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Introduction: Metabolic syndrome represents a constellation of lipid risk factors and non lipid leading to the onset of cardiovascular disease, stroke, diabetes mellitus with implications on morbidity and mortality of these patients. Objective: To evaluate the behavior of metabolic syndrome in a group of randomly selected patients. Method: A descriptive study aimed at understanding the behavior of the metabolic syndrome in 129 patients attending the outpatient area of the Central Clinical Laboratory, General Hospital Dr. "Juan Bruno Zayas Alfonso" the city of Santiago de Cuba in the province of the same name in the period from January to June 2010. Results: A high percentage of the population studied was associated with the presence of cardiovascular risk factors with low HDL-C values in both male and female, 82.9% and 89.5% respectively, higher triglyceride, 81.6 % in females and 74.3% in males and over 50% of patients of both sexes expressed high levels of blood pressure both systolic and diastolic. There was a higher prevalence of metabolic syndrome in men with 63.6% of all male patients, in relation to women who also showed a high percentage (51.4%) in their prevalence. Conclusions: The association of risk factors that predominated in patients with metabolic syndrome was hypertriglyceridemia, hypertension and low HDL cholesterol. These results indicate that interventions should be undertaken and programs to encourage healthier lifestyle changes and preventive treatments that prevent the development of complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]