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3. Sostdc1 Suppression in the Absence of Sclerostin Potentiates Anabolic Action of Cortical Bone in Mice.

Author

Choi, Roy, Hoggatt, April, Horan, Daniel, Rogers, Emily, Robling, Alexander, and Loots, Gabriela

Subjects
BONE ANABOLISM, ECTODIN, OSTEOPOROSIS, SCLEROSTIN, SOST, SOSTDC1, WISE, WNT, Male, Female, Animals, Mice, Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, Glycoproteins, Bone and Bones, Cortical Bone, Cancellous Bone, Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing
Abstract

The development of Wnt-based osteoanabolic agents has progressed rapidly in recent years, given the potent effects of Wnt modulation on bone homeostasis. Simultaneous pharmacologic inhibition of the Wnt antagonists sclerostin and Dkk1 can be optimized to create potentiated effects in the cancellous bone compartment. We looked for other candidates that might be co-inhibited along with sclerostin to potentiate the effects in the cortical compartment. Sostdc1 (Wise), like sclerostin and Dkk1, also binds and inhibits Lrp5/6 coreceptors to impair canonical Wnt signaling, but Sostdc1 has greater effects in the cortical bone. To test this concept, we deleted Sostdc1 and Sost from mice and measured the skeletal effects in cortical and cancellous compartments individually. Sost deletion alone produced high bone mass in all compartments, whereas Sostdc1 deletion alone had no measurable effects on either envelope. Mice with codeletion of Sostdc1 and Sost had high bone mass and increased cortical properties (bone mass, formation rates, mechanical properties), but only among males. Combined administration of sclerostin antibody and Sostdc1 antibody in wild-type female mice produced potentiation of cortical bone gain despite no effect of Sostdc1 antibody alone. In conclusion, Sostdc1 inhibition/deletion can work in concert with sclerostin deficiency to improve cortical bone properties. © 2023 The Authors. Journal of Bone and Mineral Research published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of American Society for Bone and Mineral Research (ASBMR).

Published
2023

4. Zero-Emission Bus Implementation Guidebook for California Transit Fleets

Author

Lipman, Timothy, PhD and Rogers, Emily, MS

Subjects
Zero emission vehicles, transit buses, greenhouse gases, electric vehicle charging, bus transit operations
Abstract

Transit bus operations in California are experiencing new challenges due to economic conditions and the ongoing global pandemic. A confluence of factors has created a focus on this critical public-needs serving industry, due to state and local efforts to reduce emissions of pollutants and climate-changing gases. Transit bus operations in California provide essential and additional useful services that offer critical mobility to needy populations (elderly and handicapped) as well as many other groups for whom transit buses provide the most economical, convenient, and low-emission options. To address the role of transit bus operations in meeting California’s aggressive greenhouse gas (GHG) and emissions, the California Air Resources Board (ARB) has implemented an ambitious Innovative Clean Transit (ICT) regulation that requires all public transit agencies to gradually transition to a 100 percent zero-emission bus (ZEB) fleet.1 Beginning in 2029, 100% of new purchases by transit agencies must be ZEBs, with a goal for a full transition by 2040. Prior to that 25% of purchases of new buses must be ZEBs in 2023-2025 for large transit agencies, rising to 50% in 2026-2028. For smaller transit agencies, defined as those with less than 100 buses in annual maximum service, there is no requirement for 2023-2025 and the requirement for 2026-2028 is 25%, but the 100% ZEB purchase requirement starting in 2029 applies to all agencies.

Published
2023

9. Bluff: Interactively Deciphering Adversarial Attacks on Deep Neural Networks

Author

Das, Nilaksh, Park, Haekyu, Wang, Zijie J., Hohman, Fred, Firstman, Robert, Rogers, Emily, and Chau, Duen Horng

Subjects
Computer Science - Machine Learning, Computer Science - Cryptography and Security
Abstract

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are now commonly used in many domains. However, they are vulnerable to adversarial attacks: carefully crafted perturbations on data inputs that can fool a model into making incorrect predictions. Despite significant research on developing DNN attack and defense techniques, people still lack an understanding of how such attacks penetrate a model's internals. We present Bluff, an interactive system for visualizing, characterizing, and deciphering adversarial attacks on vision-based neural networks. Bluff allows people to flexibly visualize and compare the activation pathways for benign and attacked images, revealing mechanisms that adversarial attacks employ to inflict harm on a model. Bluff is open-sourced and runs in modern web browsers., Comment: This paper is accepted at IEEE VIS'20 Short Paper

Published
2020

10. Massif: Interactive Interpretation of Adversarial Attacks on Deep Learning

Author

Das, Nilaksh, Park, Haekyu, Wang, Zijie J., Hohman, Fred, Firstman, Robert, Rogers, Emily, and Chau, Duen Horng

Subjects
Computer Science - Machine Learning, Computer Science - Cryptography and Security, Statistics - Machine Learning
Abstract

Deep neural networks (DNNs) are increasingly powering high-stakes applications such as autonomous cars and healthcare; however, DNNs are often treated as "black boxes" in such applications. Recent research has also revealed that DNNs are highly vulnerable to adversarial attacks, raising serious concerns over deploying DNNs in the real world. To overcome these deficiencies, we are developing Massif, an interactive tool for deciphering adversarial attacks. Massif identifies and interactively visualizes neurons and their connections inside a DNN that are strongly activated or suppressed by an adversarial attack. Massif provides both a high-level, interpretable overview of the effect of an attack on a DNN, and a low-level, detailed description of the affected neurons. These tightly coupled views in Massif help people better understand which input features are most vulnerable or important for correct predictions., Comment: Appear in ACM Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI) Late-Breaking Works 2020, 7 pages

Published
2020

11. Sharing Our Library Workspaces.

Author

Rogers, Emily

Subjects
*LIBRARY personnel, *LIBRARY administration
Abstract

A personal narrative is presented in which the author explores how library workers personalize their workspaces, focusing on comfort, functionality, and the blend of home-office elements to enhance productivity and collaboration.

Published
2024
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17. Resistance exercise breaks during prolonged sitting augment the blood flow response to a subsequent oral glucose load in sedentary adults.

Author

Rogers, Emily M., Banks, Nile F., Trachta, Emma R., Wolf, Morgan S., Berry, Alexander C., Stanhewicz, Anna E., Carr, Lucas J., Gibbs, Bethany Barone, and Jenkins, Nathaniel D. M.

Subjects
*EXERCISE physiology, *SEDENTARY behavior, *POPLITEAL artery, *RESISTANCE training, *BLOOD sugar
Abstract

Highlights Sitting‐induced impairments in postprandial blood flow are an important link between sedentary behaviour and cardiometabolic disease risk. The objective of this work was to examine the effects of resistance exercise breaks (REB) performed every 30 min during an otherwise sedentary 3‐h period on the vasodilatory response to a subsequent oral glucose load in sedentary adults. Twenty‐four sedentary adults (27 ± 7 years, 16 females) completed two conditions. Fasting blood glucose, insulin, popliteal artery blood flow (PABF) and gastrocnemius perfusion were measured immediately before standardized breakfast consumption. After breakfast, the 3‐h REB or uninterrupted (SIT) intervention period commenced. Participants sat at a workstation, and popliteal artery shear rate (PASR) was measured 60 and 120 min into this period. In the REB condition, participants performed a 3‐min REB (3 × [20 s squats, 20 s high knees, 20 s calf raises]) every 30 min. Following the intervention period, baseline measurements were repeated. Participants then consumed a 75 g glucose beverage, and PABF and perfusion were measured every 30–60 min for the following 120 min. Relative to SIT, REB increased PASR at 60 min (+31.4 ± 9.2/s, P = 0.037) and 120 min (+37.4 ± 10.2/s, P = 0.019) into the intervention period. Insulin and glucose increased (P < 0.001) in response to glucose consumption, with no differences between conditions (P ≥ 0.299). In response to the glucose load, perfusion (1.57 vs. 1.11 mL/100 mL/min, P = 0.023) and PABF (+45.3 ± 11.8 mL/min, P = 0.001) were greater after REB versus SIT. Performing 3‐min REB every 30 min during an otherwise sedentary 3‐h period augmented leg blood flow responses to an oral glucose load. What is the central question of this study? Can 3‐min resistance exercise breaks (REB) performed during an otherwise sedentary 3‐h period augment the vasodilatory response to a subsequent oral glucose load in sedentary adults? What is the main finding and its importance? Performing 3‐min REB, which included squats, high knees, and calf raises, every 30 min augmented lower limb blood flow responses to a subsequent oral glucose load compared to 3 h of uninterrupted sitting in sedentary adults. Sitting‐induced impairment in postprandial vasodilatory function has been identified as a link between sedentary behaviour and cardiometabolic disease. Thus, the current study presents a potentially effective strategy to offset this risk. What is the central question of this study?Can 3‐min resistance exercise breaks (REB) performed during an otherwise sedentary 3‐h period augment the vasodilatory response to a subsequent oral glucose load in sedentary adults?What is the main finding and its importance?Performing 3‐min REB, which included squats, high knees, and calf raises, every 30 min augmented lower limb blood flow responses to a subsequent oral glucose load compared to 3 h of uninterrupted sitting in sedentary adults. Sitting‐induced impairment in postprandial vasodilatory function has been identified as a link between sedentary behaviour and cardiometabolic disease. Thus, the current study presents a potentially effective strategy to offset this risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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18. Acceptability of Performing Resistance Exercise Breaks in the Workplace to Break Up Prolonged Sedentary Time: A Randomized Control Trial in U.S. Office Workers and Students.

Author

Rogers, Emily M., Banks, Nile F., Trachta, Emma R., Barone Gibbs, Bethany, Carr, Lucas J., and Jenkins, Nathaniel D. M.

Subjects
LABOR productivity, BODY mass index, WORK environment, SEDENTARY lifestyles, STATISTICAL sampling, QUESTIONNAIRES, RANDOMIZED controlled trials, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, STUDENTS, RESISTANCE training, BLOOD sugar, DROWSINESS, INDUSTRIAL hygiene, OBESITY, PHYSICAL activity
Abstract

We investigated the acceptability of bodyweight resistance exercise breaks (REB) to disrupt prolonged sedentary behavior in the workplace. Twenty-nine individuals completed a REB, where they performed 3-min REB 4, 8, and 16 times on days 1–2, 3–4, and 5 of the workweek, respectively, and a control condition (i.e., SIT). Productivity was assessed on days 1 and 5 each week. The acceptability of each REB frequency was assessed. When asked to complete 4, 8, and 16 REB, participants completed (mean values) 3.2, 6.2, and 9.2 REB/day, respectively. Moreover, 88%, 40%, and 9% of participants expressed that the 4-, 8-, and 16-REB frequencies were acceptable, respectively. Decision-making ability and concentration levels increased from day 1–5 of the REB week (p=0.048) but were stable during SIT. REB (4/day) are highly acceptable and could be a promising intervention strategy for reducing occupational sitting, thus decreasing sedentary-behavior-induced risk. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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19. Acute effects of commercial energy drink consumption on exercise performance and cardiovascular safety: a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial

Author

Banks, Nile F., primary, Rogers, Emily M., additional, Helwig, Nate J., additional, Schwager, Laura E., additional, Alpers, Justin P., additional, Schulte, Sydni L., additional, Trachta, Emma R., additional, Lockwood, Christopher M., additional, and Jenkins, Nathaniel D.M., additional

Published
2024
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27. Effects of antiplatelet therapy on stroke risk by brain imaging features of intracerebral haemorrhage and cerebral small vessel diseases: subgroup analyses of the RESTART randomised, open-label trial

Author

Baigent, Colin, Lasserson, Daniel, Sullivan, Frank, Carrie, Johanna, Rojas, Javier, Amoils, Shannon, Bamford, John, Armitage, Jane, Rinkel, Gabriel, Lowe, Gordon, Emberson, Jonathan, Innes, Karen, Dinsmore, Lynn, Drever, Jonathan, Williams, Carol, Perry, David, McGill, Connor, Buchanan, David, Walker, Allan, Hutchison, Aidan, Matthews, Christopher, Fraser, Ruth, McGrath, Aileen, Deary, Ann, Anderson, Rosemary, Walker, Pauli, Hansen, Christian, Parker, Richard, Rodriguez, Aryelly, Macleod, Malcolm, Gattringer, Thomas, Palmer, Jeb, Sakka, Eleni, Adil-Smith, Jennifer, Minks, David, Mitra, Dipayan, Bhatnagar, Priya, du Plessis, Johannes, Joshi, Yogish, Lerpiniere, Christine, O'Brien, Richard, Burgess, Seona, Mead, Gillian, Paulton, Ruth, Doubal, Fergus, McCormick, Katrina, Hunter, Neil, Taylor, Pat, Parakramawansha, Ruwan, Perry, Jack, Blair, Gordon, MacRaild, Allan, Parry-Jones, Adrian, Johnes, Mary, Lee, Stephanie, Shaw, Kelly Marie, Burger, Ilse, Punter, Martin, Ingham, Andrea, Perez, Jane, Naing, Zin, Morell, Jordi, Marsden, Tracy, Hall, Andrea, Marshall, Sally, Harrison, Louise, Jarapa, Rowilson, Wood, Edith, O'Loughlin, Victoria, Cohen, David, Davies, Silvie, Njoku, Kelechi, Mpelembue, Mushiya, Burgess, Laura, Licenik, Radim, Ngwako, Mmua, Nisar, Nabeela, Niranchanan, Rangah, Roganova, Tatjana, Bathula, Rajaram, Devine, Joseph, David, Anette, Oshodi, Anne, Guo, Fenglin, Owoyele, Emmanuelle, Sukdeo, Varthi, Ballantine, Robert, Abbdul-saheb, Mudhar, Chamberlain, Angela, Chandrakumar, Aberami, Poku, Philip, Harkness, Kirsty, Blank, Catrin, Richards, Emma, Ali, Ali, Kibutu, Faith, Balitska, Olesia, Birchall, Kathryn, Bayliss, Pauline, Doyle, Clare, Stocks, Kathy, Majis, Arshad, Howe, Jo, Kamara, Christine, Barron, Luke, Maatouk, Ahmad, Lindert, Ralf, Dakin, Katy, Redgrave, Jessica, Bhaskaran, Biju, Salih, Isam, Kelly, Debs, Szabo, Susan, Tomlin, Dawn, Bearne, Helen, Buxton, Jean, Fitzell, Pauline, Ayres, Georgina, Saulat, Afaq, Horan, Kathleen, Garfield-Smith, Joanne, Bhakri, Harbens, Guyler, Paul, Sinha, Devesh, Loganathan, Thayalini, Siddiqui, Amber, Siddiqui, Anwer, Coward, Lucy, Kunhunny, Swapna, Tysoe, Sharon, Orath Prabakaran, Rajalakshmi, Kelavkar, Shyam, Rashmi, Sindhu, Ngo, David, Ng, Kheng Xiong, Menon, Nisha, Shah, Sweni, Barber, Mark, Esson, Derek, Brodie, Fiona, Anjum, Talat, Wani, Mushtaq, Krishnan, Manju, Quinn, Leanne, Spencer, Jayne, Jones, Terry, Thompson-Jones, Helen, Dacey, Lynne, Chenna, Srikanth, Storton, Sharon, Thomas, Sarah, Beaty, Teresa, Treadwell, Shelley, Davies, Caroline, Tucker, Susan, Connor, Lynda, Slade, Peter, Gainard, Glyn, Muddegowda, Girish, Sanyal, Ranjan, Remegoso, Alda, Abano, Nenette, Causley, Chelsea, Carpio, Racquel, Stevens, Stephanie, Butler, Adrian, Varquez, Resti, Denic, Hayley, Alipio, Francis, Moores, Andrew, Barry, Adrian, Maguire, Holly, Grocott, Jeanette, Finney, Kay, Lyjko, Sue, Roffe, Christine, Hiden, Joanne, Ferdinand, Phillip, Cvoro, Vera, Ullah, Khalil, Chapman, Nicola, Couser, Mandy, Pound, Susan, Mcauley, Sean, Raghunathan, Senthil, Shelton, Faye, Hedstrom, Amanda, Godfrey, Margi, Havard, Diane, Buck, Amanda, Krishnan, Kailash, Gilzeane, Nicola, Roffe, Jack, Clarke, Judith, Whittamore, Katherine, Sheikh, Saima, Sprigg, Nikola, Keshvara, Rekha, Jordan, Carla, Jackson, Benjamin, Wilkes, Gwendoline, Appleton, Jason, Law, Zhe, Matias, Oliver, Vasileiadis, Evangelos, Mason, Cathy, Parry, Anthea, Landers, Geraldine, Holden, Melinda, Aweid, Basaam, Rashed, Khalid, Balian, Linda, Vickers, Carinna, Keeling, Elizabeth, Board, Sarah, Allison, Joanna, Buckley, Clare, Williams-Yesson, Barbara, Board, Joanne, Pitt-Kerby, Tressy, Tanate, Alfonso, Wood, Diane, Kini, Manohar, Chadha, Dinesh, Walstow, Deborah, Fong, Rosanna, Luder, Robert, Adesina, Tolu, Gallagher, Jill, Bridger, Hayley, Murali, Elodie, Bhargava, Maneesh, van Someren, Chloe, Harrington, Frances, Mate, Abhijit, James, Ali, Courtauld, Gillian, Schofield, Christine, Adie, Katja, Lucas, Linda, Bond, Kirsty, Maund, Bev, Ellis, Sam, Mudd, Paul, James, Martin, Keenan, Samantha, Bowring, Angela, Cageao, Julie, Kingwell, Hayley, Roughan, Caroline, Hemsley, Anthony, Sword, Jane, Strain, David, Miller, Keniesha, Goff, Anita, Gupwell, Karin, Thorpe, Kevin, Emsley, Hedley, Punekar, Shuja, McLoughlin, Alison, Sultan, Sulaiman, Gregory, Bindu, Raj, Sonia, Doyle, Donna, Muir, Keith, Smith, Wilma, Welch, Angela, Moreton, Fiona, Cheripelli, Bharath Kumar, El Tawil, Salwa, Kalladka, Dheeraj, Huang, Xuya, Day, Nicola, Ramachandran, Sankaranarayanan, Crosbie, Caroline, Elliot, Jennifer, Rudd, Tony, Marks, Katherine, Bhalla, Ajay, Birns, Jonathan, Kullane, Sagal, Weir, Nic, Allen, Christopher, Pressly, Vanessa, Crawford, Pam, Battersby-Wood, Emma, Blades, Alex, Egerton, Shuna, Walters, Ashleigh, Evans, Sue, Marigold, James Richard, Smith, Fiona, Howard, Gabriella, Gartrell, Imogen, Smith, Simon, Creeden, Robyn, Cox, Chloe, Boxall, Cherish, Hewitt, Jonathan, Nott, Claire, Sarah, Procter, Whiteman, Jessica, Buckle, Steve, Wallace, Rebecca, Mardania, Rina, Gray, Jane, Triscott, Claire, Nair, Anand, Greig, Jill, Rana, Pratap, Robinson, Matthew, Alam, Mohammad Irfan, Werring, David, Wilson, Duncan, Watchurst, Caroline, Brezitski, Maria, Crook, Luci, Jones, Ifan, Banaras, Azra, Patel, Krishna, Erande, Renuka, Hogan, Caroline, Hostettler, Isabel, Ashton, Amy, Feerick, Shez, Francia, Nina, Oji, Nnebuife, Elliott, Emma, Al-Mayhani, Talal, Dennis, Martin, Sudlow, Cathie, Whiteley, William, Al-Shahi Salman, Rustam, Dutta, Dipankar, Brown, Pauline, Ward, Deborah, Davis, Fiona, Turfrey, Jennifer, Hughes, Chloe, Collins, Kayleigh, Bakawala, Rehana, O'Connell, Susan, Glass, Jon, Broughton, David, Tryambake, Dinesh, Dixon, Lynn, Chapman, Kath, Young, Andrew, Bergin, Adrian, Sigsworth, Andrew, Manoj, Aravind, Fletcher, Glyn, Lopez, Paula, Cox, Penelope, Wilkinson, Mark, Fitzsimmons, Paul, Sharma, Nikhil, Choulerton, James, Button, Denise, Dow, Lindsey, Gbadamoshi, Lukuman, Avis, Joanne, Madigan, Barbara, McCann, Stephanie, Shaw, Louise, Howcroft, Deborah, Lucas, Suzanne, Stone, Andrew, Cluckie, Gillian, Lovelock, Caroline, Clarke, Brian, Chopra, Neha, Clarke, Natasha, Patel, Bhavini, Kennedy, Kate, Williams, Rebecca, Blight, Adrian, O'Reilly, Joanna, Orefo, Chukwuka, Dayal, Nilofer, Ghatala, Rita, Adedoyin, Temi, Watson, Fran, Trippier, Sarah, Choy, Lillian, Moynihan, Barry, Khan, Usman, Jones, Val, Jeyaraj, Naomi, Kerin, Lourda, Thavanesan, Kamy, Tiwari, Divya, Cox, Chantel, Ljubez, Anja, Tucker, Laura, Iqbal, Arshi, Bagnall, Caroline, Keltos, Marketa, Roberts, Josh, Jupp, Becky, Ovington, Catherine, Rogers, Emily, David, Owen, Bell, Jo, Longland, Barbara, Hann, Gail, Cooper, Martin, Nasar, Mohammad, Rajapakse, Anoja, Wynter, Inez, Anwar, Ijaz, Skinner, Helen, Nozedar, Tarn, McArdle, Damian, Kumar, Balakrishna, Crawford, Susan, Annamalai, Arunkumar, Ramshaw, Alex, Holmes, Clare, Caine, Sarah, Osborn, Mairead, Dodd, Emily, Murphy, Peter, Devitt, Nicola, Baker, Pauline, Steele, Amy, Guthrie, Lucy Belle, Clarke, Samantha, Hassan, Ahamad, Waugh, Dean, Veraque, Emelda, Makawa, Linetty, Kambafwile, Mary, Randall, Marc, Papavasileiou, Vasileios, Cullen, Claire, Peters, Jenny, Thant, Hlaing, Ingram, Tanya, Zoe, Mellor, Durairaj, Ramesh, Harrison, Melanie, Stevenson, Sarah, Shackcloth, Daniela, Ewing, Jordan, Sutton, Victoria, McCarron, Mark, McKee, Jacqueline, Doherty, Mandy, McVerry, Ferghal, Blair, Caroline, MacLeod, Mary, Irvine, Janice, Gow, Heather, Furnace, Jacqueline, Joyson, Anu, Jagpal, Baljit, Ross, Sarah, Klaasen, Katrina, Nelson, Sandra, Clarke, Rebecca, Crouch, Nichola, MacLennan, Beverly, Taylor, Vicky, Epstein, Daniel, Shukla, Avani, Krishnamurthy, Vinodh, Nicholas, Paul, Qureshi, Sammie, Webber, Adam, Penge, Justin, Ramadan, Hawraman, Maguire, Stuart, Patterson, Chris, Bellfield, Ruth, Hairsine, Brigid, Stewart, Kelvin, Hooley, Michaela, Quinn, Outi, Richard, Bella, Moseley, Sally, Edwards, Mandy, Lawson, Heidi, Tayler, Michelle, Pai, Yogish, Dhakal, Mahesh, Esisi, Bernard, Dima, Sofia, Smith, Gemma Marie, Garside, Mark, Naeem, Muhammad, Baliga, Vidya, Rogers, Gill, Brown, Ellen, Bruce, David, Hayman, Rachel, Clayton, Susan, Gamble, Ed, Grue, Rebecca, Charles, Bethan, Hague, Adam, Blane, Sujata, Lambert, Caroline, Chaudhry, Afnan, Harrison, Thomas, Saastamoinen, Kari, Hove, Dionne, Howaniec, Laura, Grimwood, Gemma, Redjep, Ozlem, Humphries, Fiona, Argandona, Lucia, Cuenoud, Larissa, Erumere, Esther, Amlani, Sageet, Auld, Grace, Salek-Haddadi, Afraim, Schulz, Ursula, Kennedy, James, Ford, Gary, Mathieson, Philip, Reckless, Ian, Teal, Rachel, Lenti, Giulia, Harston, George, O'Brien, Eoin, Mcgee, Joanne, Mitchell, Jennifer, Amis, Elaine, Handley, Dominic, Kelly, Siobhan, Zachariah, George, Francis, Jobbin, Crisp, Sarah, Sesay, Juliana, Finlay, Sarah, Hayhoe, Helen, Hannon, Niamh, Hughes, Tom, Morse, Bethan, De Berker, Henry, Tallantyre, Emma, Osman, Ahmed, White, Susan, Schwarz, Stefan, Jelley, Benjamin, Yadava, Rajendra, Azhar, Khalid, Reddan, Julie, Sangombe, Mirriam, Stafford, Samantha, Fotherby, Ken, Morgan, Debbie, Baig, Farrukh, Jennings-Preece, Karla, Butler, Donna, Ahmad, Nasar, Willberry, Angela, Stevens, Angela, Rai, Baljinder, Siddegowda, Prasad, Howard, Peter, Hyatt, Lisa, Dobson, Tracey, Jarrett, David, Ponnambath, Suheil, Tandy, Jane, Harrington-Davies, Yasmin, Butler, Rebecca, James, Claire, Valentine, Stacey, Suttling, Anne, Langhorne, Peter, Kerr, Gillian, Wright, Fiona, Graham, Ruth, McAlpine, Christine, Iqbal, Mohammad Shahzad, Humphreys, Louise, Pasco, Kath, Balazikova, Olga, Nasim, Ashraf, Peixoto, Cassilda, Gallagher, Louise, Shahmehri, Shahrzad, Ghosh, Sandip, Barrie, Elizabeth, Gilmour, Danielle, Henry, Margo, Webb, Tom, Cowie, Linda, Rudenko, Hannah, McDonald, Shanni, Schumacher, Natasha, Walker, Susannah, Cosier, Tracey, Verrion, Anna, Beranova, Eva, Thomson, Audrey, Venter, Marius, Kar, Arindam, Mashate, Sheila, Harvey, Kirsten, Gardener, Léjeune, Nguyen, Vinh, Halse, Omid, Geraghty, Olivia, Hazel, Beth, Wilding, Peter, Tilley, Victoria, Cassidy, Tim, McClelland, Beverley, Bokhari, Maria, England, Timothy, Maddula, Mohana, Donnelly, Richard, Findlay, Paul, Macaden, Ashish, Shread, Ian, Barr, Charlotte, Mohd Nor, Azlisham, Brown, Claire, Persad, Nicola, Eglinton, Charlotte, Weinling, Marie, Hyams, Benjamin, Shah, Alex, Baker, John, Byrne, Anthony, McGhee, Caroline, Smart, Amanda, Copeland, Claire, Carpenter, Michael, Walker, Marion, Davey, Richard, Needle, Ann, Fathima, Razik, Bateman, Gavin, Datta, Prabal, Stanners, Andrew, Jackson, Linda, Ball, Julie, Davis, Michelle, Atkinson, Natalie, Fawcett, Michelle, Thompson, Teresa, Guy, Helen, Hogg, Valerie, Hays, Carole, Woodward, Stephen, Haque, Mohammad, Hakim, Eluzai, Symonds, Stuart, Maanoosi, Mehran, Herman, Jane, Black, Toby, Miriam, Skelton, Clarke, Caroline, Anthony, Alpha, Tribbeck, Michele, Cronin, Julie, Mead, Denise, Fennelly, Ruth, McIlmoyle, James, Dickinson, Christina, Jeffs, Carol, Anwar, Sajjad, Howard, Joanne, Jones, Kirsty, Dhar, Saikat, Clay, Caroline, Siddiq, Muhammad, Ivatts, Simone, Baird, Yolanda, Sally, Moore, Amey, Isobel, Newton, Sophie, Clayton-Evans, Lisa, Chadbourn, Indra, Rayessa, Rayessa, Naylor, Charde, Rodgers, Alicia, Wilson, Lisa, Wilson, Sarah, Clarkson, Emma, Davies, Ruth, Owings, Paula, Sangster, Graeme, Gott, Valerie, Little, Victoria, Weir, Pauline, Cherian, Suja, Jose, Deepa, Moroney, Helen, Downham, Susan, Dodd, Angela, Vettimootal Johnson, Venetia, Codd, Laura, Robinson, Naomi, Ahmed, Ashraf, Albazzaz, Mo, Johnson, Sharon, Denniss, Carol, Cunningham, Mishell, Zahoor, Tajammal, Webster, Timothy, Leason, Sandra, Haider, Syed, Chatterjee, Kausic, Nallasivan, Arumugam, Perkins, Charlotte, Seagrave, Samantha, Jenkins, Colin, Price, Fiona, Hughes, Claire, Mercer, Lily, Hussain, Malik, Brown, Sarah, Harvey, Miriam, Homan, Jane, Khan, Mohammad, Whiting, Robert, Foote, Leanne, Hunt, Nicholas, Durman, Helen, Brotherton, Lucy, Foot, Jayne, Pawley, Corinne, Foster, Eliza, Whitcher, Alison, Metcalf, Kneale, Jagger, Jenny, McDonald, Susan, Waterfield, Kelly, Sutton, Patrick, Shinh, Naval, Anversha, Ajmal, Ravenhill, Garth, Greenwood, Richard, Saada, Janak, Wiltshire, Alison, Perfitt, Rebekah, Andole, Sreeman, Gadapa, Naveen, Dunne, Karen, Krommyda, Magdalini, Burssens, Evelyne, King, Sam, Plewa, Catherine, Smyth, Nigel, Wilson, Jenny, Giallombardo, Elio, Sykes, Lucy, Kumar, Pradeep, Barker, James, Huggett, Isabel, Dunn, Linda, Culmsee, Charlotte, Thomas, Philip, Myint, Min, Brew, Helen, Majmudar, Nikhil, OConnell, Janice, Bunea, George, Fox, Charlotte, Gulliver, Diane, Smith, Andrew, Mokoena, Betty, Sattar, Naweed, Krishnamurthy, Ramesh, Osborne, Emily, Wilson, David, Wroath, Belinda, Dynan, Kevin, Power, Michael, Thompson, Susan, Adell, Victoria, Orugun, Enoch, Poultney, Una, Glover, Rachel, Crowther, Hannah, Thornthwaite, Sarah, Wiggam, Ivan, Wallace, Aine, Kerr, Enda, Fulton, Ailsa, Hunter, Annemarie, Tauro, Suzanne, Cuddy, Sarah, Mangion, David, Hardwick, Anne, Markova, Skarlet, Lawrence, Tara, Constantin, Carmen, Fletcher, Jo, Thomas, Isobel, Pettitt, Kerry, Sekaran, Lakshmanan, Tate, Margaret, Bharaj, Kiranjit, Simon, Rohan, Justin, Frances, Sethuraman, Sakthivel, Phiri, Duke, Mohammed, Niaz, Chauhan, Meena, Elfandi, Khaled, Khan, Uzma, Eveson, David, Mistri, Amit, Manning, Lisa, Khan, Shagufta, Patel, Champa, Moqsith, Mohammed, Sattar, Saira, Lam, Man Yee, Musarrat, Kashif, Stephens, Claire, Kalathil, Latheef, Miller, Richard, Salehin, Maqsud, Gautam, Nikki, Bailey, Duncan, Amor, Kelly, Meir, Julie, Nicolson, Anne, Imam, Javed, Wood, Lisa, White, Julie, Sajid, Mahmud, Ghaly, George, Ball, Margaret, Gascoyne, Rachel, Proeschel, Harald, Sharpe, Simon, Horton, Sarah, Beaves, Emily, Jones, Stephanie, Yip, Brigitte, Bell, Murdina, MacLiver, Linda, MacInnes, Brian, Sims, Don, Hurley, Jennifer, Willmot, Mark, Sutton, Claire, Littleton, Edward, Maiden, Susan, Jones, Rachael, Cunningham, James, Green, Carole, Bates, Michelle, Shekhar, Raj, Gilham, Ellie, Ahmed, Iman, Crown, Rachel, Fuller, Tracy, Goorah, Neetish, Bell, Angela, Kelly, Christine, Singh, Arun, Walford, Jamie, Tomlinson, Benjamin, Patel, Farzana, Duberley, Stephen, Kane, Ingrid, Rajkumar, Chakravarthi, Gaylard, Jane, Breeds, Joanna, Gainsborough, Nicola, Pitt-Ford, Alexandra, Barbon, Emma, Latter, Laura, Thompson, Philip, Hervey, Simon, Krishnamoorthy, Shrivakumar, Vassallo, Joseph, Walter, Deborah, Cochrane, Helen, Srinivasan, Meena, Campbell, Robert, Donaldson, Denise, Motherwell, Nichola, Hurford, Frances, Mukherjee, Indranil, Kenton, Antony, Nyabadza, Sheila, Martin, Irene, Hunt, Benjamin, Hassan, Hardi, O'Toole, Sarah, Dallol, Bander, Putterill, Janet, Jha, Ratneshwari, Gallifent, Rachel, Kakar, Puneet, Pusalkar, Aparna, Chan, kelly, Dangri, Puneet, Beadle, Hannah, Cook, Angela, Crabtree, Karen, Subramonian, Santhosh, Owusu-Agyei, Peter, Temple, Natalie, Butterworth-Cowin, Nicola, Ragab, Suzanne, Knops, Kerstin, Jinks, Emma, Dickson, Christine, Gleave, Laura, Dube, Judith, Leggett, Jacqui, Garcia, Tatiana, Ispoglou, Sissy, Evans, Rachel, Ankolekar, Sandeep, Hayes, Anne, Ni, Hlaing, Rahman, Bithi, Milligan, Josette, Graham, Carol, Jose, Josin, Keegan, Breffni, Kelly, Jim, Dewar, Richard, White, James, Thomas, Kelly, Minks, David P, Rodrigues, Mark A, du Plessis, Johann C, Dennis, Martin S, Murray, Gordon D, Newby, David E, Sandercock, Peter A G, Stephen, Jacqueline, Sudlow, Cathie L M, Werring, David J, Whiteley, William N, Wardlaw, Joanna M, and White, Philip M

Published
2019
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34. A Quasi-Passive Knee Exoskeleton to Assist During Descent

Author

Rogers, Emily, Polygerinos, Panagiotis, Allen, Stephen, Panizzolo, Fausto A., Walsh, Conor J., Holland, Dónal P., Guglielmelli, Eugenio, Series editor, González-Vargas, José, editor, Ibáñez, Jaime, editor, Contreras-Vidal, Jose L., editor, van der Kooij, Herman, editor, and Pons, José Luis, editor

Published
2017
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38. The effects of sleep disruption on metabolism, hunger, and satiety, and the influence of psychosocial stress and exercise: A narrative review.

Author

Rogers, Emily M., Banks, Nile F., and Jenkins, Nathaniel D. M.

Subjects
SLEEP interruptions, SLEEP duration, HUNGER, WEIGHT gain, SLEEP quality
Abstract

Sleep deficiency is a ubiquitous phenomenon among Americans. In fact, in the United States, ∼78% of teens and 35% of adults currently get less sleep than recommended for their age‐group, and the quality of sleep appears to be getting worse for many. The consequences of sleep disruption manifest in a myriad of ways, including insulin resistance and disrupted nutrient metabolism, dysregulation of hunger and satiety, and potentially increased body weight and adiposity. Consequently, inadequate sleep is related to an increased risk of various cardiometabolic diseases, including obesity, diabetes, and heart disease. Exercise has the potential to be an effective therapeutic to counteract the deleterious effects of sleep disruption listed above, whereas chronic psychosocial stress may causally promote sleep disruption and cardiometabolic risk. Here, we provide a narrative review of the current evidence on the consequences of short sleep duration and poor sleep quality on substrate metabolism, circulating appetite hormones, hunger and satiety, and weight gain. Secondly, we provide a brief overview of chronic psychosocial stress and its impact on sleep and metabolic health. Finally, we summarise the current evidence regarding the ability of exercise to counteract the adverse metabolic health effects of sleep disruption. Throughout the review, we highlight areas where additional interrogation and future exploration are necessary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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39. A Syndrome in Search of a Virus: ME/CFS, Disease Paradigms, and the Social Function of Pathogens.

Author

Rogers, Emily Lim

Subjects
*SOCIAL skills, *CHRONIC fatigue syndrome, *HISTORY of medicine, *AIDS, *PATHOGENIC microorganisms
Abstract

In 1984, a team of American researchers led by Robert Gallo announced that HIV causes AIDS. Seven months later, the US Centers for Disease Control investigated a postviral illness of unknown cause, which would later be known as chronic fatigue syndrome (aka myalgic encephalomyelitis, or ME/CFS). This article argues that ME/CFS's emergence was entangled with HIV/AIDS. Once the cause of AIDS was widely agreed upon by the 1990s, the virus-to-syndrome model became the predominant paradigm for understanding syndromic diseases of as-yet unknown cause. At the same time, ME/CFS—a multicausal illness—failed to fit this template, and societal disinterest fell in. Scientific uncertainty sustains the status of ME/CFS as proximate to, but not fully accepted as, bona fide "disease." This has implications for the history of disability and the history of medicine, as ME/CFS sits uneasily between these bodies of knowledge, demonstrating the thorny and socially overdetermined process of medicalization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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41. Progressive iso-inertial resistance exercise promotes more favorable cardiovascular adaptations than traditional resistance exercise in young adults.

Author

Banks, Nile F., Rogers, Emily M., Berry, Alexander C., and Jenkins, Nathaniel D. M.

Subjects
*RESISTANCE training, *YOUNG adults, *SYSTOLIC blood pressure, *ISOMETRIC exercise, *HEART beat
Abstract

We compared the cardiovascular adaptations to resistance training (RT) using either traditional isotonic or iso-inertial resistance exercise in a randomized controlled study. Thirty-one healthy young adults (means ± SD, age = 24 ± 3 yr) completed 10 wk of traditional isotonic RT (TRT; n = 7 female/5 male), iso-inertial flywheel RT (FWRT; n = 7 female/4 male), or a habitual activity control (Con; n = 5 female/3 male). Before and following the intervention period, blood pressure, blood pressure reactivity, flowmediated dilation (FMD), carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV), baroreflex sensitivity (BRS), and heart rate variability (RMSSD) were assessed. TRT and FWRT similarly improved isometric muscle strength. TRT significantly increased systolic blood pressure reactivity during isometric exercise compared with both FWRT (mean difference ± 95% CI, þ10.8 ± 8.8 mmHg) and Con (þ11.8 ± 9.1 mmHg). Cardiovagal BRS was significantly reduced in TRT versus FWRT (-6.82 ± 4.9 ms/mmHg; P = 0.006) but not between TRT versus Con (P = 0.12) or FWRT versus Con (P = 0.43). Resting heart rate (RHR) and RMSSD worsened in TRT compared with FWRT (RHR, þ8 ± 5.8 beats/min, P = 0.006; RMSSD, -22.3 ± 15.6 ms, P = 0.004). Changes in BRS and RMSSD were associated with changes in blood pressure reactivity in the RT groups (r = -0.51 to -0.52). There were no significant changes in FMD or cfPWV in any group (P = 0.13). In conclusion, 10 wk of TRT and FWRT resulted in similar improvements in strength, but TRT caused impairments in blood pressure reactivity compared with FWRT and Con and parasympathetic nervous system activity compared with FWRT. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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42. Novel Energy Drink Improves Cognitive Function and Mood, without Influencing Myocardial Oxygen Demand or Ventricular Repolarization in Adult Gamers: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Trial.

Author

Schwager, Laura E., Helwig, Nathaniel J., Rogers, Emily M., Banks, Nile F., Alpers, Justin P., Schulte, Sydni L., Lockwood, Christopher M., and Jenkins, Nathaniel D.M.

Abstract

There are limited available data assessing the efficacy of acute energy drink consumption on cognition and gaming performance, nor on cardiovascular safety. To examine the efficacy of acute consumption of a novel energy drink (C4S) versus placebo for improving cognitive and gaming performance and mood. Secondarily, we examined the cardiovascular safety profile of acute C4S consumption. Forty-five healthy, young adult video gamers completed two experimental visits in randomized order where they consumed either C4S or a placebo and then completed a validated battery of neurocognitive tests, played five video games, and completed a mood state survey. Blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), oxygen saturation, and electrocardiogram measurements were taken at baseline and repeated throughout each visit. Acute consumption of C4S improved cognitive flexibility (absolute mean or median difference [95% CI] = +4.3 [2.2–6.4]; p < 0.001; d = 0.63), executive function (+4.3 [2.3–6.3]; p < 0.001; d = 0.63), sustained attention (+2.1 [0.6–3.6]; p = 0.01; d = 0.44), motor speed (+2.9 [0.8–4.9]; p < 0.001; d = 0.44), psychomotor speed (+3.9 [0.1–7.7]; p = 0.04; d = 0.32) working memory (+1.0 [0.1–1.9]; p = 0.02; d = 0.35), and performance in the two-dimensional visuospatial game Tetris (+463 [-419–2,065] pts; p = 0.049; d = 0.30) compared to placebo. C4S also improved Fatigue-Inertia (-1 [-3–0]; p = 0.004; d = 0.45), Vigor-Activity (+2.4 [1.3–3.6]; p < 0.001; d = 0.64), Friendliness (+0 [0–1]; p = 0.04; d = 0.32), and Total Mood Disturbance (-3 [-6–0]; p = 0.002; d = 0.44). BP increased slightly in C4S versus placebo, while HR decreased from baseline to post-drink in the C4S condition. Rate-pressure-product was higher in C4S versus placebo independent of time but did not increase from baseline. There was no effect on corrected QT interval. Acute consumption of C4S was efficacious for cognitive performance, visuospatial gaming performance, and mood enhancement, and had no effect on myocardial oxygen demand or ventricular repolarization, despite being associated with increases in BP. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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50. Novel Energy Drink Improves Cognitive Function and Mood, without Influencing Myocardial Oxygen Demand or Ventricular Repolarization in Adult Gamers: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Crossover Trial

Author

Schwager, Laura E., primary, Helwig, Nathaniel J., additional, Rogers, Emily M., additional, Banks, Nile F., additional, Alpers, Justin P., additional, Schulte, Sydni L., additional, Lockwood, Christopher M., additional, and Jenkins, Nathaniel D.M., additional

Published
2023
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