premotor). Each stimulated area appeared to mainly respond to TMS by being functionally elicited in specific frequency bands, that is, β for precuneus and γ for premotor. We also observed a temporary decrease in the whole-brain correlation between directed functional connectivity and structural connectivity after TMS in all frequency bands. Notably, when focusing on the stimulated areas only, we found that the structure–function correlation significantly increases over time in the premotor area controlateral to TMS. Our study points out the importance of taking into account the major role played by different cortical oscillations when investigating the mechanisms for integration and segregation of information in the human brain.

Published
2017

50. Dissociation between Behavioural Scales and Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation with High-Density Electroencephalography (TMS/HDEEG) in the Longitudinal Assessment of the Level of Consciousness in Non-Communicating Patients. A Case-Report

Author

Napolitani, M, Sarasso, S, Vargiolu, A, Comanducci, A, Pigorini, A, Rosanova, M, Massimini, M, CITERIO, GIUSEPPE, Napolitani, M, Sarasso, S, Vargiolu, A, Comanducci, A, Pigorini, A, Rosanova, M, Massimini, M, and Citerio, G

Subjects
Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS/HDEEG), Level Of Consciousness
Published
2016

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