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Cervical artery dissections (CAD) are a common cause of ischemic cerebrovascular events among the younger and middle-aged population. Altogether, CAD counts for up to 15% of all causes of stroke in patients aged 50 or younger. Among the known etiological causes, especially addressing the younger population with mechanical traumas and whiplash injuries are regarded as the main culprits. However, cases of spontaneous dissection are also widespread, with risk factors such as hypertension, migraine, and lifestyle factors increasing the risk of occurrence. Clinically, the symptoms associated with a cerebrovascular event caused by CADs are highly variable and can be classified as either compressive symptoms (such as Horner's syndrome and cervical pain) or stroke syndromes attributable to cerebral ischemia. Therefore, establishing an early diagnosis might be particularly challenging as it requires particular attention and quick clinical reasoning when interviewing the patient. With these certain particularities, our main focus was to conduct a prospective study involving up to 54 patients who were diagnosed with CAD in our clinical facility between January 2015 and December 2022, with the focus of assessing certain individual parameters attributable to each patient and their influence and prognosis value for their short and long term evolution. An important emphasis was placed on parameters such as topographical localization, clinical presentation, severity of the questioned cerebrovascular event, outcomes, and causative factors. Statistical validity tools were applied when possible. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the civil tradition, the right of appeal has a primary importance, as a fundamental safeguard of justice. The function of the Court of Appeal is to provide an appellate hearing of right, from any judicial decision of courts of first instance. On this occasion the entire record is brought before the superior Court for consideration and review, both the facts and the law. In Jordan, Courts of Appeal hear all cases of appeal from judgements of the Court of First Instance and all cases of appeal from the Magistrate's Court, which are not heard by Courts of First Instance. A three judge panel considers all matters raised in the Court of Appeal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In the civil law tradition, the right of appeal is of primary importance, as a fundamental safeguard of justice. The function of a Court of Appeal is to provide an appelate hearing of right from any judicial decision of courts of first instance. It is a hearing in which the entire record is brought before the superior Court for consideration and review, both the facts and the law. In Jordan, Courts of Appeal hear all cases of appeal from judgments of the Courts of First Instance and all cases of appeal from the magistrate’s court, which are not heard by Courts of First Instance. A three judge panel considers all matters raised in the Courts of Appeal. The parties involved in an appeal should meet certain criteria (they must have been parties in the original trial and be eligible to initiate the appeal, they must submit the appeal in a certain period of time and pay the fee according with the law, etc). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present the case of a 32-year-old man, smoker, with medical history of chronic kidney disease on dialysis for 5 years, renovascular hypertension, lacunar ischemic stroke one year ago, left hemiparesis predominantly facially and brachially, hydrocephalus, with a suddenly onset of headache, nausea, vomiting, confusion, an hour previous presentation, while on dialysis. Neurological examination shows gait impairment, rotator nystagmus on right gaze, right hemiparesis (pronator sign), normal osteotendinous reflexes, bilateral Babinski sign, normal language, disoriented in time and space, confused. CT scan revealed third ventricle hemorrhage with normotensive hydrocephalus and no arteriovenous malformation was found on angio CT. After medication and neurosurgical treatment, the outcome was good. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A 20-year-old female was admitted to the hospital after a successful resuscitation from a cardiac arrest due to ventricular fibrillation. She had no prior medical history. The patient was rescued from her house, brought to the hospital with sinus rhythm, sedated, in a coma. Electrocardiography showed no modifications other than the ventricular extrasystoles. Computed tomography showed an epicranian hematoma from the fall that occurred during the cardiac arrest, a heart with a thickened interventricular septum, and the other organs being within physiological limits. Magnetic resonance imaging showed late hypoxic leukoencephalopathy with a level of the white matter of the semioval centers, radiating corona, splenium corpus callosum, and internal capsular posterior arm with extension to the cerebral peduncles. The patient achieved a good neurological outcome with target temperature management and had small neurological improvements every day after resuming spontaneous breathing. After a long intensive care and hospitalization period of six weeks, she was discharged, able to resume her societal status and be a fully recovered individual., Competing Interests: Human subjects: Consent was obtained or waived by all participants in this study. The Ethics, Medical Deontology and Discipline Commission of Sibiu County Emergency Clinical Hospital issued approval 1971. Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work., (Copyright © 2024, Badila et al.)

Cervical artery dissections (CAD) are a common cause of ischemic cerebrovascular events among the younger and middle-aged population. Altogether, CAD counts for up to 15% of all causes of stroke in patients aged 50 or younger. Among the known etiological causes, especially addressing the younger population with mechanical traumas and whiplash injuries are regarded as the main culprits. However, cases of spontaneous dissection are also widespread, with risk factors such as hypertension, migraine, and lifestyle factors increasing the risk of occurrence. Clinically, the symptoms associated with a cerebrovascular event caused by CADs are highly variable and can be classified as either compressive symptoms (such as Horner's syndrome and cervical pain) or stroke syndromes attributable to cerebral ischemia. Therefore, establishing an early diagnosis might be particularly challenging as it requires particular attention and quick clinical reasoning when interviewing the patient. With these certain particularities, our main focus was to conduct a prospective study involving up to 54 patients who were diagnosed with CAD in our clinical facility between January 2015 and December 2022, with the focus of assessing certain individual parameters attributable to each patient and their influence and prognosis value for their short and long term evolution. An important emphasis was placed on parameters such as topographical localization, clinical presentation, severity of the questioned cerebrovascular event, outcomes, and causative factors. Statistical validity tools were applied when possible.