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Reconstruction of objects of material culture, including ornamental textiles, is a trendy area of modern art history. Nevertheless, despite the significant interest in this topic among researchers and specialists, some issues remain insufficiently covered in the research literature. In this paper, surviving ornamental printed fabrics produced by the St. Petersburg cotton-printing industry in the second half of the 18Ith - early 20th century are used as a case to propose a technique for determining the size of an item from a surviving ornamental fragment by the method of graphic reconstruction.

St. Petersburg print ornaments occupy an important place in the context of Russian and European history of applied art. Today, many an art critic engage in printed textile studies, which makes this work relevant and modern. The article focuses on the specific features of the ornaments employed by St. Petersburg cotton-printing mills in the second half of the 18th - early 20th century. The practice was based on the imitation of other textile techniques (embroidery, lacemaking, heald weaving). The study made use of the textile collection available at the Museum of Applied Art, Stieglitz State Academy of Art and Design.

The actual problem, and simultaneously, the trend of today’s vocational – education digitalization of agricultural experts training in Russia are investigated. The review of the theory of the question, which proves the idea of accord of vocational training digitalization process of the XXI century tasks, is made. Didactic digitalization elements as a process are correlated with the revealed professional agricultural engineering problems. Digitalization maintenances opportunities of science subjects as possible means of the priority purposes achievement of modern vocational trainings are investigated. The substantiation of the projected course «Methods of optimum decisions acceptance» as a set of the competence-focused modules is achieved, each of which corresponded to concrete type of optimization problems, solved by agroengineers in professional work.

The physiological aspects of the implementation of the cow milk transfer reflex during machine milking are the result of exposure to the threshold force of a given value of a variable vacuum and simultaneous mechanical irritation by the teat rubber of the udder of the cow udder system. This effect leads to the discovery of sphincters with the subsequent release of the hormone oxytocin by the pituitary gland and the milk accumulation from the alveolar udder tissue. Signal environmental factors (sounds of a vacuum pump, milking machines, feeder) cause reactions in cows not only by irritation but also by frequency. It has been established that exposure to a high-frequency electromagnetic field destroys most of the common causative agents of mastitis-staphylococci, streptococci. For the treatment of mastitis, stimulation of lactation and the reflex of milk flow in cows, it is promising to apply the effect of a high frequency electromagnetic field modulated by radio frequencies, which contribute to the conversion of electromagnetic field energy into energy of nerve impulses and chemical reactions of mitochondrial cellular mechanisms of udder alveolar tissue cells. The use of alternating sets of specific frequencies of a modulating electromagnetic field of high frequency allows the alternation of “killer” frequencies for microbes with stimulating secretion of alveolar cells of the udder and with frequencies that act anti-inflammatory. It is essential to determine the frequencies that create protective inhibition from exposure to extreme irritations of milking factors (increased vacuum, durable worn nipple rubber). With prolonged exposure to an electromagnetic field, such frequencies a repeating conditioned stimulus of a weak strength, which precede and accompany the impact of the milking machine, and stimulate the activity of the nerve centers of the milk yield reflex in cows, creating a dominant lactation.

We examined the association between the duration of untreated psychosis and outcome for patients with delusional infestation. This multi-centre international study included 211 consecutive patients. Illness severity was evaluated at first presentation and outcome was measured with the Clinical Global Impression scale (CGI) at baseline and follow-up. A regression analysis showed a clear clinical and statistically significant association between shorter duration of untreated psychosis and better outcome at follow-up. Patients with a duration of untreated psychosis of less than one year showed a CGI-S change from 5.37 to 2.07; those with a duration of untreated psychosis of 1-5 years a change from 5.48 to 2.59, and those with a duration of untreated psychosis of > 5 years a change from 5.59 to 3.37. This difference of 1.1 CGI points between the groups resembles a clinically relevant difference in patient outcome. Our results suggest that longer duration of untreated psychosis in patients with delusional infestation is associated with significantly less favourable clinical outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is devoted to a psychodermatological disorder with self-destructive behaviour - hypochondriasis circumscripta. Presented data are based on a clinical analysis of 22 consecutive cases (15 women; mean age 56.1 ± 12.6 years) observed in the dermatologic department of First Moscow State Medical University and managed in a multidisciplinary approach by dermatologists and a consultation-liaison psychiatrist. Psychopathology, clinical presentations, historical aspects and treatment options are discussed. The self-inflicted skin lesions result from a severe repetitive autodestruction of focal skin loci primarily affected with heterogeneous sensations associated with a hypochondrically over-valued idea. Hypochondriasis ?ircumscripta is a serious diagnostic and treatment challenge and should be distinguished from dermatitis artefacta, skin picking disorder and delusional infestation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on delusional infestation is a mono-delusional psychotic disorder with a high disease burden and reduced social functioning. Topics incude the patients have the delusional belief the immediate environment has infested with living or non-living pathogens, the patients tend to see multiple specialists without symptom improvement with meaningful treatment, and the antipsychotics are highly efficacious but compliance being the main stumbling block to successful treatment.

Introduction: The association between schizophrenia and toxoplasmosis has been demonstrated in a number of studies: the prevalence of schizophrenia is significantly higher in toxoplasmosis positive subjects than in those with T. gondii negative status. However, the clinical significance of this association remains poorly understood., Objectives: To identify clinical phenomena that are typical for toxoplasmosis-associated ( T. gondii seropositive) schizophrenia compared to Toxoplasma-seronegative schizophrenia., Methods: A retrospective database analysis of serum samples from 105 inpatients with schizophrenia (ICD-10code: F20; including 55 male patients; mean age of 27.4 6.4 years) was carried out. The clinical examination involved a structured interview including ICD-10 and E. Bleulers criteria for schizophrenia and psychometric tests(Positive and Negative Scales of PANSS). Serum antibodies (IgG) to T. gondii were identified using ELISA. The statistical significance of any differences were evaluated using the non-parametric Mann-Whitney (U) and X 2 tests., Results: The proportion of seropositive patients in the sample was 16.2%. Comparing schizophrenia patients, who were seropositive or seronegative for toxoplasmosis, there were no statistically significant differences for the mean total PANSS score, mean PANSS-P, PANSS-N or PANSS-G scores. For the majority of PANSS items, differences were also statistically insignificant, except for G5 and G6mannerism and posturing. Seropositive patients had a higher score for this item than seronegative patients: 3.5 versus 2.1 points (U=389.5; р=0.001). Depression, on the contrary,was less pronounced in seropositive than seronegative patients: 1.4 versus 2.4 points (U=509.5; р=0.023). In addition,in seropositive patients, the frequency of symptoms such as mutism according to ICD-10 criteria for schizophrenia was significantly higher (23.5% versus 3.4%, X 2 =9.27, р=0.013), and the whole group of catatonic symptoms according to the E. Bleulers criteria for schizophrenia was higher (52.9% versus 28.4%, X 2 =3.916, p = 0.048)., Conclusion: The association between a positive toxoplasmosis status in patients with schizophrenia and catatonic symptoms has been revealed for the first time and should be verified in larger studies., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflicts of interest., (Copyright © 2020, Romanov D.V., Brazhnikov A.I., Andreyuk D.S., Zakharova N.V., Bravve L.V., Kovaleva V.A., Abbazova E.V., Goncharov D.B., Titova I.V., Domonova E.A., Kostyuk G.P.)

Pain and discomfort are important symptoms in dermatology. The aim of this cross-sectional, multicentre study was to describe the prevalence of pain/discomfort and its associations in patients with several dermatological conditions across 13 European countries. The outcome was the prevalence of pain/discomfort according to a question of the EQ-5D questionnaire. Data collected from November 2011 to February 2013 were complete for 3,509 consecutive outpatients. Moderate or extreme pain/discomfort was reported by 55.5% of patients and 31.5% of controls with no skin conditions. The highest proportions were reported by patients with hidradenitis suppurativa (92.9%), leg ulcer (81.4%), prurigo (80%) and lichen planus (75.6%). Pain/discomfort was associated with older age, low educational level, clinical severity, flare on scalp or hands, itch, depression, anxiety, low quality of life, and thoughts of suicide. It is important to enquire specifically about pain/discomfort during clinical consultations and to address it when planning a patient's care.

The link between acne and psychiatric morbidities has been demonstrated in many studies; however, large scale studies aiming to reveal the psychosocial impact of acne are rare. The aim of this study was to assess the psychological burden of adult acne patients. This analysis was based on a multicenter study including 213 acne patients and 213 controls from 13 European countries. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Dermatology Life Quality Index, and EuroQol 5 dimensions 3 levels scores of the patients with acne were analyzed. Patients with acne (n = 213) had higher HADS scores for anxiety (mean ± standard deviation 6.70 ± 3.84) and depression (3.91 ± 3.43) than the controls (p < 0.001 for both). For patients with acne, 40.6% reported that they were very concerned about their skin disease, 12.3% had suicidal ideation, and, among those, 10 (4%) patients implied that acne was the cause of their suicidal thoughts. After adjusting for other variables, patients who had suicidal ideation (p = 0.007, and adjusted odds ratio 3.32 [95% confidence interval (CI): 1.39-7.93]) and stressful life events (p < 0.001, and adjusted OR 5.85 [95% CI: 2.65-12.86]) had a greater chance of fulfilling the HADS criteria for anxiety. This study highlights the need for a psychotherapeutic approach in order to recognize the concerns of acne patients and optimize their treatment.

Skin conditions may have a strong impact on patients' sexual life, and thus influence personal relationships. Sexual issues are difficult to discuss directly in clinical practice, and a mediated instrument may be useful to capture such information. In this study item 9 of the Dermatology Life Quality Index was used to collect information on sexual impact of several skin conditions in 13 European countries. Among 3,485 patients, 23.1% reported sexual problems. The impairment was particularly high in patients with hidradenitis suppurativa, prurigo, blistering disorders, psoriasis, urticaria, eczema, infections of the skin, or pruritus. Sexual impact was strongly associated with depression, anxiety, and suicidal ideation. It was generally more frequent in younger patients and was positively correlated with clinical severity and itch. It is important to address the issue of sexual well-being in the evaluation of patients with skin conditions, since it is often linked to anxiety, depression, and even suicidal ideation.