Search

Introduction. Crohn's disease is a chronic inflammatory condition that may affect any segment of the digestive tract, from the mouth to the anus, and belongs to the group of inflammatory intestinal diseases (IID). Diagnosis is based on clinical, biochemical, endoscopic, radiological, and histopathological correlation. Magnetic resonance enterography is a non-invasive diagnostic method that does not use ionizing radiation and complements the diagnosis of Crohn's disease; it provides information on the extent, degree of inflammation, and possible complications. It plays an important role in classification and surgical planning. Objective. Describe findings by magnetic resonance enterography in Crohn's disease and conduct a review of the specialized literature. Material and methods. A cross-sectional, descriptive study was conducted. All patients with Crohn's disease who were admitted for consultation at the Salvador Zubiran National Institute of Medical Science and Nutrition Department of Gastroenterology Inflammatory Intestinal Disease Clinic, in the period October 2011 through April 2012 were included. All the patients underwent clinical evaluation, laboratory studies, and magnetic resonance enterography. Results. Magnetic resonance enterography found signs of active disease in 46.6% of the patients. The most common manifestations were wall thickening (80%), alteration of mucosal pattern (73%), and reinforcement of the wall (60%). The segment most commonly involved was the ileum (60%). Conclusions. Magnetic resonance may provide anatomic details, functional observations, and information in real time without the use of ionizing radiation in evaluation of Crohn's disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: We aimed to characterize the clinical and radiological features, and outcomes, of a large cohort of hypertrophic pachymeningitis (HP) patients from a single center., Methods: We conducted a retrospective study at a tertiary referral center, encompassing patients diagnosed with HP between 2003 and 2022. The diagnosis of HP relied on the identification of thickening of the dura mater via magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain or spine., Results: We included 74 patients with a mean age of 43.6 ± 14.2 years, of whom 37 (50%) were male. Among them, 32 (43.2%) had an immune-mediated origin, including 21 with granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) (predominantly PR3-ANCA positive), four with systemic lupus erythematosus, three with IgG4-related disease, three with idiopathic HP, and one with rheumatoid arthritis. Non-immune-mediated HP accounted for 45 cases (56.8%). Within this category, 21 (28.4%) were infectious cases, with 14 being Mycobacterium tuberculosis infection (TB-HP), and 21 (28.4%) were malignancy-associated HP. Clinical and MRI characteristics exhibited variations among the four etiological groups. Hypoglycorrhachia was primarily observed in infectious and malignancy-associated HP. Immune-mediated HP was associated with a peripheral pattern of contrast enhancement and the Eiffel-by-night sign. MRI features strongly indicative of TB-HP included leptomeningeal involvement, brain parenchymal lesions, and arterial stroke. MPO-ANCA GPA was associated with a higher prevalence of spinal HP., Conclusions: Within our cohort, GPA and Mycobacterium tuberculosis emerged as the predominant causes of HP. We identified significant disparities in clinical and radiological features among different etiologies, which could have implications for diagnosis., (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the British Society for Rheumatology. All rights reserved. For permissions, please email: journals.permissions@oup.com.)

Background: The complications of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), the clinical entity caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), are not limited to the respiratory system. Leukoencephalopathy with microbleeds is increasingly seen in patients with COVID-19. New information is needed to delineate better the clinical implications of this infectious disease., Case Report: A 46-year-old man with confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection was admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) with severe COVID-19. After transfer to the general wards, the patient was noted drowsy, disorientated, with slow thinking and speech. A brain MRI showed bilateral symmetrical hyperintense lesions in the deep and subcortical whiter matter, involving the splenium of the corpus callosum, as well as multiple microhemorrhages implicating the splenium and subcortical white matter. No contrast-enhanced lesions were observed in brain CT or MRI. CSF analysis showed no abnormalities, including a negative rtRT-PCR for SARS-CoV-2. An outpatient follow-up visit showed near-complete clinical recovery and resolution of the hyperintense lesions on MRI, without microbleeds change., Conclusion: We present the case of a survivor of severe COVID-19 who presented diffuse posthypoxic leukoencephalopathy, and microbleeds masquerading as acute necrotizing encephalopathy. We postulate that this kind of cerebral vasogenic edema with microbleeds could be the consequence of hypoxia, inflammation, the prothrombotic state and medical interventions such as mechanical ventilation and anticoagulation.

The heterotopic pregnancy is a combination of an intra-uterine and extra-uterine pregnancy, at the same time. The spontaneous heterotopic pregnancy is a rare illness with an estimated frequency below one per 20,000 and one per 30,000. The first case was reported in France by Duverney in 1708 during an autopsy. The frequency of this pregnancy has increased with the implementation of assisted reproduction techniques. This paper is the report of a case of spontaneous heterotopic pregnancy seen at the Angeles Mexico Hospital. A 32 year old woman, gravida 1; dilatation and curettage was performed on 13th February because of a blighted ovum, a lot of products of conception were obtained. The patient was discharged the next day only with analgesics. She returns to the emergency room on February 16th with hypovolemic shock and acute abdomen. A normocitic normocromic anemia was found on the hematic biometry, the transvaginal ultrasound reported amount of blood in the cul-de-sac, echogenic adnexal mass, suggesting a gestational sac with embryo. An emergency laparotomy was used to perform a left cornual resection; the findings were 600 cc of hemoperitoneum and a left ruptured ectopic pregnancy. She had an uneventful postoperative course, and was discharged 72 hours later without complications. Heterotopic pregnancy is a rare illness and must always be considered for the increase in pregnancy related with assisted reproduction techniques, although, it should be considered in a spontaneous pregnancy too.