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INTRODUCTION: Flexibility reduces with age due to insufficient activity of the neuromuscular system, disuse of the skeletal muscles, and a lack of physical conditioning, therefore resulting in decreased autonomy and inability to perform daily activities. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effects of Isostretching in aquatic environment on muscle flexibility of elderly people. METHODS: A longitudinal, nearly experimental, uncontrolled study conducted with 26 individuals of both sexes, average age 67.5 ± 7 years, evaluated in terms of lower limb flexibility through the "sit and reach" test before and after a 12-week session of Isostretching in aquatic environment. The sample was tested for normality using the Shapiro-Wilk test, and the pre and post practice results were compared using the Wilcoxon test, considering p < 0.05. RESULTS: When comparing pre and post results of Isostretching in aquatic environment, a significant improvement (p < 0.05) was observed in the posterior chain flexibility (12.5 cm) of lower limbs in the studied group. CONCLUSION: Isostretching performed in aquatic environment improved the posterior chain flexibility of lower limbs in a group of elderly people.

Abstract Gastric Cancer (GC) is the fifth most common cancer worldwide. Early stages of GC began being detected, giving rise to a new concern, Quality of Life. This study aimed to systematically assess the effects of different GC reconstruction techniques on postoperative type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypertension (HBP), and body mass index (BMI) reduction rate and to provide an overview of recent research on oncometabolic surgery (OS). We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis by searching three databases according to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. We performed a meta-analysis of risk ratios and mean differences to estimate the impact of duodenal bypass, Roux-en-Y reconstruction, and residual stomach on T2DM, HBP, and BMI reduction rate. Heterogeneity was assessed using the I 2 statistics. At the end of the follow-up, the duodenal bypass group compared to Billroth I had a significantly higher postoperative remission of T2DM and HBP, with a relative risk (RR) of 1.43 (95% confidence interval (95% CI) [1.27; 1.62]) and 1.3 (95% CI [1.00; 1.69]), respectively. Compared with the Billroth II group, Roux-en-Y reconstruction had significantly greater T2DM remission after gastrectomy (RR = 1.19; 95% CI [1.08; 1.31]), while HBP showed no significant differences. Regarding the improvement of HBP, total gastrectomy was significantly superior to subtotal gastrectomy (95% CI [1.01; 2.64]). A trend towards Roux-en-Y Esophagojejunostomy as the best option for T2DM remission was observed (95% CI [0.98; 2.77]; p = 0.06). Gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y reconstruction appears to be the most effective treatment for T2DM remission. Further research is needed to assess the impact of OS on metabolic diseases.

Various types of pollutants are present in wastewaters, which can combine and form even more toxic components or interfere with the treatments used for purification. Among emerging contaminants are microplastics and surfactants, which coexist in different types of wastewaters. This study aimed to assess the effects of the anionic surfactant linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) and the nonionic surfactant polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate (Tween 20) on the removal of microplastics from pristine and aged glitter PVC surfaces using electrocoagulation with aluminum electrodes. To avoid interference from other substances, a benchtop reactor operating in batch mode with particles suspended in ultrapure water was developed for the experiments. The analysis methods employed included counting with the aid of a magnifying glass, gravimetry, zeta potential measurements, and scanning electron microscopy. The results revealed that the addition of surfactants led to a reduction in the removal efficiency of plastic microparticles. The lowest removal percentages were observed at a concentration of 100 ppm, and the inclusion of Tween 20 resulted in a decrease of 23% for pristine microplastics and 45% for aged microplastics. In contrast, the addition of LAS led to a decrease of 6% for pristine microplastics and 24% for aged microplastics. Therefore, the decrease in removal efficiency was more pronounced for degraded microplastics in both the Tween 20 and LAS experiments. Comparing the reduction in removal efficiency between the two types of surfactants, it can be observed that the nonionic surfactant (Tween 20) had a greater impact on the removal of microplastics by electrocoagulation.

ABSTRACT Major liver resections require extensive margins. Occasionally, insufficient parenchyma is available after surgery to maintain liver function. In such cases, vascular embolization in the affected lobe is necessary to induce contralateral lobe hypertrophy. We present a case of embolization of the right portal and hepatic veins prior to intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma resection. Embolization was performed because of insufficient residual parenchyma on imaging studies. The patient recovered well with no signs of liver failure, and remains in remission at 3 years postoperatively. Knowledge of the use of this technique in association with surgical resection can reduce postoperative complications and allow the removal of larger tumors than those previously considered borderline.

Abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the genetic diversity between genotypes based on the physical, chemical and physicochemical characteristics of araçá-boi in tropical conditions. The experiment was carried out at the Federal University of Roraima, in the municipality of Boa Vista, Roraima, Brazil. Genotypes were obtained in the F1 generation, through open pollination. Twelve plants were evaluated, with 10 fruits being collected per plant. The physical and physicalchemical characteristics of the fruits were evaluated: fresh mass, length and diameter of the fruits, pulp yield, firmness, mass of the pulp, peel and seeds, number of seeds, soluble solids, tritratable acidity, pH, ratio SS/AT and vitamin C from fruits. The araçá-boi genotypes showed medium to high genetic variability, obtaining averages for the physical and physicalchemical characteristics higher than those observed in the literature. G genotypes A9, A10 and A6 adopted fruits with larger sizes and produced a greater number of fruits genotypes A1 obtained fruits with higher organoleptic quality. Genotypes A3 produced fruits with higher levels of Vitamin C and fruits with greater firmness. Genotypes A3, A6, A9 and A10 were promising with high agronomic potential and could be selected for the genetic improvement program of the species.

Introdução: Acinetobacter baumannii (Acb) é uma das principais bactérias associadas às infecções relacionadas à assistência à saúde, com potencial para aquisição de genes de resistência aos antimicrobianos. Durante a pandemia de COVID-19, houve aumento das taxas de isolamento de Acb, e detecção de isolados do clone IC2/CC2, que apresenta grande sucesso evolutivo e adaptativo, antes não circulante no Brasil. Objetivo: O objetivo deste trabalho é reportar a emergência de uma linhagem de Acb do clone IC2/CC2 co-produtor de OXA-23:NDM-1:ArmA em um hospital público de São Paulo, SP. Método: Rotineiramente, os isolados recebidos no Instituto Adolfo Lutz são identificados por MALDI-TOF, e submetidos a PCR para identificação do complexo clonal, pesquisa de genes de resistência aos carbapenêmicos (OXAs, KPC e NDM) e análise do perfil clonal por tipagem molecular (PFGE). Para este estudo, um isolado representativo foi selecionado para teste de sensibilidade aos antimicrobianos e sequenciamento do genoma total. Resultados: Entre 2021 e 2024, 168 isolados foram recebidos deste hospital, dos quais 52% (88/168) foram identificados como IC2/CC2 produtores de OXA-23. Destes, 19% (17/88) foram co-produtores de NDM. A análise do perfil clonal destes 17 isolados mostrou alta similaridade (> 87%) entre eles. O isolado selecionado para realização do teste de sensibilidade aos antimicrobianos foi classificado como multidroga resistente (MDR). Análises do resistoma demostraram a presença de genes codificadores para carbapenemases (blaOXA-23 e blaNDM-1), para enzimas modificadoras de aminoglicosídeos (aph(6)-Id, aph(3’)-VI) e para a 16S rRNA metiltransferase (armA), que confere alto grau de resistência a aminoglicosideos. O isolado foi tipado como ST218:KL7:OCL1. A filogenia realizada com outros genomas do IC2/CC2 da América do Sul identificou agrupamento com cepas de mesmo ST:KL provenientes tanto do Rio de Janeiro como de São Paulo. A transmissão hospitalar deste clone foi interrompida por meio de medidas educativas com envolvimento dos setores, e reforço a adesão às boas práticas para prevenção de infecção relacionada à assistência, com melhoria dos processos. Conclusão: Neste estudo, reportamos a emergência e disseminação clonal de Acb IC2/CC2 MDR co-produtor de OXA-23:NDM-1:ArmA em um hospital terciário da cidade de São Paulo, reforçando a necessidade de monitoramento para aplicação de medidas de contenção de um novo patógeno resistente no ambiente hospitalar.

Introdução: Streptococcus mitis é uma bactéria do grupo viridans, que pode ser encontrada na flora normal da orofaringe, trato genital feminino, trato gastrointestinal e pele. Embora a patogenicidade e virulência deste seja baixa, pode ser responsável por doenças invasivas. A meningite causada por S.mitis é rara, principalmente em imunocompetentes. Resultados: Homem de 58 anos, sem comorbidades ou medicamentos de uso contínuo, foi encaminhado à Unidade de Terapia Intensiva da Santa Casa de Santos por alteração do nível de consciência, rigidez nucal, afasia, hemiparesia a esquerda, agitação, vômitos e pressão arterial 230/120 mmHg, à princípio com o diagnóstico de urgência hipertensiva. O paciente permaneceu 10 dias na UTI e foi transferido para a enfermaria de Infectologia do serviço em questão. Após realização de coleta de líquor, foi identificada a presença do agente Streptococcus mitis em cultura, além de alta celularidade às custas de 60% neutrófilos 40% linfócitos e proteinorraquia 1707, sem a presença de outros achados importantes, a partir disso, fechando o diagnóstico de meningite pelo S. mitis. O microrganismo S. mitis foi isolado no antibiograma, sendo sensível à ampicilina, vancomicina, amoxicilina com clavulanato, clindamicina e ceftriaxona. Em exames laboratoriais, o paciente possuía leucocitose com neutrofilia, já nos testes sorológicos não foi reagente ao vírus da imunodeficiência humana, hepatite B e C ou sífilis. Assim, o tratamento instituído foi ceftriaxona 2g 12 em 12 horas por 10 dias. Conclusão: O grupo S.mitis é uma etiologia rara de meningite em adultos imunocompetentes e sem neutropenia. Na literatura, esta doença foi descrita em pacientes com raquianestesia prévia, malignidade, alcoólatras, secundária ao abscesso cerebral e principalmente, como uma das possíveis complicações neurológicas de endocardite bacteriana. Entretanto, em 1/3 dos casos, a origem da infecção não é esclarecida. No caso apresentado, o paciente não apresentou alterações sugestivas no ecocardiograma transtorácico que pudessem sugerir uma meningite pelo S. mitis secundária à endocardite bacteriana. Porém, uma provável etiologia seria a entrada pela via aérea superior em um episódio de imunodepressão temporária, uma vez que o agente em questão habitualmente está presente na cavidade oral de indivíduos imunocompetentes, sem causar repercussões clínicas. Em resumo o relato em questão é de suma relevância, visto a baixa prevalência de casos.

Background: Photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT) has been employed for the prevention and treatment of oral mucositis in patients with head and neck cancer undergoing treatment. However, information about the survival of patients receiving PBMT is still lacking. Therefore, the aim of this study was to correlate the survival of patients who either received or did not receive PBMT, combined with cancer treatments, and to assess whether the number of PBMT sessions had a positive impact on survival. Methods: The records of 751 patients seen at Hospital de Caridade São Vicente de Paulo diagnosed with head and neck cancer, treated by D.L.P., the sole operator of PBMT, between 2000 and 2016, were analyzed. The median survival rates were compared by analyzing diagnostic staging, the combination of cancer treatments, and the number of PBMT sessions. Correlation analyses were performed to assess the interactions between the number of PBMT sessions and survival. Results: PBMT increased survival by 55.14 %, from 1.07 (Without PBMT) to 1.66 years (With PBMT) for the total population and more significantly in Group 41 (stages III and IV, radiation therapy/chemotherapy, with more than five PBMT sessions), the median survival value of 1.83 years, which represents a 66.36 % higher survival rate. In all the analyzed populations, the larger number of sessions was associated with better survival. In terms of survival, advanced stages III and IV almost equated with stages I and II in the absence of PBMT. Conclusions: PBMT seems to interfere with the survival of patients with head and neck cancer, corroborating its recommendation for the treatment of mucositis, but further research is needed to investigate possible synergistic effects between PBMT and cancer treatments.

Este artigo tem como proposta analisar as contribuições das ideias do sociólogo alemão Norbert Elias em “Os Estabelecidos e os Outsiders” através do seu conceito de ‘configuração’ e a estruturação do poder relacional na sociedade a partir dos Estudos de Comunidade. Além disto, pretende-se revisitar também a obra de Edward Said “Orientalismo: o oriente como construção do ocidente” e suas análises sobre o fenômeno do “orientalismo” como uma prática discursiva ideológica de produção de uma outridade pelas instituições do Ocidente. Por fim, pretendo traçar conexões entre ambas as obras, entendendo o orientalismo como um plano configuracional marcado por posições de poder estabelecidas-outsiders.

O presente artigo discute o currículo a partir dos inúmeros atravessamentos contemporâneos que interseccionam raça, cultura e conhecimento, reconhecendo a pluralidade dos sujeitos no tocante à construção da identidade. Neste sentido, discute-se a necessidade do currículo como construção multifacetada e polifônica, visto como reflexo de uma sociedade multicultural, cujo diálogo entre as diversas culturas produz o fenômeno da transculturação. Partindo da pesquisa teórica, reflete acerca da política curricular brasileira naquilo que concerne à predominância de elementos europeus na estrutura da educação escolar, mesmo após aprovação da Lei nº 10639/2003, que altera a Lei de Diretrizes e Bases da Educação Nacional e torna obrigatório o ensino de história e cultura afro-brasileira e africana nas escolas de todo o território nacional.

Objective: to analyze the relationship between chronic cardiovascular diseases and equity indicators in Brazilian adults hospitalized for COVID-19. Methods: this cross-sectional and analytical study utilizes secondary data from the Influenza Epidemiological Surveillance Information System, encompassing 1,204,767 cases with comorbidities. Initially, the association between cardiovascular diseases and sociodemographic characteristics was tested using Poisson regression with robust variance. Subsequently, the relationship (expressed in rates) of these diseases with equity indicators was assessed through Pearson’s correlation test. Results: among the 1,204,767 hospitalized cases with comorbidities, 52.7% had cardiovascular diseases. There was an almost perfect inverse correlation (r = -0.9521) between the mean values of the Social Vulnerability Index and the outcome, whereas the mean values of the Human Development Index showed a direct correlation (r = 0.7636). Conclusion: the high prevalence of cardiovascular diseases is correlated with equity indicators in specific population strata of those hospitalized for COVID-19. Contributions to practice: the results can support practices that consider healthcare needs and the specific aspects of highly vulnerable population groups.

To date, hydroxyurea is the only effective and safe drug that significantly reduces morbidity and mortality of individuals with Sickle cell disease. Twenty years of real-life experience has demonstrated that hydroxyurea reduces pain attacks, vaso-occlusive events, including acute chest syndrome, the number and duration of hospitalizations and the need for transfusion. The therapeutic success of hydroxyurea is directly linked to access to the drug, the dose used and adherence to treatment which, in part, is correlated to the availability of hydroxyurea. This consensus aims to reduce the number of mandatory exams needed to access the drug, prioritizing the requesting physician's report, without affecting patient safety.

Objetivo: Associar a proteína c-reativa ultrassensível (PCR-US) com fatores de risco cardiovasculares, função pulmonar e qualidade de vida. Métodos: Foram realizadas medidas para o cálculo do índice de massa corporal (IMC), mensurada a circunferência de cintura (CC), parâmetros hemodinâmicos, coleta de sangue para dosagem de PCR-US, teste espirométrico (pico de fluxo expiratório-PFE; volume expiratório forçada no primeiro segundo–VEF1) e aplicação individualizada do questionário de qualidade de vida relacionada a saúde (QVRS) Short Form – 36 (SF-36). Resultados: Dos 100 jovens avaliados, o IMC e CC foram superiores naqueles com alto risco. O PFE e a relação VEF1/CVF foram superiores nos jovens com baixo risco. Os domínios saúde mental, capacidade funcional e vitalidade (VT) foram maiores nos jovens com menor risco cardiovascular. Dos jovens com sobrepeso/obesidade, 87,5% tinham moderado e alto risco (p=0,044) e dos com CC acima do previsto, 86,7% tinham moderado e alto risco (p=0,002). Dos jovens com QVRS acima do P(50), 43,5%, 50% e 45,7% tinham baixo risco cardiovascular para os domínios capacidade funcional, estado geral de saúde e vitalidade. A PCR-US teve correlação positiva com IMC (p=0,044), enquanto a PFE (p=0,046) e a relação VEF1/CVF (p=0,002) tiveram relação inversa. Conclusão: A PCR-US apresentou relação com o IMC e CC, função pulmonar e QVRS, principalmente no que se referiu aos aspectos físicos. O controle da obesidade deve ser enfatizado e para isso, a prática de atividade física regular e a alimentação adequada podem auxiliar, inclusive na redução da resposta inflamatória crônica.

RESUMO Os diferentes atributos ambientais das vertentes norte e sul na Floresta Ombrófila Densa Montana da Serra do Mar podem explicar a variação da paisagem e a composição de espécies florestais dos seus ecossistemas. Foram amostradas 12 vertentes na zona do interflúvio de Nova Friburgo-RJ, sendo seis em cada face de exposição, utilizando o método fitossociológico Ponto por Quadrante. Os 480 indivíduos amostrados pertencem a 119 espécies, 75 gêneros e 40 famílias. A similaridade de espécies entre os dois tipos de vertentes foi de 36%, em que 43 espécies foram comuns, 36 exclusivas da sul e 40 da norte. A espécie mais abundante foi Euterpe edulis L. , com 50 indivíduos na vertente sul e 29 na vertente norte. Conclui-se que a alta biodiversidade e a exposição das vertentes influenciam o padrão de similaridade/exclusividade das espécies.

Leishmaniasis is a tropical infectious disease caused by Leishmania parasites. The disease can be spread by the bite of an infected sand fly. Currently, five chemotherapeutic drugs are available in leishmaniasis treatment. However, these drugs exhibit toxicity and serious adverse effects on infected individuals, necessitating alternative treatment strategies. One such strategy involves using combinations of existing antileishmanial drugs. In this study, we evaluated the interaction between artesunate (AS) and three antileishmanial drugs—amphotericin B (AmB), miltefosine (MF), and paromomycin (PM) against Leishmania infantum. This evaluation marks the first time such an assessment has been conducted. The Chou–Talalay combination index method was employed to analyze the drug interaction. The findings revealed that the interaction between AS and AmB ranged from antagonistic to synergistic, while the interaction between AS and MF showed moderate to strong synergism. In contrast, the interaction between AS and PM resulted in an antagonistic interaction, which differs from the combinations with AmB or MF. This study provides valuable insights for developing novel drug regimens for leishmaniasis treatment, emphasizing the potential of AS and its combination with existing antileishmanial drugs. Further research is necessary to optimize drug combinations and minimize adverse effects, leading to more effective therapeutic outcomes.

Clarisia racemosa is a valuable resource in the wood industry, commonly used as raw material for furniture, boat construction, civil engineering, and various other applications. However, this species is used in other sectors as well. Research has shown that this plant has therapeutic potential for medicinal purposes. This review aims to present the various biological activities of the Clarisia racemosa plant. This study was conducted by postgraduate students in the Morphotechnology program at the Federal University of Pernambuco, from September 1st to October 6th, 2023, as part of a course on scientific article and patent preparation. The research findings confirmed that the species has the ability to promote various beneficial activities, including antioxidant, antitumor, toxicological, insecticidal, antimicrobial, antiparasitic, and photoprotective effects. This review aims to increase the value of species found in the Brazilian flora by obtaining products with high added value.

Este artigo analisa a abordagem do léxico na Grammatica secundaria da lingua portugueza (1924), de Manuel Said Ali. Para isso, trazemos a gramatização (AUROUX, 2014) de língua portuguesa no Brasil para a discussão, e o estudo do léxico (ANTUNES, 2012; VILLALVA; SILVESTRE, 2014) em gramáticas. Assim, analisamos como os fenômenos lexicais estão presentes na Grammatica secundaria (1924), verificando os impactos que o clima de opinião teve na descrição do conhecimento lexical. Como resultados, percebemos grande influência de nomes importantes da linguística e traços da corrente histórico-comparativa advinda do século XIX.

Miranda Municipality of Mato Grosso do Sul, borders the Pantanal wetland, a famous fishing destination visited by tourists from all over the world, and is a location where visceral leishmaniasis has been reported. To assess the risk of Leishmania infantum transmission, we studied the sandfly community, focusing on known vector and parasite presence. We conducted light trap collections twice per month at nine sites within the city (including two forested areas) for one year. We collected a total of 12,727 sand flies, 10,891 males and 1,836 females belonging to 11 species: Brumptomyia avellari, Evandromyia aldafalcaoae, Ev. evandroi, Ev. lenti, Ev. sallesi, Ev. walkeri, Lu. longipalpis, Nyssomyia whitmani, Psathyromyia bigeniculata, Pa. hermanlenti and Pa. punctigeniculata. Lutzomyia longipalpis, the proven vector of Leishmania infantum, was captured each month, and was the most abundant species observed, accounting for more than 99% of sand flies captured in most sites, especially where chicken coops were present. Evidence of Leishmania infantum infection was detected in 0.40% of Lu. longipalpis tested. We developed a generalized mixed multilevel model for Lu. longipalpis, that includes within-year seasonality, location of capture (indoors vs. outdoors), vector abundance, and sex ratio. The VL vector was abundant both inside and outside houses. Large numbers of Lu. longipalpis were observed in outdoor sites where domestic animals were present but were absent from forest sites. Our findings suggest high vector populations and Le. infantum presence in a city where tourists could be exposed to visceral leishmaniasis, with significant implications for more surveillance and control activities.

Introduction: Orthognathic surgery involves the manipulation of facial bone architecture through osteotomies to restore form and function, correcting malocclusion, maxillomandibular disproportions, and facial asymmetries. Virtual planning in orthognathic surgery is carried out with the help of software that uses real measurements of the craniofacial skeleton and records of the patient’s occlusion through 3D analysis. Method: 18 patients with dentofacial deformities were evaluated, according to Angle’s classification, who underwent orthognathic surgery using virtual planning between 2018 and 2019. The inclusion criteria were patients between 16 and 60 years old with maxylo-mandibular disproportions in which orthodontic treatment alone was not sufficient. Exclusion criteria were the presence of cystic or tumoral lesions in the jaw and clinical comorbidities that contraindicated surgery. Virtual planning was carried out on all patients, using Dolphin® Imaging 11 software and surgical guides made with a 3D printer. Results: The intermediate surgical guide presented perfect adaptation on the occlusal surfaces, promoting great stability for the repositioning and fixation of the maxilla in intermediate occlusion. The 18 operated patients responded as “completely satisfied” in relation to the aesthetic-functional result in this series studied. A very great similarity was found between the position of the maxillofacial skeleton in the pre-operative virtual planning and that obtained post-operatively through the evaluation of teleradiography. Conclusion: Virtual planning in craniomaxillofacial surgery has numerous advantages, such as reduced pre-operative laboratory time, greater precision in the creation of surgical guides, and better reproducibility of simulated results.

Abstract Apex predators typically affect the distribution of key soil and vegetation nutrients through the heterogeneous deposition of prey carcasses and excreta, leading to a nutrient concentration in a hotspot. The exact role of central-place foragers, such as tropical raptors, in nutrient deposition and cycling, is not yet known. We investigated whether harpy eagles (Harpia harpyja) in Amazonian Forests—a typically low soil fertility ecosystem—affect soil nutrient profiles and the phytochemistry around their nest-trees through cumulative deposition of prey carcasses and excreta. Nest-trees occurred at densities of 1.5–5.0/100 km2, and each nest received ~ 102.3 kg of undressed carcasses each year. Effects of nests were surprisingly negative over local soil nutrient profiles, with soils underneath nest-trees showing reductions in nutrients compared with controls. Conversely, canopy tree leaves around nests showed significant 99%, 154% and 50% increases in nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, respectively. Harpy eagles have experienced a 41% decline in their range, and many raptor species are becoming locally extirpated. These are general examples of disruption in biogeochemical cycles and nutrient heterogeneity caused by population declines in a central-place apex predator. This form of carrion deposition is by no means an exception since several large raptors have similar habits.

This work presents a novel approach for tailoring molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) with a preliminary stage of atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP), for a more precise definition of the imprinted cavity. A well-defined copolymer of acrylamide and N,N′-methylenebisacrylamide (PAAm-co-PMBAm) was synthesized by ATRP and applied to gold electrodes with the template, followed by a crosslinking reaction. The template was removed from the polymer matrix by enzymatic/chemical action. The surface modifications were monitored via electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), having the MIP polymer as a non-conducting film designed with affinity sites for CA15-3. The resulting biosensor exhibited a linear response to CA15-3 log concentrations from 0.001 to 100 U/mL in PBS or in diluted fetal bovine serum (1000×) in PBS. Compared to the polyacrylamide (PAAm) MIP from conventional free-radical polymerization, the ATRP-based MIP extended the biosensor’s dynamic linear range 10-fold, improving low concentration detection, and enhanced the signal reproducibility across units. The biosensor demonstrated good sensitivity and selectivity. Overall, the work described confirmed that the process of radical polymerization to build an MIP material influences the detection capacity for the target substance and the reproducibility among different biosensor units. Extending this approach to other cancer biomarkers, the methodology presented could open doors to a new generation of MIP-based biosensors for point-of-care disease diagnosis.

The dental treatment of patients with oral cavity and oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OOPSCC) may be challenging for dentists. This study aimed to characterize systemic changes in patients with OOPSCC undergoing dental treatment prior to cancer therapy, with a specific focus on laboratory assessments. The primary objectives included identifying potential adverse events, such as infections or bleeding, resulting from dental procedures. Additionally, the study aimed to correlate baseline patient characteristics with treatment-related toxicities. This was a prospective cohort study that included 110 OOPSCC patients referred to the Dental Oncology Service at São Paulo State Cancer Institute, Brazil, between November/2019 and December/2020. Comorbidities, sociodemographic data, medication in use, cancer treatment-related toxicities, and altered laboratory tests results were correlated. The most common comorbidities and altered laboratory results were hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes, as well as elevated levels of C-reactive protein, hemoglobin, and hematocrit. Toxicities exhibited a progressive pattern over time, encompassing oral mucositis (OM), xerostomia, dysphagia, dysgeusia, trismus, and radiodermatitis. No correlation between comorbidities and cancer treatment-related toxicities, a positive correlation between medications in use and OM, and a negative correlation between medications and dysgeusia were found. OM was associated with altered thyroxine (T4) and free thyroxine (FT4), calcium, urea, creatinine, alkaline phosphatase, and syphilis. Family income and housing were OM predictors. Altered T4/FT4/urea/calcium/alkaline phosphatase/creatinine/syphilis may be useful clinical predictors of OM. Despite the elevated prevalence of comorbidities and abnormal laboratory findings, dental treatment prior to cancer treatment yielded no adverse events.

Introdução: A emergência global de Acinetobacter baumannii resistente a carbapenêmicos tornou-se um grande desafio para a saúde pública. Sua incidência em centros de saúde como agente infeccioso e/ou colonizador de ambiente está relacionada à sua capacidade de sobrevivência e formação de biofilme em superfícies hospitalares inertes e dispositivos médicos. O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever a disseminação clonal de A. baumannii coprodutor das carbapenemases NDM-1 e OXA-23 detectadas em amostras clínicas e ambientais isoladas em um hospital brasileiro. Métodos: A identificação bacteriana das amostras foi realizada por Espectrometria de Massa e a concentração inibitória mínima dos antimicrobianos foi determinada por sistema automatizado, exceto para polimixina B, o qual foi utilizado o método de microdiluição em caldo. A caracterização molecular dos genes codificadores das carbapenemases das classes A (blaKPC), B (blaNDM, blaIMP, blaVIM) e D (blaOXA-48, blaOXA-23, blaOXA-24/40, blaOXA-51 e blaOXA-58) de Ambler foi determinada por PCR, seguido por análise de sequenciamento de Sanger para os genes detectados. Para a investigação ambiental, após uma limpeza de rotina, foram coletados dez swabs de diferentes superfícies e equipamentos presentes em uma UTI adulto relacionada com a investigação. A relação de similaridade genética entre as cepas clínicas e ambientais foi caracterizada pela técnica da Eletroforese em Gel de Campo Pulsado (PFGE). Resultados: Seis cepas de A. baumannii isoladas de amostras clínicas (sangue, secreção traqueal, lavado bronco alveolar e ponta de cateter) e três cepas isoladas de amostras ambientais (teclado médico, grade da cama e cabo de eletrodo) apresentaram teste de triagem positivo para a presença de metalo-beta-lactamase. Em todas as cepas foi detectado alto nível de resistência a meropenem, amicacina, gentamicina e ciprofloxacina, exceto para polimixina B, o qual todas eram suscetíveis. As nove cepas de A. baumannii carreavam os genes blaNDM, blaOXA-23 e blaOXA-51, simultaneamente e apresentaram um padrão único de PFGE. Conclusão: Até onde sabemos, este é o primeiro relato brasileiro de um surto de A. baumannii coprodutoras das enzimas NDM-1 e OXA-23 comparando isolados clínicos e amostras ambientais. Esses achados sugerem que a vigilância clínica, epidemiológica e molecular de cepas multirresistentes podem ser necessárias não apenas nas amostras clínicas, mas também nas áreas críticas do ambiente hospitalar como um todo.

ABSTRACT Protozoa of the genus Cryptosporidium are parasites capable of causing animal rearing losses due to diarrhea outbreaks. This review aimed to determine the prevalence of and potential risk factors for bovine cryptosporidiosis in Brazil. The search was carried out in the databases Science Direct, Scopus, Web of Science, and SciELO. The search strategy used the descriptors “Cryptosporidium,” “cryptosporidiosis,” “cattle,” “calves,” and “Brazil.” Nine studies conducted in different Brazilian states between 2008 and 2019 were selected. The age of the evaluated animals ranged from 0 to >36 months. The main risk factors were the low age of the animals, collective pens, presence of diarrhea, contact with other animals, and dairy breed. The average prevalence rate was 30.51%. The species identified were C. ryanae, C. parvum, and C. bovis. Optical microscopy was used as a diagnostic method for oocysts in fecal samples and to determine the species, and PCR was used in three studies. The average prevalence of Cryptosporidium spp. in cattle in Brazil was 30.51%, ranging from 10.2 to 62.5%. The main risk factors found were young animals, the presence of animals with diarrhea, contact with other animals, dairy breeds, and collective pens.

A análise de discurso propõe o rompimento de ideias preconcebidas e analisa criticamente o discurso a fim de se afastar do senso-comum, especialmente quando se trata de analisar o discurso político. Essa teoria pode ser valiosa para identificar os mecanismos discursivos que escondem as relações de poder e subordinação entre interesses conflitantes no corpo social. Por isso, este trabalho visa fazer emergir, a partir dos dispositivos analíticos de interpretação discursiva, as discursividades no discurso amplamente veiculado ao longo do governo Bolsonaro, em que há a enunciação da frase “menos direito e mais emprego” retirada da materialidade discursiva de textos jornalísticos. A partir da análise, verificou-se a existência da formação ideológica neoliberal materializada nos discursos analisados, em que as discursividades sobre as relações de trabalho, oculta as relações de dominação/subordinação, naturalizando as relações de poder vigentes e preservando a engenharia social a serviço da produção e reprodução da desigualdade social.

Birds may alter song structure in response to territorial challenges to convey information about aggressive intent or fighting ability. Professional and amateur ornithologists upload daily many birdsong recordings into acoustic data repositories, usually scoring whether songs were recorded in response to a conspecific playback or produced spontaneously. We analyzed recordings from these repositories to evaluate if song traits of Rufous-browed Peppershrikes (Cyclarhis gujanensis) vary between playback-elicited songs and spontaneous songs. For each recording after playback, we chose one spatially closer spontaneous recording to avoid geographic bias. Birds recorded after playback produced slightly longer songs than birds that were singing spontaneously. This result was accounted for by increases in the amount of sound and silence within a song after the playback instead of changes in the mean number or duration of elements. Playback did not alter song frequency parameters (bandwidth, minimum, mean, and maximum frequencies) or song rate. These results indicate that song duration might mediate aggressive interactions in Rufous-browed Peppershrikes. Even considering limitations such as unknown playback stimulus identity and possible pseudoreplication, acoustic data repositories give a unique yet unexplored opportunity to gather insights into the evolution of song flexibility during aggressive encounters.

Resumo: No presente trabalho há um estudo conciso em Ciências do Léxico, em que é definido o conceito de léxico segundo a lexicóloga Maria Tereza Biderman e como se dá a dicionarização do léxico de acordo com a linguista Maria da Graça Krieger. Posteriormente, aborda-se uma breve história da produção lexicográfica e, logo após, os pressupostos da Lexicografia Pedagógica com o suporte do Programa Nacional do Livro Didático - Dicionários (2012) e da Base Nacional Comum Curricular (2017). Tal movimento tem o intuito de mostrar que, para além das contribuições no que tange à expansão do conhecimento vocabular e linguístico, os dicionários escolares também colaboram para a formação cidadã dos estudantes. Logo, os professores devem fazer uso desse instrumento levando em consideração as múltiplas possibilidades de ensino e aprendizagem que a materialidade discursiva das obras lexicográficas escolares proporciona, e que auxilia na formação e representação do aluno enquanto cidadão. Palavras-chaves: discurso; ensino; léxico; lexicografia. Abstract: In the present work there is a concise study in Lexicon Sciences, in which the concept of lexicon is defined according to the lexicologist Maria Tereza Biderman and how the lexicon is dictionarized according to the linguist Maria da Graça Krieger. Subsequently, a brief history of lexicographical production is approached and, soon after, the assumptions of Pedagogical Lexicography with the support of the National Textbook Program - Dictionaries (2012) and the National Common Curricular Base (2017). This movement aims to show that, in addition to the contributions regarding the expansion of vocabulary and linguistic knowledge, school dictionaries also collaborate for the citizenship education of students. Therefore, teachers must make use of this instrument, taking into account the multiple possibilities of teaching and learning that the discursive materiality of school lexicographical works provides, and which helps in the formation and representation of the student as a citizen. Keywords: discourse; lexicography; lexicon; teaching.