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Studies on coral genetics have been widely used recently for varied research purposes, including to solve the taxonomical challenge or to understand the physiological-ecological aspects of corals towards climate change. While the information provided by coral genome is crucial for those works, isolation of coral genome is still a difficult preliminary step due to coral's nature. This study aimed to evaluate and to suggest the best application of among four established methods for DNA extraction from scleractinian coral, i.e., Guanidine hydrochloride (GuHCl), Chelex chelating resin, Guanidinium thiocyanate-phenol-chloroform (AGPC), and spin-column methods. Coral samples were grounded and submitted to each extraction method's protocol. Final extracts were checked for their quality and quantity. The final extracts feasibility were tested through PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction), followed by electrophoresis for amplicon quality screening. The scoring was done for assessment aspects: time efficiency, successful extraction process, extracted DNA quantity and quality, final extract properness, and cost effort per sample. The highest DNA concentration was obtained by spin-column methods, reaching up to 724.31 ng/µl, while other methods can only provide between 264.94±36.453 to 378.19±0 ng/µl of DNA. Among all method tested, the spin-column was able to provide reproducible and feasible quality of final extracts for the amplification. Other methods were failed to provide such consistent and proper results. The results suggesthat the spin-column is the most appropriate method for DNA isolation from scleractinian specimen.

Agus R, Purnamasari WOS, Parura RD, Silang F, Massi MN. 2022. Short Communication: Cloning, production and responses of the sMTL-13 protein (13 kDa lectin secretion) Mycobacterium tuberculosis against Interleukin 6. Biodiversitas 23: 6208-6212. The Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine protected effect against meningitis and disseminated Tuberculosis TB in children. However, it does not prevent primary infection and reactivation of latent pulmonary infection. Therefore, an effective vaccine is needed to prevent tuberculosis. One of the potentials is the sMTL-13 protein (13 kDa lectin secretion), which causes an increase in interleukin 6 (IL-6) as a proinflammatory cytokine and shows high titers in the serum of TB patients. This study aimed to clone, express and evaluate the sMTL-13 recombinant protein. The research steps were ligation of Rv1419 to pQE-30Xa, transformation to Escherichia coli BL-21, and production of recombinant protein with IPTG induction. Furthermore, immunoreactivity tests with the serum of TB patients and healthy serum using ELISA. The results showed that the PCR product Rv1419 showed a band of 474 bp and white colonies as a recombinant clone of pQE-30Xa-Rv1419. The production of sMTL-13 recombinant protein has been successfully carried out and produces 13 kDa protein. The results of the immunoreactivity test showed that the serum level of IL-6 in patients with active TB was 84.22 pg/mL and the serum level of IL-6 in healthy people was 63.74 pg/mL.

Background and Aim: The molecular pathogenesis of typhoid fever is complex and the host susceptibility mechanisms such as Natural Resistance Associated Macrophages Protein-1 (NRAMP-1) are poorly understood. This study explores the expression of NRAMP-1 in the serum of Acute Recurrence State (ARS) of typhoid fever compared with typhoid fever patients and healthy persons. Methods: Thirty of ARS of typhoid fever and 30 typhoid fever patients were collect from several Primary Health Care and Hospitals in the endemic area. Diagnosis of typhoid fever based on clinical symptoms and confirmed by blood culture. Healthy persons were collect from the Blood Transfusion Unit, Makassar, Indonesia. The expression of NRAMP-1 was determined using Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results: The mean of NRAMP-1 expression in 30 ARS of typhoid fever and 30 typhoid fever were found 10.941,56 pg/mL and 11.027,65 pg/mL, respectively. However, the mean of NRAMP-1 expression in healthy persons was found 21.103,91 pg/mL. Conclusion: No different the expression of NRAMP-1 in ARS of typhoid fever compared with typhoid fever patients. However, expression of NRAMP-1 in both ARS of typhoid fever and typhoid fever showed significantly lower than healthy persons. Future study is needed to explore the other molecular factors involved to become ARS.

Tuberculosis remains a global concern in many countries because it is a contagious disease and become the second largest killer after HIV / AIDS. In suppressing the number of deaths from TB disease are increasing from year to year we conducted this test target antigen of Mycobacterium tuberculosis that is immunogenic by using molecular biology techniques. This study aims to the purification of recombinant proteins MTSP11 and MPT63 measuring the concentration of purified protein as a candidate serodiagnostic active tuberculosis. E. coli cells carrying the recombinant plasmid pQE30 Xa-Rv 3204 and pQE30 Xa-Rv 1926 cultured in LB medium containing ampicillin, then, do cell lysis. Further characterization of proteins and the last stage is the measurement results of protein purification. The results obtained are MTSP11 protein has a molecular weight of 11 kDa while the MPT63 protein size of 16 kDa. The result of the calculation using the formula showed that the concentration of MTSP11 0.165423045mg / mL and the concentration of MPT63 is 0.155164115 mg / mL, the concentration of purified protein is best found in the last washing results by using the elution buffer.

Cases of leprosy in Indonesia are still high, especially in the provinces of West Papua, North Maluku and Papua. Drug resistance surveillance and typing strains of Mycobacterium leprae are useful molecular tools for leprosy control especially in the three Provinces. The purpose of this study was to identify mutations in the gyrA M. leprae gene obtained from leprosy patients in the provinces of West Papua and Papua on a molecular basis. M. leprae samples obtained from leprosy patients were extracted and continued with PCR and sequencing in the M. leprae gyrA gene. The sequencing results are aligned with M. leprae TN sequences to identify mutations. The phylogenetic tree was constructed using Mega 7 to get the M. leprae gyrA cluster. The RNAalifold server was employed to generate the conserved 2D structure for the gyrA MSAs. Six variants were found in the gyrA M. leprae obtained from the provinces of West Papua and Papua. The six variants are H71R, K73R, D95G, A101T, R107W, A127V. The existence of mutations in the gyrA M. leprae gene found in this study can be information in the treatment of leprosy in Papua if using Ofloxacin as an alternative treatment. Based on phylogenetic analysis found there are three distinct clusters of gyrA gene. The five variants are H71R, K73R, A101T, R107W, A127V are new variant of gyrA M. leprae. The D95G variant has been confirmed to cause resistance to Fluoroquinolone by in vitro methods, while the H71R, K73R, A101T, R107W, A127V variants are new variants whose effects on the fluoroquinolone are unknown. Thus, further analysis is needed to study the effects of the five variants on ofloxacin.

The surveillance of multidrug-resistant (MDR) H58 typhoid is highly important, especially in endemic areas. MDR strain detection is needed by using a simple PCR technique that only uses a pair of primers. This is conducted considering the detection of Salmonella Typhi strains that have been carried out so far are only using antimicrobial sensitivity tests to determine microbial resistance phenotypically and to determine genotypically using complex molecular techniques. We aimed to analyse the existence of Salmonella Typhi MDR H58 in patients with typhoid fever in Makassar, Indonesia. A total of 367 blood samples of typhoid fever patients were collected from April 2018 until April 2019. The blood sample was cultured, then confirmed via simple PCR. All of the confirmed samples were tested for susceptibility against antibiotics and molecularly analysed for MDR H58 existence using a simple PCR technique. We found 7% (27/367) of the samples to be positive by both blood culture and PCR. All 27 isolates were found to be sensitive to sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim. The lowest drug sensitivities were to amoxicillin, at one (3.7%) of 27 isolates, and ampicillin, at 13 (48.1%) of 27 isolates. Salmonella Typhi H58 PCR results showed that one (3.7%) of 27 isolates carried a positive fragment of 993 bp that led to the H58 strain, since the deletion flanks this fragment. The isolate was also found to be resistant to amoxicillin and fluoroquinolone according to a sensitivity test. Further molecular analysis needs to be conducted to examine the single isolate that carried the 933 bp fragment.

Tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis is the biggest infectious disease causing human death in the world. The main challenge in controlling tuberculosis is to quickly and accurately diagnose tuberculosis infection. Several kits have been produced to diagnose tuberculosis, but have different sensitivity and specificity. This shows that the kit is not yet ideal for diagnosing tuberculosis, so the search for candidates for specific antigens still needs to be done. One potential antigen is the Rv 1926c encoding MPT 63 protein. This protein is known to induce Th1 cells and produce IFN λ from PBMC cells of patients infected with tuberculosis. The purpose of this study was to clone the Rv 1926c from Mycobacterium tuberculosis as a tuberculosis immunodiagnostic kit. The method used is isolating Rv 1926c with PCR, ligation to pGEM-T vector and transformation to E.coli host cell JM 109. Clone characterization was carried out by PCR and migration analysis. The results obtained are the recombinant clones obtained have successfully inserted with the Rv 1926 c

To Balo adalah sebutan untuk satu komunitas masyarakat di Sulawesi Selatan yang memiliki kondisi hipopigmentasi khas pada kulitnya. Hipopigmentasi diduga piebaldism menimbulkan stereotype negatif pada kelompok masyarakat tersebut. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk analisa pedigree guna melihat aspek genetika karakter warna kulit pada komunitas To Balo. Dari hasi analisa pedigree ditemukan bahwa pola pewarisan sifat hipopigmentasi pada masyarakat To Balo adalah dominan autosom. Hal ini serupa dengan pola pewarisan sifat pada piebaldism.Kata Kunci : To Balo, piebaldism, analisis pedigree

Penelitian tentang Profil DNA Gen Follicle Stimulating Hormone reseptor (FSHr) pada Wanita Akne dengan Teknik PCR dan Sekuensing DNA. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui profil DNA Gen Follicle Stimulating Hormone reseptor (FSHr) pada Wanita Akne dengan Teknik PCR dan Sekuensing DNA. Penelitian ini dilakukan pada bulan Februari-April 2016. Metode penelitian ini adalah observasional dengan rancangan penelitian cross sectional, teknik laboratorium dilakukan sesuai dengan prosedur PCR dan Sekuensing DNA. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan di Instalasi Laboratorium RS. Labuang Baji Makassar dan Analisis sampel dilakukan di Laboratorium Genetika dan Laboratorium Terpadu Gedung SCIENCE BUILDING Fakultas Matematika dan Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam, Universitas Hasanuddin, Makassar, Sulawesi Selatan. Pengambilan serum darah melalui vena mediana kubiti dilakukan pada 10 responden wanita penderita akne, yang bersedia menjadi responden dan telah memenuhi kriteria inklusi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan, bahwa setiap responden memiliki gen FSHr, 4 sampel yang di sekuensing memiliki genotipe Asn385Asn, Asn385Ser, dan Ser385Ser. Kesimpulan dari penelitian diketahui bahwa Profil DNA Gen Follicle Stimulating Hormone reseptor (FSHr) pada wanita akne yaitu Asn385Asn, Asn385Ser, dan Ser385Ser dimana polimorfisme yang terjadi pada Gen FSHr dapat menyebabkan terjadinya gangguan signal tranduksi pada sel granulosa ovarium.Kata kunci : Gen FSHr, Akne, PCR, Sekuensing DNA

The study aims to know the biodiversity and community structure of marine tunicate in Samalona waters. The present study is part of biodiversity assessment for marine resources of Sangkarang Archipelago SW Makassar Indonesia. Field campaign was conducted from October to November 2016. Sample collection was done at 3 and 7 m depth by using Line Intersection Transect (LIT) method combined with a quadrat (plot). Two 50 m transects were placed parallel to a shore line at three stations (sta.) at Samalona waters. A quadrat (plot) (2.5 m x 2.5 m) was placed side by side of the line transect and all tunicates in the transect was recorded, identified, counted and photographed. Samples were collected by using SCUBA and under water camera. Environmental parameters including water temperatue, salinity, dissolved oxygen, clarity, current and wind speed, were measured in situ. Data were analysed using ecological indices including species composition and density, Shanon Wienner species diversity, Evenness, and Morisita Indices. The result indicates that there are 18 species of tunicates present at 3 m as well as 7 m depth of Samalona waters.. Result of the ecological analysis shows that species diversity can be categorized as moderate and there were no dominant species. Environmental parameters indicates that water quality at Samalona waters was in good condition to support tunicates.

Antigen Cultrure Filtrat Protein adalah protein Immudominan yang dikodekan di wilayah RD2 yang mampu memperoleh reaksi hipersensitivitas yang kuat dan mampu menginduksi respon IFN yang sangat tinggi pada penderita tuberkulosis. Telah dilakukan penelitian dengan judul ???Produksi Protein Rekombinan CFP 21 Mycobacterium tuberculosis sebagai immunodiagnostik tuberkulosis laten???. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk memproduksi protein CFP 21 Mycobacterium tuberculosis sebagai immunodiagnostik tuberkulosis laten. Metode yang digunakan adalah menumbuhkan sel E. coli yang membawa plasmid rekombinan pQE30-CFP 21 Mycobacterium tuberculosis dalam media LB yang mengandung ampicilin, kemudian melakukan lisis sel dengan menggunakan metode sonikasi dan melakukan karakterisasi protein dengan SDS-PAGE. Dari hasil SDS-PAGE ditemukan pita ptotein dengan berat molekul 19 kDa

The appearance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains leading to drug resistance has caused new problems in TB treatment in various parts of the world and forces WHO to declare TB as a global emergency. With the increase of TB drug resistance, it is convinced that a more effective vaccine development will stop the epidemic of TB. Some M. tuberculosis antigens, one of which is MPT83, have been examined as TB vaccine candidate. MPT83 antigen, which is very immunogenic in lipoprotein micro bacteria, is identified as surface cell interrelated to antigen with cytometry circulation. Having TB resistance from BCG vaccine, MPT83 is considered TB vaccine candidate that can protect people against TB at adult age. The purpose of this research is to conduct amplification of MPT83 antigen cloning, and expression of its antigen on E. coli bacteria. From the result of the research, it is expected that raw material to produce TB vaccine as well as a high-quality antigen can be obtained. The band of DNA in PCR product is 660 bp, while the one in pGEMT-Easy-Mpt83 recombinant plasmid is 3678 bp. This is expressed in E. coli BL21 strain and produces 48 kDa protein as well as GST-MPT83 fusion protein.

Increased resistance to TB drugs, may render vaccine development a more effective approach to stop or reduce TB epidemics. The antigen Culture Filtrat Protein Filtrat 21 (CPF21) is an immudominant protein encoded in RD 2 region of the Mycobacterium tuberculosis genome, capable of obtaining a strong hypersensitivity reaction and to induce very high interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) responses in patients with tuberculosis. In order to construct the recombinant plasmid pGEM-T Easy-CFP21 and express it in E. coli BL21, the CFP21 gene was amplified from M. tuberculosis H37Rv genomic DNA using PCR in vitro, and inserted into the pGEM-T Easy cloning vector. The recombinant plasmid was then transformed into E. coli JM109, followed by plasmid extraction, PCR amplification, and DNA sequencing. The correct recombinant CFP21 gene was subcloned into expression vector pGEX-2TK and transformed into E. coli BL21 strain. The white recombinant colony was selected, cultured, induced with 50 µM IPTG, and identified using SDS-PAGE electrophoresis method. These results demonstrated that CFP21 gene has been constructed and expressed successfully. The molecular weight was about 47 kDa as the fusion protein GST-CFP21 and expressed as insoluble protein. In conclusion, the target gene CFP21 has been cloned into host E. coli BL-21 strain and expressed successfully. In the future, the purified recombinant fusion protein GST-CFP21 paves the way for TB diagnosis and vaccine development.

Pathogenic mycobacteria are one of the major causes of human mortality in the word. Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an etiological agent of human tuberculosis. Designing new vaccines including recombinant protein vaccines may be considered as a new approach for preventing or reducing tuberculosis epidemics. In order to construct protein recombinant as candidate vaccine, the Rv1980c gene encoding MPT64 protein was amplified from M. tuberculosis H37Rv strain genomic DNA using the PCR method and inserted into the cloning vector pGEM-T Easy. The recombinant plasmid pGEM-T Easy-MPT64 was then transformed into E. coli JM109 and cultivated under standard procedure, followed by plasmid extraction, PCR amplification, and DNA sequencing. The correct Rv1980c gene was confirmed by DNA sequencing and subcloned into expression vector pQE30Xa to yield recombinant plasmid pQE30Xa-MPT64, and transformed into E. coli BL21 strain. Transformed white recombinant colony was selected, cultured, induced with 40 μM IPTG, and identified using SDS-PAGE electrophoresis method. The molecular weight was found to be about 24 kDa and identified as recombinant protein MPT64. The target gene has been cloned into host E. coli BL-21 strain and expressed successfully as a soluble protein. The recombinant fusion recombinant protein MPT64 paves the way for tuberculosis diagnosis and vaccine development in the future, especially in Indonesia.

This research is about gene distribution of ABO blood type system on the Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) patients in the working area of Puskesmas Bonto Bangun, District of Rilau Ale, Bulukumba. This research aimed to determine the blood type which is most affected by DHF using ABO blood type system. In this research, there are 104 samples, 8 of them were attacked by DF and 96 were attacked by DHF. From the 96 patients of DHF, there were 38 patients with A-blood type, 17 patients with B-blood type, 36 patients with O-blood type and 5 patients of AB-blood type. The data were tested using genotype frequency test and the results showed that the percentage of A-homozygous blood type (IAIA) is 0:09%; A heterozygous blood type (IAIo) is 0:36%; B-homozygous blood type (IBIB) is 0.01%; B heterozygous blood type (IB Io) is 0.12%; AB blood type (IAIB) is 0.06% and O blood type (IoIo) is 12:36%. So the biggest frequency of genotype are IAIo (0.36%) and IoIo (0.36%). The results showed that O blood type gene is the most affected by DHF. Then continued by the regression test between blood type and DHF, it is obtained that the correlation value is 1 which indicated that there is a strong relationship.

Abalon dikenal dengan nama umum kerang mata tujuh merupakan gastropoda ekonomis oleh karena bentuk dan warna kerang yang indah dan merupakan makanan prestise terutama bagi keturunan tionghoa di berbagai tempat di dunia. Abalon mengandung nutrisi yang baik, namun tidak umum dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat Indonesia. Eksploitasi abalon di Indonesia lebih ditujukan untuk ekspor. Permintaan dunia akan abalon meningkat sejalan dengan meningkatnya kebutuhan akan sumber protein serta perkembangan industri perhiasan dan akuarium. Disisi lain informasi keberadaan abalon di alam dan variasi genetiknya terutama di Indonesia masih sangat terbatas. Sulawesi Selatan memiliki daerah perairan yang cukup luas, memiliki sumber daya hayati laut yang berpotensi untuk dikembangkan. Penelitian mengenai kekerangan abalon di kawasan ini penting untuk menyediakan informasi mengenai potensi dan tingkat pemanfaatan sebagai bahan untuk pengembangan berkelanjutan komoditi ini. Kajian ini menggunakan dua pendekatan yakni penelitian lapangan pada dua lokasi di perairan Spermonde dan Teluk Bone serta kajian variasi genetik abalon. Data sekunder diperoleh dari kajian yang telah dilakukan sebelumnya. Tercatat enam jenis abalon di Sulawesi Selatan. Tulisan ini membahas potensi kekerangan abalon di daerah Sulawesi Selatan, prospek serta tantangan pengelolaan berkelanjutan komoditi ini. Kata Kunci: kerang mata tujuh, gastropoda laut, Spermonde, Haliotis

Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui kemampuan imunoreaktivitas peptida chaperonin 60.1 dan 60.2 sebagai antigen untuk mendeteksi TB aktif BTA negatif pada serum penderita dari Indonesia Tuberkulosis (TB) di Indonesia merupakan masalah besar. Demi keberhasilan pemberantasan TB, maka diperlukan kit diagnostik yang handal. Berbagai antigen Mycobacterium tuberculosis telah diuji imunoreaktivitasnya sebagai kandidat kit diagnostik, semuanya memberikan spesifisitas >95% tetapi sensitivitasnya tertinggi 57% terutama untuk spesimen dari BTA negatif. Penelitian ini menggunakan peptida chaperonin 60.1 dan 60.2. Kedua peptida bersifat imunogenik pada manusia dan mengandung epitop sel B. Kedua peptida dikonfirmasi menggunakan program komputer ABCpred berakurasi tinggi, selanjutnya disintesis secara kimia dan diuji imunoreaktivitasnya menggunakan serum penderita TB aktif BTA negatif dan sebagai pembanding adalah serum penderita TB aktif BTA positif. Keberadaan gen chaperonin 60.1 dan 60.2 diuji menggunakan Polymerase Chain Reaction dengan primer spesifik terhadap isolat klinik Mycobacterium tuberculosis asal Indonesia yang menentukan keberhasilan deteksi menggunakan peptida berasal dari kedua gen tersebut. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari masing-masing satu sera TB aktif BTA positif, TB aktif BTA negatif dan orang sehat BCG positif mengenali kedua peptida pada uji dot blot, menghasilkan intensitas noda TB aktif BTA positif lebih jelas dibandingkan dengan TB aktif BTA negatif. Demikian pula pada intensitas noda TB aktif BTA negatif lebih jelas dibandingkan orang sehat. Keberadaan kedua gen dari 15 isolat klinik M.tuberculosis pada uji PCR. Untuk chaperonin 60.1 positif sebanyak 10 sampel (67%) dan untuk chaperonin 60.2 positif sebanyak 14 sampel (93%). Kesimpulan penelitian ini memberikan informasi tahap awal mengenai dapat digunakannya peptida chaperonin 60.1 dan 60.2 sebagai kandidat protein rekombinannya dalam kit deteksi spesifik TB aktif BTA negatif walaupun belum sempat semua spesimen diuji karena keterbatasan waktu.

Tuberculosis caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis is an infectious disease cause of human death in the world. The main challenges in TB control is quickly and precisely diagnose diseases especially TB latent . Detection of latent TB do not have a gold standard , but this time done with tuberculin test skin test ( TST ) . Principle is the onset of hypersensitivity tuberculin test on a person who is infected M. tuberculosis of the components of the tuberculin purified protein derivative (PPD). PPD contains approximately 200 mycobacterial antigens , so that the tuberculin test has limitations such as false positive reactions due to cross-reaction between. PPD and the antibodies produced by BCG vaccination or infection with mycobacteria is not TB. Thus , the availability of diagnostic reagents for tuberculosis is needed which ideally can identify new and latently infected individuals . On our previous study obtained 38 kDa protein as a potential latent TB diagnostic kits. The purpose of this study was to clone the gene encoding the 38 kDa antigen M. tuberculosis as latent tuberculosis diagnostic kit. The research method is to isolate chromosomal DNA from clinical isolates, amplify by PCR and ligating the gene into the cloning vector pGEM - T in Escherichia coli JM 109 . Characterization of clones performed by PCR and sequencing. The results obtained after PCR with specific primers obtained a 1993 bp sized bands gene encoding Pab. Pab known gene encodes a 38 kDa antigen of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. After Pab gene ligated with pGEM - T vector cloning in Escherichia coli JM 109 cells acquired several white colonies. After the characterization by PCR and sequencing clones obtained results that the inserted DNA is actually genes Pab.

Penelitian tentang aktivitas antimitotik ini bertujuan: jangka panjang, untuk mendapatkan senyawa yang bersifat antikanker sebagai bahan dasar dalam pembuatan obat yang berasal dari bahan alam laut, khususnya dari hydroid aglaophenia cupressina Lamoureoux. Pada penelitian ini, ingin diketahui senyawa bioaktif dari hydroid yang memiliki aktivitas antimitotik, terhadap pembelahan sel zigot bulu babi Tripneustes gratilla Linn. Metode antimitosis digunakan untuk mendapatkan intensitas concentrasi (IC50) yang mampu menghambat pembelahan sel bulu babi dengan membandingkan vinkristin sebagai kontrol positip. Penelitian bersifat eksperimental, dengan melakukan ekstraksi sampel hydroid, dengan menggunakan methanol dan partisi dengan pelarut n-heksan. selanjutnya difraksinasi menggunakan kromatografi kolom vakum dan kolom tekan kemudian dimonitor dengan KLT. Selanjut dilakukan uji aktivitas antimitotik , dengan penyuntikan ke dalam bagian gonad jantan dan betina dari bulu babi Tripneustes gratilla Linn., identifikasi struktur molekul menggunakan data spectra UV, IR dan NMR. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan: Asam heksadekanoat dan ?? ???sitosterol yang berasal dari hydroid Aglaophenia cupressina memiliki daya hambat dalam pembelahan sel zigot bulu babi Tripneustes gratilla Linn, Asam heksadekanoat dan ??-sitosterol yang berasal dari hydroid Aglaophenia cupressina Lamoureoux dengan konsentrasi 10 ??g/mL dapat dikembangkan sebagai senyawa antikanker berdasarkan nilai IC50.