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El presente artículo se fundamenta en las dificultades identificadas en los estudiantes de noveno grado relacionadas con la comprensión del texto martiano, teniendo en cuenta su complejidad léxica y sintáctica. A partir de ello se plantea como objetivo elaborar un algoritmo de análisis basado en el tratamiento al léxico y la sintaxis de los textos martianos para contribuir a su mejor comprensión. Como materiales se utilizaron textos martianos propuestos en el Programa de estudio del noveno grado. Para ello se emplearon los métodos teóricos histórico-lógico y análisis documental para obtener una visión diacrónica del tratamiento del análisis en el noveno grado, así como la modelación para la elaboración de su algoritmo de análisis. El algoritmo fue aplicado de acuerdo con el contenido del texto martiano en el noveno grado de la Secundaria Básica Cosme Torres Izquierdo donde se alcanzaron resultados satisfactorios. Como principal resultado se contribuyó a la preparación del docente en el tratamiento del análisis del texto martiano en función de su comprensión, lo que repercutió favorablemente en los procesos de análisis y comprensión de los estudiantes. De lo anterior se concluye que la propuesta del algoritmo para encauzar el análisis y la comprensión de textos martianos constituye un instrumento útil y necesario para la preparación de los docentes con respecto al análisis en función de la comprensión.

Este artigo analisa os fundamentos da Didática Histórico-Crítica, desenvolvidos pelos teóricos marxistas da Pedagogia Histórico-Crítica (PHC) no Brasil, em comparação com as concepções teóricas de dois autores internacionais, Tomaschewsky (1966) e Zayas (1999). Toda a investigação é orientada pelo seguinte problema: em que medida a Didática Histórico-Crítica, como parte da proposta pedagógica de educação crítica e emancipadora, no Brasil, representa uma alternativa concreta ao processo de ensino-aprendizagem, desde os critérios teórico-metodológicos universais da didática materialista histórico-dialético? O método adotado como referencial para esta investigação se baseia no materialismo histórico-dialético. A metodologia utilizada trata-se de revisão bibliográfica. Para tanto, realizou-se a análise dos fundamentos centrais da Didática Histórico-Crítica, desde a concepção de Duarte (2001), Gasparin (2002), Gasparin e Petenucci (2014), Galvão et. al (2019) e Saviani (1995; 2002; 2008; 2011; 2013), localizando as divergências fundamentais destes autores, em relação ao pensamento dos autores internacionais, estudados nesta pesquisa. O resultado alcançado demonstra que, embora tome o pensamento de Marx e da Psicologia Histórico-Cultural como referência, a Didática Histórico-Crítica apresenta divergências importantes, com relação ao pensamento dos didáticos marxistas internacionais. Diante disso, se afirma a importância da Pedagogia Histórico-Crítica e da Didática Histórico-Crítica para a educação brasileira, enquanto uma visão teórico-metodológica crítica, desde que alinhada à perspectiva educacional universal, na ótica do proletariado.

Introducción: La inadecuada adherencia al tratamiento farmacológico y las sesiones de hemodiálisis conllevan complicaciones para el paciente con enfermedad renal crónica. Objetivo: Analizar los factores asociados a la adherencia a la hemodiálisis y al tratamiento farmacológico. Material y Método: Diseño no experimental, transversal, correlacional y observacional, tras aprobación del Comité Ético. Población conformada por 90 pacientes, de la cual se obtuvo una muestra de 71. La información se recolectó mediante un cuestionario conformado por el test de Batalla y test MMAS-8. Se realizo análisis estadístico con Microsoft Excel 2016 y Statistical Package for the Social Sciences 25. Resultados: El 49,30% de los pacientes presentaron adherencia a las sesiones de hemodiálisis, sin embargo, el 94,37% tuvo falta de adherencia al tratamiento farmacológico. Los factores asociados con la adherencia a las sesiones fueron la edad, el conocimiento sobre la enfermedad, el tiempo de hemodiálisis, el número de comorbilidades y el número de fármacos. Los factores asociados con la adherencia al tratamiento farmacológico fueron el conocimiento sobre la enfermedad renal crónica, y el número de comorbilidades. Conclusiones: Existe mayor probabilidad de cumplir con las sesiones de hemodiálisis cuando el paciente es adulto mayor, tiene conocimiento sobre la enfermedad, y lleva más de cinco años en tratamiento dialítico. Existe mayor probabilidad de tener baja adherencia farmacológica cuando el paciente presenta de 3 a más comorbilidades. Se recomienda la implementación de programas educativos de intervención y considerar estrategias como cartillas o alarmas en celulares para el consumo de fármacos y la asistencia a la hemodiálisis.

Due to the enormous diversity of non-culturable viruses, new viruses must be characterized using culture-independent techniques. The associated host is an important phenotypic feature that can be inferred from metagenomic viral contigs thanks to the development of several bioinformatic tools. Here, we compare the performance of recently developed virus-host prediction tools on a dataset of 1,046 virus-host pairs and then apply the best-performing tools to a metagenomic dataset derived from a highly diverse transiently hypersaline site known as the Archaean Domes (AD) within the Cuatro Ciénegas Basin, Coahuila, Mexico. Among host-dependent methods, alignment-based approaches had a precision of 66.07% and a sensitivity of 24.76%, while alignment-free methods had an average precision of 75.7% and a sensitivity of 57.5%. RaFAH, a virus-dependent alignment-based tool, had the best overall performance (F1_score = 95.7%). However, when predicting the host of AD viruses, methods based on public reference databases (such as RaFAH) showed lower inter-method agreement than host-dependent methods run against custom databases constructed from prokaryotes inhabiting AD. Methods based on custom databases also showed the greatest agreement between the source environment and the predicted host taxonomy, habitat, lifestyle, or metabolism. This highlights the value of including custom data when predicting hosts on a highly diverse metagenomic dataset, and suggests that using a combination of methods and qualitative validations related to the source environment and predicted host biology can increase the number of correct predictions. Finally, these predictions suggest that AD viruses infect halophilic archaea as well as a variety of bacteria that may be halophilic, halotolerant, alkaliphilic, thermophilic, oligotrophic, sulfate-reducing, or marine, which is consistent with the specific environment and the known geological and biological evolution of the Cuatro Ciénegas Basin and its microorganisms.

Plain Language Summary Management of uncontrollable motor movements in patients with advanced Parkinson’s disease rely on oral levodopa-based treatments. Non-motor symptoms such as depression and anxiety are managed with additional oral medications. Over time, higher and more frequent dosing of oral medications is required, resulting in complex medication regimens that impact quality of life and adherence. A real-world study of 10,752 Parkinson’s disease patients between 2014 and 2018 evaluated the effectiveness of two device-aided therapies to reduce pill burden, carbidopa/levodopa enteral suspension and deep brain stimulation. Carbidopa/levodopa suspension treatment involves continuous delivery of levodopa to the intestines through a surgical port attached to a portable pump. Brain stimulation involves surgery to attach metal wires to the brain to send electrical pulses via an implanted stimulator. As Parkinson’s disease predominately affects the elderly, we compared Medicare patients on carbidopa/levodopa suspension to a matched control group receiving no suspension and to those receiving brain stimulation. Average pill burden/day was measured prior to receiving a device-aided treatment (baseline) and at 0–6 months and 7–12 months post-treatment (follow-up). The top graph shows that by 6-months post-treatment, patients on carbidopa/levodopa suspension required fewer pills than those without suspension (4.7 versus 11.4), with further pill reduction at 12 months (3.5 versus 11.1). The bottom graph shows that by 6 months, patients on carbidopa/levodopa suspension required fewer pills than patients treated with brain stimulation (4.8 versus 7.4), with further reduction at 12 months (3.6 versus 7.0). The reduction in oral pill burden suggests that the carbidopa/levodopa suspension may present an opportunity to simplify treatment regimens.

The short precorneal residence time of ophthalmic drops is associated with their low absorption; therefore, the development of ocular inserts capable of prolonging and controlling the ophthalmic release of drugs is an interesting option in the design and development of these drugs. A surface response design was developed, specifically the Central Composite Design (CCD), to produce ophthalmic films loaded with Dexamethasone (DEX) by the solvent evaporation method having experimental levels of different concentrations of previously selected polymers (PVP K-30 and Eudragit RS100.). Once optimization of the formulation was obtained, the in vivo test was continued. The optimal formulation obtained a thickness of 0.265 ± 0.095 mm, pH of 7.11 ± 0.04, tensile strength of 15.50 ± 3.94 gF, humidity (%) of 22.54 ± 1.7, mucoadhesion strength of 16.89 ± 3.46 gF, chemical content (%) of 98.19 ± 1.124, release of (%) 13,510.71, and swelling of 0.0403 ± 0.023 g; furthermore, in the in vivo testing the number and residence time of PMN cells were lower compared to the Ophthalmic Drops. The present study confirms the potential use of polymeric systems using PVPK30 and ERS100 as a new strategy of controlled release of ophthalmic drugs by controlling and prolonging the release of DEX at the affected site by decreasing the systemic effects of the drug.

Summary: TSPEAR variants cause autosomal recessive ectodermal dysplasia (ARED) 14. The function of TSPEAR is unknown. The clinical features, the mutation spectrum, and the underlying mechanisms of ARED14 are poorly understood. Combining data from new and previously published individuals established that ARED14 is primarily characterized by dental anomalies such as conical tooth cusps and hypodontia, like those seen in individuals with WNT10A-related odontoonychodermal dysplasia. AlphaFold-predicted structure-based analysis showed that most of the pathogenic TSPEAR missense variants likely destabilize the β-propeller of the protein. Analysis of 100000 Genomes Project (100KGP) data revealed multiple founder TSPEAR variants across different populations. Mutational and recombination clock analyses demonstrated that non-Finnish European founder variants likely originated around the end of the last ice age, a period of major climatic transition. Analysis of gnomAD data showed that the non-Finnish European population TSPEAR gene-carrier rate is ∼1/140, making it one of the commonest AREDs. Phylogenetic and AlphaFold structural analyses showed that TSPEAR is an ortholog of drosophila Closca, an extracellular matrix-dependent signaling regulator. We, therefore, hypothesized that TSPEAR could have a role in enamel knot, a structure that coordinates patterning of developing tooth cusps. Analysis of mouse single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) data revealed highly restricted expression of Tspear in clusters representing enamel knots. A tspeara−/−;tspearb−/− double-knockout zebrafish model recapitulated the clinical features of ARED14 and fin regeneration abnormalities of wnt10a knockout fish, thus suggesting interaction between tspear and wnt10a. In summary, we provide insights into the role of TSPEAR in ectodermal development and the evolutionary history, epidemiology, mechanisms, and consequences of its loss of function variants.

A 22-year-old male was admitted to an in-patient psychiatric unit for treatment, after a period of 2 years of increasing psychotic symptoms corresponding to a very severe case of schizophrenia across the entire scale of symptom disorder domains along with some drug abuse comorbidity. Previous treatments with olanzapine (OLA) and risperidone (RIS) had been at best partly successful toward his positive symptoms with no, or even worsening effects on the negative symptomatology. Given the gravity of the latter symptoms and functional impairment of our patient, he might thus have been a candidate for clozapine (CLZ) treatment. It was however decided to switch his antipsychotic treatment to cariprazine (CAR), an agent with a novel pharmacological and clinical profile, because of its favorable pharmacodynamic, pharmacokinetic, and tolerability/safety properties. In a follow-up on the patient 6 months after discharge he is not fully recovered, but the recovery attained reflects a marked functional improvement compared to before the RIS-to-CAR switch. The remarkable response to CAR observed may, speculatively, be in line with the suggestion that CAR could offer an alternative, safer, and more tolerable monotherapy approach (vs. CLZ) for patients with severe negative symptoms and functional deficiency resistant to standard antipsychotic treatment. He appears to occasionally still be taking drugs, but no worsening of positive symptoms has been noted. Whether or not he could reach full recovery if he would abstain entirely from drugs of abuse remains an open question.

El objetivo fue indagar qué tipo de información contienen las páginas digitales de 10 estados y 76 municipios de México para disminuir el delito de violencia de género. La perspectiva teórica es la comunicación participativa. Se acudió a la etnografía digital para el estudio de los espacios digitales oficiales, para el análisis se diseñaron en cuatro categorías de análisis. Dentro de los principales hallazgos que se obtuvieron fueron que no existe un plan estratégico integral desde la federación ni de los gobiernos locales para intervenir, tampoco hay una estrategia de comunicación participativa en los distintos órdenes de gobierno para erradicar la violencia.

Background: Uterine arteriovenous malformations (UAVM) are especially relevant vascular abnormalities due to the vital risk that may stem from severe genital bleeding. The objective of this systematic review was to evaluate the ultrasound criteria for the diagnosis of UAVM and determine which ones are the consistently relevant for the diagnosis of UAVM. Methods: For this systemic review, we followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines. The systematic search was carried out in PubMed and Embase databases up to January 31st, 2023. The total amount of articles compiled with the search strategy was 3191. Results: 21 records met the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. The results revealed the heterogeneity in the studies on UAVM, as not all studies use the same ultrasound (US) features. Most of the included articles described data on US findings in the grayscale mode, which were variable and not specific for the diagnosis. In terms of color Doppler mapping and spectral Doppler analysis, the findings were consistent in all articles included, showing abnormal strong hypervascular lesions corresponding with a tangle of irregular vessels with multidirectional and strongly turbulent intraluminal flow. Conclusions: Ultrasound diagnosis of uterine arteriovenous malformations might be initially suspected in the grayscale mode, although the color and spectral Doppler assessment seems to be the key to achieving a consistent diagnosis with the visualization of a tangle of vessels in a ‘mosaic’ pattern with multidirectional turbulent flow in an arteriovenous shunting, with high-velocity and low-impedance values in spectral flow analysis.

Trump's immigration policy continued the return of Mexicans to their country of origin. The magnitude of the flow, the high presence of children and teenagers, and the complexity and diversity of their trajectories and characteristics are distinctive elements of the current return. One of the Mexican states that receives the most return migration is Oaxaca, since the 1980s one of the main expellers of migrants to the United States, who now return accompanied by their minor children. Consequently, the educational system, the main way of (re)inserting children and adolescents into society in migratory contexts, experiences a greater demand for services by this school-age population with distinctive characteristics and needs. The findings of this research show the main elements that prevent the (re)insertion into the Mexican educational system of children and adolescents from the United States and their consequences. La politica migratoria de Trump da continuidad al retorno de mexicanos a su pais de origen. La magnitud del flujo, la alta presencia de ninas, ninos y adolescentes y la complejidad y diversidad de sus trayectorias y caracteristicas constituyen elementos distintivos del actual retorno. Uno de los estados mexicanos que mas migracion en retorno recibe es el de Oaxaca, configurado desde los anos ochenta como uno de los principales expulsores de migrantes a Estados Unidos que ahora regresan acompanados de sus hijos menores. Consecuentemente, el sistema educativo, principal via de (re)insercion de la ninez y la adolescencia a la sociedad en contextos migratorios, experimenta una mayor demanda de servicios por parte de esta poblacion en edad escolar con caracteristicas y necesidades distintivas. Los hallazgos de esta investigacion muestran los principales elementos que impiden la (re)insercion al sistema educativo mexicano de las ninas, ninos y adolescentes procedentes de Estados Unidos y sus consecuencias., Desde que el republicano Donald Trump asumiera la presidencia del gobierno de los Estados Unidos en enero de 2017, el retorno de mexicanos a su pais de origen ha venido [...]

Among the adaptations of aquatic species during evolution of terrestrial tetrapods was the development of an epidermis preventing desiccation. In present day mammals, keratinocytes of the epidermis, using a membrane-bound transglutaminase (Tgm1), accomplish this function by synthesizing a scaffold of cross-linked protein to which a lipid envelope is attached. This study characterizes the abilities of two homologous transglutaminase isozymes in the teleost fish tilapia to form cross-linked protein structures and their expression in certain tissues. Results indicate they are capable of membrane localization and of generating cellular structures resistant to detergent solubilization. They are both expressed in epithelial cells of the lip, buccal cavity and tips of gill filaments. Adaptation of transglutaminase use in evolution of terrestrial keratinocytes evidently involved refinements in tissue expression, access to suitable substrate proteins and activation of cross-linking during terminal differentiation.

BackgroundPeople with COVID-19 are instructed to self-isolate at home. During self-isolation, they may experience anxiety and insufficient care. Patient portals can allow patients to self-monitor and remotely share their health status with health care professionals, but little data are available on their feasibility. ObjectiveThis paper presents the protocol of the Opal-COVID Study. Its objectives are to assess the implementation of the Opal patient portal for distance monitoring of self-isolating patients with COVID-19, identify influences on the intervention’s implementation, and describe service and patient outcomes of this intervention. MethodsThis mixed methods pilot study aims to recruit 50 patient participants with COVID-19 tested at the McGill University Health Centre (Montreal, Canada) for 14 days of follow-up. With access to an existing patient portal through a smartphone app, patients will complete a daily self-assessment of symptoms, vital signs, and mental health monitored by a nurse, and receive teleconsultations as needed. Study questionnaires will be administered to collect data on sociodemographic characteristics, medical background, implementation outcomes (acceptability, usability, and respondent burden), and patient satisfaction. Coordinator logbook entries will inform on feasibility outcomes, namely, on recruitment, retention, and fidelity, as well as on the frequency and nature of contacts with health care professionals. The statistical analyses for objectives 1 (implementation outcomes), 3 (service outcomes), and 4 (patient outcomes) will evaluate the effects of time and sociodemographic characteristics on the outcomes. For objectives 1 (implementation outcomes) and 4 (patient outcomes), the statistical analyses will also examine the attainment of predefined success thresholds. As for the qualitative analyses, for objective 2 (influences on implementation), semistructured qualitative interviews will be conducted with 4 groups of stakeholders (ie, patient participants, health care professionals, technology developers, and study administrators) and submitted for content analysis, guided by the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research to help identify barriers to and facilitators of implementation. For objective 3 (service outcomes), reasons for contacting health care professionals through Opal will also be submitted for content analysis. ResultsBetween December 2020 and March 2021, a total of 51 patient participants were recruited. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 39 stakeholders from April to September 2021. Delays were experienced owing to measures taken at the McGill University Health Centre to address COVID-19. The quantitative and qualitative analyses began in May 2022. As of June 2022, a total of 2 manuscripts (on the implementation and the patient outcomes) were being prepared, and 3 conference presentations had been given on the study’s methods. ConclusionsThis protocol is designed to generate multidisciplinary knowledge on the implementation of a patient portal–based COVID-19 care intervention and will lead to a comprehensive understanding of feasibility, stakeholder experience, and influences on implementation that may prove useful for scaling up similar interventions. Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT04978233; https://clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT04978233 International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID)DERR1-10.2196/35760