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Enquadramento: A transição para o ensino superior (ES) representa uma etapa crítica, com múltiplos novos e exigentes desafios, que podem precipitar dificuldades adaptativas e desequilíbrios na saúde mental dos estudantes. Objetivo: Descrever a correlação entre variáveis sociodemográficas/académicas e autoeficácia geral, stresse percebido e bem-estar psicológico em estudantes do primeiro ano da Licenciatura em Enfermagem (LE). Metodologia: Estudo descritivo-correlacional, amostra não probabilística, tipo acidental de 263 estudantes do primeiro ano da LE 2019/2020, instrumentos: Questionário Sociodemográfico Académico, Escala de Autoeficácia Geral, Escala de Stresse Percebido-10 Itens, Escala de Medida de Manifestação de Bem-Estar Psicológico. Resultados: Verifica-se existência de correlação negativa entre autoeficácia geral e stresse percebido, entre stresse percebido e bem-estar psicológico, constatando-se ainda correlação positiva entre autoeficácia geral e bem-estar psicológico nos estudantes da LE. Conclusão: O ambiente de transição para o ES é complexo e impactante para os estudantes, sendo fundamental desenvolver estratégias facilitadoras, que diminuir o impacto de fatores indutores de stresse e o sofrimento emocional nesta população.

Enquadramento: O contexto de ensino clínico e a vivência da pandemia COVID-19 são potencialmente stressores e/ou ansiogénicos em estudantes de enfermagem. Objetivo: Avaliar a eficácia do programa “Aprender a Relaxar” na redução do stresse e ansiedade em estudantes de enfermagem. Metodologia: Estudo pré-experimental, longitudinal, com amostra de sete estudantes seguidos na consulta de ansiedade. Concebido e implementado Programa “Aprender a Relaxar” baseado nas técnicas de respiração diafragmática e relaxamento muscular progressivo, com oito sessões, em cinco semanas. Avaliação inicial, final e follow-up utilizada Escala de Perceção de Stresse e Questionário de Autoavaliação de Ansiedade de Zung. Resultados: Redução dos níveis de stresse entre avaliação inicial e avaliação final (p = 0,069) e diminuição significativa entre avaliação inicial e follow-up (p = 0,033). Diminuição significativa da ansiedade entre avaliação inicial e avaliação final (p = 0,033) e entre avaliação inicial e follow-up (p = 0,006). Conclusão: Programa demonstrou efeito positivo na gestão do stresse, autocontrolo da ansiedade e sintomatologia associada, sendo um recurso terapêutico útil na intervenção com estudantes de enfermagem.

Background: Hepatitis B is an infectious disease of worldwide importance and of great interest to transfusion medicine. The Amazon region has areas of high endemicity, outlining a worrying scenario for transfusion and epidemiological safety. Objective: To analyze the profiles of serological and molecular markers for HBV of blood donors from HEMOAM. Methods: Blood donors with different patterns of reactivity in serological and molecular screening for HBV were tested for viral load by the qPCR method at the reference center for liver diseases in the state of Amazonas. Results: A total of 230,591 donors were tested, with 3104 (1.34%) found reactive for HBV and 2790 (89.9%) found reactive for isolated anti-HBc. Viral load was not detected in 100% of donors reactive only to HBsAg, while 100% of donors with positive anti-HBc and positive HBsAg or HBV NAT demonstrated a detectable viral load. We also detected one case of occult hepatitis B (0.03%) only with reactive HBV NAT and five donors (0.2%) with positive anti-HBc and HBV NAT. Conclusions: With this result, the great importance of the anti-HBc test for the unsuitability of blood donors was verified, as well as the fundamental introduction of the HBV NAT test in screening for hepatitis B in Brazilian blood banks, as this was the only way to detect the viral infection burden in asymptomatic donors who previously would not be treated, which contributed to the maintenance of the endemicity of hepatitis B in the Brazilian Amazon.

Keratinocytes play an essential role in the inflammatory phase of wound regeneration. In addition to migrating and proliferating for tissue regeneration, they produce a large amount of cytokines that modulate the inflammatory process. Previous studies have shown that subthermal treatment with radiofrequency (RF) currents used in capacitive resistive electric transfer (CRET) therapy promotes the proliferation of HaCat keratinocytes and modulates their cytokine production. Although physical therapies have been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects in a variety of experimental models and in patients, knowledge of the biological basis of these effects is still limited. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of CRET on keratinocyte proliferation, cytokine production (IL-8, MCP-1, RANTES, IL-6, IL-11), TNF-α secretion, and the expression of MMP9, MMP1, NF-κB, ERK1/2, and EGFR. Human keratinocytes (HaCat) were treated with an intermittent 448 kHz electric current (CRET signal) in subthermal conditions and for different periods of time. Cell proliferation was analyzed by XTT assay, cytokine and TNF-α production by ELISA, NF-κB expression and activation by immunofluorescence, and MMP9, MMP1, ERK1/2, and EGF receptor expression and activation by immunoblot. Compared to a control, CRET increases keratinocyte proliferation, increases the transient release of MCP-1, TNF-α, and IL-6 while decreasing IL-8. In addition, it modifies the expression of MMPs and activates EGFR, NF-κB, and ERK1/2 proteins. Our results indicate that CRET reasonably modifies cytokine production through the EGF receptor and the ERK1/2/NF-κB pathway, ultimately modulating the inflammatory response of human keratinocytes.

Propionic acidemia is part of the organic acidemias that constitute a group of inherited autosomal recessive diseases caused by the deficiency of enzymes involved in the catabolism of branched-chain amino acids resulting in the tissue accumulation of one or more carboxylic acids. The objective of this case report is to portray the success obtained with the institution of early treatment due to high clinical and laboratory suspicion of inborn error of metabolism in an infant with seizures, reduced level of consciousness, pancytopenia, metabolic acidosis with high anion gap. and hyperammonemia. The treatment consisted of emergency dialysis, protein restriction with supplementation of cofactors and monitoring of serum ammonia levels. Although conducted in a small hospital, with the diagnostic suspicion as well as the early institution of specific treatment, it was possible to obtain a favorable outcome, this report reinforces the importance for pediatricians and neonatologists of having the hypothesis of inborn error of metabolism as differential diagnosis in a patient with such clinical and laboratory findings since the manifestation occurs mostly in the first months of life.

The inadequate disposal of waste tires has caused environmental and public health problems. One of the direct harmful effects is the noise due to traffic. Waste rubber has been used in concrete to improve its acoustic performance and energy absorption. Studies carried out by the U. S. Federal Highway Administration show that barriers, regardless the material used, do not block completely but can reduce the volume of traffic noise by half. This study proposes concrete mixes containing waste tires and vermiculite to verify their acoustic properties for road barriers. The experiments include concrete with waste tires and vermiculite to replace the sand mass from 10% to 40%. An improvement in the acoustic properties was observed, reducing the total sound intensity level of the concrete acoustic barrier to 20 dB and 29 dB, for the frequencies of 500 Hz and 1000 Hz, respectively.

Resumo Introdução: o cloro é o gás irritante a que as pessoas estão comumente expostas no cotidiano. Um dos seus efeitos tóxicos é a síndrome da disfunção reativa das vias aéreas (SDRA). Objetivo: resumir as principais evidências dos padrões evolutivos da SDRA. Métodos: Revisão sistemática da literatura de artigos publicados entre setembro de 1985 e julho de 2021 no repositório da Universidade de São Paulo (USP) e nas bases BVS/LILACS, PubMed/Medline e SciELO. Foram utilizados os descritores “cloro” e “asma ocupacional” associados à “síndrome da disfunção reativa das vias aéreas” ou “asma induzida por irritantes”. Dois revisores independentes selecionaram e avaliaram a qualidade dos estudos, com apoio do checklist do Instituto Joanna Briggs. Resultados: selecionaram-se 22 estudos: 11 séries de casos, oito relatos de caso e três estudos transversais. Os estudos selecionados abrangeram 1.335 participantes de 11 países, e apenas 170 tiveram diagnóstico de SDRA com evolução documentada. Destes, 115 (65%) foram devido à exposição ocupacional. Os padrões evolutivos mais frequentes foram persistência prolongada dos sintomas, alterações espirométricas e/ou hiper-responsividade brônquica, principalmente no ambiente ocupacional. Observou-se falta de padronização no relato de informações adequadas. Conclusões: a cronicidade foi o padrão evolutivo da SDRA mais frequente. Houve falta de informação apropriada que impediu uma análise adequada dos resultados.

Concrete structures are susceptible to several factors during their life cycles, which can cause various problems. This situation can be avoided in many cases if Structural Health Monitoring (SHM) is used. However, such monitoring is often expensive due to the large number of sensors and the use of data acquisition systems (DAQ). In this context, self-sensing cement composites (SSCCs), monitoring themselves without sensors by incorporating conductive fillers in their composition, provide a better piezoresistive effect. In this research, the Arduino platform and analog to digital converters (ADC) modules were tested, and a prototype of a low-cost DAQ was developed for monitoring SSCCs. The devices were analyzed from the compression tests on the mortar specimens, and the results were compared to measurements obtained from the reference equipment (professional DAQ). The results showed a good sensitivity and an adequate correlation between both devices in some cases. It showed that the Arduino platform has the potential to be used in the experimental monitoring of SSCCs, however it needs to be combined with an ADC module.

The use of steel fibers in concrete affects its rheological properties in the fresh state and increases its energy absorption capacity in the hardened state. Rubber fibers come from tires and when incorporated into concrete, they promote an improvement in its damping factor. This work aimed to evaluate the use of rubber fibers on the mechanical properties of concrete reinforced with steel fibers. The evaluated properties were: compressive strength, tensile strength, static and dynamic modulus of elasticity and damping. The mixes of the tested concretes varied the consumption of steel and rubber fibers. From the results found, it can be seen that the rubber associated with steel fibers within the concrete mixtures improves the damping rates of the material.

Recycled crumb rubber can be sustainable used in mortar both to mitigate nature aggregate consumption, reducing environmental pollution, as well, to improve the acoustic and thermal performance of buildings, without damaging its mechanical properties. This paper explores workability, microstructure, mechanical, thermal and acoustic properties considering increasing contents of crumb rubber (0%, 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% replacement, by volume, of fine aggregate). Mortar characterization tests were carried out in the fresh and hardened state. It has been found that replacing the aggregate with scrap tyre rubber reduced the compressive strength on average 12% and 67% and for tensile strength 35% and 53%, for the contents of 10% and 20% respectively, compared to the reference. Furthermore, it was found that the reductions in thermal conductivity reached 16% and 29% and an increase in acoustic attenuation on average 12% and 13%. Moreover, scanning electron microscopy images were analyzed, justifying the mechanical results obtained. Although the experimental results indicated that the workability and mechanical strengths decreased with the increase of rubber replacement rate, the studied mixtures met the standard specifications, and thus suitable for walls and ceilings coating applications, improve the acoustic and thermal performance of buildings and as a sustainable material.

The excessive production of new tires and the inappropriate disposal of waste tires have caused serious environmental and public health problems. To properly dispose of this environmental liability, these rubber residues have been used in cement composites to improve some of their properties in the hardened state. This study evaluates the incorporation of rubber and vermiculite residues in concrete in terms of mechanical and acoustic properties. Different concrete compositions were defined where rubber waste and vermiculite were used to replace the natural sand mass. To characterize the concretes, mechanical and acoustic tests, and analysis of the microstructure of the material were carried out to better understand its properties. An improvement in the acoustic properties can be seen in the composites with rubber and vermiculite. Thus, the great contribution of this research is the development of concrete compositions for acoustic barriers, technically viable, adding environmental benefits.

Este trabalho descreve a intervenção psicológica junto a familiares em Oncologia Pediátrica no Instituto Nacional de Câncer. Com os avanços científicos nas diversas áreas médicas o tempo de sobrevida dos pacientes vem aumentando consideravelmente e o atendimento psicólogico visa lidar com as respostas psicológicas que surgem paralelas ao processo de diagnóstico e tratamento contribuindo assim para uma melhor qualidade desta sobrevida.

The present work aims to contribute to the study and development of methodologies for shrinkage tests of self-compacting concrete (SCC) using the addition of polypropylene (PP) microfibers as a variable to validate the correlations between the shrinkage tests. The objective of this work was to evaluate, through correlations between the area and the age at which the cracks appeared, the role of PP fibers as a control for this pathology. Reference SCC traces with additions of 6 mm and 12 mm microfibers were created for this purpose. For the shrinkage tests, the criteria of the ASTM C1579:2013 (plates) and ASTM C1581:2016 (rings) standards were used. The microfibers showed a significant reduction in cracks in the SCC, its reduction rate ranging from 40% to 70%, also presenting a delay in its appearance, which varied from 9 to 20 days for the appearance of the first crack.

El objetivo fue analizar la rentabilidad del proyecto de instalación de techos verdes extensivos en viviendas ubicadas en un clima tropical húmedo, considerando el efecto de diversos parámetros sobre la relación beneficio-costo y el periodo de recuperación de la inversión. Los beneficios ambientales se estimaron a partir del análisis de ciclo de vida, mientras que el análisis de costos unitarios permitió determinar el efecto de la disponibilidad de materiales sobre los costos de instalación. El análisis monetizó dos beneficios ambientales: el ahorro de energía eléctrica y la captura de carbono, a partir del valor presente neto de los costos de instalación, mantenimiento, desmantelamiento y disposición final. Se determinó que la relación beneficio-costo varía entre 1.1 y 3.8 con periodos de recuperación de 3.4 a 8.9 años, en función de la disponibilidad de materiales, los indicadores económicos, las acciones de mantenimiento y la recompensa potencial con bonos de carbono al propietario.

Background: Hepatitis B is an infectious disease of worldwide importance and of great interest to transfusion medicine. The Amazon region has areas of high endemicity, outlining a worrying scenario for transfusion and epidemiological safety. Objective: To analyze the profiles of serological and molecular markers for HBV of blood donors from HEMOAM. Methods: Blood donors with different patterns of reactivity in serological and molecular screening for HBV were tested for viral load by the qPCR method at the reference center for liver diseases in the state of Amazonas. Results: A total of 230,591 donors were tested, with 3104 (1.34%) found reactive for HBV and 2790 (89.9%) found reactive for isolated anti-HBc. Viral load was not detected in 100% of donors reactive only to HBsAg, while 100% of donors with positive anti-HBc and positive HBsAg or HBV NAT demonstrated a detectable viral load. We also detected one case of occult hepatitis B (0.03%) only with reactive HBV NAT and five donors (0.2%) with positive anti-HBc and HBV NAT. Conclusions: With this result, the great importance of the anti-HBc test for the unsuitability of blood donors was verified, as well as the fundamental introduction of the HBV NAT test in screening for hepatitis B in Brazilian blood banks, as this was the only way to detect the viral infection burden in asymptomatic donors who previously would not be treated, which contributed to the maintenance of the endemicity of hepatitis B in the Brazilian Amazon. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Keratinocytes play an essential role in the inflammatory phase of wound regeneration. In addition to migrating and proliferating for tissue regeneration, they produce a large amount of cytokines that modulate the inflammatory process. Previous studies have shown that subthermal treatment with radiofrequency (RF) currents used in capacitive resistive electric transfer (CRET) therapy promotes the proliferation of HaCat keratinocytes and modulates their cytokine production. Although physical therapies have been shown to have anti-inflammatory effects in a variety of experimental models and in patients, knowledge of the biological basis of these effects is still limited. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of CRET on keratinocyte proliferation, cytokine production (IL-8, MCP-1, RANTES, IL-6, IL-11), TNF-α secretion, and the expression of MMP9, MMP1, NF-κB, ERK1/2, and EGFR. Human keratinocytes (HaCat) were treated with an intermittent 448 kHz electric current (CRET signal) in subthermal conditions and for different periods of time. Cell proliferation was analyzed by XTT assay, cytokine and TNF-α production by ELISA, NF-κB expression and activation by immunofluorescence, and MMP9, MMP1, ERK1/2, and EGF receptor expression and activation by immunoblot. Compared to a control, CRET increases keratinocyte proliferation, increases the transient release of MCP-1, TNF-α, and IL-6 while decreasing IL-8. In addition, it modifies the expression of MMPs and activates EGFR, NF-κB, and ERK1/2 proteins. Our results indicate that CRET reasonably modifies cytokine production through the EGF receptor and the ERK1/2/NF-κB pathway, ultimately modulating the inflammatory response of human keratinocytes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study evaluated the efficacy of cooking processes in natural and forced convection systems, for ensuring microbiological safety in industrial‐scale ham production. The cold point of the tanks was determined by measuring the water temperature every 2 min, with a maximum variation of 1.4°C between different regions of the tanks. The calculation of the lethal value (Fcal) was carried out using Enterococcus faecalis as the target microorganism due to its high resistance to heat treatment. The cooking temperature was measured at the geometric center of the ham and, in both convection systems, it reached the Fref value (23.6 min), necessary to achieve a reduction of 8 log (8 D), with Fcal of 45.7 and 45 min of cooking in the natural and forced convection systems. Both convection systems achieved microbial reductions exceeding 15‐log cycles (15 D), surpassing regulatory requirements despite occasional core temperatures below standard thresholds. In both systems (natural and forced), the cold spot was found on the left side, at a lower height, and toward the front of the tank. After heat treatment, no microorganisms were detected in the ham cooked in natural or forced convection systems. Both systems (natural and forced convection) proved viable at an industrial scale, provided that appropriate cooking protocols are followed. Practical Applications: The practical applications of this study are significant for the food industry and regulatory bodies involved in food safety. These include quality assurance in ham production, food safety compliance, process optimization, risk mitigation, and guidance for industrial practices. Overall, this study has practical implications for improving food safety, quality control, and production efficiency in the ham industry. It fills a gap in validation studies on industrial‐scale ham cooking, providing valuable information for industry stakeholders and regulatory bodies alike. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Structural health monitoring (SHM) techniques aim to detect and prevent failures in constructions, although their use may require many sensors, which makes this technique expensive and laborious. In this sense, the use of self-sensing cementitious composites based on the piezoresistivity effect could be a solution to some monitoring problems. Thus, the evaluation of the piezoresistive effect is commonly performed by analyzing the linearity between mechanical forces and the variation of electrical resistivity, through the coefficient of determination (R2). However, this work has been used to perform the analysis through Pearson's correlation in samples of self-sensing cementitious composites with graphite addition. The results obtained have shown that Pearson's correlation has the potential to be used for the evaluation of the correlation between electrical resistivity and mechanical forces to verify the piezoresistive effect in the cases studied.

The existing studies on language uses and practices in Arab digital media mainly focus on few Mashreq countries and, as far as the Maghreb is concerned, mostly on Morocco and Algeria, while very limited attention has been devoted to other countries of the Arab West such as Tunisia. This paper will analyse some passages of news broadcasting taken from four Tunisian social media radio broadcasters, uploaded as videos on the Facebook pages of the selected radio stations, based in the Tunisian Sahel, i.e. Mahdia, Msaken, and Sousse. The data presented and analysed are taken from different information programmes. The aim is to try to describe and analyse the linguistic choices of the speakers, influenced by personal and contextual elements, such as the editorial line of a radio, in order to verify whether there is a general tendency among the radio stations or if some peculiarities can be identified. In particular, the role of Tunisian Arabic and Modern Standard Arabic will be highlighted, as well as that of any possible mixed varieties occurring in the examples offered.

Este artigo apresenta uma reflexão sobre a biblioteca escolar e a lei 12.244/2010, assinalando a educação como sendo atividade fundamental e integrante do fazer bibliotecário. Portanto, propôs-se como objetivo geral, discutir a importância do reconhecimento da função educativa das Bibliotecas nas Escolas, visando contribuir para o bom aprendizado dos alunos. E, como objetivos específicos evidenciar o papel das Instituições na educação escolar e seus respectivos gestores, ressaltar a importância do (a) bibliotecário (a) junto aos educadores e também analisar a Lei 12.244/2010 e seu impacto nas Bibliotecas escolares. Para isso, realizou-se pesquisa bibliográfica e documental. Considerou-se, portanto, que esta lei aparece como um instrumento para que a biblioteca escolar possa de fato existir de forma quantitativa e qualitativa em nosso país, fazendo com que se respeite ainda a profissão dos bibliotecários, mas que a oferta de bibliotecários para as bibliotecas escolares precisa ser a de profissionais qualificados e competentes na sua própria aprendizagem ao longo da vida. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: biblioteca escolar. Bibliotecário escolar. Gestor escolar. Competência informacional. Educação. Lei 12.244/10.

O artigo apresentou elementos para a discussão sobre a contribuição do gestor escolar na formação de alunos leitores, tendo como alternativa a contação de histórias. O objetivo geral é perceber a contribuição dos gestores escolares na formação de alunos leitores, incentivando a leitura na biblioteca. Foi realizada revisão bibliográfica sobre leitura e formação de alunos leitores, o papel do gestor na biblioteca escolar e contação de histórias dentro da biblioteca. Além disso, apresenta os dados e a análise de informações após aplicação de questionário, tendo como resultado a contribuição dos gestores escolares diretamente para a formação de alunos leitores e a conclusão da pesquisa com informações relevantes que visam contribuir com a otimização da pesquisa. Palavras-chave: Leitura. Contação de Histórias. Gestor Escolar. Biblioteca.