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The article discusses the main directions of innovative design used to develop projects for public and recreational spaces in creativity universities taking into account their specifics. The concept of a social and recreational space is defined as possessing the potential for providing both educational and creative opportunities to students of architecture and art universities. The leading directions in this type of design are the concept of a “third place”, “biophilic” design associated with the paradigm of sustainable development, and the concept of transformable space. Advanced foreign and domestic design techniques and methods for creating multifunctional spaces that have the qualities of friendliness, psycho-emotional and physical comfort are analyzed.

The article is devoted to the artist of the Russian emigre artistic circle Eugene E. Klimoff (1901–1990). A committed realist, as a painter and graphic artist, Klimoff worked in the field of landscape and portrait. The artist’s creative heritage includes many portraits of representatives of Russian artistic emigre circles, cultural and scientific figures, as well as landscapes of those places in which he happened to live during his life. These landscapes are autobiographical and belong to the category of historical evidence, acquiring special value after a hundred of years. A significant part of the landscapes is executed in the technique of lithography, and the attention of this article is focused on them. At the same time, the landscapes by Klimoff are analysed not only from the point of view of a modern art critic but also from that of his contemporaries. This perspective became possible due to Klimoff’s extensive correspondence with many famous Russian artists in exile, including Alexandre Benois, Zinaida Serebryakova, Mstislav Dobuzhinsky, and others. Klimoff’s activities in various fields of art pursued a specific goal — the promotion of Russian art in its entirety in those cities and countries where he happened to stay. He became one of the founders of the cultural and educational society “Akropol” in Latvia, and in 1932 became its executive secretary; in 1940, he headed the Russian Department at the Riga Art Museum. In different countries of the world, Klimoff painted churches and restored church murals; he also gave public lectures on ancient Russian icon painting, subsequently expanding a variety of lecture topics and including Russian fine art of the 18th, 19th, and 20th centuries, including the work of his Russian contemporaries. At the same time, Klimoff’s activities as an educator began to spread in another direction — towards homeland, for which he carefully preserved not only his and his circle artists’ works but also memories of them in a form of correspondence with famous Russian culture and art personalities.

In this paper, we assess geotourism potential of sandstone rock formations in the Outer Eastern Carpathians on the territory of Ukraine. We focus on the seven sites with sandstone rock outcrops, which are popular among hikers due to their aesthetic attractiveness and historic significance. Applying the two well-acknowledged methods of geotourism potential assessment, namely the Geosite Assessment Model (GAM) and the Brilha method, we evaluate significance of the selected rock formations as geological and geomorphological sites, which can be valuable for scientific and educational use as well. In the process of the analysis, we compare the assessment methods in terms of how complementary or contradictory results they may render if they are applied simultaneously to the same cases. We find that sandstone rock outcrops in the Ukrainian part of the Outer Eastern Carpathians are underexplored as geotourism attractions and more scientific attention is required to those and similar sites in the area to fully appreciate their potential.

Introduction. The modern Russian education system is dominated by the attitude to consider non-adaptive aspects of the child’s behavior in the context of the problem. Meanwhile, it can be presented in a different way: in the aspect of insufficient development of certain social skills in a child. It is important to diagnose the presence of these shortcomings and resolve them at primary school age. Of particular relevance is the study of the social skills of children from dysfunctional families and families of the “risk group”. Theoretical analysis. In theoretical terms, the behavioral and psychological problems of younger students are considered in the context of insufficient development of their social skills. Mastering the latter, teaching correct behavior, we regard as a way to resolve the problems that a child has. Empirical analysis. The paper summarizes the results of an empirical study of the characteristics of social adaptation, the structure and level of formation of social skills of younger schoolchildren (N = 65), from families of the “risk group” (M = 8.65 years; N = 31) and children from socially well-off families (M = 9.81 years; N = 34). Social skills were studied using B. Furman’s methodology; features of the child’s socio-psychological adaptation – using the methodology of E. M. Aleksandrovskaya. Conclusion. Statistically significant differences were revealed in terms of indicators of social adaptation (goal-setting, moral and ethical readiness, behavior outside the classroom, relationships with classmates, attitude towards the teacher, emotional well-being) and indicators of the formation of a number of individual social skills of children from families of the “risk group” and children of the control group. The similarity of indicators of general group skills in two groups of younger schoolchildren was found. The applied aspect of the problem under study is related to the possibility of using the results in the development of psychological work programs with younger students.

Introduction. The education of tolerance has been of interest to scientists since ancient times. Theoretical analysis. A comparative analysis allows us to conclude that the concept of “tolerance” should be defined from different positions: some researchers emphasize the idea of mutual respect and equality, others underline not so much respect and tolerance for other people, regardless of race, religion, social status, etc., but more the influence of tolerance on the process of human socialization; others pay special attention to the spiritual component of the concept of tolerance, referring tolerance to the criteria of moral upbringing of the individual. Consideration of the problem of tolerance education made it possible to identify the mechanisms of its development. Conclusion. In order to form a tolerant attitude towards Russian culture in foreign students, it is necessary to develop their interest in Russian culture and teach them to adequately understand the unfamiliar surrounding reality, to be able to focus on appropriate behavior and communication in the Russian-speaking society. The formation of a tolerant attitude towards Russian culture is influenced by classes in Culture of Speech, in which emotionally colored situations of creativity and communication should be used. The most important components of the tolerant attitude of foreign students to Russian culture are the culture of speech and communication.

Priority directions in developing biomedicine and nutrition are aimed at improving nutrition through the creation of combined food products with the optimal content of essential substances. Foods with a high concentration of nutrients and low moisture content should act as nutritional support in preventive medicine. In the process of research, technological solutions have been developed that preserve the native potential of vegetables and fruits, providing the maximum concentration of substances to create nutritional support for the human body in various conditions. The safety of food components labile in the technological process (chlorophyll, quercetin flavonol and the total amount of phenolic compounds) has been studied on the example of vegetable biscuits (in the initial raw material composition and in the finished product). The studies have been carried out by reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography on a Dionex Ultimate 3000 chromatograph (Thermo Scientific, USA). The selected dehydration method meets the requirements for the preservation of biologically active substances and allows one to control the rate of dehydration, minimize the loss of active components and ensure the invariance of the native properties of the raw material (preservation of the structure of the cell membrane inherent in the organoleptic characteristics of the raw material), structural and mechanical characteristics of the product acceptable to the consumer.

At present, the focus is on solving the urgent problem of reliable performance of power system elements and ensuring their efficient operation during mining. A methodological approach is considered that allows assessing the reliability level of low-voltage asynchronous electric motors in a coal mine with difficult geological and climatic mining conditions. The object of the study is asynchronous electric motors used at one of the enterprises of Siberian Coal Energy Company (SUEK) in Trans-Baikal territory. The main tool for implementing the research objectives was program MATLAB/Simulink. The purpose of the article is to study the influence of external operational factors on the service life of an asynchronous electric motor with a squirrel-cage rotor. A comprehensive solution to issues aimed at maintaining the reliability level of asynchronous electric motors is one of the priority areas, mainly aimed at ensuring the effective functioning of a coal mining enterprise.

It would be beneficial to consider ways to preserve afforestation belts in arid conditions due to climate change. It was observed that the most favorable conditions for growth were present in the extreme rows (windward and lee) in forest protection belts of Siberian larch, squat elm, and black poplar. This is reflected in the maximum tree size and density. The intensity of thinning along the rows may vary depending on the age of the plantation and the tree species.

Forests disturbances by pests and diseases remains one of the major problems for forestry. These factors, combined with logging, fires and other human impacts, lead to degradation of forest ecosystems. Nowadays, forest health in Russia is assessed using forest inventory data and state forest health monitoring data. At the beginning of the 2020s, the Siberian silkmoth (Dendrolimus superans sibiricus Tscetv.) population continues to rise and damage taiga forests. The present study is dedicated to one of the methods for improving forest health monitoring. The method is based on remote sensing (in order to cover large forest areas), combined with GIS-based forecast models. The models make it possible to predict the risk of the Siberian silkmoth outbreak based on previously studied dependences between the pest population characteristics and environmental factors.

The article highlights some issues related to the topic of sustainable growth of modern companies. In general, this topic is quite broad and is not limited to the activities of companies. It is also about how to ensure sustainable growth in the global economy in the near future and in the long term. For this purpose, the states are joining their efforts to control harmful emissions into the atmosphere, ensuring clean seas and oceans, preserving forests from fires, etc. And if we bear in mind that without the direct participation of business -public and private -it is impossible to cope with this problem, then all companies should build their strategy in such a way as to contribute to this multifaceted programme. The article discusses modern concepts to ensure the growth of companies operating in a difficult economic and political environment. According to the given calculation algorithms, the indicators of sustainable and optimal growth of three Russian public joint stock companies, Severstal, NLMK, and MMK, are determined and evaluated for the period from 2019 to 2021.

Radiation-induced processes in germ reproductive cells, as well as the effect of low doses of radiation on the reproductive potential of farm animals remain poorly studied. Assessing the radiation effects of low doses on gametes and early embryos will reveal biological features that are important for assisted reproductive technologies in animal husbandry. In addition, the study of the processes of maturation and fertilization of irradiated gametes and the subsequent development of early preimplantation embryos will make it possible to update measures to protect the health and reproductive potential of farm animals in conditions of technogenic radiation risks. In this study, we focused on analyzing the effects of irradiation on the ovaries of cattle and examining the consequences of this exposure on embryo development under in vitro fertilization conditions. We used X-ray radiation of different dose rates with an absorbed dose of 100 mGy. The research results showed a decrease in the frequency of blastocyst formation in all experimental groups of embryos obtained from oocytes of irradiated ovaries. The data obtained can serve as a scientific basis for the development of measures to preserve the reproductive potential of farm animals under technogenic radiation risks, as well as for further search of ways to improve assisted reproductive technologies in animal husbandry.

In view of practical significance of modern electronics, the study of the impact of electromagnetic radiation (EMR) on biological systems is relevant. Electromagnetic waves influence on reproductive function, affecting gametes, embryo and fetus development. However, there is still much that needs to be learned about this topic. Not all mechanisms of EMR influence on reproductive cells and tissues are known. As part of this study, an analysis of the effect of low-intensity technogenic electromagnetic exposure on bovine embryos was carried out. The goal was to identify the possible effect of EMR on cells and embryos undergoing gene editing in vitro. The results of this study did not show a significant decrease in the level of blastocyst formation in all experimental groups of embryos. The obtained data can serve as a scientific basis for assessing the impact of non-ionizing radiation as a technogenic factor on the reproduction of agricultural livestock.

The research was carried out on the experimental field of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education of the Smolensk State Agricultural Academy in 2021-2023. The object of study was the Smolyanochka potato variety with different planting patterns, nutritional area and background mineral fertilizers. In our studies, depending on the dose of mineral fertilizers, the yield ranged from 25.7 to 52.8 t/ha and it was highest in the intensive background variants (N90P120K120) with the use of Vitanol and the complex use of Vitanol and Aminotal root - 50.8-52, 8 t/ha. Also, the use of these drugs leads to an increase in the formation of stolons from 77 to 78%, which is 5-16% higher than options without fertilizing. It has been established that the optimal feeding area for obtaining maximum yield for the Smolyanochka potato variety is 0.21 - 0.27 m2; its further reduction or increase leads to a decrease in yield. The highest yield of the seed fraction of the potato variety Smolyanochka was obtained with the schemes 70x20 (27.3 t/ha) and 80x20 (27.4 t/ha) with a multiplication factor of 7-8. At the same time, a commercial fraction yield of 74-96% was obtained with sparse planting schemes and a feeding area of 0.21-0.35 m2.

Improving the quality of life through increased well-being is the goal of many modern people. An increase in income through the formation of a habit to raise the standard of living and an appropriate attitude leads people to increase consumption, which in turn can negatively affect the environmental situation. A deterrent to the negative impact of an increase in the standard of living is adherence to stable habits and attitudes that people may have formed during the period when their financial condition was at a lower level. The article presents the results of a study of the stable habits and attitudes of Russian-speaking members of the international investor club aimed at increasing their own financial flow, standard of living, and quality of life. The results showed that more than 70% of respondents correlate their habits and behavior with the impact they have on the world around them, and more than 90% note the presence of habits and attitudes of sustainable behavior. The results of the study show that the formation of the psychological attitude "I am worthy" has a positive impact on the environmental behavior of people aimed at improving their own well-being.

The work is based on materials from 15 sample plots laid out in mixed spruce stands of the Yenisei Ridge, with a relative completeness in the range of 1.62-1.27, belonging to the green moss group of forest types. Based on the data obtained, the features of changes in spruce species heights and their interdependence with other taxation characteristics were established. The results of data processing indicate the need to develop a set of taxation standards for the Yenisei Ridge region.

The possibilities of introducing honeysuckle berries into the plant-based functional product being developed as a component that enriches its composition are discussed basing on initial results of an experimental evaluation of the introduction of original lozenges based into the diet of laboratory animals (rats). The lozenges were prepared using apple pulp with the addition of mixed berries of five honeysuckle varieties (Berel, Sinichka, Moskovskaya M103 (L. caеrulea varieties), Kamchadalka and Chelyabinka (L. kamtschatica varieties). the most variable for used berries was the sugar content in the juice (from 8 to 11%), somewhat less the content of the ash component and the amount of phenolic compounds differed, but dry matter content (about 12% for all varieties) was similar. The highest polyphenols accumulation was detected for Sinichka variety (8.3 mg/g fresh fruit weight). The two-month consumption of functional lozenges with honeysuckle in a volume of 50% of the daily diet led to a decrease in systolic pressure in the experimental group of rats by 19% compared to the control. Also this diet resulted in less weight gain in experimental animals, their body weight was 30% less than that of control rats after a two-month exposure.

The work is devoted to improving the processes of digital technologies introduction in the field of the gas supply system on a methodological basis to enhance efficiency and reliability. The goal set in the study is to increase the reliability of the gas supply system of facilities based on the practical effectiveness of the digital technologies. This aim is achieved by solving the following tasks. Improving the methodology for assessing digital transformation in the field of gas supply. Application of the method of system analysis for the research, generalization of existing mathematical models and digital technologies. Identification of the modules of the main tasks for the implementation of an integrated method for improving the reliability of the gas supply system. The question of the criterion evaluation of the achievement of digitalization indicators is considered. So at the present stage, the digital technologies have already been introduced into the field of the gas supply, but the concepts of the basic level are not methodically defined. The most significant result is the improvement of the practical methodology for assessing digital transformation for the gas supply. A study of the current level of activity of gas distribution organizations shows a nonuniform level of the digital indicators for consumers and industrial facilities. The effectiveness of digital technologies is assessed taking into account the volume of gas consumption. The effect on economy, manufacturability and safety performance was made according to expert estimates and on the statistical data basis. The results of a multi-level modular-functional approach in estimation the digitalization of the effect were presented for the basic economically justified and promising level of the gas-supply digital transformation.

Nowadays the problem of chronic inflammatory periodontal diseases provokes great interest, especially when it comes to young patients. There are many such cases in Ukraine – 50–80% of young people and 100% of patients older than 40 years. Some authors underline the influence of numerous factors on the origin and development of periodontal disease. The studies in this field identified the main factors, including occlusion and microcirculation disorders in the periodontal tissues. Inflammatory and destructive processes in the periodontium cause long-term occlusal disorders, which themselves can be formed in the presence of muscular and joint dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint. The level of oral hygiene plays a significant role in the condition of periodontal tissues on the background of muscular and joint dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint, especially in young people, when it comes to the chronic localized periodontitis. The aim of the study was to study the level of oral hygiene and the condition of periodontal tissues in young patients with muscular and joint dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint. Objects and methods of research. 95 patients aged 18 to 44 years were examined, 3 groups were formed: the control group – almost healthy individuals (n=29) and individuals with localized periodontitis on the background of muscular and joint dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint, the main group (n=34) and the comparison group (n=32). The level of oral hygiene was determined according to the OHI-S index, and the condition of periodontal tissues using the periodontal index (A. L. Russel). Results and conclusions. A satisfactory oral hygiene, accompanied by inflammation of periodontal tissues as a mild localized periodontitis, and in isolated cases – the initial stage of the generalized periodontitis, which to some extent caused by long-term formation of muscular and joint dysfunction of the temporomandibular joint, which leads to failure of the coordinated function of the masticatory muscles and, as a consequence, forms localized areas of periodontal inflammation, even with a satisfactory oral hygiene.

The problem of studying the socio-psychological characteristics of criminals who have committed violent and self-serving violent crimes is extremely relevant. This is due to its insufficient study, the high prevalence of convicts of this category in the population of convicts, the ability to understand the causes and origins of their criminal behavior. The aim of the research is to study the sociopsychological characteristics of convicts who have committed violent and self-serving violent crimes. According to the results obtained, the acceptance of responsibility for the committed crime is associated with the age of the offender (young convicts are more likely to attribute the blame for the committed criminal act to external circumstances). First-time convicts tend to deny the need for social support and show less desire for social contacts; their perception of life goals is less conscious, life is less meaningful compared to repeat offenders. The greater orientation of repeat offenders to social interaction and the perception of their own life as meaningful are considered as associated with the conscious acceptance of criminal values and the commission of criminal acts. The features of the relations of convicts in the parental family are related to the parameters of their further life: constructive employment at the time of detention, the level of education, the available family status, the severity of the crime committed.

The study presents an overview of word stress variation in global English, arranged according to Kachruvian circles. The “inner circle” description is based on dictionaries and corpora data. The main distinctions between American English and British English in stress placement (2.5% of polysyllabic words) are also reflected in Canadian, Australian and New Zealand varieties, supplemented in each case by identifying national features (around 24% of the lexicon). American English is noted for an iambic pattern in disyllables of French origin. Canadian English demonstrated a slightly higher percentage of American patterns than British (41.7 vs. 36.1%) and a number of original Canadian ones (22.2%), predominantly with secondary stresses. In Australian data British patterns are more common than American (46.6% vs. 29.7%), while specific Australian ones account for 23.7%. New Zealand variety developed a greater number of secondary stresses, whereas Australian English ignored most of them. In the “outer circle” indigenized varieties of South-Asian region, like India and Singapore, are distinct from African varieties in Cameroon and Nigeria. In educated Indian English patterns common with the British standard account for 70% of stresses, while 30% bear the traces of the substrata, being particularly quantity-sensitive. Cameroonian and Nigerian Englishes shift stress either following the recessive tendency without exceptions or the “forward” one. Apart from differences in stress placement speakers of New Englishes are characterized by their choice of prominence cues. The “expanding circle” is still more diverse, as is manifested by Mandarin Chinese English with tone replacing stress, and “Russian Englishes”, defined as possessing a quantitative-qualitative stress. Implications for intercultural communication are suggested.

The unique body of materials collected by the Soviet ethnographer and the North scholar I.S. Gurvich (1919–1992) in places of compact residence of the indigenous peoples of Yakutia (the Yukagir expedition of 1959) for the first time determined scientific interest in the problem of medical anthropology, which reflected original ideas about diseases and health as a vital unity (body and soul), as well as symbolic “charging” of medical practices. The purpose of this research is an attempt to understand the spiritual experience of the peoples of Yakutia in the context of social, epidemiological, and climatic disasters. An interpretation of the visual image of epidemics in the traditional worldview of the indigenous peoples of Yakutia is given. The main object of this research, which reconciles the past and present, is the traditional world of long-lasting “perception” and “experience” of mass epidemics by indigenous people of the North. The methodological innovation of the paper is the study of colonial diseases in the framework of social and cognitive anthropology. With the example of local ideas about diseases and treatment in different ethnic communities of North Asia (the Yakuts, Evens, and Yukagirs), we analyze a complex socio-cultural phenomenon that emerged in the 17th century from the historical contacts between local and foreign origin cultures. The cultural dimension of the epidemic diseases within the borders of the Arctic circle, based on the historical and ethnographic sources of the Northern expeditions of the Soviet ethnologist I.S. Gurvich, is the first attempt of the cognitive analysis, the image of the disease and symbolic strategies for its prevention. A broad semiotic analysis of the concept of disease in the indigenous peoples of the Arctic at the level of linguistic, historical, mythological, folklore and ritual texts allowed us to identify the original layer of demonological representations associated with mass epidemics and symbolic strategies for their prevention. Cultural codes of the demonic character-disease (space, color, object, action, ritual) are identified. Sacred practices of influencing the disease were expressed in the following ways: foresight; conciliation; gifting/redemption; deception techniques; and deliverance. Diseases are personified and encoded using certain characters. Obviously, the semiotic system serving the image of disease in the framework of the local ethno-cultural traditions reflected the local specifics.

The study provides linguistic data and sociocultural interpretation of distinctive phonetic features found in comparative analysis of two East-Asian languages through the prism of accented Korean English and Mandarin Chinese English. Starting with vowels, consonants and phonotactics which are well accounted for in linguistic and pedagogical literature, the present authors focus on their own research in the prosody of the English varieties selected for identification: the Korean English and the Mandarin Chinese English. Distinctive prosodic features are found in the temporal characteristics, rhythm and pitch patterns of boundary tones. The results may be practically applied in teaching the two distinctive languages as L3 to Russian-speaking learners who first acquired English as their L2.

. Periodontal diseases today remain an urgent problem of modern dentistry. It is known that periodontal pathology has a polyetiological nature, which is characterized by the development of the pathological process under the influence of risk factors and concomitant somatic pathology. Many scientific studies have shown that the leading role in the pathogenesis of inflammatory-dystrophic periodontal diseases is played by disorders in the hemomicrocirculation system, which lead to tissue hypoxia, edema, dystrophy, necrosis and tissue sclerosis. In chronic generalized periodontitis (CHGD) there is dilation of capillaries, increased permeability, dilation of the venous vessels of the microcirculatory tract. The aim of this work – to assess the state of hemodynamics in the microcirculation system of periodontal tissues in smoking patients with chronic generalized periodontitis on the background of chronic hyperacid gastritis. Object and methods. 90 patients aged 25 to 44 years old were studied and divided into 3 groups: 1st – 48 patients with CHGP and chronic hyperacid gastritis (CHHG) associated with Helicobacter pylori, with a smoking history of 5-7 years and the number of cigarettes smoked from 15 to 20 per day; 2nd – 22 patients with CHGP and CHHG associated with Helicobacter pylori, but without the bad habit of smoking; 3rd – control group consisted of 20 healthy individuals. Smoking patients were randomly divided into two groups depending on the chosen method of treatment: the 1st subgroup – the use of basic therapy of CHGP and developed treatment prevention complex – TPC (ultraphonophoresis procedures with the created gel «Apisan», and probiotic drug BioGaia ProDentis and angioprotective drug – Detralex); the 2nd subgroup – the use of basic therapy of CHGP and ultraphonophoresis procedures with placebo. To assess the state of hemodynamics in the microcirculation system, an ultrasound examination of periodontal blood flow was performed. The Gosling pulsation index and the index of peripheral blood flow resistance distal to the measurement site – the Purcelo index were calculated. Results and discussion. The use of the therapeutic and prophylactic complex in smoking patients and patients without a bad habit with CHGP and CHHG associated with Helicobacter pylori showed a positive dynamics of the functional characteristics of microcirculation and the state of the periodontal vascular walls. Conclusion. Thus, it can be argued that the use of the proposed LPC had a positive effect on the microcirculation of periodontal tissues in the near and long term, even in conditions of chronic gastritis associated with Helicobacter pylori, with increased secretory function and risk factor – smoking.

The study aimed to define the classes in the Heavy Metals Section of the Regional Environmental Ranking System based on long-term data (1997-2017). When distinguishing water quality classes, the following factors were taken into account: background content of heavy metals, content of heavy metals in water bodies exposed to different levels and character of anthropogenic pollution, and response of biological communities to toxic pollution of their natural habitats. According to the proposed classification, the non-contaminated water of Сlass 1 contains the following: Cd

The article is focused on Zurab Tsereteli’s House-Museum in Peredelkino near Moscow. Serving as a continuation of the museums previously founded by the artist in Georgia and Russia, the collection of the House-Museum presents to the fullest possible extent a multifaceted specter of creative search in the artist’s experimental space. At the same time, the main feature of the museum is that it represents wholly the realization of Tsereteli’s live program aimed at transfiguration of a man by the means of art.

40 frozen yakutian graves, from the 17th to the 19th century allow the reconstitution of clothes. At the end of the 17th century, new fashions are emerging with the ostentatious use of imported goods and the influences of Russian noble circles and Chinese and/or Mongol and/or Buriat fashions. The garment does not only seem to be any more an element of protection against the cold and a utilitarian object but becomes a way to marking the socialization of the individual.

Distribution, cultural and chronological attribution of frozen graves of Yakutia between the beginning of 17th and end of 19th century. The funerary rites and the artefacts allow to differentiate four chrono-cultural periods (before 1700 AD, from 1700 to 1750 AD, from 1750 to 1800 AD and after 1800 AD) which could be associated with historical events: opening of the trading post of Nertchinsk, expansion of the Kangalasky clan, economic collapse, generalization of Christianization.

Diabetes mellitus type 2 (DMT2) is a severe and complex health problem. It is the most common type of diabetes. DMT2 is a chronic metabolic disorder that affects the way your body metabolizes sugar. With DMT2, your body either resists the effects of insulin or does not produce sufficient insulin to continue normal glucose levels. DMT2 is a disease that requires a multifactorial approach of controlling that includes lifestyle change and pharmacotherapy. Less than ideal management increases the risk of developing complications and comorbidities such as cardiovascular disease and numerous social and economic penalties. That is why the studies dedicated to the pathophysiological mechanisms and the treatment of DMT2 are extremely numerous and diverse. In this study, exploratory data analysis approaches are applied for the treatment of clinical and anthropometric readings of patients with DMT2. Since multivariate statistics is a well-known method for classification, modeling and interpretation of large collections of data, the major aim of the present study was to reveal latent relations between the objects of the investigation (group of patients and control group) and the variables describing the objects (clinical and anthropometric parameters). In the proposed method by the application of hierarchical cluster analysis and principal component analysis it is possible to identify reduced number of parameters which appear to be the most significant discriminant parameters to distinguish between four patterns of patients with DMT2. However, there is still lack of multivariate statistical studies using DMT2 data sets to assess different aspects of the problem like optimal rapid monitoring of the patients or specific separation of patients into patterns of similarity related to their health status which could be of help in preparation of data bases for DMT2 patients. The outcome from the study could be of custom for the selection of significant tests for rapid monitoring of patients and more detailed approach to the health status of DMT2 patients.

Background and Objectives: The fiber-based evanescent-wave mid-IR spectroscopy is a prospective tool for the real-time remote chemical analysis of various substances, which have their vibrational spectra in the mid-IR spectral range. Chalcogenide fibers transparent in the mid-IR are considered as the most suitable sensing elements of the fiber-based mid-IR spectroscopic sensors. Earlier, to describe light fields in a chalcogenide fiber embedded into an absorbing medium, a ray optics approach based on the approximation of weak absorption of the medium was used. However, this approach is not applicable for the mid-IR spectroscopy of liquids since the absorption coefficients of liquids in the mid-IR can be of the order of 103 cm-1. As the difference of refractive indices of a chalcogenide glass (2.4–3.4) and a liquid (1.28–1.35) is large, the weakly guiding approximation widely used to design the fiber-optic information networks is not applicable for the sensing elements modeling. Development of a reliable mathematical model of light fields in the chalcogenide sensing elements is an urgent problem. In this paper, a detailed analysis of such a mathematical model based on the electromagnetic theory of optical fibers is presented. Materials and Methods: A multimode single-index chalcogenide fiber embedded into an absorbing liquid is considered as a sensing element of a fiber-based spectroscopic sensor. For this sensing element, a model of a infinite cylindrical waveguide with a uniform core and an infinite uniform cladding with a complex-valued refractive index is proposed. To describe light fields in the sensing element, a mathematical model based on solution of a boundary value problem for Helmholtz equations in a rigorous electrodynamic formulation is developed. For classification of the boundary value problem solutions, a complex plane of a fiber mode parameter in the cladding is used. Eigenwaves obtained by solution of the boundary value problem that satisfies the condition of exponential decay in the waveguide cross-section at infinity are identified as evanescent modes of the waveguide. The power of the modes is decreasing along the waveguide due to the external absorption. In computer modeling of the evanescent modes, an eigenvalue equation written for the modes parameters is solved numerically. As an absorbing liquid, pure acetone is chosen. The absorption coefficient of acetone, obtained experimentally, is used to evaluate the imaginary part of its refractive index. Results: Specificity of the boundary value problem formulation in application to the light fields in sensing elements of the fiber-based spectroscopic sensors has been revealed. A mathematical model of evanescent modes of a chalcogenide sensing element has been elaborated by using the rigorous electrodynamic approach. This model has been applied to calculate the longitudinal and transverse power flows of the HEvm evanescent modes in the cross-section of a chalcogenide fiber immersed into the pure acetone. It was demonstrated that in the rigorous mathematical model, the transverse power flows of evanescent modes are specifically nonzero. With the given parameters of the chalcogenide sensing element and the absorbing medium, the density of the transverse components of the power flow at a specified peak wavelength of an absorption band of acetone was 3–4 orders of magnitude lower than the longitudinal component density. Conclusion: The mathematical model of light fields in chalcogenide sensing elements for the mid-IR spectroscopy has been developed with account of the large difference in the refractive indices of the chalcogenide fiber core and the external medium having large absorption coefficients. Applicability of the mathematical model based on the rigorous electrodynamic approach was confirmed previously in our works where the results of computer modeling fit the experimental data obtained in the chalcogenide fiber based spectroscopic measurements.

This study analyses EU and Lithuanian documents on countering disinformation/fake news to present the plurality of the Union’s approaches to ensuring resilience. Currently, there are three approaches to the problem in the EU. The first one, used by the European Commission, is the recognition of citizens’ right to information as well as of the need to promote critical thinking and information literacy. This approach fits into the adaptive paradigm of action in the information space and the concept of autopoietic resilience. The second approach, taken by the European External Action Service, is to expose fake news and the media spreading it. In combining adaptive and paternalistic paradigms of action in the information space, this approach employs a more static interpretation of resilience. Lithuania has adopted a third approach, which is dominated by the paternalistic paradigm and homeostatic resilience. This approach consists of the state isolating citizens from certain information. Thus, the popular use of the term ‘resilience’ in the EU disguises the plurality of approaches to both disinformation and resilience itself. Theoretically, this study draws on the concept of resilience and paradigms for countering disinformation/fake news. Methodologically, it relies on critical discourse analysis. The article suggests several possible causes of intra-EU differences in countering disinformation/fake news/propaganda and interpreting resilience

The study focuses on the stages of implementation and development of smart villages, which are digital technologies for agriculture that increase efficiency and productivity in this area. We uncovered the stages of development of smart villages, then we looked at what is included in the Internet of Things within a smart village. After that, we looked at the specific digital solutions for agriculture and the purpose of smart village. As part of the study, we analyzed a number of indicators characterizing the development of the sphere of agriculture and its prospects. As the results of the study, we constructed and analyzed correlation matrices of indicators.

In our experiments, 2 methods of harvesting tops were used relative to the control (without harvesting): mechanical (mowing) and chemical (desiccation Reglon Super) for 18; 12; 6 days before harvesting potatoes. On average, over 3 years, the yield of potatoes of the Smolyanochka variety ranged from 36.2 to 47.9 t/ha. The highest yield was obtained by mowing and desiccating the tops in 12 days - 47.3-47.9 t/ha and losses of 2.6; 2.2% respectively. Research has shown that mowing and desiccating the tops 12 days before harvesting ensured the yield of the average fraction of 50-48%, respectively, and the formation of healthier tubers. The strength of the peel contributed to the reduction of losses relative to the control during storage by 0.9-4.3% and the incidence of diseases by 0.5-5.0%. The article also shows the economic efficiency of the agricultural practices used. The profitability level of ware potatoes ranged from 69 to 150% and was greatest when the tops were mowed and desiccated 12 days before harvesting.

Ensuring product quality, due to the special requirements for reliability in the aviation industry, is the main and primary task. For successful and trouble-free operation, it is necessary to monitor the technical condition of all systems, especially the most critical ones, such as engines. The technical condition of the gas turbine engine directly affects flight safety. Bearing supports are considered one of the most important transmission components, which are most susceptible to wear and damage. The goal of this work is to develop a method for conducting vibroacoustic diagnostics that addresses the challenges related to the inaccessibility of the studied unit and the change in vibration vector during engine operation, which significantly impairs the informativeness of vibration sensor measurements.

This abstract delves into an investigation concerning the toxicity of the gaseous environment encountered in the context of fires within public structures, encompassing shopping malls and entertainment centers. These fires engender the release of a host of highly toxic gases, prominently including phosgene, carbon monoxide, and hydrogen cyanide. It is noteworthy, however, that prevailing portable filtering self-rescue masks employed during the evacuation from fire-stricken areas do not offer protection against phosgene. This discrepancy is attributed, in part, to the absence of stipulated requirements for safeguarding against phosgene within the regulatory documentation governing mask specifications. In response to this, a comprehensive methodology has been devised for evaluating the protective attributes of filtering and absorbing components, concomitant with the establishment of a delineated roster of gases to serve as benchmarks for assessing reliability. The culmination of these research has resulted in the development of a novel fibrous material and a respiratory mask design, specially tailored to protect against the toxic gases encountered during fires within public structures. These innovations can improve the protective effectiveness of masks, making them better suited to protect people in such dangerous situations.

The purpose of the article is to highlight the importance of maintaining a commitment to ESG (Environment, Social, Governance) principles in the economy of major cities even under the sanctions regime. The research methodology is based on the theories of sustainable and spatial development. The methods of comparative, statistical and structural analysis have been used. The study hypothesises that Russia, even in the current conditions, has due prerequisites for the development of its cities based on ESG principles of economic management. The analysis of the ecological situation made it possible to justify the need for non-alternative observance of ESG principles in urban agglomerations. It is shown that the adherence to these principles will be largely determined by the quality and efficiency of the developed municipal economic policy. It is proposed to devise a special section on municipal industrial policy within the framework of the regional industrial policy, with a view to systematising administrative and incentive measures for the realisation of the ESG agenda for million-plus cities. The research results can be useful in amending socio-economic development strategies for Russia’s major and biggest cities.

The quality and cryoresistance of stallion sperm depend on many endogenous and exogenous factors. One of the factors affecting the sperm quality are the parameters of the lipid spectrum of spermoplasm and blood serum. Lipase activity, cholesterol and triglyceride content in blood serum and spermoplasm were studied in 19 stallions of the Arabian breed aged from 5 years to 15 years (on average 10.1±0.3 years). It was found that lipase activity in the spermoplasm (217.0 U/l) is on average 11.4 times higher than in the blood serum (19.1 U/l). The concentration of spermoplasm triglycerides (1.3 mmol/l) is on average 4.3 times higher than in blood serum (0.3 mmol/l). The concentration of cholesterol in the blood serum (2.4 mmol/ l) is on average 12 times higher than the same indicator in the stallion spermoplasm (0.2 mmol/l). The relationship between the parameters of the lipid spectrum of blood serum and spermoplasm with the characteristics of stallion sperm was studied. A significant relationship was found between the activity of lipase in blood serum with progressive mobility (r=0.66; p=0.006) and survival (r=0.67; p=0.005) of spermatozoa in cryopreserved sperm.

Object: The purpose of this article is about using simulation modeling, and the choice of the simulation environment in the study of marshalling yards. Predicting the approach of trains to marshalling yards for different time periods is an essential tool for detailed planning of its operation. Methods: To research the operation of sorting stations, the simulation method was chosen. The method includes: agent-based modeling, system dynamics, discrete-event modeling. The process of arrival, processing and departure of trains at the marshalling yard can be considered as a discrete-event model. Its functionality is determined by the main factors: the probabilistic distribution of the times of arrival of requests and the duration of service; configuration of the service system; the number and productivity of service channels; the discipline of the queue. Findings: The result of the research was the formalization of the simulation model of the marshalling yard. Conclusions: The simulation model allows to do: - build further work plans for all station resources; - establish dependencies and patterns; - predict the state of the sorting system to mitigate or eliminate operational difficulties.

The article studies problems of sustainable housing construction modeling as part of complex development of the territory projects with consideration of requirements of green, energy-efficient and resource-saving approaches as an obligatory condition of sustainable urban development. The aim of the study is to develop methodical approaches and scientific and practical recommendations in the field of integrated green construction modelling on the basis of assessment and cost management of environmental eco-oriented life cycles of a set of capital construction objects. The object of the study is taken in the form of a portfolio of capital construction projects as part of investment programs for integrated residential development of territories at the stage of prospective construction preparation in the conditions of their competitive selection for financing based on the priority. The article demonstrates the obtained scientific results in the form of: conceptual clarification of the category of integrated green construction; methods of estimation of the environmental-ecological cost oriented life cycles of buildings in the competitive selection of complex residential development projects for its application in the selection procedures for financing; justification of the author’s coefficient «infrastructure» in the assessment of the cost of the life cycle of buildings; modeling the effects of reducing the cost of environmentally-oriented life cycles of objects of complex green development.