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Objectives: Underwater target recognition through simulation robot, or manual acquisition of seabed image data, the cost of sampling is high, the sample data obtained is limited, and the image quality is poor, and the data can be used for training is small. Methods: Aiming at this problem, this paper improves the algorithm based on yoov4, modifies its feature extraction backbone network, and proposes three kinds of YOLOV4 algorithms based on different Mobile net backbone networks to test the underwater target recognition in the case of small samples. In this paper, the real image of the seabed is used as the original data for training, and the data which is different from the training set is used for prediction. Result: Compared with the original YOLOV4 algorithm under the same conditions, the experimental results of MobilenetV1_YOLOV4 algorithm has the best MAP(86.04%) and FPS(52); and the histogram equalization method is used to enhance the image, which can be used as a further supplementary recognition of the missed target, and reduce the missed rate. Conclusions: The algorithm takes into account both lightweight and accuracy, and provides support for underwater target recognition in marine operation development and aquaculture

A knowledge graph is defined as a collection of interlinked descriptions of concepts, relationships, entities and events. Medical knowledge graphs have been the most recent advances in technology, therapy and medicine. Nowadays, a number of specific uses and applications rely on knowledge graphs. The application of the knowledge graph, another form of artificial intelligence (AI) in cardiology and cardiovascular medicine, is a new concept, and only a few studies have been carried out on this particular aspect. In this brief literature review, the use and importance of disease-specific knowledge graphs in exploring various aspects of Kawasaki disease were described. A vision of individualized knowledge graphs (iKGs) in cardiovascular medicine was also discussed. Such iKGs would be based on a modern informatics platform of exchange and inquiry that could comprehensively integrate biologic knowledge with medical histories and health outcomes of individual patients. This could transform how clinicians and scientists discover, communicate and apply new knowledge. In addition, we also described how a study based on the comprehensive longitudinal evaluation of dietary factors associated with acute myocardial infarction and fatal coronary heart disease used a knowledge graph to show the dietary factors associated with cardiovascular diseases in Nurses' Health Study data. To conclude, in this fast-developing world, medical knowledge graphs have emerged as attractive methods of data storage and hypothesis generation. They could be a major and effective tool in cardiology and cardiovascular medicine and play an important role in reaching effective clinical decisions during treatment and management of patients in the cardiology department.

BACKGROUND: Remifentanil is a central acting µ-opioid receptor agonist used for balanced anesthesia and analgosedation. The effect of remifentanil on the bispectral index (BIS) and the Narcotrend index (NT) during general anesthesia is controversial. In this study, we investigated the effect of remifentanil on Electroencephalograph (EEG) under BIS and NT by administrating remifentanil alone to patients, as compared with propofol.METHODS: 30 patients were enrolled in this study randomized to receive target-controlled infusion of remifentanil (2-6 ng/ml) or propofol (2-5 µg/ml), respectively. The values of BIS, NT, vital signs and State of consciousness were recorded.RESULTS: All patients remained consciousness throughout remifentanil administration. However, a sharp decrease in NT was observed in each patient when CeREMI (remifentanil effect site concentration) achieved 4/6 ng/ml. With the increasing of CePRO (propofol effect site concentration), the patient's consciousness gradually reached an anesthetic state (P=0.000). The linear correlation analysis showed that both BIS and NT had a high correlation in predicting CePRO, while a low correlation in predicting CeREMI. The effect of remifentanil and propofol on EEG was different although NT/BIS index were at the same range. Remifentanil induced a significant increase in δ power of the EEG. In contrast, propofol resulted in increases of δ and α power.CONCLUSION: Our data demonstrated that when remifentanil is used alone for analgesia, neither NT nor BIS can accurately reflect the patient awareness, especially for NT. A single numerical index of NT or BIS can correspond to different EEG wave form as well as consciousness state.Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry, ChiCTR1900026874. 24/10/2019. https://www.chictr.org.cn/listbycreater.aspx

microRNA (miRNA) is a group of small non-coding RNA that plays important role in post-transcription of gene expression. With the studies about miRNA increase in sugarcane, the researchers lack an exhaustive resource to achieve the data. To fill this gap, we developed MicroSugar, a database that supported mRNA and miRNA annotation for sugarcane (http://suc.gene-db.com). MicroSugar is an integrated resource developed for 194,528 genes including 80,746 unigenes from long reads of Pacbio platform and 468 miRNAs from 72 samples. Internode elongation (jointing) is the key biological characteristic for the growth of sugarcane tillers into sugarcane stems. The present study combined the sequencing data from the different stages in internode elongation of stem and tiller. In total, the 14,300 3' untranslated region (UTR) sequences were extracted from the gene sequences and 3019 mRNAs as target of 327 miRNA were identified by miRanda algorithm and Spearman's Rho of expression levels. To determine the gene functions regulated by these miRNAs, the gene ontology enrichment analysis was performed and it confirmed that the over-represented Gene Ontology (GO) terms were associated with organism formation indicating the growth controlling function by miRNAs in sugarcane. Moreover, MicroSugar is a comprehensive and integrated database with a user-friendly responsive template. By browsing, searching and downloading of the nucleotide sequences, expression and miRNA targets, the user can retrieve information promptly. The database provides a valuable resource to facilitate the understanding of miRNA in sugarcane development and growth which will contribute to the study of sugarcane and other plants.

BackgroundRatoon sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) is susceptible to chlorosis, significantly reducing production. The molecular mechanism underlying this phenomenon remains unknown. We analyzed the transcriptome and metabolome of chlorotic and non-chlorotic sugarcane leaves from the same field to gain insight into the symptom. ResultsThe agronomic traits, like plant height, leaf number, stalk nod number, and tiller number, declined in chlorotic sugarcane. The chlorophyll content in chlorosis leaves was significantly lower than non-chlorotic leaves. A total of 11,776 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were discovered in transcriptome analysis. In the KEGG enriched chlorophyll metabolism pathway, sixteen DEGs were found, eleven of which were down-regulated. Two photosynthesis pathways were also enriched, with 32 genes downregulated and four genes upregulated. Among the 81 enriched GO biological processes, there were four categories related to metal ion homeostasis and three related to metal ion transport. Approximately 400 metabolites were identified in metabolome analysis. The thirteen classified differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) were found all down-regulated. The phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway was enriched in DEGs and DEMs, indicating phenylpropanoids' vital role in chlorosis. ConclusionsAccording to our study, chlorophyll production, metal ion metabolism, photosynthesis, and some secondary metabolites of the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway, were considerably altered in chlorotic ratoon sugarcane. Our finding revealed the relation between chlorosis and these pathways, which would further the understanding of the mechanism of ratoon sugarcane chlorosis.

Background Ratoon sugarcane is susceptible to chlorosis, characterized by chlorophyll loss, poor growth, and a multitude of nutritional deficiency mainly occurring at young stage. Chlorosis would significantly reduce the cane production. The molecular mechanism underlying this phenomenon remains unknown. We analyzed the transcriptome and metabolome of chlorotic and non-chlorotic sugarcane leaves of the same age from the same field to gain molecular insights into this phenomenon. Results The agronomic traits, such as plant height and the number of leaf, stalk node, and tillers declined in chlorotic sugarcane. Chlorotic leaves had substantially lower chlorophyll content than green leaves. A total of 11,776 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were discovered in transcriptome analysis. In the KEGG enriched chlorophyll metabolism pathway, sixteen DEGs were found, eleven of which were down-regulated. Two photosynthesis pathways were also enriched with 32 genes downregulated and four genes up-regulated. Among the 81 enriched GO biological processes, there were four categories related to metal ion homeostasis and three related to metal ion transport. Approximately 400 metabolites were identified in metabolome analysis. The thirteen differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) were all found down-regulated. The phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway was enriched in DEGs and DEMs, indicating a potentially vital role for phenylpropanoids in chlorosis. Conclusions Chlorophyll production, metal ion metabolism, photosynthesis, and some metabolites in the phenylpropanoid biosynthesis pathway were considerably altered in chlorotic ratoon sugarcane leaves. Our finding revealed the relation between chlorosis and these pathways, which will help expand our mechanistic understanding of ratoon sugarcane chlorosis.

With the continuous development and advancement of China’s social economy, electronic information technology has begun to penetrate into various fields of real life. Nowadays, electronic information technology has become an indispensable key technology. Applying this technology to industrial electrical automation not only can bring faster and more convenient technology to industrial production, but also can help the development of industrial production automation control, so it has been widely used in the industrial industry. In this article, we mainly analyze the overview of electronic information technology and its application significance in industrial electrical automation, and then put forward the practical application and innovative measures of electronic information technology in industrial electrical automation, hoping to provide reference help for relevant personnel.With the continuous development and advancement of China’s social economy, electronic information technology has begun to penetrate into various fields of real life. Nowadays, electronic information technology has become an indispensable key technology. Applying this technology to industrial electrical automation not only can bring faster and more convenient technology to industrial production, but also can help the development of industrial production automation control, so it has been widely used in the industrial industry. In this article, we mainly analyze the overview of electronic information technology and its application significance in industrial electrical automation, and then put forward the practical application and innovative measures of electronic information technology in industrial electrical automation, hoping to provide reference help for relevant personnel.

With the improvement of the level of economic development, people’s economic income has been promoted, and the quality of life has also been demanded. People have begun to pay attention to the pursuit of intelligent and refined lifestyles, which has led to the development of intelligent technology in various industries. The application of intelligent technology in these industries has pointed out the direction for the development of intelligent technology. At present, due to the limitations of the development of electrical engineering automation, it is necessary to introduce new technologies to promote the further development of electrical engineering automation. The application of intelligent technology has a significant role in electrical engineering automation, which is conducive to enhancing the understanding and research of intelligent technology. This paper mainly analyzes the application of intelligent technology in electrical engineering automation, and tries to promote the integration of intelligent and electrical engineering automation.

Although the combination of chemotherapy and surgical resection has effectively increased the survival rate of colorectal cancer patients in recent decades, acquired drug resistance is still a problem that leads to treatment failure. Dihydroartemisinin (DHA), a semisynthetic derivative of artemisinin, has recently been reported to show anticancer effects against numerous types of cancer, including colorectal cancer. This study showed that DHA exerted a strong anticancer effect against several colorectal cancer cell lines. We also found that p53 knockout colorectal cancer HCT116 cells (HCT116 TP53−/−) were not sensitive to 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) treatment, unlike wild-type HCT116 cells. Interestingly, co-treatment with DHA could effectively restore the anticancer effect of 5-FU against HCT116 TP53−/− cells, which manifested as the inhibition of proliferation and induction of reactive oxygen species (ROS)-mediated apoptosis and was accompanied by the upregulation of B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2) and downregulation of the BCL-2-associated X protein (BAX). These findings suggested that DHA could effectively sensitize cells to 5-FU through ROS-mediated apoptosis and the alteration of the BCL-2/BAX expression ratio, which indicated that this may be one of the mechanisms of the DHA-promoted 5-FU anticancer effect.

Purpose. Sevoflurane, one of the most used general anesthetics, is widely used in clinical practice all over the world. Previous studies indicated that sevoflurane could induce neuron apoptosis and neural deficit causing query in the safety of anesthesia using sevoflurane. The present study was designed to investigate the effects of sevoflurane on electrophysiology inDrosophilapupa whose excitatory neurotransmitter is acetylcholine early after sevoflurane exposure using whole brain recording technique.Methods. Wide types ofDrosophila(canton-s flies) were allocated to control and sevoflurane groups randomly. Sevoflurane groups (1% sevoflurane; 2% sevoflurane; 3% sevoflurane) were exposed to sevoflurane and the exposure lasted 5 hours, respectively. All flies were subjected to electrophysiology experiment using patch clamp 24 hours after exposure.Results. The results showed that, 24 hours after sevoflurane exposure, frequency but not the amplitude of miniature excitatory postsynaptic currents (mEPSCs) was significantly reducedP<0.05. Furthermore, we explored the underlying mechanism and found that calcium currents density, which partially regulated the frequency of mEPSCs, was significantly reduced after sevoflurane exposureP<0.05.Conclusions. All these suggested that sevoflurane could alter the mEPSCs that are related to synaptic plasticity partially through modulating calcium channel early after sevoflurane exposure.

Exposure to volatile anesthetics has been reported to cause temporary or sustained impairments in learning and memory in pre-clinical studies. The selective antagonists of the histamine H3 receptors (H3R) are considered to be a promising group of novel therapeutic agents for the treatment of cognitive disorders. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of H3R antagonist ciproxifan on isoflurane-induced deficits in an object recognition task. Adult C57BL/6 J mice were exposed to isoflurane (1.3 %) or vehicle gas for 2 h. The object recognition tests were carried at 24 h or 7 days after exposure to anesthesia to exploit the tendency of mice to prefer exploring novel objects in an environment when a familiar object is also present. During the training phase, two identical objects were placed in two defined sites of the chamber. During the test phase, performed 1 or 24 h after the training phase, one of the objects was replaced by a new object with a different shape. The time spent exploring each object was recorded. A robust deficit in object recognition memory occurred 1 day after exposure to isoflurane anesthesia. Isoflurane-treated mice spent significantly less time exploring a novel object at 1 h but not at 24 h after the training phase. The deficit in short-term memory was reversed by the administration of ciproxifan 30 min before behavioral training. Isoflurane exposure induces reversible deficits in object recognition memory. Ciproxifan appears to be a potential therapeutic agent for improving post-anesthesia cognitive memory performance.

Acupuncture, a traditional Chinese therapeutic method, has been widely used in clinical practice to treat diseases such as stroke, Bell's palsy, Alzheimer disease, Parkinson diseases, dysmenorrhea and chronic pain. Mounting lab data had suggested that electro-acupuncture could alleviate dementia and restore long term potentiation of hippocampus in rat. Clinical data also indicated that electro-acupuncture could improve electrical activity of brain in vascular dementia patients. However, its biological basis and acute effects on hippocampal long term potentiation (LTP) remain not well understood. Therefore, we sought to investigate whether acute electro-acupuncture (acupoints: ST36 and SP6; continuous wave, 2 mV, 2Hz; lasted 20 min) could enhance LTP of perforant path-dentate gyrus granule cells in anesthetized rat and explore its underlying mechanisms. We found that electro-acupuncture could significantly increase PS2/PS1 in pair pulse test (p p

Diamond spherical shell films with different methane concentrations were deposited by DC plasma jet CVD method. The morphology, impurities, internal fiber texture and surface roughness of diamond film were investigated by scanning electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and roughness profile meter respectively. The results show that, at the beginning of diamond nucleation, diamond crystallites orientation was random, and influence of CH 4 concentration was negligible. At a low CH 4 concentration (1%) and the substrate temperature of 850 °C, high quality diamond film was prepared. The film structure was polycrystalline and (111) face was dominant. When CH 4 concentration was increased, diamond film has more local clusters, amorphous graphite. Thus, higher CH 4 concentration has negative influence on preparing high quality diamond film.

Astragalus membranaceus, also known as huang qi, a traditional Chinese medicine, is often used in formulas for deficiency of vital energy characterized by limb weakness, pale face, and dizziness. Previous studies have shown that Astragalus membranaceus could attenuate intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury induced by hemorrhagic shock in rats; however, the underlying mechanism still remains unclear. Using a hemorrhagic shock rat model to examine the effect of Astragalus membranaceus on intestinal mucosa injury induced by ischemia-reperfusion, we found that treatment (20 g crude drugs/kg, i.v.) produced antioxidative effects in the intestinal mucosa of rats after ischemia-reperfusion (p < 0.05). We also found that Astragalus membranaceus could partly attenuate intestinal mucosa ischemia-reperfusion injury (chiu's score, apoptosis index p < 0.05). These results suggest that Astragalus membranaceus reduces intestinal mucosa injury induced by ischemia-reperfusion in rats, at least in part, through its anti-oxidative effects.