4,227 results on '"Romagnoli, P"'
Search Results
2. Reflectivity Studies and Production of New Flat Mirrors for the Cherenkov Threshold Detectors at CERN
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Orgaz, J. Buesa, van Dijk, M., Banerjee, D., Bernhard, J., Brugger, M., Charitonidis, N., Rahmoun, A. Ebn, Lazzaroni, M., Marchand, V., Ruiz, I. Ortega, Parozzi, E. G., Romagnoli, G., Galan, F. Sanchez, Schneider, T., Tan, J., and van Stenis, M.
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High Energy Physics - Experiment - Abstract
Cherenkov threshold detectors (XCET) are used for identifying particles in the experimental areas at CERN. These detectors observe Cherenkov light emitted by charged particles travelling inside a pressurized gas vessel. A key component of the XCET detector is the 45-degree flat mirror reflecting the Cherenkov light towards the photomultiplier (PMT). A thorough analysis and optimization was conducted on the design and materials of this mirror, along with the surface coatings and coating techniques. A suitable manufacturing process was selected, and the first mirror prototype was produced, installed, and tested in the East Area at CERN. Experimental data obtained during beam tests is presented to assess the efficiency of the new coating and materials used., Comment: 15th International Particle Accelerator Conference,Nashville, TN
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- 2024
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3. Testing the Molecular Cloud Paradigm for Ultra-High-Energy Gamma Ray Emission from the Direction of SNR G106.3+2.7
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Alfaro, R., Alvarez, C., Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C., Rojas, D. Avila, Solares, H. A. Ayala, Babu, R., Belmont-Moreno, E., Bernal, A., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Capistrán, T., Carramiñana, A., Casanova, S., Cotti, U., Cotzomi, J., de León, S. Coutiño, De la Fuente, E., de León, C., Depaoli, D., Desiati, P., Di Lalla, N., Hernandez, R. Diaz, Dingus, B. L., DuVernois, M. A., Engel, K., Ergin, T., Espinoza, C., Fan, K. L., Fang, K., Fraija, N., Fraija, S., García-González, J. A., Garfias, F., González, M. M., Goodman, J. A., Groetsch, S., Harding, J. P., Hernández-Cadena, S., Herzog, I., Hinton, J., Huang, D., Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, F., Humensky, T. B., Hüntemeyer, P., Kaufmann, S., Kieda, D., Lee, W. H., Lee, J., Vargas, H. León, Linnemann, J. T., Longinotti, A. L., Luis-Raya, G., Malone, K., Martinez, O., Martínez-Castro, J., Matthews, J. A., Miranda-Romagnoli, P., Montes, J. A., Moreno, E., Mostafá, M., Nellen, L., Nisa, M. U., Olivera-Nieto, L., Omodei, N., Araujo, Y. Pérez, Pérez-Pérez, E. G., Rho, C. D., Rosa-González, D., Salazar, H., Salazar-Gallegos, D., Sandoval, A., Schneider, M., Serna-Franco, J., Smith, A. J., Son, Y., Springer, R. W., Tibolla, O., Tollefson, K., Torres, I., Torres-Escobedo, R., Turner, R., Ureña-Mena, F., Varela, E., Villaseñor, L., Wang, X., Wang, Z., Watson, I. J., Willox, E., Yu, S., Yun-Cárcamo, S., and Zhou, H.
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Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena - Abstract
Supernova remnants (SNRs) are believed to be capable of accelerating cosmic rays (CRs) to PeV energies. SNR G106.3+2.7 is a prime PeVatron candidate. It is formed by a head region, where the pulsar J2229+6114 and its boomerang-shaped pulsar wind nebula are located, and a tail region containing SN ejecta. The lack of observed gamma ray emission from the two regions of this SNR has made it difficult to assess which region would be responsible for the PeV CRs. We aim to characterize the very-high-energy (VHE, 0.1-100 TeV) gamma ray emission from SNR G106.3+2.7 by determining the morphology and spectral energy distribution of the region. This is accomplished using 2565 days of data and improved reconstruction algorithms from the HAWC Observatory. We also explore possible gamma ray production mechanisms for different energy ranges. Using a multi-source fitting procedure based on a maximum-likelihood estimation method, we evaluate the complex nature of this region. We determine the morphology, spectrum, and energy range for the source found in the region. Molecular cloud information is also used to create a template and evaluate the HAWC gamma ray spectral properties at ultra-high-energies (UHE, >56 TeV). This will help probe the hadronic nature of the highest-energy emission from the region. We resolve one extended source coincident with all other gamma ray observations of the region. The emission reaches above 100~TeV and its preferred log-parabola shape in the spectrum shows a flux peak in the TeV range. The molecular cloud template fit on the higher energy data reveals that the SNR's energy budget is fully capable of producing a purely hadronic source for UHE gamma rays.
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- 2024
4. TeV Analysis of a Source Rich Region with HAWC Observatory: Is HESS J1809-193 a Potential Hadronic PeVatron?
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Albert, A., Alfaro, R., Alvarez, C., Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C., Rojas, D. Avila, Babu, R., Belmont-Moreno, E., Bernal, A., Breuhaus, M., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Capistrán, T., Carramiñana, A., Casanova, S., Cotzomi, J., De la Fuente, E., Depaoli, D., Di Lalla, N., Hernandez, R. Diaz, Dingus, B. L., DuVernois, M. A., Espinoza, C., Fan, K. L., Fang, K., Fick, B., Fraija, N., García-González, J. A., Garfias, F., Munoz, A. Gonzalez, González, M. M., Goodman, J. A., Groetsch, S., Harding, J. P., Hernández-Cadena, S., Herzog, I., Huang, D., Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, F., Hüntemeyer, P., Iriarte, A., Joshi, V., Kaufmann, S., Lara, A., Lee, J., Vargas, H. León, Longinotti, A. L., Luis-Raya, G., Malone, K., Martínez-Castro, J., Matthews, J. A., Miranda-Romagnoli, P., Montes, J. A., Morales-Soto, J. A., Moreno, E., Mostafá, M., Nellen, L., Newbold, M., Nisa, M. U., Noriega-Papaqui, R., Osorio, M., Araujo, Y. Pérez, Pérez-Pérez, E. G., Rho, C. D., Rosa-González, D., Ruiz-Velasco, E., Salazar, H., Sandoval, A., Schneider, M., Serna-Franco, J., Smith, A. J., Son, Y., Springer, R. W., Tibolla, O., Tollefson, K., Torres, I., Torres-Escobedo, R., Turner, R., Ureña-Mena, F., Varela, E., Wang, X., Watson, I. J., Willox, E., Yun-Cárcamo, S., and Zhou, H.
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Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,High Energy Physics - Experiment - Abstract
HESS J1809-193 is an unidentified TeV source, first detected by the High Energy Stereoscopic System (H.E.S.S.) Collaboration. The emission originates in a source-rich region that includes several Supernova Remnants (SNR) and Pulsars (PSR) including SNR G11.1+0.1, SNR G11.0-0.0, and the young radio pulsar J1809-1917. Originally classified as a pulsar wind nebula (PWN) candidate, recent studies show the peak of the TeV region overlapping with a system of molecular clouds. This resulted in the revision of the original leptonic scenario to look for alternate hadronic scenarios. Marked as a potential PeVatron candidate, this region has been studied extensively by H.E.S.S. due to its emission extending up-to several tens of TeV. In this work, we use 2398 days of data from the High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) observatory to carry out a systematic source search for the HESS J1809-193 region. We were able to resolve emission detected as an extended component (modelled as a Symmetric Gaussian with a 1 $\sigma$ radius of 0.21 $^\circ$) with no clear cutoff at high energies and emitting photons up-to 210 TeV. We model the multi-wavelength observations for the region HESS J1809-193 using a time-dependent leptonic model and a lepto-hadronic model. Our model indicates that both scenarios could explain the observed data within the region of HESS J1809-193.
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- 2024
5. Imaging magnetic spiral phases, skyrmion clusters, and skyrmion displacements at the surface of bulk Cu$_2$OSeO$_3$
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Marchiori, E., Romagnoli, G., Schneider, L., Gross, B., Sahafi, P., Jordan, A., Budakian, R., Baral, P. R., Magrez, A., White, J. S., and Poggio, M.
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Condensed Matter - Materials Science ,Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics - Abstract
Surfaces -- by breaking bulk symmetries, introducing roughness, or hosting defects -- can significantly influence magnetic order in magnetic materials. Determining their effect on the complex nanometer-scale phases present in certain non-centrosymmetric magnets is an outstanding problem requiring high-resolution magnetic microscopy. Here, we use scanning SQUID-on-tip microscopy to image the surface of bulk Cu$_2$OSeO$_3$ at low temperature and in a magnetic field applied along $\left\langle100\right\rangle$. Real-space maps measured as a function of applied field reveal the microscopic structure of the magnetic phases and their transitions. In low applied field, we observe a magnetic texture consistent with an in-plane stripe phase, pointing to the existence of a distinct surface state. In the low-temperature skyrmion phase, the surface is populated by clusters of disordered skyrmions, which emerge from rupturing domains of the tilted spiral phase. Furthermore, we displace individual skyrmions from their pinning sites by applying an electric potential to the scanning probe, thereby demonstrating local skyrmion control at the surface of a magnetoelectric insulator., Comment: 25 pages, 13 figures, including 1 appendix and references
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- 2024
- Full Text
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6. Observation of the Galactic Center PeVatron Beyond 100 TeV with HAWC
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Albert, A., Alfaro, R., Alvarez, C., Andrés, A., Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C., Rojas, D. Avila, Solares, H. A. Ayala, Babu, R., Belmont-Moreno, E., Bernal, A., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Capistrán, T., Carramiñana, A., Casanova, S., Cotti, U., Cotzomi, J., de León, S. Coutiño, De la Fuente, E., de León, C., Depaoli, D., Di Lalla, N., Hernandez, R. Diaz, Dingus, B. L., DuVernois, M. A., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., Engel, K., Ergin, T., Espinoza, C., Fan, K. L., Fang, K., Fraija, N., Fraija, S., García-González, J. A., Garfias, F., Goksu, H., González, M. M., Goodman, J. A., Groetsch, S., Harding, J. P., Hernández-Cadena, S., Herzog, I., Hinton, J., Huang, D., Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, F., Humensky, T. B., Hüntemeyer, P., Iriarte, A., Kaufmann, S., Kieda, D., Lara, A., Lee, W. H., Lee, J., Vargas, H. León, Linnemann, J. T., Longinotti, A. L., Luis-Raya, G., Malone, K., Martinez, O., Martínez-Castro, J., Matthews, J. A., Miranda-Romagnoli, P., Montes, J. A., Morales-Soto, J. A., Moreno, E., Mostafá, M., Najafi, M., Nellen, L., Newbold, M., Nisa, M. U., Noriega-Papaqui, R., Olivera-Nieto, L., Omodei, N., Osorio-Archila, M., Araujo, Y. Pérez, Pérez-Pérez, E. G., Rho, C. D., Rosa-González, D., Ruiz-Velasco, E., Salazar, H., Salazar-Gallegos, D., Sandoval, A., Schneider, M., Schwefer, G., Serna-Franco, J., Smith, A. J., Son, Y., Springer, R. W., Tibolla, O., Tollefson, K., Torres, I., Torres-Escobedo, R., Turner, R., Ureña-Mena, F., Varela, E., Wang, X., Wang, Z., Watson, I. J., Willox, E., Wu, H., Yu, S., Yun-Cárcamo, S., and Zhou, H.
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Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena - Abstract
We report an observation of ultra-high energy (UHE) gamma rays from the Galactic Center region, using seven years of data collected by the High-Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) Observatory. The HAWC data are best described as a point-like source (HAWC J1746-2856) with a power-law spectrum ($\mathrm{d}N/\mathrm{d}E=\phi(E/26 \,\text{TeV})^{\gamma}$), where $\gamma=-2.88 \pm 0.15_{\text{stat}} - 0.1_{\text{sys}} $ and $\phi=1.5 \times 10^{-15}$ (TeV cm$^{2}$s)$^{-1}$ $\pm\, 0.3_{\text{stat}}\,^{+0.08_{\text{sys}}}_{-0.13_{\text{sys}}}$ extending from 6 to 114 TeV. We find no evidence of a spectral cutoff up to $100$ TeV using HAWC data. Two known point-like gamma-ray sources are spatially coincident with the HAWC gamma-ray excess: Sgr A$^{*}$ (HESS J1745-290) and the Arc (HESS J1746-285). We subtract the known flux contribution of these point sources from the measured flux of HAWC J1746-2856 to exclude their contamination and show that the excess observed by HAWC remains significant ($>$5$\sigma$) with the spectrum extending to $>$100 TeV. Our result supports that these detected UHE gamma rays can originate via hadronic interaction of PeV cosmic-ray protons with the dense ambient gas and confirms the presence of a proton PeVatron at the Galactic Center.
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- 2024
7. Understanding the Emission and Morphology of the Unidentified Gamma-Ray Source TeV J2032+4130
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Alfaro, R., Alvarez, C., Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C., Rojas, D. Avila, Solares, H. A. Ayala, Babu, R., Belmont-Moreno, E., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Capistrán, T., Carramiñana, A., Casanova, S., Cotti, U., Cotzomi, J., de León, S. Coutiño, De la Fuente, E., de León, C., Depaoli, D., Di Lalla, N., Hernandez, R. Diaz, Dingus, B. L., DuVernois, M. A., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., Engel, K., Ergin, T., Espinoza, C., Fan, K. L., Fraija, N., García-González, J. A., González, M. M., Goodman, J. A., Groetsch, S., Harding, J. P., Hernández-Cadena, S., Herzog, I., Huang, D., Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, F., Hüntemeyer, P., Iriarte, A., Kaufmann, S., Lee, J., Vargas, H. León, Longinotti, A. L., Luis-Raya, G., Malone, K., Martínez-Castro, J., Matthews, J. A., Miranda-Romagnoli, P., Montes, . A., Moreno, E., Mostafá, M., Nellen, L., Newbold, M., Nisa, M. U., Noriega-Papaqui, R., Araujo, Y. Pérez, Pérez-Pérez, E. G., Rho, C. D., Rosa-González, D., Ruiz-Velasco, E., Salazar, H., Salazar-Gallegos, D., Sandoval, A., Schneider, M., Serna-Franco, J., Smith, A. J., Son, Y., Springer, R. W., Tibolla, O., Tollefson, K., Torres, I., Torres-Escobedo, R., Turner, R., Ureña-Mena, F., Varela, E., Villaseñor, L., Wang, X., Wang, Zhen, Watson, I. J., Yu, S., Yun-Cárcamo, S., and Zhou, H.
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Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,High Energy Physics - Experiment - Abstract
The first TeV gamma-ray source with no lower energy counterparts, TeV J2032+4130, was discovered by HEGRA. It appears in the third HAWC catalog as 3HWC J2031+415 and it is a bright TeV gamma-ray source whose emission has previously been resolved as 2 sources: HAWC J2031+415 and HAWC J2030+409. While HAWC J2030+409 has since been associated with the \emph{Fermi-LAT} Cygnus Cocoon, no such association for HAWC J2031+415 has yet been found. In this work, we investigate the spectrum and energy-dependent morphology of HAWC J2031+415. We associate HAWC J2031+415 with the pulsar PSR J2032+4127 and perform a combined multi-wavelength analysis using radio, X-ray, and $\gamma$-ray emission. We conclude that HAWC J2031+415 and, by extension, TeV J2032+4130 are most probably a pulsar wind nebula (PWN) powered by PSR J2032+4127.
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- 2024
8. Enhancing Data Privacy in Large Language Models through Private Association Editing
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Venditti, Davide, Ruzzetti, Elena Sofia, Xompero, Giancarlo A., Giannone, Cristina, Favalli, Andrea, Romagnoli, Raniero, and Zanzotto, Fabio Massimo
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Computer Science - Computation and Language ,Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence - Abstract
Large Language Models (LLMs) are powerful tools with extensive applications, but their tendency to memorize private information raises significant concerns as private data leakage can easily happen. In this paper, we introduce Private Association Editing (PAE), a novel defense approach for private data leakage. PAE is designed to effectively remove Personally Identifiable Information (PII) without retraining the model. Our approach consists of a four-step procedure: detecting memorized PII, applying PAE cards to mitigate memorization of private data, verifying resilience to targeted data extraction (TDE) attacks, and ensuring consistency in the post-edit LLMs. The versatility and efficiency of PAE, which allows for batch modifications, significantly enhance data privacy in LLMs. Experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of PAE in mitigating private data leakage. We believe PAE will serve as a critical tool in the ongoing effort to protect data privacy in LLMs, encouraging the development of safer models for real-world applications.
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- 2024
9. Building Hybrid B-Spline And Neural Network Operators
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Romagnoli, Raffaele, Ratchford, Jasmine, and Klein, Mark H.
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Computer Science - Machine Learning ,Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence ,Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control - Abstract
Control systems are indispensable for ensuring the safety of cyber-physical systems (CPS), spanning various domains such as automobiles, airplanes, and missiles. Safeguarding CPS necessitates runtime methodologies that continuously monitor safety-critical conditions and respond in a verifiably safe manner. A fundamental aspect of many safety approaches involves predicting the future behavior of systems. However, achieving this requires accurate models that can operate in real time. Motivated by DeepONets, we propose a novel strategy that combines the inductive bias of B-splines with data-driven neural networks to facilitate real-time predictions of CPS behavior. We introduce our hybrid B-spline neural operator, establishing its capability as a universal approximator and providing rigorous bounds on the approximation error. These findings are applicable to a broad class of nonlinear autonomous systems and are validated through experimentation on a controlled 6-degree-of-freedom (DOF) quadrotor with a 12 dimensional state space. Furthermore, we conduct a comparative analysis of different network architectures, specifically fully connected networks (FCNN) and recurrent neural networks (RNN), to elucidate the practical utility and trade-offs associated with each architecture in real-world scenarios.
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- 2024
10. Performance of the HAWC Observatory and TeV Gamma-Ray Measurements of the Crab Nebula with Improved Extensive Air Shower Reconstruction Algorithms
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Albert, A ., Alfaro, R., Alvarez, C., Andrés, A ., Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C., Rojas, D. Avila, Solares, H. A. Ayala, Babu, R., Belmont-Moreno, E., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Capistrán, T., Carramiñana, A., Casanova, S., Cotti, U., Cotzomi, J., de León, S. Coutiño, De la Fuente, E., de León, C., Depaoli, D., Di Lalla, N., Hernandez, R. Diaz, Dingus, B. L ., DuVernois, M. A., Engel, K., Ergin, T., Espinoza, C ., Fan, K. L., Fang, K., Fraija, N., Fraija, S., García-González, J. A., Garfias, F., Goksu, H ., González, M. M., Goodman, J. A., Groetsch, S., Harding, J. P., Hernández-Cadena, S., Herzog, I., Hinton, J ., Huang, D., Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, F., Hüntemeyer, P., Iriarte, A., Kaufmann, S., Lara, A ., Lee, J., Vargas, H. León, Linnemann, J. T ., Longinotti, A. L., Luis-Raya, G., Malone, K., Martínez-Castro, J., Matthews, J. A., Miranda-Romagnoli, P., Montes, J. A., Moreno, E., Mostafá, M., Nellen, L., Nisa, M. U ., Noriega-Papaqui, R ., Olivera-Nieto, L ., Omodei, N., Osorio, M., Araujo, Y. Pérez, Pérez-Pérez, E. G., Rho, C. D., Rosa-González, D., Ruiz-Velasco, E ., Salazar, H., Salazar-Gallegos, D., Sandoval, A., Schneider, M., Schwefer, G ., Serna-Franco, J., Smith, A. J., Son, Y., Springer, R. W ., Tibolla, O., Tollefson, K., Torres, I., Torres-Escobedo, R., Turner, R., Ureña-Mena, F., Varela, E ., Wang, X., Watson, I. J., Whitaker, K., Willox, E., Wu, H., Yu, S ., Yun-Cárcamo, S., and Zhou, H.
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Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics - Abstract
The High-Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) Gamma-Ray Observatory located on the side of the Sierra Negra volcano in Mexico, has been fully operational since 2015. The HAWC collaboration has recently significantly improved their extensive-air-shower reconstruction algorithms, which has notably advanced the observatory performance. The energy resolution for primary gamma rays with energies below 1~TeV was improved by including a noise-suppression algorithm. Corrections have also been made to systematic errors in direction fitting related to the detector and shower plane inclinations, $\mathcal{O}(0.1^{\circ})$ biases in highly inclined showers, as well as enhancements to the core reconstruction. The angular resolution for gamma rays approaching the HAWC array from large zenith angles ($> 37^{\circ}$) has improved by a factor of four at the highest energies ($> 70$~TeV) as compared to previous reconstructions. The inclusion of a lateral distribution function fit to the extensive air shower footprint on the array to separate gamma-ray primaries from cosmic-ray ones, based on the resulting $\chi^{2}$ values, improved the background rejection performance at all inclinations. At large zenith angles, the improvement in significance is a factor of four compared to previous HAWC publications. These enhancements have been verified by observing the Crab Nebula, which is an overhead source for the HAWC Observatory. We show that the sensitivity to Crab-like point sources ($E^{-2.63}$) with locations overhead to 30$^{\circ}$ zenith is comparable or less than 10\% of the Crab Nebula's flux between 2 and 50~TeV. Thanks to these improvements, HAWC can now detect more sources, including the Galactic Center.
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- 2024
11. Search for joint multimessenger signals from potential Galactic PeVatrons with HAWC and IceCube
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Alfaro, R., Alvarez, C., Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C., Rojas, D. Avila, Solares, H. A. Ayala, Babu, R., Belmont-Moreno, E., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Capistrán, T., Carramiñana, A., Casanova, S., Cotti, U., Cotzomi, J., de León, S. Coutiño, De la Fuente, E., Depaoli, D., Di Lalla, N., Hernandez, R. Diaz, Díaz-Vélez, J. C., Engel, K., Ergin, T., Fan, K. L., Fang, K., Fraija, N., Fraija, S., García-González, J. A., Garfias, F., González, M. M., Goodman, J. A., Groetsch, S., Harding, J. P., Hernández-Cadena, S., Herzog, I., Huang, D., Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, F., Hüntemeyer, P., Iriarte, A., Kaufmann, S., Lee, J., Vargas, H. León, Longinotti, A. L., Luis-Raya, G., Malone, K., Martínez-Castro, J., Matthews, J. A., Miranda-Romagnoli, P., Montes, J. A., Moreno, E., Mostafá, M., Nellen, L., Omodei, N., Osorio, M., Araujo, Y. Pérez, Pérez-Pérez, E. G., Rho, C. D., Rosa-González, D., Salazar, H., Salazar-Gallegos, D., Sandoval, A., Schneider, M., Serna-Franco, J., Smith, A. J., Son, Y., Tibolla, O., Tollefson, K., Torres, I., Torres-Escobedo, R., Turner, R., Ureña-Mena, F., Wang, X., Watson, I. J., Whitaker, K., Willox, E., Wu, H., Yun-Cárcamo, S., Zhou, H., de León, C., Abbasi, R., Ackermann, M., Adams, J., Agarwalla, S. K., Aguilar, J. A., Ahlers, M., Alameddine, J. M., Amin, N. M., Andeen, K., Argüelles, C., Ashida, Y., Athanasiadou, S., Ausborm, L., Axani, S. N., Bai, X., V., A. Balagopal, Baricevic, M., Barwick, S. W., Bash, S., Basu, V., Bay, R., Beatty, J. J., Tjus, J. Becker, Beise, J., Bellenghi, C., Benning, C., BenZvi, S., Berley, D., Bernardini, E., Besson, D. Z., Blaufuss, E., Bloom, L., Blot, S., Bontempo, F., Motzkin, J. Y. Book, Meneguolo, C. Boscolo, Böser, S., Botner, O., Böttcher, J., Braun, J., Brinson, B., Brostean-Kaiser, J., Brusa, L., Burley, R. T., Butterfield, D., Campana, M. A., Caracas, I., Carloni, K., Carpio, J., Chattopadhyay, S., Chau, N., Chen, Z., Chirkin, D., Choi, S., Clark, B. A., Coleman, A., Collin, G. H., Connolly, A., Conrad, J. M., Coppin, P., Corley, R., Correa, P., Cowen, D. F., Dave, P., De Clercq, C., DeLaunay, J. J., Delgado, D., Deng, S., Desai, A., Desiati, P., de Vries, K. D., de Wasseige, G., DeYoung, T., Diaz, A., Dierichs, P., Dittmer, M., Domi, A., Draper, L., Dujmovic, H., Dutta, K., DuVernois, M. A., Ehrhardt, T., Eidenschink, L., Eimer, A., Eller, P., Ellinger, E., Mentawi, S. El, Elsässer, D., Engel, R., Erpenbeck, H., Evans, J., Evenson, P. A., Farrag, K., Fazely, A. R., Fedynitch, A., Feigl, N., Fiedlschuster, S., Finley, C., Fischer, L., Fox, D., Franckowiak, A., Fukami, S., Fürst, P., Gallagher, J., Ganster, E., Garcia, A., Garcia, M., Garg, G., Genton, E., Gerhardt, L., Ghadimi, A., Girard-Carillo, C., Glaser, C., Glüsenkamp, T., Gonzalez, J. G., Goswami, S., Granados, A., Grant, D., Gray, S. J., Gries, O., Griffin, S., Griswold, S., Groth, K. M., Günther, C., Gutjahr, P., Ha, C., Haack, C., Hallgren, A., Halve, L., Halzen, F., Hamdaoui, H., Minh, M. Ha, Handt, M., Hanson, K., Hardin, J., Harnisch, A. A., Hatch, P., Haungs, A., Häußler, J., Helbing, K., Hellrung, J., Hermannsgabner, J., Heuermann, L., Heyer, N., Hickford, S., Hidvegi, A., Hill, C., Hill, G. C., Hoffman, K. D., Hori, S., Hoshina, K., Hostert, M., Hou, W., Huber, T., Hultqvist, K., Hünnefeld, M., Hussain, R., Hymon, K., Ishihara, A., Iwakiri, W., Jacquart, M., Janik, O., Jansson, M., Japaridze, G. S., Jeong, M., Jin, M., Jones, B. J. P., Kamp, N., Kang, D., Kang, W., Kang, X., Kappes, A., Kappesser, D., Kardum, L., Karg, T., Karl, M., Karle, A., Katil, A., Katz, U., Kauer, M., Kelley, J. L., Khanal, M., Zathul, A. Khatee, Kheirandish, A., Kiryluk, J., Klein, S. R., Kochocki, A., Koirala, R., Kolanoski, H., Kontrimas, T., Köpke, L., Kopper, C., Koskinen, D. J., Koundal, P., Kovacevich, M., Kowalski, M., Kozynets, T., Krishnamoorthi, J., Kruiswijk, K., Krupczak, E., Kumar, A., Kun, E., Kurahashi, N., Lad, N., Gualda, C. Lagunas, Lamoureux, M., Larson, M. J., Latseva, S., Lauber, F., Lazar, J. P., Lee, J. W., DeHolton, K. Leonard, Leszczyńska, A., Liao, J., Lincetto, M., Liu, Y. T., Liubarska, M., Lohfink, E., Love, C., Mariscal, C. J. Lozano, Lu, L., Lucarelli, F., Luszczak, W., Lyu, Y., Madsen, J., Magnus, E., Mahn, K. B. M., Makino, Y., Manao, E., Mancina, S., Sainte, W. Marie, Mariş, I. C., Marka, S., Marka, Z., Marsee, M., Martinez-Soler, I., Maruyama, R., Mayhew, F., McNally, F., Mead, J. V., Meagher, K., Mechbal, S., Medina, A., Meier, M., Merckx, Y., Merten, L., Micallef, J., Mitchell, J., Montaruli, T., Moore, R. W., Morii, Y., Morse, R., Moulai, M., Mukherjee, T., Naab, R., Nagai, R., Nakos, M., Naumann, U., Necker, J., Negi, A., Neste, L., Neumann, M., Niederhausen, H., Noda, K., Noell, A., Novikov, A., Pollmann, A. Obertacke, O'Dell, V., Oeyen, B., Olivas, A., Orsoe, R., Osborn, J., O'Sullivan, E., Pandya, H., Park, N., Parker, G. K., Paudel, E. N., Paul, L., Heros, C. Pérez de los, Pernice, T., Peterson, J., Philippen, S., Pizzuto, A., Plum, M., Pontén, A., Popovych, Y., Rodriguez, M. Prado, Pries, B., Procter-Murphy, R., Przybylski, G. T., Raab, C., Rack-Helleis, J., Ravn, M., Rawlins, K., Rechav, Z., Rehman, A., Reichherzer, P., Resconi, E., Reusch, S., Rhode, W., Riedel, B., Rifaie, A., Roberts, E. J., Robertson, S., Rodan, S., Roellinghoff, G., Rongen, M., Rosted, A., Rott, C., Ruhe, T., Ruohan, L., Ryckbosch, D., Safa, I., Saffer, J., Sampathkumar, P., Sandrock, A., Santander, M., Sarkar, S., Savelberg, J., Savina, P., Schaile, P., Schaufel, M., Schieler, H., Schindler, S., Schlüter, B., Schlüter, F., Schmeisser, N., Schmidt, T., Schneider, J., Schröder, F. G., Schumacher, L., Sclafani, S., Seckel, D., Seikh, M., Seo, M., Seunarine, S., Myhr, P. Sevle, Shah, R., Shefali, S., Shimizu, N., Silva, M., Skrzypek, B., Smithers, B., Snihur, R., Soedingrekso, J., Søgaard, A., Soldin, D., Soldin, P., Sommani, G., Spannfellner, C., Spiczak, G. M., Spiering, C., Stamatikos, M., Stanev, T., Stezelberger, T., Stürwald, T., Stuttard, T., Sullivan, G. W., Taboada, I., Ter-Antonyan, S., Terliuk, A., Thiesmeyer, M., Thompson, W. G., Thwaites, J., Tilav, S., Tönnis, C., Toscano, S., Tosi, D., Trettin, A., Turcotte, R., Twagirayezu, J. P., Elorrieta, M. A. Unland, Upadhyay, A. K., Upshaw, K., Vaidyanathan, A., Valtonen-Mattila, N., Vandenbroucke, J., van Eijndhoven, N., Vannerom, D., van Santen, J., Vara, J., Veitch-Michaelis, J., Venugopal, M., Vereecken, M., Verpoest, S., Veske, D., Vijai, A., Walck, C., Wang, A., Weaver, C., Weigel, P., Weindl, A., Weldert, J., Wen, A. Y., Wendt, C., Werthebach, J., Weyrauch, M., Whitehorn, N., Wiebusch, C. H., Williams, D. R., Witthaus, L., Wolf, A., Wolf, M., Wrede, G., Xu, X. W., Yanez, J. P., Yildizci, E., Yoshida, S., Young, R., Yu, S., Yuan, T., Zhang, Z., Zhelnin, P., Zilberman, P., and Zimmerman, M.
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Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena - Abstract
Galactic PeVatrons are sources that can accelerate cosmic rays to PeV energies. The high-energy cosmic rays are expected to interact with the surrounding ambient material or radiation, resulting in the production of gamma rays and neutrinos. To optimize for the detection of such associated production of gamma rays and neutrinos for a given source morphology and spectrum, a multi-messenger analysis that combines gamma rays and neutrinos is required. In this study, we use the Multi-Mission Maximum Likelihood framework (3ML) with IceCube Maximum Likelihood Analysis software (i3mla) and HAWC Accelerated Likelihood (HAL) to search for a correlation between 22 known gamma-ray sources from the third HAWC gamma-ray catalog and 14 years of IceCube track-like data. No significant neutrino emission from the direction of the HAWC sources was found. We report the best-fit gamma-ray model and 90% CL neutrino flux limit from the 22 sources. From the neutrino flux limit, we conclude that the gamma-ray emission from five of the sources can not be produced purely from hadronic interactions. We report the limit for the fraction of gamma rays produced by hadronic interactions for these five sources.
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- 2024
12. Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning with Control-Theoretic Safety Guarantees for Dynamic Network Bridging
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Galliera, Raffaele, Mitsopoulos, Konstantinos, Suri, Niranjan, and Romagnoli, Raffaele
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Computer Science - Multiagent Systems ,Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence ,Computer Science - Machine Learning ,Computer Science - Networking and Internet Architecture ,Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control - Abstract
Addressing complex cooperative tasks in safety-critical environments poses significant challenges for Multi-Agent Systems, especially under conditions of partial observability. This work introduces a hybrid approach that integrates Multi-Agent Reinforcement Learning with control-theoretic methods to ensure safe and efficient distributed strategies. Our contributions include a novel setpoint update algorithm that dynamically adjusts agents' positions to preserve safety conditions without compromising the mission's objectives. Through experimental validation, we demonstrate significant advantages over conventional MARL strategies, achieving comparable task performance with zero safety violations. Our findings indicate that integrating safe control with learning approaches not only enhances safety compliance but also achieves good performance in mission objectives., Comment: 7 pages, 21 equations, 3 figures, 1 algorithm, and 1 table
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- 2024
13. Investigating the Impact of Data Contamination of Large Language Models in Text-to-SQL Translation
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Ranaldi, Federico, Ruzzetti, Elena Sofia, Onorati, Dario, Ranaldi, Leonardo, Giannone, Cristina, Favalli, Andrea, Romagnoli, Raniero, and Zanzotto, Fabio Massimo
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Computer Science - Computation and Language ,Computer Science - Machine Learning - Abstract
Understanding textual description to generate code seems to be an achieved capability of instruction-following Large Language Models (LLMs) in zero-shot scenario. However, there is a severe possibility that this translation ability may be influenced by having seen target textual descriptions and the related code. This effect is known as Data Contamination. In this study, we investigate the impact of Data Contamination on the performance of GPT-3.5 in the Text-to-SQL code-generating tasks. Hence, we introduce a novel method to detect Data Contamination in GPTs and examine GPT-3.5's Text-to-SQL performances using the known Spider Dataset and our new unfamiliar dataset Termite. Furthermore, we analyze GPT-3.5's efficacy on databases with modified information via an adversarial table disconnection (ATD) approach, complicating Text-to-SQL tasks by removing structural pieces of information from the database. Our results indicate a significant performance drop in GPT-3.5 on the unfamiliar Termite dataset, even with ATD modifications, highlighting the effect of Data Contamination on LLMs in Text-to-SQL translation tasks.
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- 2024
14. Exerting force at the maximal speed drives the increase in power output in elite athletes after 4 weeks of resistance training
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Lecce, Edoardo, Romagnoli, Ruggero, Frinolli, Giorgio, Felici, Francesco, Piacentini, Maria Francesca, and Bazzucchi, Ilenia
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- 2024
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15. Comparative analysis of phytoplankton diversity using microscopy and metabarcoding: insights from an eLTER station in the Northern Adriatic Sea
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Neri, Francesca, Ubaldi, Marika, Accoroni, Stefano, Ricci, Sara, Banchi, Elisa, Romagnoli, Tiziana, and Totti, Cecilia
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- 2024
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16. Cornerstones and divergencies in the implementation and use of liver hypertrophy techniques: results from a nationwide survey for the set-up of the prospective registry
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Ratti, Francesca, Serenari, Matteo, Avolio, Alfonso, Batignani, Giacomo, Boggi, Ugo, Brolese, Alberto, Caccamo, Lucio, Celotti, Andrea, Cillo, Umberto, Cinardi, Nicola, Cotsoglou, Christian, Dalla Valle, Raffaele, De Carlis, Luciano, De Simone, Paolo, Di Benedetto, Fabrizio, Ercolani, Giorgio, Ettorre, Giuseppe Maria, Fedi, Massimo, Ferrero, Alessandro, Giuliani, Antonio, Giuliante, Felice, Grazi, Gian Luca, Gruttadauria, Salvatore, Guglielmi, Alfredo, Izzo, Francesco, Lai, Quirino, Lorenzin, Dario, Maestri, Marcello, Massani, Marco, Mazzaferro, Vincenzo, Memeo, Riccardo, Nardo, Bruno, Portolani, Nazario, Ravaioli, Matteo, Rocca, Aldo, Romagnoli, Renato, Romano, Fabrizio, Saladino, Edoardo, Tisone, Giuseppe, Troisi, Roberto, Veneroni, Luigi, Vennarecci, Giovanni, Viganò, Luca, Viola, Giuseppe, Vivarelli, Marco, Zanus, Giacomo, Aldrighetti, Luca, and Jovine, Elio
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- 2024
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17. Quality of life in women with breast cancer undergoing neoadjuvant chemotherapy: comparison between PICC and PICC-port
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Pinelli, Fulvio, Barbani, Francesco, Defilippo, Barbara, Fundarò, Angela, Nella, Alessandra, Selmi, Valentina, Romagnoli, Stefano, and Villa, Gianluca
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- 2024
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18. The Italian experience on liver transplantation for unresectable peri-hilar cholangiocarcinoma: a national survey and future perspectives
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Gringeri, Enrico, Furlanetto, Alessandro, Billato, Ilaria, Cescon, Matteo, De Carlis, Luciano, Mazzaferro, Vincenzo, Romagnoli, Renato, De Simone, Paolo, Vivarelli, Marco, Di Benedetto, Fabrizio, Ravaioli, Matteo, Lauterio, Andrea, Sposito, Carlo, Patrono, Damiano, Ghinolfi, Davide, Moccheggiani, Federico, Di Sandro, Stefano, D’Amico, Francesco Enrico, Lanari, Jacopo, Gambato, Martina, Trapani, Silvia, Bergamo, Francesca, Cardillo, Massimo, Burra, Patrizia, and Cillo, Umberto
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- 2024
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19. Pulsating electromagnetic fields for perineal lacerations and surgical wounds healing in the postpartum: a pilot study
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Carbone, Ilma Floriana, Gigli, Francesca Maria Paola, Rossi, Gabriele, Romagnoli, Valentina, Gallicola, Benedetta, Sandi, Flavia, Esposito, Giovanna, and Ferrazzi, Enrico Mario
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- 2024
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20. Broad use of processed EEG: ready for prime time yet?
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Rasulo, Frank A., Claassen, Jan, and Romagnoli, Stefano
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- 2024
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21. Non-invasive technology for brain monitoring: definition and meaning of the principal parameters for the International PRactice On TEChnology neuro-moniToring group (I-PROTECT)
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Romagnoli, Stefano, Lobo, Francisco A., Picetti, Edoardo, Rasulo, Frank A., Robba, Chiara, and Matta, Basil
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- 2024
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22. Graphene phase modulators operating in the transparency regime
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Watson, H. F. Y., Ruocco, A., Tiberi, M., Muench, J. E., Balci, O., Shinde, S. M., Mignuzzi, S., Pantouvaki, M., Van Thourhout, D., Sordan, R., Tomadin, A., Romagnoli, M., and Ferrari, A. C.
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Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors ,Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics ,Condensed Matter - Materials Science - Abstract
Next-generation data networks need to support Tb/s rates. In-phase and quadrature (IQ) modulation combine phase and intensity information to increase the density of encoded data, reduce overall power consumption by minimising the number of channels, and increase noise tolerance. To reduce errors when decoding the received signal, intersymbol interference must be minimised. This is achieved with pure phase modulation, where the phase of the optical signal is controlled without changing its intensity. Phase modulators are characterised by the voltage required to achieve a $\pi$ phase shift V$_{\pi}$, the device length L, and their product V$_{\pi}$L. To reduce power consumption, IQ modulators are needed with$<$1V drive voltages and compact (sub-cm) dimensions, which translate in V$_\pi$L$<$1Vcm. Si and LiNbO$_3$ (LN) IQ modulators do not currently meet these requirements, because V$_{\pi}$L$>$1Vcm. Here, we report a double single-layer graphene (SLG) Mach-Zehnder modulator (MZM) with pure phase modulation in the transparent regime, where optical losses are minimised and remain constant with increasing voltage. Our device has $V_{\pi}L\sim$0.3Vcm, matching state-of-the-art SLG-based MZMs and plasmonic LN MZMs, but with pure phase modulation and low insertion loss ($\sim$5dB), essential for IQ modulation. Our $V_\pi L$ is$\sim$5 times lower than the lowest thin-film LN MZMs, and$\sim$3 times lower than the lowest Si MZMs. This enables devices with complementary metal-oxide semiconductor compatible V$_\pi$L ($<$1Vcm) and smaller footprint than LN or Si MZMs, improving circuit density and reducing power consumption by one order of magnitude.
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- 2023
23. Yoga, benign prostatic hyperplasia and lower urinary tract symptoms: a new path for clinical trials
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Lombardo, Riccardo, Russo, Giorgio Ivan, Romagnoli, Matteo, Tema, Giorgia, Nacchia, Antonio, Franco, Antonio, Cicione, Antonio, Franco, Giorgio, Tubaro, Andrea, and De Nunzio, Cosimo
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- 2024
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24. Collaborative Approaches in Online Nurse Education: A Systematic Literature Review
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Pozzi, Francesca, Manganello, Flavio, Passarelli, Marcello, Persico, Donatella, and Romagnoli, Marta
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According to the socio-constructivist theories of learning, collaborative learning allows negotiation of shared meanings and co-construction of new knowledge among peers. This approach fits particularly well with healthcare professional education needs, as these professionals often face challenging issues that require the ability to fully understand the complexity of the patients' health conditions through working with others. However, while collaborative learning approaches are widely used in face-to-face nurse education contexts, their online equivalent still seem to be understudied, in spite of their great potential for the field. This systematic literature review investigates: (1) to what extent are online collaborative learning activities being adopted and investigated in formal nurse education, (2) What kind of online collaborative learning activities/techniques are proposed and what team structures are employed, (3) what technologies are used to run these learning activities, and (4) what methods are used to evaluate the impact of these activities. Studies were included if they presented online collaborative learning activities proposed by Universities or VET (Vocational Education and Training) providers. Articles published in 2015 or later were collected in November 2022 from Scopus, Web of Science and Medline. A total of 1059 records were retrieved, selected and analysed by four coders, resulting in a final dataset of 75 papers that were coded for type of collaborative approach, study characteristics, research methodology used, strength of evidence, and relevance to the research questions. Most of them described the use of activities like Discussions, Case Studies and Peer Reviews, sometimes in association with Role Play. In terms of technologies, Learning Managements Systems, forums and social media were already common pre-pandemic, but during the lockdown synchronous communication tools -- often used to support simulations -- took over. Data collection was carried out quantitatively, qualitatively or using mixed methods, but in many cases data reporting is weak or absent at all. The majority of the retrieved papers illustrate activities where collaboration was not structured in any way and there was no joint assignment or common objective/artefact that learners needed to reach/produce. In case of blended interventions, often collaboration is limited to the face-to-face sessions, while the digital setting is used for individual work. In terms of social structure, most of the time small groups or plenaries are used. In summary, the review reveals that studies on online collaborative learning for nurses are limited, especially in Europe, and the design of online collaborative activities often clashes with the principles put forward by the Computer Supported Collaborative Learning (CSCL) research community. Based on the results of the review we put forth some key recommendations, such as ensuring that online collaboration involves the creation of a shared artefact and striving to make virtual simulations actually collaborative, rather than limited to envisage student interactions in the debriefing phase. The paper also proposes a number of research areas seldom investigated and that would deserve further attention in the future.
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- 2023
25. Combined transarterial chemoembolization and thermal ablation in candidates to liver transplantation with hepatocellular carcinoma: pathological findings and post-transplant outcome
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Fronda, Marco, Susanna, Eleonora, Doriguzzi Breatta, Andrea, Gazzera, Carlo, Patrono, Damiano, Piccione, Federica, Bertero, Luca, Ciferri, Fernanda, Carucci, Patrizia, Gaia, Silvia, Rolle, Emanuela, Vocino Trucco, Giulia, Bergamasco, Laura, Tandoi, Francesco, Cassoni, Paola, Romagnoli, Renato, Fonio, Paolo, and Calandri, Marco
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- 2024
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26. Does a Poor Preoperative Nutritional Status Impact outcomes of Heart Valve Surgery?
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Pavone, Natalia, Cammertoni, F., Bruno, P., Cutrone, G., Chiariello, G. A., Calabrese, M., Grandinetti, M., Nesta, M., Marzetti, E., Calvani, R., Gambardella, R., Conserva, A. D., Romagnoli, E., Burzotta, F., and Massetti, M.
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- 2024
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27. Microalga Chlorella vulgaris 211/11j as a promising strain for low temperature climate
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Ievina, B. and Romagnoli, F.
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- 2024
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28. Galactic Gamma-Ray Diffuse Emission at TeV energies with HAWC Data
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Alfaro, R., Alvarez, C., Arteaga-Velazquez, J. C., Arunbabu, K. P., Rojas, D. Avila, Babu, R., Baghmanyan, V., Belmont-Moreno, E., Brisbois, C., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Capistran, T., Carraminana, A., Casanova, S., Chaparro-Amaro, O., Cotti, U., Cotzomi, J., de Leon, S. Coutino, De la Fuente, E., Hernandez, R. Diaz, DuVernois, M. A., Durocher, M., Dıaz-Velez, J. C., Engel, K., Espinoza, C., Fan, K. L., Fraija, N., Galvan-Gamez, A., Garcıa-Gonzalez, J. A., Garfias, F., Gonzalez, M. M., Goodman, J. A., Hernandez, S., Hona, B., Huang, D., Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, F., Humensky, T. B., Iriarte, A., Joshi, V., Kaufmann, S., Kieda, D., Kunde, G. J., Lara, A., Vargas, H. Leon, Linnemann, J. T., Longinotti, A. L., Luis-Raya, G., Malone, K., Martinez, O., Martınez-Castro, J., Matthews, J. A., Miranda-Romagnoli, P., Moreno, E., Mostafa, M., Nayerhoda, A., Nellen, L., Noriega-Papaqui, R., Perez-Perez, E. G., Rosa-Gonzalez, D., Ruiz-Velasco, E., Salazar, H., Salazar-Gallegos, D., Greus, F. Salesa, Sandoval, A., Serna-Franco, J., Smith, A. J., Springer, R. W., Tibolla, O., Tollefson, K., Torres, I., Torres-Escobedo, R., Urena-Mena, F., Villasenor, L., Willox, E., Zhou, H., de Leon, C., Fornieri, O., Gaggero, D., Grasso, D., Marinelli, A., and Ventura, S.
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Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena - Abstract
The Galactic gamma-ray diffuse emission (GDE) is emitted by cosmic rays (CRs), ultra-relativistic protons and electrons, interacting with gas and electromagnetic radiation fields in the interstellar medium. Here we present the analysis of TeV diffuse emission from a region of the Galactic Plane over the range in longitude of $l\in[43^\circ,73^\circ]$, using data collected with the High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) detector. Spectral, longitudinal and latitudinal distributions of the TeV diffuse emission are shown. The radiation spectrum is compatible with the spectrum of the emission arising from a CR population with an "index" similar to that of the observed CRs. When comparing with the \texttt{DRAGON} \textit{base model}, the HAWC GDE flux is higher by about a factor of two. Unresolved sources such as pulsar wind nebulae and TeV halos could explain the excess emission. Finally, deviations of the Galactic CR flux from the locally measured CR flux may additionally explain the difference between the predicted and measured diffuse fluxes.
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- 2023
29. HAWC Study of Very-High-Energy $\gamma$-ray Spectrum of HAWC J1844-034
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HAWC Collaboration, Albert, A., Alvarez, C., Rojas, D. Avila, Solares, H. A. Ayala, Babu, R., Belmont-Moreno, E., Breuhaus, M., Capistrán, T., Carramiñana, A., Casanova, S., Cotzomi, J., de León, S. Coutiño, De la Fuente, E., Depaoli, D., Hernandez, R. Diaz, Dingus, B. L., DuVernois, M. A., Durocher, M., Engel, K., Espinoza, C., Fan, K. L., Fang, K., Fraija, N., García-González, J. A., González, M. M., Goodman, J. A., Groetsch, S., Harding, J. P., Herzog, I., Hinton, J., Huang, D., Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, F., Humensky, T. B., Hüntemeyer, P., Joshi, V., Kaufmann, S., Lee, J., Vargas, H. León, Longinotti, A. L., Luis-Raya, G., Malone, K., Martinez, O., Martínez-Castro, J., Matthews, J. A., Miranda-Romagnoli, P., Morales-Soto, J. A., Moreno, E., Mostafá, M., Nellen, L., Noriega-Papaqui, R., Olivera-Nieto, L., Omodei, N., Pérez-Pérez, E. G., Rho, C. D., Rosa-González, D., Ruiz-Velasco, E., Salazar, H., Salazar-Gallegos, D., Sandoval, A., Schneider, M., Serna-Franco, J., Smith, A. J., Son, Y., Springer, R. W., Tibolla, O., Tollefson, K., Torres, I., Torres-Escobedo, R., Turner, R., Ureña-Mena, F., Varela, E., Villaseñor, L., Wang, X., Watson, I. J., Willox, E., and Zhou, H.
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Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena - Abstract
Recently, the region surrounding eHWC J1842-035 has been studied extensively by gamma-ray observatories due to its extended emission reaching up to a few hundred TeV and potential as a hadronic accelerator. In this work, we use 1,910 days of cumulative data from the High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) observatory to carry out a dedicated systematic source search of the eHWC J1842-035 region. During the search we have found three sources in the region, namely, HAWC J1844-034, HAWC J1843-032, and HAWC J1846-025. We have identified HAWC J1844-034 as the extended source that emits photons with energies up to 175 TeV. We compute the spectrum for HAWC J1844-034 and by comparing with the observational results from other experiments, we have identified HESS J1843-033, LHAASO J1843-0338, and TASG J1844-038 as very-high-energy gamma-ray sources with a matching origin. Also, we present and use the multi-wavelength data to fit the hadronic and leptonic particle spectra. We have identified four pulsar candidates in the nearby region from which PSR J1844-0346 is found to be the most likely candidate due to its proximity to HAWC J1844-034 and the computed energy budget. We have also found SNR G28.6-0.1 as a potential counterpart source of HAWC J1844-034 for which both leptonic and hadronic scenarios are feasible., Comment: 13 pages, 9 figures, published in ApJ
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- 2023
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30. Search for Decaying Dark Matter in the Virgo Cluster of Galaxies with HAWC
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Albert, A., Alfaro, R., Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C., Solares, H. A. Ayala, Babu, R., Belmont-Moreno, E., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Capistrán, T., Carramiñana, A., Casanova, S., Cotzomi, J., de León, S. Coutiño, Depaoli, D., Hernandez, R. Diaz, DuVernois, M. A., Durocher, M., Fraija, N., García-González, J. A., González, M. M., Goodman, J. A., Harding, J. P., Hernández-Cadena, S., Herzog, I., Huang, D., Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, F., Joshi, V., Kaufmann, S., Vargas, H. León, Linnemann, J. T., Longinotti, A. L., Luis-Raya, G., Malone, K., Martínez-Castro, J., Matthews, J. A., Miranda-Romagnoli, P., Morales-Soto, J. A., Mostafá, M., Nayerhoda, A., Nellen, L., Nisa, M. U., Noriega-Papaqui, R., Omodei, N., Pérez-Pérez, E. G., Rho, C. D., Rosa-González, D., Schneider, M., Son, Y., Springer, R. W., Tibolla, O., Tollefson, K., Torres, I., Torres-Escobedo, R., Turner, R., Ureña-Mena, F., Villaseñor, L., Wang, X., Watson, I. J., and Yun-Cárcamo, S.
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Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,High Energy Physics - Phenomenology - Abstract
The decay or annihilation of dark matter particles may produce a steady flux of very-high-energy gamma rays detectable above the diffuse background. Nearby clusters of galaxies provide excellent targets to search for the signatures of particle dark matter interactions. In particular, the Virgo cluster spans several degrees across the sky and can be efficiently probed with a wide field-of-view instrument. The High Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) observatory, due to its wide field of view and sensitivity to gamma rays at an energy scale of 300 GeV--100 TeV is well-suited for this search. Using 2141 days of data, we search for gamma-ray emission from the Virgo cluster, assuming well-motivated dark matter sub-structure models. Our results provide some of the strongest constraints on the decay lifetime of dark matter for masses above 10 TeV., Comment: 7 pages, 3 figures. Accepted for publication in Physical Review D
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- 2023
31. Reinforcement Learning-based Optimal Control and Software Rejuvenation for Safe and Efficient UAV Navigation
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Chen, Angela, Mitsopoulos, Konstantinos, and Romagnoli, Raffaele
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Electrical Engineering and Systems Science - Systems and Control - Abstract
Unmanned autonomous vehicles (UAVs) rely on effective path planning and tracking control to accomplish complex tasks in various domains. Reinforcement Learning (RL) methods are becoming increasingly popular in control applications, as they can learn from data and deal with unmodelled dynamics. Cyber-physical systems (CPSs), such as UAVs, integrate sensing, network communication, control, and computation to solve challenging problems. In this context, Software Rejuvenation (SR) is a protection mechanism that refreshes the control software to mitigate cyber-attacks, but it can affect the tracking controller's performance due to discrepancies between the control software and the physical system state. Traditional approaches to mitigate this effect are conservative, hindering the overall system performance. In this paper, we propose a novel approach that incorporates Deep Reinforcement Learning (Deep RL) into SR to design a safe and high-performing tracking controller. Our approach optimizes safety and performance, and we demonstrate its effectiveness during UAV simulations. We compare our approach with traditional methods and show that it improves the system's performance while maintaining safety constraints.
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- 2023
32. Correction to: Generation of deposit-derived pyroclastic density currents by repeated crater rim failures at Stromboli Volcano (Italy)
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Di Traglia, Federico, Berardino, Paolo, Borselli, Lorenzo, Calabria, Pierfrancesco, Calvari, Sonia, Casalbore, Daniele, Casagli, Nicola, Casu, Francesco, Chiocci, Francesco Latino, Civico, Riccardo, De Cesare, Walter, De Luca, Claudio, Del Soldato, Matteo, Esposito, Antonietta, Esposito, Carmen, Favalli, Massimiliano, Fornaciai, Alessandro, Giudicepietro, Flora, Gracchi, Teresa, Lanari, Riccardo, Macedonio, Giovanni, Monterroso, Fernando, Natale, Antonio, Nolesini, Teresa, Perna, Stefano, Ricci, Tullio, Romagnoli, Claudia, Rossi, Guglielmo, and Stefanelli, Carlo Tacconi
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- 2024
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33. Generation of deposit-derived pyroclastic density currents by repeated crater rim failures at Stromboli Volcano (Italy)
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Di Traglia, Federico, Berardino, Paolo, Borselli, Lorenzo, Calabria, Pierfrancesco, Calvari, Sonia, Casalbore, Daniele, Casagli, Nicola, Casu, Francesco, Chiocci, Francesco Latino, Civico, Riccardo, De Cesare, Walter, De Luca, Claudio, Del Soldato, Matteo, Esposito, Antonietta, Esposito, Carmen, Favalli, Massimiliano, Fornaciai, Alessandro, Giudicepietro, Flora, Gracchi, Teresa, Lanari, Riccardo, Macedonio, Giovanni, Monterroso, Fernando, Natale, Antonio, Nolesini, Teresa, Perna, Stefano, Ricci, Tullio, Romagnoli, Claudia, Rossi, Guglielmo, and Stefanelli, Carlo Tacconi
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- 2024
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34. Imaging magnetic spiral phases, skyrmion clusters, and skyrmion displacements at the surface of bulk Cu2OSeO3
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Estefani Marchiori, Giulio Romagnoli, Lukas Schneider, Boris Gross, Pardis Sahafi, Andrew Jordan, Raffi Budakian, Priya R. Baral, Arnaud Magrez, Jonathan S. White, and Martino Poggio
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Materials of engineering and construction. Mechanics of materials ,TA401-492 - Abstract
Abstract Surfaces – by breaking bulk symmetries, introducing roughness, or hosting defects – can significantly influence magnetic order in magnetic materials. Determining their effect on the complex nanometer-scale phases present in certain non-centrosymmetric magnets is an outstanding problem requiring high-resolution magnetic microscopy. Here, we use scanning SQUID microscopy to image the surface of bulk Cu2OSeO3 at low temperature and in a magnetic field applied along $$\left\langle 100\right\rangle$$ 100 . Real-space maps measured as a function of applied field reveal the microscopic structure of the magnetic phases and their transitions. In low applied field, we observe a magnetic texture consistent with an in-plane stripe phase, pointing to the existence of a distinct surface state. In the low-temperature skyrmion phase, the surface is populated by clusters of disordered skyrmions, which emerge from rupturing domains of the tilted spiral phase. Furthermore, we displace individual skyrmions from their pinning sites by applying an electric potential to the scanning probe, thereby demonstrating local skyrmion control at the surface of a magnetoelectric insulator.
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- 2024
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35. On a chemotaxis model with nonlinear diffusion modelling multiple sclerosis
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Fagioli, S., Radici, E., and Romagnoli, L.
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Mathematics - Analysis of PDEs ,35K65, 35B45, 35Q92, 35K57, 92C17 - Abstract
We investigated existence of global weak solutions for a system of chemotaxis type with nonlinear degenerate diffusion, arising in modelling Multiple Sclerosis disease. The model consists of three equations describing the evolution of macrophages ($m$), cytokine ($c$) and apoptotic oligodendrocytes ($d$). The main novelty in our work is the presence of a nonlinear diffusivity $D(m)$, which results to be more appropriate from the modelling point of view. Under suitable assumptions and for sufficiently regular initial data, adapting the strategy in [30,44], we show the existence of global bounded solutions for the model analysed.
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- 2023
36. High-speed Source-Device-Independent Quantum Random Number Generator on a Chip
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Bertapelle, Tommaso, Avesani, Marco, Santamato, Alberto, Montanaro, Alberto, Chiesa, Marco, Rotta, Davide, Artiglia, Massimo, Sorianello, Vito, Testa, Francesco, De Angelis, Gabriele, Contestabile, Giampiero, Vallone, Giuseppe, Romagnoli, Marco, and Villoresi, Paolo
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Quantum Physics - Abstract
A wide range of applications require, by hypothesis, to have access to a high-speed, private, and genuine random source. Quantum Random Number Generators (QRNGs) are currently the sole technology capable of producing true randomness. However, the bulkiness of current implementations significantly limits their adoption. In this work, we present a high-performance source-device independent QRNG leveraging a custom made integrated photonic chip. The proposed scheme exploits the properties of a heterodyne receiver to enhance security and integration to promote spatial footprint reduction while simplifying its implementation. This characteristics could represents a significant advancement toward the development of generators better suited to meet the demands of portable and space applications. The system can deliver secure random numbers at a rate greater than 20 Gbps with a reduced spatial and power footprint., Comment: 8 pages, 7 figures
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- 2023
37. Freeze-drying protocols and methods of maintaining the in-vitro biological activity of horse platelet lysate
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Chiara Bernardini, Noemi Romagnoli, Isabelle Casalini, Maria Elena Turba, Alessandro Spadari, Monica Forni, and Fabio Gentilini
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Mesenchymal stem cells ,large animal ,equine ,platelet lysate ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
Platelet lysate, derived from platelets, are valuable biological products rich in bioactive molecules. Their use promotes tissue healing and modulates inflammation. However, maintaining the stability and bioactivity of platelet lysate is challenging since they degrade rapidly at room temperature. This study focused on the possibility to confer enhanced stability to freeze-dried equine platelet lysate as an alternative to platelet-rich plasma (PRP). Platelet lysate (PL) was derived from PRP and freeze-dried either as such or using various adjuvants. Primary cell cultures of porcine Vascular Wall-Mesenchymal Stem Cells were treated with different PL formulations, and cell viability was assessed using an MTT assay. Overall, the addition of PL significantly improved cell viability as compared to controls without growth factor supplementation or with foetal bovine serum. Notably, the freeze-drying process maintained the effectiveness of the PL for at least a week. Furthermore, the study revealed that varying the horse as the source of PL could yield varying effects on cell viability. Detailed freeze-drying protocols were established, including freezing, primary drying and secondary drying phases, and the type of adjuvant. This study demonstrated the potential of freeze-dried equine PL as a viable alternative to PRP and highlighted the importance of precise freeze-drying protocols and adjuvants for standardization. Equine PL showed promise for medical treatment in horses, offering advantages such as extended shelf life, ease of handling, and reduced transportation costs, with the potential for broadened therapeutic usage.
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- 2024
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38. Trends and incidence of reported events associated with ureteral stents: an analysis of the food and drug administration’s manufacturer and user facility device experience (MAUDE) database
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Lombardo, Riccardo, Guidotti, Alessio, Turchi, Beatrice, Nacchia, Antonio, Santoro, Giuseppe, Romagnoli, Matteo, Franco, Antonio, Tema, Giorgia, Guarnotta, Giorgio, Cicione, Antonio, Franco, Giorgio, Tubaro, Andrea, and De Nunzio, Cosimo
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- 2024
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39. Alpha-6 integrin deletion delays the formation of Brca1/p53-deficient basal-like breast tumors by restricting luminal progenitor cell expansion
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Faraldo, Marisa M., Romagnoli, Mathilde, Wallon, Loane, Dubus, Pierre, Deugnier, Marie-Ange, and Fre, Silvia
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- 2024
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40. Adjunctive immunotherapeutic agents in patients with sepsis and septic shock: a multidisciplinary consensus of 23
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Girardis, Massimo, Coloretti, Irene, Antonelli, Massimo, Berlot, Giorgio, Busani, Stefano, Cortegiani, Andrea, De Pascale, Gennaro, De Rosa, Francesco Giuseppe, De Rosa, Silvia, Donadello, Katia, Donati, Abele, Forfori, Francesco, Giannella, Maddalena, Grasselli, Giacomo, Montrucchio, Giorgia, Oliva, Alessandra, Pasero, Daniela, Piazza, Ornella, Romagnoli, Stefano, Tascini, Carlo, Viaggi, Bruno, Tumbarello, Mario, and Viale, Pierluigi
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- 2024
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41. Acetyl-cholinesterase-inhibitors reconsidered. A narrative review of post-marketing studies on Alzheimer’s disease
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Zuliani, Giovanni, Zuin, Marco, Romagnoli, Tommaso, Polastri, Michele, Cervellati, Carlo, and Brombo, Gloria
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- 2024
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42. The Contribution of 2D and 3D Geometric Morphometrics to Lithic Taxonomies: Testing Discrete Categories of Backed Flakes from Recurrent Centripetal Core Reduction
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Bustos-Pérez, Guillermo, Gravina, Brad, Brenet, Michel, and Romagnoli, Francesca
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- 2024
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43. Author Correction: Proof of concept for a single-dose Group B Streptococcus vaccine based on capsular polysaccharide conjugated to Qβ virus-like particles
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Carboni, Filippo, Cozzi, Roberta, Romagnoli, Giacomo, Tuscano, Giovanna, Balocchi, Cristiana, Buffi, Giada, Bodini, Margherita, Brettoni, Cecilia, Giusti, Fabiola, Marchi, Sara, Brogioni, Giulia, Brogioni, Barbara, Cinelli, Paolo, Cappelli, Luigia, Nocciolini, Chiara, Senesi, Silvia, Facciotti, Claudia, Frigimelica, Elisabetta, Fabbrini, Monica, Stranges, Daniela, Savino, Silvana, Maione, Domenico, Adamo, Roberto, Wizel, Benjamin, Margarit, Immaculada, and Romano, Maria Rosaria
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- 2024
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44. Healthcare Systems and Artificial Intelligence: Focus on Challenges and the International Regulatory Framework
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Romagnoli, Alessia, Ferrara, Francesco, Langella, Roberto, and Zovi, Andrea
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- 2024
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45. The lack of head-to-head randomised trials and the consequences for patients and national health service: The case of non-small cell lung cancer
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Lasala, Ruggero, Romagnoli, Alessia, Santoleri, Fiorenzo, Isgrò, Valentina, Confalonieri, Corrado, Costantini, Alberto, Enrico, Fiorenza, Russo, Gianluca, Polidori, Piera, Di Paolo, Alessandra, Malorgio, Francesco, Beretta, Giordano, and Musicco, Felice
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- 2024
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46. Exotic species in the Erbario Estense: new plants from the world to sixteenth-century Italy
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Vicentini, Chiara Beatrice, Buldrini, Fabrizio, Romagnoli, Carlo, and Bosi, Giovanna
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- 2024
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47. Antidepressant deprescribing: State of the art and recommendations—A literature overview
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Romagnoli, Alessia, Zovi, Andrea, Santoleri, Fiorenzo, and Lasala, Ruggero
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- 2024
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48. A Contribution of the HAWC Observatory to the TeV era in the High Energy Gamma-Ray Astrophysics: The case of the TeV-Halos
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Torres-Escobedo, Ramiro, Zhou, Hao, de la Fuente, Eduardo, Abeysekara, A. U., Albert, A., Alfaro, R., Alvarez, C., Álvarez, J. D., Camacho, J. R. Angeles, Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C., Arunbabu, K. P., Rojas, D. Avila, Solares, H. A. Ayala, Babu, R., Baghmanyan, V., Barber, A. S., Gonzalez, J. Becerra, Belmont-Moreno, E., BenZvi, S. Y., Berley, D., Brisbois, C., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Capistrán, T., Carramiñana, A., Casanova, S., Chaparro-Amaro, O., Cotti, U., Cotzomi, J., de León, S. Coutiño, de León, C., Diaz-Cruz, L., Hernandez, R. Diaz, Díaz-Vélez, J. C., Dingus, B. L., Durocher, M., DuVernois, M. A., Ellsworth, R. W., Engel, K., Espinoza, C., Fan, K. L., Fang, K., Alonso, M. Fernández, Fick, B., Fleischhack, H., Flores, J. L., Fraija, N. I., Garcia, D., García-González, J. A., García-Torales, G., Garfias, F., Giacinti, G., Goksu, H., González, M. M., Goodman, J. A., Harding, J. P., Hernandez, S., Herzog, I., Hinton, J., Hona, B., Huang, D., Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, F., Hui, C. M., Humensky, B., Hüntemeyer, P., Iriarte, A., Jardin-Blicq, A., Jhee, H., Joshi, V., Kieda, D., Kunde, G J., Kunwar, S., Lara, A., Lee, J., Lee, W. H., Lennarz, D., Vargas, H. León, Linnemann, J., Longinotti, A. L., López-Coto, R., Luis-Raya, G., Lundeen, J., Malone, K., Marandon, V., Martinez, O., Martinez-Castellanos, I., Martínez-Huerta, H., Martínez-Castro, J., Matthews, J. A. J., McEnery, J., Miranda-Romagnoli, P., Morales-Soto, J. A., Moreno, E., Mostafá, M., Nayerhoda, A., Nellen, L., Newbold, M., Nisa, M. U., Noriega-Papaqui, R., Olivera-Nieto, L., Omodei, N., Peisker, A., Araujo, Y. Pérez, Pérez-Pérez, E. G., Rho, C. D., Rivière, C., Rosa-Gonzalez, D., Ruiz-Velasco, E., Ryan, J., Salazar, H., Greus, F. Salesa, Sandoval, A., Schneider, M., Schoorlemmer, H., Serna-Franco, J., Sinnis, G., Smith, A. J., Springer, R. W., Surajbali, P., Taboada, I., Tanner, M., Tollefson, K., Torres, I., Turner, R., Ureña-Mena, F., Villaseñor, L., Wang, X., Watson, I. J., Weisgarber, T., Werner, F., Willox, E., Wood, J., Yodh, G. B., and Zepeda, A.
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Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena - Abstract
We present a short overview of the TeV-Halos objects as a discovery and a relevant contribution of the High Altitude Water \v{C}erenkov (HAWC) observatory to TeV astrophysics. We discuss history, discovery, knowledge, and the next step through a new and more detailed analysis than the original study in 2017. TeV-Halos will contribute to resolving the problem of the local positron excess observed on the Earth. To clarify the latter, understanding the diffusion process is mandatory., Comment: Work presented in the 21st International Symposium on Very High Energy Cosmic Ray Interactions(ISVHECRI 2022) as part of the Ph. D. Thesis of Ramiro Torres-Escobedo (SJTU, Shanghai, China). Accepted for publication in SciPost Physics Proceedings (ISSN 2666-4003). 11 pages, 3 Figures. Short overview of HAWC and TeV Halos objects until 2022
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- 2023
49. The High-Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) Observatory in M\'exico: The Primary Detector
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Abeysekara, A. U., Albert, A., Alfaro, R., Álvarez, C., Álvarez, J. D., Araya, M., Arteaga-Velázquez, J. C., Arunbabu, K. P., Rojas, D. Avila, Solares, H. A. Ayala, Babu, R., Barber, A. S., Becerril, A., Belmont-Moreno, E., BenZvi, S. Y., Blanco, O., Braun, J., Brisbois, C., Caballero-Mora, K. S., Martínez, J. I. Cabrera, Capistrán, T., Carramiñana, A., Casanova, S., Castillo, M., Chaparro-Amaro, O., Cotti, U., Cotzomi, J., de León, S. Coutiño, de la Fuente, E., de León, C., De Young, T., Hernández, R. Díaz, Dingus, B. L., DuVernois, M. A., Durocher, M., Díaz-Vélez, J. C., Ellsworth, R. W., Engel, K., Espinoza, C., Fan, K. L., Fang, K., Fick, U. B., Fleischhack, H., Flores, J. L., Fraija, N., García-González, J. A., García-Torales, G., Garfias, F., Giacinti, G., Goksu, H., González, M. M., González-Muñoz, A., Goodman, J. A., Harding, J. P., Hernández, E., Hernández, S., Hinton, J., Hona, B., Huang, D., Hueyotl-Zahuantitla, F., Hui, C. M., Humensky, T. B., Hüntemeyer, P., Iriarte, A., Imran, A., Jardin-Blicq, A., Joshi, V., Kaufmann, S., Kieda, D., Kunde, G. J., Lara, A., Lauer, R., Lee, W. H., Lennarz, D., Vargas, H. León, Linnemann, J. T., Longinotti, A. L., Luis-Raya, G., Lundeen, J., Malone, K., Marandon, V., Marinelli, A., Martínez, O., Martínez-Castellanos, I., Martínez-Castro, J., Martínez-Huerta, H., Matthews, J. A., Miranda-Romagnoli, P., Montaruli, T., Morales-Soto, J. A., Moreno, E., Mostafá, M., Nayerhoda, A., Nellen, L., Newbold, M., Nisa, M. U., Noriega-Papaqui, R., Oceguera-Becerra, T., Olivera-Nieto, L., Omodei, N., Peisker, A., Araujo, Y. Pérez, Pérez-Pérez, E. G., Ponce, E., Pretz, J., Rho, C. D., Rosa-González, D., Ruiz-Velasco, E., Salazar, H., Salazar-Gallegos, D., Greus, F. Salesa, Sandoval, A., Schneider, M., Schoorlemmer, H., Serna-Franco, J., Sinnis, G., Smith, A. J., Son, Y., Woodle, K. Sparks, Springer, R. W., Taboada, I., Tepe, A., Tibolla, O., Tollefson, K., Torres, I., Torres-Escobedo, R., Turner, R., Ureña-Mena, F., Ukwatta, T. N., Varela, E., Vargas-Magaña, M., Villaseñor, L., Wang, X., Watson, I. J., Werner, F., Westerhoff, S., Willox, E., Wisher, I., Wood, J., Yodh, G. B., Zaborov, D., Zepeda, A., and Zhou, H.
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Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena ,Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics - Abstract
The High-Altitude Water Cherenkov (HAWC) observatory is a second-generation continuously operated, wide field-of-view, TeV gamma-ray observatory. The HAWC observatory and its analysis techniques build on experience of the Milagro experiment in using ground-based water Cherenkov detectors for gamma-ray astronomy. HAWC is located on the Sierra Negra volcano in M\'exico at an elevation of 4100 meters above sea level. The completed HAWC observatory principal detector (HAWC) consists of 300 closely spaced water Cherenkov detectors, each equipped with four photomultiplier tubes to provide timing and charge information to reconstruct the extensive air shower energy and arrival direction. The HAWC observatory has been optimized to observe transient and steady emission from sources of gamma rays within an energy range from several hundred GeV to several hundred TeV. However, most of the air showers detected are initiated by cosmic rays, allowing studies of cosmic rays also to be performed. This paper describes the characteristics of the HAWC main array and its hardware., Comment: Accepted for publications in Nuclear Inst. and Methods in Physics Research, A (2023) 168253 ( https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0168900223002437 ); 39 pages, 14 Figures
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- 2023
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50. Fabrication of Nb and MoGe SQUID-on-tip probes by magnetron sputtering
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Romagnoli, G., Marchiori, E., Bagani, K., and Poggio, M.
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Condensed Matter - Superconductivity ,Condensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics - Abstract
We demonstrate the fabrication of scanning superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs) on the apex of sharp quartz scanning probes -- known as SQUID-on-tip probes -- using conventional magnetron sputtering. We produce and characterize SQUID-on-tips made of both Nb and MoGe with effective diameters ranging from 50 to 80 nm, magnetic flux noise down to \SI{300}{\nano\Phi_{0}/\sqrt{\hertz}}, and operating fields as high as \SI{2.5}{\tesla}. Compared to the SQUID-on-tip fabrication techniques used until now, including thermal evaporation and collimated sputtering, this simplified method facilitates experimentation with different materials, potentially expanding the functionality and operating conditions of these sensitive nanometer-scale scanning probes., Comment: 6 pages, 3 figures
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- 2023
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