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A quantitative method based on quick, easy, cheap, effective, rugged, and safe technique (QuEChERS) sample extraction and ultra-performance liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) was evolved for the determination of 47 pesticide residues in fresh Mazafati date fruits from Bam City of Kerman Province, Iran. The recoveries for selected pesticides ranged from 88 to 110% with a relative standard deviation (RSD) of less than 20% at concentrations of 0.05 and 0.1 mg kg -1 . The proposed method had a linear range from the limit of quantification (LOQ) to 1.00 mg kg -1 , and the LOQ of the 47 pesticides was ≤ 0.005 mg kg -1 . The coefficients of determination (R 2 ) were more than 0.99. This technique was used on 12 fresh date fruits samples, three water samples, and three soil samples with three replications per sample. Forty-seven pesticide were detected collectively, but only diazinon was detected in the date fruit samples. The mean value of diazinon residues was 0.037 mg kg -1 , and the concentration of diazinon in most samples was below the national maximum residue limit (MRL) for date fruit (0.05 mg kg -1 ). Among the pesticides measured, diazinon residues were also detected in the water samples, but not in the soil samples. The dietary intake assessment showed no health risk to humans from the consumption of fresh date fruit concerning the pesticides investigated., (© 2024. The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature.)

Background: Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) adjunct to molecularly imprinted polymers (MIP) have advantages of the large surface area of nanoparticles and selectivity of MIPs for selective extraction of tetradifon as a widely used pesticide in date palm., Objectives: The main aims were the use of experimental design, electrochemical synthesis and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography (UHPLC) to develop a simple, reliable and precise pesticide residue analysis method as an important aspect of food and drug quality control for the determination of tetradifon in date palms., Methods: An MIP in the presence of MWCNT was synthesized by cyclic voltammetric technique on a steel rod to produce a composite of MIP-MWCNTs for stir bar extraction of tetradifon residue in date samples. The experimental design was used to optimize MIPMWCNT composite synthesis through the screening of eight variables. The composite was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Tetradifon was determined in extracted samples by UHPLC under optimum conditions., Results: A very thin film was made by MIP-MWCNT coated on a steel rod which was repeatable and had good adhesion and persistence. The detection limit (LOD) and the quantification limit (LOQ) of the method were measured as 16 and 49 ng/ml, respectively. Average recovery of tetradifon at the two spiked levels was observed to be as low as 86.5% to 90.7% (RSD from 0.79% to 1.04%)., Conclusion: The low cost, high selectivity, good reproducibility, acceptable intra and inter day precision and accuracy developed method were successfully applied to determine tetradifon residue in date samples purchased from a local market., (Copyright© Bentham Science Publishers; For any queries, please email at epub@benthamscience.net.)

The aim of this study was to assess levels of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in milk samples from Kerman, Iran. AFM1 was detected in 72 samples, ranging in concentration from <0.01 to 0.41 µg l(-1). The samples were analyzed using immunoaffinity column for clean-up and HPLC for determining AFM1. Milk samples were collected from six dairy farms. AFM1 was found in ∼ 50% of the milk samples. The average level of AFM1 was below the tolerance limit (0.05 µg l(-1)), but 50% of the samples had greater levels than the maximum tolerance limit accepted by EU and the Iranian national standard. The method detection limit and limit of quantification were 0.01 and 0.03 µg l(-1), respectively, and recovery of the method was 87%. The results showed that AFM1 contamination is a serious problem for public health. To achieve a low level of AFM1 in milk, cattle feed must be monitored regularly for aflatoxin contamination and protected from fungal contamination as much as possible.