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Tese de mestrado. Biologia (Biologia Humana e Ambiente). Universidade de Lisboa, Faculdade de Ciências, 2012 Submitted by Lurdes Saramago (lurdes.saramago@fc.ul.pt) on 2013-01-24T19:03:04Z No. of bitstreams: 1 ulfc099162_tm_soraia_rocha.pdf: 35471365 bytes, checksum: 2c9e2a6aa71e225cb89e205dfa75c6c9 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-01-24T19:03:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 ulfc099162_tm_soraia_rocha.pdf: 35471365 bytes, checksum: 2c9e2a6aa71e225cb89e205dfa75c6c9 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2012

O objectivo principal deste trabalho foi compreender quais as representações sociais do corpo e da comida em jovens universitários, na última fase da adolescência. Pretendeuse também perceber que papel existe entre as representações encontradas e as opiniões de outros (por exemplo, familiares, amigos e media). Nesse sentido, foi aplicado um questionário a 232 jovens universitários, de ambos os sexos, com uma idade (em mais de 80% dos casos) entre 18 e os 19 anos. Frequentavam o primeiro ano das licenciaturas em Enfermagem, Fisioterapia e Ciências Farmacêuticas. Os resultados indicam que os participantes assumem uma visão do corpo como algo vivo, que se pretende saudável, e como um veículo de afirmação identitária. A sexualidade é um dos pilares desta fase e o corpo é encarado sobretudo, como instrumento de afirmação pessoal e definição sexual. A comida é associada especialmente à saúde e ao bem-estar. A opinião de outros, principalmente a dos familiares e amigos, é muito importante, quer nas representações do corpo, quer nas da comida. The purpose of this study was to understand how body and food are represented among an adolescent population. It was our goal to examine how these representations might be linked with the opinion of significant others (for example, family, friends or media). To accomplish this goal, a questionnaire was completed by 232 university students, male and female, 18 and 19 years (in more than 80% of cases). The findings indicate that the body is mainly associated to life, health and as vehicle for identity affirmation. Sexuality seems to be one of the pillars of this phase and the body is viewed mainly as an instrument of sexual definition. Food is associated with health and well-being. The opinions of others, especially family and friends, proved to be relevant not only regarding the representations of body, but also the representations of food.

Submitted by Maria Helena Ribeiro (helena.ribeiro@lisboa.ucp.pt) on 2020-09-16T09:26:08Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação de Mestrado _ Rosa Soraia Gonçalves.pdf: 1050907 bytes, checksum: 4f358cc1f821f283206cc1524ad5674d (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Maria Helena Ribeiro (helena.ribeiro@lisboa.ucp.pt) on 2020-09-16T09:26:25Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação de Mestrado _ Rosa Soraia Gonçalves.pdf: 1050907 bytes, checksum: 4f358cc1f821f283206cc1524ad5674d (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2020-09-16T09:26:25Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Dissertação de Mestrado _ Rosa Soraia Gonçalves.pdf: 1050907 bytes, checksum: 4f358cc1f821f283206cc1524ad5674d (MD5) Previous issue date: 2020-03-04

Radiotherapy is currently used in around 50% of cancer treatments and relies on the deposition of energy directly into tumour tissue. Although it is generally effective, some of the deposited energy can adversely affect healthy tissue outside the tumour volume, especially in the case of photon radiation (gamma and X-rays). Improved radiotherapy outcomes can be achieved by employing ion beams due to the characteristic energy deposition curve which culminates in a localised, high radiation dose (in form of a Bragg peak). In addition to ion radiotherapy, novel sensitisers, such as nanoparticles, have shown to locally increase the damaging effect of both photon and ion radiation, when both are applied to the tumour area. Amongst the available nanoparticle systems, gold nanoparticles have become particularly popular due to several advantages: biocompatibility, well-established methods for synthesis in a wide range of sizes, and the possibility of coating of their surface with a large number of different molecules to provide partial control of, for example, surface charge or interaction with serum proteins. This gives a full range of options for design parameter combinations, in which the optimal choice is not always clear, partially due to a lack of understanding of many processes that take place upon irradiation of such complicated systems. In this review, we summarise the mechanisms of action of radiation therapy with photons and ions in the presence and absence of nanoparticles, as well as the influence of some of the core and coating design parameters of nanoparticles on their radiosensitisation capabilities.