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1. Fostering temporal crop diversification to reduce pesticide use

Author

Maé Guinet, Guillaume Adeux, Stéphane Cordeau, Emeric Courson, Romain Nandillon, Yaoyun Zhang, and Nicolas Munier-Jolain

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Abstract Temporal crop diversification could reduce pesticide use by increasing the proportion of crops with low pesticide use (dilution effects) or enhancing the regulation of pests, weeds and diseases (regulation effects). Here, we use the French National DEPHY Network to compare pesticide use between 16 main crops (dilution effect) and to assess whether temporal crop taxonomic and functional diversification, as implemented in commercial farms specialized in arable field crops, could explain variability in total pesticide use within 16 main crops (regulation effect). The analyses are based on 14,556 crop observations belonging to 1334 contrasted cropping systems spanning the diversity of French climatic regions. We find that cropping systems with high temporal crop diversity generally include crops with low pesticide use. For several crops, total pesticide use is reduced under higher temporal crop functional diversity, temporal crop taxonomic diversity, or both. Higher cover crop frequency increases total pesticide use through an increase in herbicide use. Further studies are required to identify crop sequences that maximize regulation and dilution effects while achieving other facets of cropping system multiperformance.

Published
2023
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2. Co-culture of Salix viminalis and Trifolium repens for the phytostabilisation of Pb and As in mine tailings amended with hardwood biochar

Author

Romain Nandillon, Manhattan Lebrun, Florie Miard, Marie Gaillard, Stéphane Sabatier, Fabienne Battaglia-Brunet, Domenico Morabito, and Sylvain Bourgerie

Subjects
Environmental Engineering, Salix, General Medicine, Coculture Techniques, Soil, Biodegradation, Environmental, Lead, Geochemistry and Petrology, Charcoal, Soil Pollutants, Environmental Chemistry, Trifolium, General Environmental Science, Water Science and Technology
Abstract

Metal(loid) soil pollution causes environmental and health issues, and thus those sites need to be remediated. This can be done through phytostabilization, in combination with biochar amendment. The objectives were to investigate the potential of Salix viminalis L. associated with Trifolium repens L. for the phytostabilization of biochar-amended contaminated soils by assessing (1) the tolerance of both plants to metal(loid)s, through the biomass production, (2) the concentrations of metal(loid)s in plant parts and (3) the concentrations of metal(loid)s in soil pore water and percolation waters. Results showed that plant growth affected soil pore water Physico-chemical properties and metal(loid) mobility. When comparing the mono- and poly-cultures, although pH was higher with the polyculture than the monoculture, the decrease in Pb mobility did not differ. Moreover, the leachate analysis showed that As concentration in the soil particles leached from the soil was higher in the polyculture condition, while Pb concentration was the highest in the willow vegetated condition. Finally, willow dry weight was not affected by the presence of clover, while clover dry weight was lower when it was grown with willow. In conclusion, the results showed that the willow and clover polyculture was not better than the monoculture of these two species for the phytomanagement of a former mine site amended with biochar.

Published
2022
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3. Assessment of compost and three biochars associated with Ailanthus altissima (Miller) Swingle for lead and arsenic stabilization in a post-mining Technosol

Author

Manhattan Lebrun, Gülriz Bayçu, Sylvain Bourgerie, Domenico Morabito, Ibrahim Alidou-Arzika, Romain Nandillon, and Florie Miard

Subjects
Ailanthus altissima, Pollution, biology, Compost, media_common.quotation_subject, Amendment, Soil Science, chemistry.chemical_element, Technosol, engineering.material, biology.organism_classification, Soil conditioner, chemistry, Environmental chemistry, Biochar, engineering, Arsenic, media_common
Abstract

The elevated presence of metal(loid)s in the environment significantly impacts ecosystems and human health and is generally largely due to industrial and mining activities. Thus, in the current study, we investigated and proposed an environmentally friendly method (phytomanagement) aimed at reducing the negative impacts associated with metal(loid) pollution through the use of soil amendments (biochar and compost) to permit Ailanthus altissima growth on a highly contaminated mining Technosol, with arsenic (As) and lead (Pb) contents of 539.06 and 11 453 mg kg–1, respectively. The objective was to examine the impacts of three biochars and compost on i) the physicochemical characteristics of soil, ii) metal(loid) immobilization in soil, and iii) A. altissima growth. We revealed that the application of biochar as a soil amendment improved soil conditions by increasing soil electrical conductivity, pH, and water-holding capacity. Moreover, concomitantly, we observed a large reduction (99%) in Pb mobility and availability following application of the hardwood biochar in combination with compost (HBCP). Thus, this combined soil amendment was most effective in promoting A. altissima growth. In addition, the HBCP treatment prevented As translocation in the upper parts of plants, although soil pore water As concentration was not diminished by amendment application.

Published
2021
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4. Effect of biochar, iron sulfate and poultry manure application on the phytotoxicity of a former tin mine

Author

Manhattan Lebrun, Domenico Morabito, Romain Nandillon, Sylvain Bourgerie, Florie Miard, Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Università degli Studi del Molise (Unimol), and IDDEA (IDDEA)

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Iron, Amendment, Biomass, chemistry.chemical_element, Plant Science, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Poultry, Soil, chemistry.chemical_compound, Biochar, Animals, Soil Pollutants, Environmental Chemistry, lead phytomanagement, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Arsenic, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Sulfates, arsenic, Pollution, 6. Clean water, Manure, Iron sulfate, Biodegradation, Environmental, chemistry, Tin, Charcoal, Environmental chemistry, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Environmental science, Phytotoxicity, Poultry manure, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

In phytomanagement approach the application of a combination of amendments is an option for remediating arsenic polluted areas and valorized biomass obtained. Various amendments can be used. Biochar has been shown to reduce metal(loid) availability, and increase soil fertility, while iron sulfate has a considerable As binding capacity, and poultry manure is a source of nutrients. A phytotoxicity test was performed by applying the three amendments (2% biochar, 0.15%, 0.30% and 0.45% iron sulfate and 0.4% poultry manure) to a former tin mine technosol, to investigate their effects on (i) soil pore water properties, (ii) metal(loid) immobilization and (iii)

Published
2021
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5. Biochar and compost effects on the remediative capacities of Oxalis pes-caprae L. growing on mining technosol polluted by Pb and As

Author

Domenico Morabito, Réda Djebbar, Lamia Benhabylès, Sylvain Bourgerie, Romain Nandillon, Florie Miard, University of Sciences and Technology Houari Boumediene [Alger] (USTHB), Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and IDDEA (IDDEA)

Subjects
Oxalis pes-caprae L, Oxalis pes-caprae, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Amendment, Technosol, 010501 environmental sciences, engineering.material, 01 natural sciences, Arsenic, Soil, Biochar, Soil Pollutants, Environmental Chemistry, Hyperaccumulator, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 2. Zero hunger, biology, Compost, Composting, General Medicine, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Pollution, Phytoremediation, Biodegradation, Environmental, Lead, Agronomy, Oxalidaceae, Charcoal, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, Soil water, engineering, Environmental science, France
Abstract

International audience; Selection of plant species with a great remediating capacity and a high biomass production is an important step for depolluting soils especially mine soils. Hyperaccumulators are used in phytoextraction for extracting metals from soil to roots and to translocate them to aerial parts. While in phytostabilization that usually requires amendment, metals are accumulated in the plant roots. The purpose of this study is to investigate Oxalis pes-caprae L. tolerance to Pb and As from Pontgibaud mine soil in France amended with compost and/or biochar. Oxalis bulbils were harvested in three sites located around Algiers: (1) an agricultural land in Reghaia, (2) an area planted with Pines at the USTHB university campus, and (3) the polluted bank of the El Harrach river. The small and medium bulbil sizes were selected from each locality. Concerning the experimental soil, five mixtures of Pontgibaud technosol (P) with amendments compost (C) and biochar (Bc) were prepared: PC, PBc5, PBc10, PBc5 C, PBcC (w/w). The results indicate that amendments alter the soil physico-chemical characteristics and the mobility of metal(loid)s. They also reveal that As and Pb are differently distributed in plant organs. Medium bulbils especially from El Harrach river and the university campus have shown a better growth. Seedlings growth rate has been the highest in Pontgibaud amended with PC and the lowest in PBc10.

Published
2020
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7. Contributors

Author

Giorgia Aimola, Khalid J. Alzahrani, Adenike Eunice Amoo, Valeria Ancona, Sanem Argin, Tuba Arjumend, Anam Ashraf, Ayansina Segun Ayangbenro, Gargi Bhattacharjee, Irshad Bibi, Dilara Birinci, Parisa Bolouri, Domenico Borello, Sylvain Bourgerie, Anna Barra Caracciolo, Mukkaram Ejaz, Melek Ekinci, Nilda Ersoy, Joël Fontaine, Gordana Gajić, Nisarg Gohil, Paola Grenni, Ankita Gupta, Adem Güneş, Fasih U. Haider, Sunila Hooda, Sajid Husain, Azhar Hussain, David Okeh Igwe, N.F. Islam, Ksenija Jakovljević, Sonia Labidi, Manhattan Lebrun, Cheng Liu, Francisco J. López-Bellido, Sahrish Majeed, Arnab Majumdar, Garima Malik, Rupesh Maurya, Hacène Meglouli, Tariq Mehmood, Florie Miard, Miroslava Mitrović, Domenico Morabito, Romain Nandillon, Nabeel Khan Niazi, Omena Bernard Ojuederie, Shesan John Owonubi, Janhvi Pandey, Vimal Chandra Pandey, Henny Patel, Rupshikha Patowary, Pavle Pavlović, Jacob Olagbenro Popoola, Dragana Ranđelović, Ida Rascio, Umair Riaz, Luis Rodríguez, Sumeera Asghar, Anissa Lounès-Hadj Sahraoui, Maryline Calonne-Salmon, Sougata Sarkar, Hemen Sarma, M. Shahid, Shreya Shakhreliya, Mehak Shaz, Vijai Singh, Sudhakar Srivastava, Virtudes Sánchez, Metin Turan, Vito F. Uricchio, Ertan Yıldırım, and Tijana Zeremski

Published
2022
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8. Contrasted tolerance of Agrostis capillaris metallicolous and non-metallicolous ecotypes in the context of a mining technosol amended by biochar, compost and iron sulfate

Author

Romain Nandillon, Florie Miard, Manhattan Lebrun, Marie Gaillard, Domenico Morabito, Stéphane Sabatier, Sylvain Bourgerie, Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Orléans (UO), IDDEA, Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biogéosystèmes Continentaux - UMR7327, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Dipartimento di Bioscienze e Territorio, Università degli Studi del Molise, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Università degli Studi del Molise (Unimol)

Subjects
[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, Agrostis capillaris, Environmental Engineering, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Technosol, 010501 environmental sciences, engineering.material, Agrostis, complex mixtures, 01 natural sciences, Mining, Arsenic, Soil, Geochemistry and Petrology, Soil pH, Biochar, Soil Pollutants, Environmental Chemistry, Ferrous Compounds, Non-metallicolous, Leaching (agriculture), 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, Water Science and Technology, Ecotype, [SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology, environment, biology, Compost, Composting, Iron sulfate, General Medicine, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, 6. Clean water, Biodegradation, Environmental, Lead, Agronomy, Charcoal, Metallicolous, engineering, Environmental science, France, Soil fertility
Abstract

International audience; Metal(loid) contamination of soil, resulting from the mining activities, is a major issue worldwide, due to its negative effects on the environment and health. Therefore, these contaminated soils need to be remediated. One realistic method is the assisted phytostabilization, which aims at establishing a vegetation cover on the soil that will reduce metal(loid) bioavailability and spreading through the prevention of wind erosion and water leaching. In addition, amendments are applied to improve soil conditions and ameliorate plant growth. In this goal, biochar and compost showed good results in terms of amelioration of soil fertility and reduction in lead bioavailability. However, they usually have a negative effect on arsenic. On the contrary, iron sulfate showed capacity to reduce arsenic mobility through interaction with its iron hydroxides. Finally, the choice of the appropriate plant species is crucial for the success of assisted phytostabilization. One good option is to use endemic species, adapted to the metal(loid) stress, with a fast growth and large shoot and root systems. The aims of this study were to (1) evaluate the effects of applying biochar, compost and iron sulfate, alone or combined, to a former mine soil on the soil properties and Agrostis capillaris growth, and (2) assess the difference between two Agrostis capillaris ecotypes, an endemic metallicolous ecotype and a non-metallicolous ecotype. Results of the mesocosm experiment showed that amendment application improved soil properties, i.e., reduced soil acidity, increased nutrient availability and lower metal(loid) stress, the best being the combination biochar-compost-iron sulfate. These ameliorations allowed a better plant growth. Finally, the metallicolous ecotype performed better in terms of growth than the non-metallicolous one and could thus be used in an assisted phytostabilization process on the former mine site.

Published
2019
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9. Metallicolous Plants Associated to Amendments and Selected Bacterial Consortia, to Stabilize Highly Polymetallic Contaminated Mine Deposits

Author

Romain Nandillon, Florie Miard, Manhattan Lebrun, Sylvain Bourgerie, and Domenico Morabito

Subjects
Pollutant, Compost, Microorganism, fungi, food and beverages, engineering.material, complex mixtures, Manure, Phytoremediation, Environmental chemistry, Soil water, Biochar, engineering, Environmental science, Soil fertility
Abstract

Metal(loid) contaminated soils are a big issue worldwide due to their negative effects on the environment and human health. Phytoremediation, using plants and their associated microorganisms, can reduce the toxic impacts of these soils on the environment and human health. The success of phytoremediation will depend on the plant species. Metallicolous ecotypes are good candidates due to their tolerance towards the pollutants present in the soil. Moreover, microorganisms, and especially bacteria, can influence phytoremediation by affecting plant growth and pollutant mobility and bioavailability. Finally, due to the extreme soil conditions, amendments are often required to improve soil fertility (compost, manure) and reduce pollutant mobility (biochar, red mud). This chapter will show the potential of various metallicolous plant species found on metal(loid) polluted sites, which were associated with amendments and/or bacterial consortia, isolated from the soil and selected based on their tolerance towards particular metal(loid)s, for the stabilization of mine deposits.

Published
2021
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10. Biochar application modifies soil properties of a former mine technosol: SEM/EDS study to investigate Pb and As speciation

Author

Manhattan Lebrun, Rianne Visser, Sylvain Bourgerie, Romain Nandillon, Florie Miard, Domenico Morabito, Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), and Energy Research Centre of the Netherlands (ECN)

Subjects
chemistry.chemical_classification, Soil test, Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment, Environmental remediation, 020209 energy, 02 engineering and technology, Technosol, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Soil contamination, 6. Clean water, Field experiment, Arsenic, Biochar, chemistry, Lead, Environmental chemistry, Soil pH, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, 0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering, Organic matter, Soil fertility, Scanning electron microscopy, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract

International audience; Metal (loid) soil pollution is an important issue worldwide that requires the use of remediation, using plants for instance. However, for plants to grow and be efficient, soil fertility must be improved and metal(loid) toxicity reduced. In such an assisted remediation context, biochar has been shown to improve soil conditions and thus plant growth. However, few field studies over long time periods have been conducted to assess biochar impact on metal(loid)s in soil. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the efficiency of a biochar amendment, under field conditions, to improve soil physico-chemical properties and immobilize metal(loid)s and to study the possible mechanisms of such metal(loid) immobilization. For this, biochar was applied to a former mine technosol highly contaminated with As and Pb. Soil samples were taken prior to biochar amendment, on the day of biochar application and 6 months after biochar incorporation. The analyses showed that biochar increased soil pH, organic matter content and nutrient availability, and immobilized Pb. Such results were observed directly after biochar application and were still observed after 6 months, whereas As was first mobilized then immobilized. Finally, the analysis of the samples using scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive spectroscopy showed that Pb was immobilized, at least partly on the biochar surface, as PbCO3.

Published
2021
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11. Biochar Application Rate: Improving Soil Fertility and Linum usitatissimum Growth on an Arsenic and Lead Contaminated Technosol

Author

Romain Nandillon, Florie Miard, Domenico Morabito, Manhattan Lebrun, Sylvain Bourgerie, Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), IDDEA (IDDEA), Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), Biogéosystèmes Continentaux - UMR7327, and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC)

Subjects
[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, Environmental remediation, Amendment, Biomass, Context (language use), Technosol, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Soil pH, Flax, Biochar, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, Phytomanagement, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, 2. Zero hunger, fungi, food and beverages, 6. Clean water, Metal(loid)s, Agronomy, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Environmental science, Soil fertility, Dose effect
Abstract

International audience; The remediation of metal(loid) contaminated sites often requires the application of an amendment, such as biochar. Biochar is the product of biomass pyrolysis and has been shown to reduce soil acidity, immobilize metal(loid)s and thus ameliorate plant growth. The beneficial effects of biochar are usually higher at a higher dose. However, an excessive dose can have negative outcomes due to nutrient loss. The application of an amendment to the soil comes at a financial cost, especially if the contaminated area is large, and therefore the optimum dose must be determined. In addition, to overcome the cost of biochar application, the use of a plant with economic benefits, such as flax, can be a suitable option. In this context, a mesocosm study, on a former mining soil polluted by As and Pb was performed, using flax and biochar applied at increasing concentrations. Results showed an increase in soil pH and the immobilization of Pb with increasing biochar doses. These ameliorations led to better plant growth. A higher biochar dose increased plant growth up to a 3% application rate, from which point dry weight no longer increased.Metal(loid) concentrations decreased between 1 and 3% biochar, and then increased at higher doses. It can thus be concluded that with 3% biochar, soil properties are ameliorated, metal(loid)s are immobilized, and plant growth increases, and a higher biochar application rate does not bring about better outcomes. Therefore, a 3% biochar application dose seems to be the best application dose to improve soil conditions and plant growth at a lower cost.

Published
2021
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12. Effects of biochar, ochre and manure amendments associated with a metallicolous ecotype of Agrostis capillaris on As and Pb stabilization of a former mine technosol

Author

Sylvain Bourgerie, Manhattan Lebrun, Domenico Morabito, Lydie Le Forestier, Romain Nandillon, Florie Miard, Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Università degli Studi del Molise (Unimol), Biogéosystèmes Continentaux - UMR7327, Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), IDDEA (IDDEA), Phytoselect project funded by the Région Centre-Val de Loire, contract N°2016-00108485, and ANR-10-LABX-0100,VOLTAIRE,Geofluids and Volatil elements – Earth, Atmosphere, Interfaces – Resources and Environment(2010)

Subjects
Agrostis capillaris, Environmental Engineering, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Plant Development, Technosol, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Agrostis, complex mixtures, Mining, Arsenic, Soil, Geochemistry and Petrology, Biochar, Environmental Chemistry, Soil Pollutants, mine, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, Water Science and Technology, 2. Zero hunger, Ecotype, biology, amendment, metal(loid)s, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, fungi, food and beverages, General Medicine, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Soil contamination, Manure, 6. Clean water, stabilization, Phytoremediation, Biodegradation, Environmental, Agronomy, Lead, Charcoal, Environmental science, Soil fertility
Abstract

International audience; Metal(loid) soil pollution is a major environmental and health issue, requiring these areas to be remediated, for example through phytoremediation processes. In order to allow proper plant establishment and growth, amendments must be applied to highly contaminated and poorly fertile soils. Amendments are diverse, but many studies have shown the beneficial effects of biochar, manure and ochre, although studies on their combined use are scarce. Moreover, no studies have evaluated the effect of these combined amendments on endemic plant growth. Endemic plants growing on contaminated soils showed higher tolerance toward pollutants compared to plants coming from unpolluted areas. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate both the effect of amendments (single or combined) on the physicochemical properties of a former mining technosol, and the growth and metal(loid) accumulation ability of endemic Agrostis capillaris plants. This study revealed an improvement in the soil physicochemical properties following the application of amendments, with combined amendments showing better results than the application of just one. On top of this, Agrostis plants performed better on the amended technosols, especially the ones receiving manure, due to its high nutrient content. Finally, based on soil properties, plant growth and the metal(loid) accumulation profile, the use of biochar combined with manure seems to be the most appropriate treatment. Indeed, this treatment showed an improvement in both soil fertility and plant growth. Moreover, Agrostis plants grown in these conditions were among those showing higher root metal(loid) concentration associated with a lower translocation toward aerial parts.

Published
2021
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13. Influence of Biochar Particle Size and Concentration on Pb and As Availability in Contaminated Mining Soil and Phytoremediation Potential of Poplar Assessed in a Mesocosm Experiment

Author

Nour Hattab-Hambli, Domenico Morabito, Gabriella S. Scippa, Sylvain Bourgerie, Manhattan Lebrun, J. C. Léger, Romain Nandillon, Florie Miard, Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), IDDEA (IDDEA), Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biogéosystèmes Continentaux - UMR7327, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), and Università degli Studi del Molise (Unimol)

Subjects
[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, Environmental Engineering, Environmental remediation, Technosol, Mining soil, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Mesocosm, Arsenic, Biochar, Environmental Chemistry, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology, Pollutant, Lead, Metal(loid)s, Phytostabilization, Poplar, Ecological Modeling, Contamination, Pollution, Phytoremediation, 13. Climate action, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Environmental chemistry, Environmental science, Particle size
Abstract

International audience; Metal(loid)s found at many sites as a result of human activities induce contamination of ecosystems, which threatens the environment and public health. Several approaches can be used in order to reduce such negative impacts of pollutants, and among them, phytoremediation has gained attractive attention. The objective of the present study was to assess the capacity of Populus euramericana, Dorskamp cultivar, for the phytoremediation of metal(loid)s on a technosol (former mining site) highly contaminated mainly with Pb and As, and amended with biochars having different particle sizes. In a 46-day mesocosm glasshouse pot experiment, technosol was mixed at three ratios (0, 2, or 5% w/w) with four different hardwood-derived biochars (with various particle sizes) in order to study the biochar application rate and particle size effects on soil pore water (SPW) characteristics, on poplar growth, and on metal(loid) distribution and concentrations in the plant organs. The results showed that all biochars tested had a significant impact on several SPW physico-chemical parameters. Especially, biochar additions reduced available Pb concentrations but with no effect on As. In such conditions, Populus growth in amended technosol increased whatever rate and particle size of biochar used. Metal(loid) concentrations and repartition in plant organs showed the following: (1) for Pb, a higher root concentration with low aerial part translocation, which depended on biochar used, and (2) for As, mainly a root sequestration. We identified biochar with the finest particle size and combined with P. euramericana, Dorskamp, was the most suitable as remediation tools for Pb stabilization in post-mining contaminated soils.

Published
2021
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14. Effect of fertilization of a biochar and compost amended technosol: Consequence on Ailanthus altissima growth and As‐ and Pb‐specific root sorption

Author

Manhattan Lebrun, Ibrahim Alidou Arzika, Domenico Morabito, Romain Nandillon, Florie Miard, Sylvain Bourgerie, Gülriz Bayçu, Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Istanbul University, Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), and IDDEA (IDDEA)

Subjects
amendments, Soil Science, Technosol, 010501 environmental sciences, engineering.material, 01 natural sciences, Human fertilization, Biochar, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Ailanthus altissima, biology, Compost, metal(loid)s, fungi, osmocote, food and beverages, Sorption, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Ailanthusaltissima, Pollution, Horticulture, adsorption, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, engineering, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Environmental science, Agronomy and Crop Science, absorption
Abstract

International audience; The remediation of metal(loid) polluted soil using plants (i.e. phytoremediation) often requires the application of amendments, as well as chemical fertilizer. However, such fertilizers can have negative effects when applied alone and can thus be applied together with other organic amendments to diminish this negative effect. Finally, plants to be used in phytoremediation should be selected based on their adaptive capacity and tolerance to poor and highly contaminated soils, characteristics that possessesAilanthus altissima. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of osmocote fertilization on the amended mining technosol properties and plant growth parameters, as well as to study the accumulation pattern of As and Pb in plant roots. Results showed that osmocote ameliorated soil conditions, but increased Pb mobility. It also greatly improved plant growth. Finally, different behaviours of metal(loid) accumulation were observed in the roots: As was absorbed mainly in the roots because of its similarity with P, with very low amounts in the leaves, whereas Pb was adsorbed mainly on the root surface, with lesser proportion absorbed inside the root system.

Published
2020
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15. Evaluation of direct and biochar carrier-based inoculation of Bacillus sp. on As- and Pb-contaminated technosol: effect on metal(loid) availability, Salix viminalis growth, and soil microbial diversity/activity

Author

Dalila Trupiano, Domenico Morabito, Manhattan Lebrun, Romain Nandillon, Florie Miard, Gabriella S. Scippa, Antonio Bucci, Sylvain Bourgerie, Gino Naclerio, Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of Molise [Campobasso] (UNIMOL), University of Molise, Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biogéosystèmes Continentaux - UMR7327, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), and IDDEA (IDDEA)

Subjects
Bacillus sp, Biochar, Carrier inoculation, Metal(loid)s, Mine soil, Salix, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Microorganism, Bacillus, Technosol, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, complex mixtures, Mesocosm, Bacillus isolates, Soil, Environmental Chemistry, Soil Pollutants, Soil Microbiology, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 2. Zero hunger, biology, Inoculation, Chemistry, fungi, food and beverages, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, Pollution, 6. Clean water, Horticulture, Salix viminalis, Lead, Charcoal, [SDE]Environmental Sciences
Abstract

International audience; Phytomanagement manipulates the soil-plant system to lower the risk posed by contaminated soils. In this process, the addition of amendments, such as biochar, and bacteria can improve the fertility of poor contaminated soils and consequently ameliorate plant growth. A number of studies based on the inoculation of soil with microorganisms of the genus Bacillus, previously isolated from contaminated sites, revealed positive effects on soil properties and plant growth. Furthermore, when the Bacillus isolates were used in association with biochar, better results were obtained, as biochar can ameliorate soil properties and serve as habitat for microorganisms. Accordingly, a mesocosm study was set-up using a mining technosol amended with biochar and inoculated with an endogenous Bacillus isolate, to evaluate the effect of inoculation on soil properties, metal(loid) immobilization, and Salix viminalis growth. Two inoculation methods were compared: (1) direct inoculation of bacteria (Bacillus sp.) and (2) inoculation using biochar as a carrier. Results showed that the Bacillus isolate modified soil properties and ameliorated plant growth, while having a reduced effect on metal(loid) accumulation. The microbial activity was also stimulated, and the community composition was shifted, more importantly when biochar was used as a carrier. In conclusion, this research revealed an improvement of the plant growth and microbial activity after the addition of the endogenous bacterium to the analyzed former mining soil, with better results recorded when a carrier was used.

Published
2020
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16. Application of amendments for the phytoremediation of a former mine technosol by endemic pioneer species: alder and birch seedlings

Author

Gabriella S. Scippa, Domenico Morabito, Sylvain Bourgerie, Romain Nandillon, Florie Miard, and Manhattan Lebrun

Subjects
Environmental Engineering, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Mine soil, Technosol, 010501 environmental sciences, engineering.material, Alnus, 01 natural sciences, Alder, Mining, Environmental, Geochemistry and Petrology, Soil pH, Biochar, Environmental Chemistry, Humans, Soil Pollutants, Ferrous Compounds, Leaching (agriculture), Betula, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, Water Science and Technology, Metalloids, biology, Compost, Composting, Iron sulfate, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, Biodegradation, Environmental, Charcoal, Metals, Seedlings, Phytoremediation, Agronomy, Soil water, Biodegradation, engineering, Environmental science
Abstract

Metal(loid) pollution of soils has important negative effects on the environment and human health. For the rehabilitation of these soils, some eco-innovative strategies, such as phytoremediation, could be chosen. This practice could establish a plant cover to reduce the toxicity of the pollutants and stabilize the soil, preventing soil erosion and water leaching; this technique is called phytoremediation. For this, plants need to be tolerant to the pollutants present; thus, phytoremediation can have better outcomes if endemic species of the polluted area are used. Finally, to further improve phytoremediation success, amendments can be applied to ameliorate soil conditions. Different amendments can be used, such as biochar, a good metal(loid) immobilizer, compost, a nutrient-rich product and iron sulfate, an efficient arsenic immobilizer. These amendments can either be applied alone or combined for further positive effects. In this context, a mesocosm experiment was performed to study the effects of three amendments, biochar, compost and iron sulfate, applied alone or combined to a former mine technosol, on the soil properties and the phytoremediation potential of two endemic species, Alnus sp. and Betula sp. Results showed that the different amendments reduced soil acidity and decreased metal(loid) mobility, thus improving plant growth. Both species were able to grow on the amended technosols, but alder seedlings had a much higher growth compared to birch seedlings. Finally, the combination of compost with biochar and/or iron sulfate and the establishment of endemic alder plants could be a solution to rehabilitate a former mine technosol.

Published
2020

17. Potential use of biochar, compost and iron grit associated with Trifolium repens to stabilize Pb and As on a multi-contaminated technosol

Author

O. Lahwegue, Fabienne Battaglia-Brunet, Manhattan Lebrun, Stéphane Sabatier, Marie Gaillard, Domenico Morabito, Romain Nandillon, Florie Miard, Sylvain Bourgerie, Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), IDDEA (IDDEA), Biogéosystèmes Continentaux - UMR7327, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), University of Molise [Campobasso] (UNIMOL), University of Molise, Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC)

Subjects
Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Iron, 0211 other engineering and technologies, Amendment, chemistry.chemical_element, 02 engineering and technology, Technosol, 010501 environmental sciences, engineering.material, Dispersion (geology), 01 natural sciences, Mining, Biocha, Arsenic, Soil, Biochar, Soil Pollutants, rCompostIron gritmetal(loid)s, Environmental Restoration and Remediation, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 2. Zero hunger, Pollutant, 021110 strategic, defence & security studies, biology, Chemistry, Compost, Composting, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, General Medicine, biology.organism_classification, Pollution, 6. Clean water, Phytomanagemen, Lead, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Environmental chemistry, Charcoal, tTrifolium, Trifolium repens, engineering, Trifolium
Abstract

International audience; Vegetation cover can be used in the phytomanagement of polluted areas by adding value to abandoned sites and reducing the dispersion of pollutants by erosion. Appropriate amendments, that allow both efficient plant growth and the immobilization of contaminants in the soil must be chosen in order to optimize the efficiency of this process. We used a mining technosol mainly contaminated by arsenic (1068 mg kg−1) and lead (23387 mg kg−1) to study the effect of three amendments (biochar, compost and iron grit) on (i) physico-chemical properties of the soil and soil pore water, (ii) metal(loid) mobility, bioavailability and bioaccessibility (CaCl2 and Simple Bioaccessibility Extraction Test (SBET)), and (iii) the capability of Trifolium repens to germinate and grow. All the amendments used increased the pH and electrical conductivity of the SPW, resulting in a 90% decrease in the concentration of lead in the soil pore water (SPW). We also demonstrated a decrease in Pb phytoavailability. The amendments allowed the establishment of a plant cover, although the addition of iron grit alone did not allow any clover germination. For the Pontgibaud technosol, the combination of the three amendments resulted in a significant decrease in As and Pb concentrations in clover tissues, mainly in the aerial organs. The amendments also made it possible for some of them to halve the phytoavailable fraction of arsenic. However, for compost, both the As concentrations in the SPW, and the bioavailable fraction of As increased. All the amendments used had contrasting effects on the bioaccessible fractions of metal(loid)s. The most efficient amendment combination was the addition of 5% biochar and 5% compost.

Published
2019
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18. Capability of amendments (biochar, compost and garden soil) added to a mining technosol contaminated by Pb and As to allow poplar seed (Populus nigra L.) germination

Author

Manhattan Lebrun, M. Villar, Sylvain Bourgerie, Stéphane Sabatier, Domenico Morabito, Marie Gaillard, Romain Nandillon, Florie Miard, Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), IDDEA (IDDEA), Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), Biogéosystèmes Continentaux - UMR7327, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), University of Molise [Campobasso] (UNIMOL), University of Molise, Biologie intégrée pour la valorisation de la diversité des Arbres et de la Forêt (BioForA), Office National des Forêts (ONF)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Orléans (UO), IDDEA, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università degli Studi del Molise (Unimol), Biologie intégrée pour la valorisation de la diversité des arbres et de la forêt (BioForA), and Office National des Forêts (ONF)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)

Subjects
[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Context (language use), Germination, Technosol, 010501 environmental sciences, Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law, engineering.material, [SDV.SA.SDS]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Soil study, 01 natural sciences, Black poplar, Mining, Arsenic, Soil, [SDV.SA.SF]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Silviculture, forestry, Biochar, [SDV.BV]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Vegetal Biology, Soil Pollutants, Revegetation, Phytomanagement, As, Pb, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, General Environmental Science, 2. Zero hunger, biology, Compost, Composting, General Medicine, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, Pollution, Metal(loid)s, Populus, Agronomy, Lead, Amendments, Charcoal, Soil water, Seeds, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, engineering, Environmental science, France, Populus nigra, Environmental Monitoring
Abstract

International audience; The germination capacity of poplar seeds has never been studied in the context of metal(loid)-contaminated soils, even though poplars are present over a vast geographical area. In this study, black poplar seeds from the Loire Valley (France) were grown for 28 days in mesocosm on a heavily polluted soil that was subjected to different amendments. This phytomanagement process aimed to allow the revegetation of an As and Pb–contaminated mining soil by adding appropriate amendments, resulting in metal(loid) soil stabilisation and efficient plant growth. The objectives were to evaluate the effect of three amendments (garden soil, compost and biochar) when added alone or combined to a technosol on (i) the soil physicochemical properties, (ii) the mobility of As and Pb in the soil pore water (SPW), (iii) the capacity of poplar seeds to germinate and to grow and (iv) the metal(loid) distribution within the plant organs. The addition of amendments alone or combined allowed a 90% decrease in SPW Pb concentrations, while the arsenic concentrations were between 18 and 416 times higher. However, we were only able to obtain seed germination and plant growth on amended soils. These promising results will allow us to explore the use of such amendments in rehabilitating areas that are sources of significant metal(loid) dissemination, as well as allowing a natural plant recolonisation of these sites by seeds from the surrounding environment.

Published
2019
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19. Biochar effect associated with compost and iron to promote Pb and As soil stabilization and Salix viminalis L. growth

Author

Manhattan Lebrun, Gabriella S. Scippa, Domenico Morabito, Romain Nandillon, Florie Miard, Sylvain Bourgerie, Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Department of Bioscienze and Territorio, University of Molise, Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), Biogéosystèmes Continentaux - UMR7327, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), IDDEA, Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC)

Subjects
Salix viminalis, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, 0208 environmental biotechnology, 02 engineering and technology, Technosol, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Soil, Biochar, Soil Pollutants, Biomass, Phytomanagement, 2. Zero hunger, biology, Compost, Chemistry, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, Chemistry (all), Salix, General Medicine, Pollution, Soil contamination, Europe, Biodegradation, Environmental, Health, Metals, Charcoal, Environmental Engineering, Iron, Amendment, engineering.material, Arsenic, Environmental Chemistry, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Iron grit, Biochar Compost Iron grit metal(loid)s Phytomanagement Salix viminalis, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, metal(loid)s, Composting, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, General Chemistry, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, 020801 environmental engineering, Phytoremediation, Agronomy, Lead, engineering, Soil fertility
Abstract

International audience; Soil pollution by metal(loid)s is one of the most significant problems in Europe. To remediate and potentially rehabilitate these contaminated sites, phytoremediation procedures are being put into place, often using amendments to help offset the extreme conditions of such soils. The aim of this study was to define the best amendment to use on the field. This was done by studying how the addition of three different amendments (biochar, compost and iron grit), alone or in combination, could affect: (i) soil physico-chemical properties, (ii) Salix viminalis growth, and (iii) metal(loid) stabilization. A 69 day-mesocosm study was thus set up using a former mine technosol, the three amendments applied alone or combined, and S. viminalis cuttings. The results showed that biochar and/or compost improved the soil fertility and the soil pore water characteristics, with reductions of acidity, metal(loid) mobility and toxicity, while iron grit amendment presented negative effects on such parameters. Such ameliorations allowed better plant growth and higher biomass production. In addition, stress indicators (leaf pigment content and root guaiacol peroxidase activity) showed a reduction in plant stress following biochar and/or compost application. Finally, among the different treatments, the use of compost or a biochar-compost combination showed better results in terms of improvement of soil conditions, increase in plant growth and reduced translocation of metal(loid)s towards upper parts, making these two treatments a valuable option for a field trial.

Published
2019
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20. Effect of Biochar and Amendments on Pb and As Phytotoxicity and Phytoavailability in a Technosol

Author

Fabienne Battaglia-Brunet, Romain Nandillon, Florie Miard, Domenico Morabito, Marie Gaillard, Stéphane Sabatier, Sylvain Bourgerie, Manhattan Lebrun, Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Orléans (UO), University of Molise [Campobasso] (UNIMOL), University of Molise, IDDEA (IDDEA), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biogéosystèmes Continentaux - UMR7327, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC)

Subjects
Phyto-availability, Environmental remediation, Remediation, 02 engineering and technology, Technosol, 010501 environmental sciences, engineering.material, 01 natural sciences, 020401 chemical engineering, Biochar, Environmental Chemistry, 0204 chemical engineering, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Water Science and Technology, 2. Zero hunger, Compost, Chemistry, Extraction (chemistry), Slag, Contamination, Pollution, Metal(loid)s, Amendments, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Environmental chemistry, visual_art, engineering, visual_art.visual_art_medium, Phytotoxicity
Abstract

Phytostabilization have been proposed as promising tools for long-term management of polluted sites. Optimization of the process efficiency involves choosing suitable amendments to allow both efficient plant growth and the immobilization of contaminants. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the effect of amendments on (i) the physicochemical properties of technosol and (ii) the mobility and phyto-availability of metal(loid)s. A dwarf bean growth test was conducted on technosols amended with compost, garden soil, slag and biochar. The physicochemical properties of soil pore water (SPW) were determined as well as the phyto-available concentrations of metal(loid)s by simple extraction tests. All amendments used were able to increase SPW pH and electrical conductivity, allowing a decrease in the lead concentration in SPW by 90 % and the lead phytoavailable part by 93 %. However, for all amendments, SPW As concentration increased. Lastly, the amendments improved bean growth and tended to decrease the metal(oid) concentrations in aerial organs. As concentration in roots did not decrease whereas Pb concentration decreased. Metal(loid) concentrations of Pb accumulated in the aerial parts of beans and their extractable concentrations showed a significant positive correlation with the extraction procedures. In contrast, the phytoavailable As showed a weak correlation with As concentrations in the aerial parts. The 1-M NH4NO3 extraction procedure was the most appropriate and provided the most useful indications of the phyto-availability for the studied elements.

Published
2019
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22. Biochar Amendment Associated to Compost and/or Iron in Order to Improve Lead and Arsenic Soil Stabilization and Salix Viminalis Growth

Author

Florie Miard, Domenico Morabito, Gabriella S. Scippa, Sylvain Bourgerie, Dalila Trupiano, Manhattan Lebrun, Elena De Zio, and Romain Nandillon

Subjects
biology, Compost, Amendment, chemistry.chemical_element, engineering.material, biology.organism_classification, Salix viminalis, Lead (geology), chemistry, Agronomy, Order (business), Biochar, Soil stabilization, engineering, Environmental science, Arsenic
Published
2018
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25. Effect of Fe-functionalized biochar on toxicity of a technosol contaminated by Pb and As: sorption and phytotoxicity tests

Author

Gabriella S. Scippa, Manhattan Lebrun, Domenico Morabito, Sylvain Bourgerie, Sullivan Renouard, Romain Nandillon, Florie Miard, Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Orléans (UO), and Università degli Studi del Molise (Unimol)

Subjects
[SDV.SA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Phytotoxicity test, Iron, Amendment, Technosol, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Arsenic, Soil, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, Biochar, Toxicity Tests, Environmental Chemistry, Soil Pollutants, Biomass, Particle Size, As, Pb, Environmental Restoration and Remediation, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Phaseolus, Chemistry, Soil classification, Sorption, (Fe-)functionalization, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, General Medicine, 15. Life on land, Hydrogen-Ion Concentration, Pollution, Soil contamination, Lead, 13. Climate action, Environmental chemistry, Charcoal, Soil water, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Soil fertility
Abstract

International audience; Biochar, produced by the pyrolysis of biomass under low oxygen conditions, has gathered attention in the last few years due to its capability to reduce metal(loid)s bioavailability and mobility in soils, as well as its beneficial effects on soil fertility. Indeed, biochar amendment to polluted soil induced usually an increase of pH, water holding capacity, and nutrient contents, associated with a decrease of metal(loid)s concentrations in soil pore water, through sorption. However, biochar has been shown efficient in sorbing cation pollutants, like Pb, but present a low sorption capacity towards anions like As. This contrasted behavior poses a problem, as most polluted soils are multi-contaminated, with both cation and anion pollutants. One of the solutions to overcome such problem is to functionalize biochar, by modifying its surface. However, most studies actually focused on functionalization effect on metal(loid)s sorption towards batch experiments, and only a few dealt with modified biochar incorporation to the soil. Therefore, this study aimed (i) to assess the sorption capacity of hardwood biochars, harboring different particle sizes, towards Pb and As; (ii) to evaluate the effect of a Fe-functionalization on Pb and As sorption; and (iii) to validate the results, in a phytotoxicity test using Phaseolus vulgaris as bioindicator plant. The batch experiments showed that all four biochars were able to efficiently sorb Pb, the fine biochars showing higher sorption values than the coarse biochars. As sorption was very low. Fe-coating increased As sorption value, while having no effect on Pb sorption. However, when incorporated in the soil, Fe-coated biochar did not improve soil physico-chemical properties compared to the pristine biochar; especially, it did not reduce As soil pore water concentrations. Finally, bean plant did not show differences in terms of biomass production between the two biochars incorporated into polluted soil, demonstrating that Fe-functionalization did not improve biochar capacity to decrease soil toxicity.

Published
2018
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26. Assisted phytostabilization of a multicontaminated mine technosol using biochar amendment: Early stage evaluation of biochar feedstock and particle size effects on As and Pb accumulation of two Salicaceae species (Salix viminalis and Populus euramericana)

Author

Nour Hattab-Hambli, Jean-Christophe Léger, Domenico Morabito, Gabriella S. Scippa, Romain Nandillon, Florie Miard, Manhattan Lebrun, Sylvain Bourgerie, Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Università degli Studi del Molise (Unimol), La Carbonerie, and Partenaires INRAE

Subjects
Environmental Engineering, Salicaceae, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Amendment, Technosol, Assisted phytostabilization, Biochar, Feedstock, Particle size, Environmental Chemistry, Chemistry (all), 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Mining, Arsenic, Soil, Soil functions, [SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, Botany, Soil Pollutants, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, 2. Zero hunger, biology, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Salix, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, General Medicine, General Chemistry, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Pollution, Soil contamination, 6. Clean water, Phytoremediation, Salix viminalis, Biodegradation, Environmental, Populus, Lead, Environmental chemistry, Charcoal, Soil water, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Environmental science, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology
Abstract

International audience; Soil contamination by metal(loid)s is one of the most important environmental problem. It leads to loss of environment biodiversity and soil functions and can have harmful effects on human health. Therefore, contaminated soils could be remediated, using phytoremediation. Indeed, plant growth will improve soil conditions while accumulating metal(loid)s and modifying their mobility. However, due to the poor fertility and high metal(loid)s levels of these soils, amendments, like biochar, has to be applied. This study was performed on a former mine technosol contaminated by As and Pb and aimed to study (i) the effect of biochar on soil physico-chemical properties and plant phytostabilization potential (ii) biochar feedstock and particle size effects. In this goal, a mesocosm experiment was set up using four different biochars, obtained from two feedstocks (lightwood and pinewood) and harboring two particle sizes (inf. 0.1 mm and 0.2–0.4 mm) and two Salicaceae species. Soil and soil pore water physico-chemical properties as well as plant growth and metal(loid)s distribution were assessed. The results showed that biochar was efficient in improving soil physico-chemical properties and reducing Pb soil pore water concentrations. This amelioration allowed plant growth and increased dry weight production of both species. Regarding metal(loid)s distribution, willow and poplar showed an As and Pb accumulation in roots and low translocation towards edible parts, i.e stems and leaves, which shows a phytostabilization potential. Finally, the 2 biochar parameters, feedstock and particle size, only affected soil and soil pore water physico-chemical properties while having no effect on plant growth.

Published
2018
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27. Eco-restoration of a mine technosol according to biochar particle size and dose application: study of soil physico-chemical properties and phytostabilization capacities of Salix viminalis

Author

Domenico Morabito, Romain Nandillon, Florie Miard, Manhattan Lebrun, Gabriella S. Scippa, Sylvain Bourgerie, Nour Hattab-Hambli, Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Department of Bioscienze and Territorio, University of Molise, Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), Biogéosystèmes Continentaux - UMR7327, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC)

Subjects
Salix viminalis, Stratigraphy, Amendment, Technosol, Biochar, Metal(loid)s, Particle size, Phytostabilisation, Earth-Surface Processes, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, biology, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, 15. Life on land, biology.organism_classification, Soil contamination, Phytoremediation, Agronomy, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Soil water, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Environmental science, Soil fertility
Abstract

International audience; PurposeAnthropic activities induce severe metal(loid)s contamination of many sites, which is a threat to the environment and to public health. Indeed metal(loid)s cannot be degraded, and thus accumulate in soils. Furthermore, they can contaminate surrounding ecosystems through run-off or wind erosion. This study aims to evaluate the phytostabilization capacity of Salix viminalis to remediate As and Pb highly contaminated mine site, in a biochar-assisted phytoremediation context and to assess biochar particle size and dose application effects.Materials and methodsTo achieve this, mesocosm experiments were conducted using the contaminated technosol and four different size fraction of one biochar as amendment, at two application rates (2 and 5%). Non-rooted cuttings of Salix viminalis were planted in the different mixtures. In order to characterize the mixtures, soil pore waters were sampled at the beginning and at the end of the experiment and analyzed for pH, electrical conductivity, and metal(loid) concentrations. After 46 days of Salix growth, roots, stems, and leaves were harvested and weighed, and As and Pb concentrations and distributions were measured.Results and discussionSoil fertility improved (acidity decrease, electrical conductivity increase) following biochar addition, whatever the particle size, and the Pb concentration in soil pore water decreased. Salix viminalis did not grow on the non-amended contaminated soil while the biochar amendment permitted its growth, with a better growth with the finest biochars. The metal(loid)s accumulated preferentially in roots.ConclusionsFine biochar particles allowed S. viminalis growth on the contaminated soil, allowing this species to be used for technosol phytostabilization.

Published
2018
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29. Cd, Pb, and Zn mobility and (bio)availability in contaminated soils from a former smelting site amended with biochar

Author

Nour Hattab-Hambli, Manhattan Lebrun, Gabriella S. Scippa, Dalila Trupiano, Tonia Lomaglio, Sylvain Bourgerie, Arnaud Gauthier, Florie Miard, Mikael Motelica-Heino, Domenico Morabito, Romain Nandillon, Laboratoire de Biologie des Ligneux et des Grandes Cultures (LBLGC), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université d'Orléans (UO), Department of Bioscienze and Territorio, University of Molise, Institut des Sciences de la Terre d'Orléans - UMR7327 (ISTO), Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biogéosystèmes Continentaux - UMR7327, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Laboratoire Génie Civil et Géo-Environnement [Béthune] (LGCgE), Université d'Artois (UA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC), PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and PSL Research University (PSL)-PSL Research University (PSL)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université d'Orléans (UO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Bureau de Recherches Géologiques et Minières (BRGM) (BRGM)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers en région Centre (OSUC)

Subjects
Environmental remediation, Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Biological Availability, Remediation, 010501 environmental sciences, 01 natural sciences, Soil, (Bio)availability, Soil pH, Biochar, Soil Pollutants, Environmental Chemistry, Toxicology and Mutagenesis, Contaminated soil, [SDU.ENVI]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Continental interfaces, environment, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, Mobility, Chemistry, Soil classification, 04 agricultural and veterinary sciences, General Medicine, Soil contamination, Wood, Pollution, 6. Clean water, Soil conditioner, Zinc, Metals, Agronomy, Lead, Health, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Environmental chemistry, Charcoal, Soil water, Metallurgy, 040103 agronomy & agriculture, 0401 agriculture, forestry, and fisheries, Phytotoxicity, Environmental Pollutants, Cadmium
Abstract

International audience; Biochar is a potential candidate for the remediation of metal(loid)-contaminated soils. However, the mechanisms of contaminant-biochar retention and release depend on the amount of soil contaminants and physicochemical characteristics, as well as the durability of the biochar contaminant complex, which may be related to the pyrolysis process parameters. The objective of the present study was to evaluate, in a former contaminated smelting site, the impact of two doses of wood biochar (2 and 5% w/w) on metal immobilization and/or phytoavailability and their effectiveness in promoting plant growth in mesocosm experiments. Different soil mixtures were investigated. The main physicochemical parameters and the Cd, Pb, and Zn contents were determined in soil and in soil pore water. Additionally, the growth, dry weight, and metal concentrations were analyzed in the different dwarf bean plant (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) organs tested. Results showed that the addition of biochar at two doses (2 and 5%) improved soil conditions by increasing soil pH, electrical conductivity, and water holding capacity. Furthermore, the application of biochar (5%) to metal-contaminated soil reduced Cd, Pb, and Zn mobility and availability, and hence their accumulation in the different P. vulgaris L. organs. In conclusion, the data clearly demonstrated that biochar application can be effectively used for Cd, Pb, and Zn immobilization, thereby reducing their bioavailability and phytotoxicity.

Published
2018
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