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Este artigo tem o objetivo de apresentar determinados aspectos da troca missivista entre Alceu Amoroso Lima (o Tristão de Athayde) e Mário de Andrade, com particular atenção à problemática envolvendo a questão religiosa, o Catolicismo e a prática da fé, assuntos estes muito debatidos neste epistolário. Neste afã, será utilizada a pesquisa por mim feita e organizada que resultará na publicação futura desta correspondência recíproca pelo Instituto de Estudos Brasileiros (IEB-USP), na Coleção Correspondência Mário de Andrade. Também serão discutido alguns aspectos próprios e relativos do Gênero Epistolar, como sua natureza complexa e amorfa e sua importância, cada vez mais declarada, aos Estudos Literários, particularmente em relação ao nosso processo modernista

In recent years, novel strategies to combat (multi-) drug-resistant microorganisms have been investigated. Essential oils (EOs) with bactericidal, bacteriostatic, and fungicidal activity have been used to treat infections and in food sanitation. This study aimed to determine the antimicrobial and modulating activity of Cinnamomum cassia (cinnamon) and Eugenia caryophyllus (clove) essential oils against microorganisms isolated from goat milk processing plants in northeastern Brazil, and their synergistic effect when combined with antimicrobial agents. The microdilution technique was used to obtain the minimum inhibitory (MIC) and bactericidal concentrations (MBC) and the antibiotics studied were ampicillin, amoxicillin/clavulanic acid, cephalothin, ceftazidime, chloramphenicol, gentamicin, meropenem, norfloxacin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, and tetracycline. Klebsiella pneumoniae (MIC50) and Escherichia coli (MIC90) were sensitive to cinnamon EO. Clove EO did not inhibit the growth of either microorganism. In regard to MBC, cinnamon EO had a bactericidal effect against six K. pneumoniae and six E. coli samples. For the antibiotics evaluated, a greater synergistic effect was observed for cinnamon EO associated with gentamicin and meropenem, and antagonistic effect with ampicillin, sulfamethoxazole/trimethoprim, and tetracycline. As such, EOs may be an alternative for the control of pathogenic microorganisms.

As estratégias preventivas e terapêuticas relacionadas à Violência Sexual (VS) contra crianças e adolescentes têm tido foco predominante na população feminina. A VS contra meninos é pouco abordada e iniciativas nessa temática precisam ser desenvolvidas com objetivo de contribuir para maior identificação e notificação dos casos, assim como desenvolvimento de intervenções psicossociais mais efetivas. Diante disso, o objetivo deste artigo é o de relatar o processo de produção e utilização de um documentário sobre VS contra meninos como estratégia de intervenção psicoterapêutica para estes casos. O embasamento científico como norteador para o conteúdo abordado, bem como a importância da consulta a matérias audiovisuais já produzidos sobre VS foram aspectos importantes no processo de produção do documentário. O emprego do documentário com três meninos em tratamento psicológico indicou sua adequação, facilitando o processo de revelação, no contexto psicoterapêutico, das situações de VS sofridas por eles

Purpose: This paper aims to deal with the skills for sustainable development in engineering courses. The main objective is to identify which competences should be developed in these courses to contribute to the resolution of conflicts related to sustainability, as well as the means used by universities for their development. Design/methodology/approach: The research is divided into two strands--a theoretical and an empirical one. Concerning the theoretical part, the webibliomining method was adopted, to select the articles that were relevant to the theme, and 22 works were selected. Regarding the empirical study, structured questionnaires were applied to 30 specialists in the field, aiming at validating the competencies found in the literature. Findings: In the literature, eight main competencies required to the engineering professional, related to sustainability, were found. The empirical study showed that some competences are considered more relevant than others by the interviewees. Practical implications: The competencies verified in the present study and the relative relevance between them found in the empirical study can contribute to the engineering courses that wish to develop the sustainable behavior of the engineers in their professional or daily life. Originality/value: The originality of the work consists in presenting to engineering students and teachers as well as professionals of the market and the government the competencies that can contribute to the formation of an engineer capable of bringing adequate solutions to the conflicts of sustainability in the twenty-first century. This paper also presents learning teaching methodologies indicated for this purpose. No other works were found with these results.

This study investigates how grapevines (Vitis vinifera L.) respond to shading induced by artificial nets, focusing on physiological and metabolic changes. Through a multidisciplinary approach, grapevines' adaptations to shading are presented via biochemical analyses and hyperspectral data that are then combined with systems biology techniques. In the study, conducted in a 'Moscatel Galego Branco' vineyard in Portugal's Douro Wine Region during post-veraison, shading was applied and predawn leaf water potential ( Ψ p d ) was then measured to assess water stress. Biochemical analyses and hyperspectral data were integrated to explore adaptations to shading, revealing higher chlorophyll levels (chlorophyll a-b 117.39% higher) and increased Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) levels in unshaded vines (52.10% higher). Using a self-learning artificial intelligence algorithm (SL-AI), simulations highlighted ROS's role in stress response and accurately predicted chlorophyll a (R2: 0.92, MAPE: 24.39%), chlorophyll b (R2: 0.96, MAPE: 17.61%), and ROS levels (R2: 0.76, MAPE: 52.17%). In silico simulations employing flux balance analysis (FBA) elucidated distinct metabolic phenotypes between shaded and unshaded vines across cellular compartments. Integrating these findings provides a systems biology approach for understanding grapevine responses to environmental stressors. The leveraging of advanced omics technologies and precise metabolic models holds immense potential for untangling grapevine metabolism and optimizing viticultural practices for enhanced productivity and quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study assessed the acaricidal properties of 20 compounds derived from essential oils against the Rhipicephalus microplus tick, a significant menace to tropical livestock with considerable economic losses. A novel methodology was devised, involving the determination of mortality times for R. microplus larvae upon direct contact with these compounds. Mortality times were compared against a negative control (soybean oil) and two positive controls (commercial pour-on products). Tests were conducted in 48-well polyethylene plates, with around 100 larvae immersed in 200 µl of oil (at a 100% dose). The 10 compounds exhibiting the shortest mortality times were subsequently diluted in soybean oil at varying concentrations. Notably, thymol exhibited potent acaricidal activity, with the lowest effective dose (1.56%) resulting in larval mortality within 15 minutes, whereas positive controls necessitated over 66 minutes. A correlation was established between the molecular structure of the compounds and their acaricidal efficacy, indicating that cyclic compounds containing 10 carbon atoms demonstrated heightened lethality compared to acyclic counterparts. This innovative methodology enables the rapid identification of substances with substantial acaricidal potential in vitro, yielding results within minutes, in stark contrast to the traditional larval immersion test, which demands a minimum of 24 hours for conclusive outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this work was to develop a new edible coating based on the ethanolic residue of the Ziziphus joazeiro fruit pulp (POLIJUA) and evaluate its application in the Coalho cheese, a fresh cheese type. Films were developed using different concentrations of glycerol and the best formulation was applied on cheeses to evaluate their physical-chemical and microbiological characteristics during 21 days of storage. The POLIJUA coating significantly decreased (p

Plant-soil sensing devices coupled with Artificial Intelligence autonomously collect and process in situ plant phenotypic data. A challenge of this approach is the limited incorporation of phenotype data into decision support systems designed to harness agricultural practices and forecast plant behavior within the intricate context of genotype, environment, and management interactions (G × E × M). To enhance the role of digital phenotyping in supporting Precision Agriculture, this paper proposes a sensing network based on the Internet of Things. The developed system comprises three modules: data collection, communication, and a cloud server. Several processes co-occur in the server, namely data visualization to confirm the correct sensors and data stream functioning. In addition, a crop growth model (CGM) runs on the server, which is powered by the collected data. The simulations generated by the model will support agricultural decisions, obtaining, in advance, insights about plant behavior considering several G × E × M scenarios. To assess the performance of the proposed network to provide reliable data to the model, a greenhouse was equipped with several sensors that collect plant, environment, and soil data (e.g., leaf numbers, air temperature, soil moisture). The proposed network can provide real-time causal support for advanced agricultural practices, evolving from a data-driven approach to an integrative framework where context (G × E × M) drives decision making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Predawn leaf water potential (Ψpd) is the main parameter to determine plant water status, and it has been broadly used to support irrigation management. However, the Scholander pressure chamber methodology is laborious, time-consuming and invasive. This study examined a low-cost hyperspectral proximal sensor to estimate the Ψpd in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.). For this, both the Ψpd and spectral reflectance (340–850 nm) were accessed in grapevines in a commercial vineyard located in the Douro Wine Region, northeast Portugal. A machine-learning algorithm was tested and validated to assess grapevine's water status. The experiment was performed in a randomized design with 12 grapevines (cv. Touriga Nacional) per irrigation treatment: non-irrigated, 30% crop evapotranspiration (Etc), and 60% Etc. The dataset was analyzed using Principal Component Analysis (PCA), and the machine-learning regression algorithm applied was Extreme Gradient Boosting (Xgboost). Results from the validation dataset (n = 108) for the Xgboost tested exhibited a root mean square error (RMSE) of 0.23 MPa, a mean absolute error (MAPE) of 16.57% and an R² value of 0.95. These results demonstrate that the hyperspectral sensor and Xgboost algorithm show potential for predicting the Ψpd in vineyards, regardless of a plant's water status. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sustainable and efficient agricultural production is a growing priority in modern society. Viticulture, an important agricultural and food sector, also faces this challenge. Precision Viticulture (PV) has gained prominence as it aims to foster high-quality, efficient, and environmentally sustainable practices. The Soluble Solids Content (SSC) is essential for assessing grape ripeness and quality in the winemaking process. Conventional methods for determining SSC values (expressed in °Brix) are invasive, expensive, and labour-intensive, necessitating sample preparation, making large-scale analysis impractical. In response to these limitations, this study presents an innovative approach within the field of Precision Viticulture. It focuses on the non-invasive prediction of SSC using low-cost proximal hyperspectral optical sensors. These sensors rely on spectral reflectance measurements in the range of 340–850 nm. This study was conducted in a commercial vineyard in the Demarcated Douro Region, Cima-Corgo sub-region, Portugal, over six weeks during ripening. In total, 169 grape berries from Touriga Nacional vines were analysed under three irrigation regimes (no irrigation, 30% ETc, and 60% ETc). After organising and preprocessing the data, machine learning algorithms, namely Partial Least Squares Regression (PLS), Random Forest (RF), and the Generalised Linear Model (GLM), were applied to predict SSC values. These models' performance was thoroughly evaluated using cross-validation techniques. The performance of different models was evaluated, showing significant differences according to the metrics used (R2, RMSE, and MAPE). The RF model demonstrated effectiveness and precision. A high R² value of 0.9312, coupled with low RMSE (0.9199 °Brix) and MAPE (3.88%), signifies a strong fit to the data and accurate predictive capabilities. The results of this benchmarking study on predictive models of SSC provide valuable insights into the performance of various models, aiding winegrowers and winemakers in decision making. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]