Search

Rabbits in Argentina are mostly produced by rural farmers who maintain small-scale operations for meat and complements other farm activities. The main meats consumed in Argentine are beef (46.1 kg/per capita/year), poultry (45.2 kg/per capita/year), pork (14.6 kg/per capita/year) and sheep (1.06 kg/per capita/year); respect to rabbit meat, not exceed 2 g/per capita/year. The objective of this study was to analyze the economic efficiency and feed cost of rabbit production for meat in a small-scale farm of Argentina. The global FCR was of 5.7, and an average of 15.9 kg/animal were required to produce live weight of slaughtered one rabbit of 2.85 kg. The average of rabbit price/feed price and the relation of rabbit meat price/feed price was of ratio was of 15.2 and 10.8 respectively. The global FCR worsens when the productivity values are lower than 2.5 animals/doe/month. The profit obtained for each commercialized rabbit was very low (USD 0.06/animal). Within the strategies to develop the productive chain of rabbit meat in Argentina, it should aim to stimulate the consumption habit promoting the high nutritional quality of the meat, improve the superior price ratio with respect to other meats such as chicken and pork., Arjantin'de tavşan eti, çoğunlukla diğer çiftlik faaliyetlerini tamamlamak üzere küçük ölçekli tavşan yetiştiriciliği yapan kırsal çiftçiler tarafından üretilmektedir. Arjantin'de tüketilen başlıca etler; sığır (46.1 kg/kişi/yıl), kümes hayvanları (45.2 kg/kişi/yıl), domuz (14.6 kg/kişi/yıl) ve koyun (1.06 kg/kişi/yıl) eti olup tavşan eti için kişi başı yıllık tüketim 2 gr'ı geçmez. Bu çalışmanın amacı, Arjantin'de küçük ölçekli bir çiftlikte et üretimi için yapılan tavşan yetiştiriciliğinin ekonomik verimliliğini ve yem maliyetini analiz etmektir. Küresel bazda yem dönüştürme oranı (YDO) 5.7 olup, 2.85 kg canlı ağırlıkta kesilmiş bir tavşan üretmek için ortalama hayvan başına 15.9 kg yem gerekir. Tavşan fiyatı/yem fiyatı ortalaması ve tavşan eti fiyatı/yem fiyatı ilişkisi sırasıyla 15.2 ve 10.8 oranında olmuştur. Küresel YDO, üretkenlik değerleri 2.5 hayvan/gey/ay'dan düşük olduğunda kötüleşir. Ticarileştirilmiş her tavşan için elde edilen kar çok düşüktü (0,06 USD/hayvan). Arjantin'de tavşan etinin üretken zincirini geliştirme stratejileri içinde, etin yüksek besin kalitesini teşvik ederek tüketim alışkanlığını teşvik etmeyi, tavuk ve domuz eti gibi diğer etlere göre fiyat oranını iyileştirmeyi amaçlamaktadır.

Coccidiosis is cause of economic losses due to weight loss and growth retardation, decreased feeding efficiency, diarrhea and death of weaning rabbits. The main objective of the work was to evaluate the dynamic change of Eimeria oocyst shedding in the reproductive stage and in weaned litters during the fattening period, in a farm for meat production, with a history of coccidiosis infection. A faecal sample of the following physiological condition was obtained weekly: gestation (G1, G2, G3 and G4) and lactation (L1, L2, L3 and L4), not pregnant or not lactating were also included (V). In weaned rabbits, faecal sample / litters were obtained weekly, until rabbits reached the slaughter weight (2.5 kg). All samples were examined by flotation and the McMaster method. Co-infection with six species of the genus Eimeria could be observed in all positive animals. The infection rate in rabbits varied according to physiological state, being 22.7% (G3- L3), 13.4% (G4), 9.1% (G1-L4), 20% (GL), 4.6% (G2-L2). During the first week of lactation (L1), no positivity was observed. Parasitic loads ranged from 40 to 13820 OPG; the highest counts were observed in L2 and G3. In the second half of lactation, females have seven times the risk of excreting oocysts in the feces compared to the first half. Litter rabbits excreted oocyst during all fattening period; however, during weeks 3 to 7 the oocyst excretion was higher. This is the first report in which it is described the oocysts mixture of six Eimeria species (E. vejdovskyi, E. coecicola, E. magna, E. exigua, E. media and E. stiedae) from the rabbit for meat production in the region. These findings show that breeding rabbits are asymptomatic carriers of coccidian infections and can shed oocysts at any time during the reproductive cycle. Coccidiosis is cause of economic losses due to weight loss and growth retardation, decreased feeding efficiency, diarrhea and death of weaning rabbits. The main objective of the work was to evaluate the dynamic change of Eimeria oocyst shedding in the reproductive stage and in weaned litters during the fattening period, in a farm for meat production, with a history of coccidiosis infection. A faecal sample of the following physiological condition was obtained weekly: gestation (G1, G2, G3 and G4) and lactation (L1, L2, L3 and L4), not pregnant or not lactating were also included (V). In weaned rabbits, faecal sample / litters were obtained weekly, until rabbits reached the slaughter weight (2.5 kg). All samples were examined by flotation and the McMaster method. Co-infection with six species of the genus Eimeria could be observed in all positive animals. The infection rate in rabbits varied according to physiological state, being 22.7% (G3- L3), 13.4% (G4), 9.1% (G1-L4), 20% (GL), 4.6% (G2-L2). During the first week of lactation (L1), no positivity was observed. Parasitic loads ranged from 40 to 13820 OPG; the highest counts were observed in L2 and G3. In the second half of lactation, females have seven times the risk of excreting oocysts in the feces compared to the first half. Litter rabbits excreted oocyst during all fattening period; however, during weeks 3 to 7 the oocyst excretion was higher. This is the first report in which it is described the oocysts mixture of six Eimeria species (E. vejdovskyi, E. coecicola, E. magna, E. exigua, E. media and E. stiedae) from the rabbit for meat production in the region. These findings show that breeding rabbits are asymptomatic carriers of coccidian infections and can shed oocysts at any time during the reproductive cycle. La coccidiosis es causa de pérdidas económicas debido a pérdida de peso, retraso del crecimiento, disminución de la eficiencia alimentaria, diarrea y muerte de conejos. El objetivo del trabajo fue evaluar la excreción de ooquistes de Eimeria en hembras reproductoras y sus camadas destetadas durante el período de engorde, en una granja para la producción de carne, con antecedentes de infección por coccidiosis. Se recolectó semanalmente una muestra fecal de las conejas para las siguientes condiciones fisiológicas: gestación (G1, G2, G3 y G4) y lactancia (L1, L2, L3 y L4), también se incluyeron aquellas hembras vacías, es decir que no estaban gestando o lactando (V). En conejos destetados, se recolectaron muestras fecales / camadas / semana, hasta alcanzar el peso de faena. Las muestras se examinaron mediante el método de flotación la cámara McMaster. Se observó co-infección con seis especies del género Eimeria en todos los animales positivos. La tasa de infección varió según la condición fisiológica de la coneja, siendo 22,7% (G3-L3), 13,4% (G4), 9,1% (G1-L4), 20% (GL), 4,6% (G2-L2). Las cargas parasitarias variaron de 40 a 13820 OPG; los recuentos más altos se observaron en L2 y G3. En la segunda mitad de la lactancia, las hembras tienen siete veces más riesgo de excretar ooquistes en las heces en comparación con la primera mitad. Los conejos excretaron ooquistes durante todo el período de engorde; sin embargo, durante las semanas 3 a 7 la excreción fue mayor. Este es el primer informe en el que se describe la presencia de ooquistes de seis especies de Eimeria species (E. vejdovskyi, E. coecicola, E. magna, E. exigua, E. media and E. stiedae) en conejos de la región. Estos hallazgos muestran que los conejos reproductores son portadores asintomáticos de infecciones por coccidias y pueden arrojar ooquistes en cualquier momento durante el ciclo reproductivo.

Sperm vitality testing is a basic semen examination that has been described in the World Health Organization (WHO) Laboratory Manual for the Examination and Processing of Human Semen from its primary edition, 40 years ago. Several methods can be used to test sperm vitality, such as the eosin-nigrosin (E-N) stain or the hypoosmotic swelling (HOS) test. In the 6th (2021) edition of the WHO Laboratory Manual, sperm vitality assessment is mainly recommended if the total motility is less than 40%. Hence, a motile spermatozoon is considered alive, however, in certain conditions an immotile spermatozoon can also be alive. Therefore, the differentiation between asthenozoospermia (pathological decrease in sperm motility) and necrozoospermia (pathological decrease in sperm vitality) is important in directing further investigation and management of infertile patients. The causes leading to necrozoospermia are diverse and can either be local or general, testicular or extra -testicular. The andrological management of necrozoospermia depends on its etiology. However, there is no standardized treatment available presently and practice varies among clinicians. In this study, we report the results of a global survey to understand current practices regarding the physician order of sperm vitality tests as well as the management practices for necrozoospermia. Laboratory and clinical scenarios are presented to guide the reader in the management of necrozoospermia with the overall objective of establishing a benchmark ranging from the diagnosis of necrozoospermia by sperm vitality testing to its clinical management. American Center for Reproductive Medicine

Background: Current algorithm for Congenital Chagas Disease (cCD) diagnosis is unsatisfactory due to low sensitivity of the parasitological methods. Moreover, loss to follow-up precludes final serodiagnosis after nine months of life in many cases. A duplex TaqMan qPCR kit for Trypanosoma cruzi DNA amplification was prospectively evaluated in umbilical cord (UCB) and peripheral venous blood (PVB) of infants born to CD mothers at endemic and non-endemic sites of Argentina. Methods: We enrolled and followed-up 370 infants; qPCR was compared to gold-standard cCD diagnosis following studies of diagnostic accuracy guidelines. Findings: Fourteen infants (3·78%) had cCD. The qPCR sensitivity and specificity were higher in PVB (72·73%, 99·15% respectively) than in UCB (66·67%, 96·3%). Positive and negative predictive values were 80 and 98·73% and 50 and 98·11% for PVB and UCB, respectively. The Areas under the Curve (AUC) of ROC analysis for qPCR and micromethod (MM) were 0·81 and 0·67 in UCB and 0·86 and 0·68 in PVB, respectively. Parasitic loads ranged from 37·5 to 23,709 parasite equivalents/mL. Discrete typing Unit Tc V was identified in five cCD patients and in six other cCD cases no distinction among Tc II, Tc V or Tc VI was achieved. Interpretation: This first prospective field study demonstrated that qPCR was more sensitive than MM for early cCD detection and more accurate in PVB than in UCB. Its use, as an auxiliary diagnostic tool to MM will provide more accurate records on cCD incidence. Funding: FITS SALUD 001-CHAGAS (FONARSEC, MINCyT, Argentina) to the Public-Private Consortium (INGEBI-CONICET, INP-ANLIS MALBRAN and Wiener Laboratories); ERANET-LAC-HD 328 to AGS and PICT 2015-0074 (FONCYT, MinCyT) to AGS and FA. Fil: Benatar, Alejandro Francisco. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular "Dr. Héctor N. Torres"; Argentina Fil: Danesi, Emmaría. Dirección Nacional de Instituto de Investigación.Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud "Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán"; Argentina Fil: Besuschio, Susana Alicia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular "Dr. Héctor N. Torres"; Argentina Fil: Bortolotti, Santiago. Wiener Laboratorios SAIC; Argentina Fil: Cafferata, María Luisa. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria; Argentina Fil: Ramirez Gomez, Juan Carlos. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular "Dr. Héctor N. Torres"; Argentina Fil: Lopez Albizu, Maria Constanza. Dirección Nacional de Instituto de Investigación. Administración Nacional de Laboratorio e Instituto de Salud “Dr. C. G. Malbrán”. Instituto Nacional de Parasitología "Dr. Mario Fatala Chaben”; Argentina Fil: Scollo, Karenina. Dirección Nacional de Instituto de Investigación. Administración Nacional de Laboratorio e Instituto de Salud “Dr. C. G. Malbrán”. Instituto Nacional de Parasitología "Dr. Mario Fatala Chaben”; Argentina Fil: Baleani, María. Wiener Laboratorios SAIC; Argentina Fil: Lara, Laura. Instituto de Maternidad y Ginecología ''Nuestra Señora de las Mercedes''; Argentina Fil: Agolti, Gustavo. Gobierno de la Provincia de Chaco. Hospital Julio César Perrando; Argentina Fil: Seu, Sandra. Gobierno de la Provincia de Santiago del Estero. Hospital Regional Dr. Ramón Carrillo; Argentina Fil: Adamo, Elsa. Provincia de Santiago del Estero. Centro Integral de Salud La Banda; Argentina Fil: Lucero, Raul Horacio. Universidad Nacional del Nordeste. Instituto de Medicina Regional; Argentina Fil: Irazu, Lucía. Dirección Nacional de Instituto de Investigación.Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud "Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán"; Argentina Fil: Rodriguez, Marcelo. Dirección Nacional de Instituto de Investigación.Administración Nacional de Laboratorios e Institutos de Salud "Dr. Carlos G. Malbrán"; Argentina Fil: Poeylaut Palena, Andrés Alberto. Wiener Laboratorios SAIC; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Longhi, Silvia Andrea. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular "Dr. Héctor N. Torres"; Argentina Fil: Esteva, Mónica Inés. Dirección Nacional de Instituto de Investigación. Administración Nacional de Laboratorio e Instituto de Salud “Dr. C. G. Malbrán”. Instituto Nacional de Parasitología "Dr. Mario Fatala Chaben”; Argentina Fil: Althabe, Fernando. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Rojkin, Federico. Wiener Laboratorios SAIC; Argentina Fil: Bua, Jacqueline Elena. Dirección Nacional de Instituto de Investigación. Administración Nacional de Laboratorio e Instituto de Salud “Dr. C. G. Malbrán”. Instituto Nacional de Parasitología "Dr. Mario Fatala Chaben”; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Sosa-Estani, Sergio Alejandro. Instituto de Efectividad Clínica y Sanitaria; Argentina. Dirección Nacional de Instituto de Investigación. Administración Nacional de Laboratorio e Instituto de Salud “Dr. C. G. Malbrán”. Instituto Nacional de Parasitología "Dr. Mario Fatala Chaben”; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina Fil: Schijman, Alejandro Gabriel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Instituto de Investigaciones en Ingeniería Genética y Biología Molecular "Dr. Héctor N. Torres"; Argentina Fil: Congenital Chagas Disease Study Group. No especifíca