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Objectives The National Institutes of Health Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) is a multidimensional screening system evaluating biopsychosocial factors affecting pain and functioning. Using a military sample, the current study 1) examined the structure and domains of the PROMIS, the Defense and Veterans Pain Rating Scale 2.0 (DVPRS), and the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) within a presurgical setting and 2) examined the relationship of these variables to pre- and postsurgical opioid use. Methods This cross-sectional study included 279 adult patients scheduled for surgery at the Walter Reed National Military Medical Center and a validation sample of 79 additional patients from the Naval Medical Center, San Diego. PROMIS, DVPRS, PCS, and opioid use data were collected before surgery. Exploratory factor analysis and confirmatory factor analysis identified the latent structure for the measures. A structural equation model (SEM) examined their relationship to pre- and postsurgical opioid use. Results Two latent factors represented Psychosocial Functioning (PROMIS Depression, PROMIS Anxiety, and PROMIS Social Isolation) and Pain Impact (DVPRS, PROMIS Pain Interference, PROMIS Physical Functioning). The remaining PROMIS scales did not load onto a single factor. In the SEM, the two latent factors and PCS were significantly related to pre- and postsurgical opioid use. Conclusions This study highlights the utility and relative ease of using a convenient multidimensional assessment in presurgical settings. Using such an assessment can help provide targeted interventions for individuals who may be at greatest risk for negative postsurgical outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Ongoing postoperative pain assessments are vital to optimizing pain management and attenuating the development of poor health outcomes after surgery. This study aimed to characterize acute multidimensional trajectories of pain impact on physical function, sleep, mood, and stress and to examine clinical characteristics and demographics associated with trajectory membership. Additionally, this study compared levels of pain intensity and prescription opioid use at 2 weeks and 1 month postoperatively across acute symptom trajectories., Methods: Participants (N = 285) undergoing total knee arthroplasty, total hip arthroplasty, and spinal fusion procedures were recruited for this multisite prospective observational study. Longitudinal, joint k-means clustering was used to identify trajectories based on pain impact on activity, sleep, mood, and stress., Results: Three distinct pain impact trajectories were observed: Low (33.7%), Improving (35.4%), and Persistently High (30.9%). Participants in the Persistently High impact trajectory reported pain interfering moderately to severely with activity, sleep, mood, and stress. Relative to other trajectories, the Persistently High impact trajectory was associated with greater postoperative pain at 1 month postoperatively. Preoperatively, participants in the Persistently High impact trajectory reported worse Pain Catastrophizing Scale scores and PROMIS Pain Interference, PROMIS Anxiety, and PROMIS Social Isolation scores than did participants presenting with other trajectories. No statistical differences in opioid use were observed across trajectories., Conclusions: Variation in acute postoperative pain impact on activity, sleep, mood, and stress exists. Given the complex nature of patients' postoperative pain experiences, understanding how psychosocial presentations acutely change throughout hospitalization could assist in guiding clinicians' treatment choices and risk assessments., (Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the American Academy of Pain Medicine.)