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Abstract The first outbreaks of coronavirus CoV, SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV have occurred in China and Saudi Arabia over the past decade, respectively. From the end of 2019, a great battle began by the world scientific community against SARS-CoV-2, the virus that caused COVID-19, a pathology that generated devastating consequences on all existing continents. Several mutations have already been detected in the structure of the virus, which have been responsible for the generation of many types of variants since the detection of the first COVID-19 virus identified in China. The worrisome mutations arising from the first genome of SARS-CoV-2 have been intensively studied. Some mutations increase the transmissibility of the disease through Spike, the protein responsible for binding the virus in the human cell. Among the numerous strains, the most discussed are called by the WHO as “variants of concern”. This study aims to review if COVID-19 severity may be variant dependent. Our study found tree publications that associate severity of COVI-19 symptoms to different SARS-CoV-2 variants. The most part of publications do not establish which variant is being expressed during studies. More studies with this focus are needed for a better understanding of the disease and respective variants.

Abstract Acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) is a highly heterogeneous malignancy, with a poor 5-year overall survival rate of approximately 30%. Consequently, the search for novel therapeutic strategies is ongoing, and the identification of new vulnerabilities could accelerate progress. Oxidative stress and metabolic rewiring are established hallmarks of cancer, and recent evidence suggests that NADPH oxidases may regulate metabolism, potentially linking these two processes. Increasing research highlights the importance of NOX2 in AML, particularly its role in metabolic regulation. In this study, we investigated the effects of simultaneously inhibiting NOX2 and glycolysis in AML cells. Dual inhibition of NOX2 and glycolysis—by targeting hexokinase or lactate dehydrogenase (LDH)—significantly reduced cell proliferation, markedly impaired clonogenic potential, and induced extensive cell death in a broad panel of AML cell lines. Importantly, these findings were further validated in primary bone marrow samples derived from AML patients, where combined inhibition triggered similar potent anti-leukemic effects. Furthermore, the combined inhibition of NOX2 and LDH enhanced the efficacy of cytarabine (AraC), suggesting this approach could boost the effectiveness of conventional therapies. In an in vivo AML model, targeting NOX2 and LDH in myeloid progenitor cells delayed the onset of leukaemia and extended survival. In conclusion, our findings propose a novel therapeutic strategy for AML through the dual targeting of NOX2 and glycolysis.

ABSTRACT Purpose: To assess the impact of thinness on the outcome of the percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL). Materials and Methods: A matched case–control study was performed using a prospectively collected database of all patients who underwent PCNL between June 2011 and October 2021. The patients were stratified into two groups according to their phenotypic characteristics, arbitrarily defined according to their body mass index (BMI):

Here we describe and illustrate Pleroma canastrense sp. nov and Pleroma viscosa sp. nov. two new species of the Melastomateae tribe from Serra da Canastra National Park, Minas Gerais, Brazil. We also provide an updated identification key for the members of the tribe that occur in this Protected Area. Pleroma canastrense sp. nov. has coriaceous leaves, broadly ovate to orbicular leaf blade, entire and adpressed-strigose margin, 11–17 basal acrodromous veins, and flowers with white petals. Pleroma viscosa sp. nov. has the younger branches, both side of the leaf blade, bracteoles, hypanthium, and sepals, densely covered by viscous trichomes, as well as prominent secondary veins on the abaxial surface of the blade. Both species have stamens with a short pedoconnective and an inconspicuous ventral appendage. In addition to the descriptions of new species, we present comments, geographic distribution data, conservation status and images of plants in the field. We recommend that P. canastrense and P. viscosa should be included as of ‘Least Concern’ (LC) in the IUCN Red List.

Abstract Pituitary neuroendocrine tumors (PitNET) represent the vast majority of sellar masses. Some behave aggressively, growing rapidly and invading surrounding tissues, with high rates of recurrence and resistance to therapy. Our aim was to establish patterns of genomic, transcriptomic and methylomic evolution throughout time in primary and recurrent tumors from the same patient. Therefore, we performed transcriptome- and exome-sequencing and methylome microarrays of aggressive, primary, and recurrent PitNET from the same patient. Primary and recurrent tumors showed a similar exome profile, potentially indicating a stable genome over time. In contrast, the transcriptome of primary and recurrent PitNET was dissimilar. Gonadotroph, silent corticotroph, as well as metastatic corticotroph and a somatotroph PitNET expressed genes related to fatty acid biosynthesis and metabolism, phosphatidylinositol signaling, glycerophospholipid and phospholipase D signaling, respectively. Diacylglycerol kinase gamma (DGKG), a key enzyme in glycerophospholipid metabolism and phosphatidylinositol signaling pathways, was differentially expressed between primary and recurrent PitNET. These alterations did not seem to be regulated by DNA methylation, but rather by several transcription factors. Molecular docking showed that dasatinib, a small molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor used in the treatment of chronic lymphocytic and acute lymphoblastic leukemia, could target DGKG. Dasatinib induced apoptosis and decreased proliferation in GH3 cells. Our data indicate that pituitary tumorigenesis could be driven by transcriptomically heterogeneous clones, and we describe alternative pharmacological therapies for aggressive and recurrent PitNET.

In this work emphasis was given to determine the evolution of the retained austenite phase fraction via X-ray diffractometry technique in the as-hardened AISI 440C martensitic stainless steel surface subjected to cavitation for increasing test times. Scanning electron microscopy results confirmed the preferential carbide phase removal along the prior/parent austenite grain boundaries for the first cavitation test times on the polished sample surface during the incubation period. Results suggest that the strain-induced martensitic transformation of the retained austenite would be assisted by the elastic deformation and intermittent relaxation action of the harder martensitic matrix on the austenite crystals through the interfaces between both phases. In addition, an estimation of the stacking fault energy value on the order of 15 mJ m−2 for the retained austenite phase made it possible to infer that mechanical twinning and strain-induced martensite formation mechanisms could be effectively presented in the studied case. Finally, incubation period, maximum erosion rate, and erosion resistance on the order of 7.0 h, 0.30 mg h−1, and 4.8 h μm−1, respectively, were determined for the as-hardened AISI 440C MSS samples investigated here.

Abstract Bovine leukemia virus (BLV) is the etiological agent of enzootic bovine leukosis and causes a persistent infection that can leave cattle with no symptoms. Many countries have been able to successfully eradicate BLV through improved detection and management methods. However, with the increasing novel molecular detection methods there have been few efforts to standardize these results at global scale. This study aimed to determine the interlaboratory accuracy and agreement of 11 molecular tests in detecting BLV. Each qPCR/ddPCR method varied by target gene, primer design, DNA input and chemistries. DNA samples were extracted from blood of BLV-seropositive cattle and lyophilized to grant a better preservation during shipping to all participants around the globe. Twenty nine out of 44 samples were correctly identified by the 11 labs and all methods exhibited a diagnostic sensitivity between 74 and 100%. Agreement amongst different assays was linked to BLV copy numbers present in samples and the characteristics of each assay (i.e., BLV target sequence). Finally, the mean correlation value for all assays was within the range of strong correlation. This study highlights the importance of continuous need for standardization and harmonization amongst assays and the different participants. The results underscore the need of an international calibrator to estimate the efficiency (standard curve) of the different assays and improve quantitation accuracy. Additionally, this will inform future participants about the variability associated with emerging chemistries, methods, and technologies used to study BLV. Altogether, by improving tests performance worldwide it will positively aid in the eradication efforts.

Abstract Background Patients with immune-mediated rheumatic diseases (IMRDs) have been prioritized for COVID-19 vaccination to mitigate the infection severity risks. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are at a high risk of severe COVID-19 outcomes, especially those under immunosuppression or with associated comorbidities. However, few studies have assessed the safety of the COVID-19 vaccine in patients with RA. Objective To evaluate the safety of vaccines against SARS-CoV-2 in patients with RA. Methods This data are from the study “Safety and Efficacy on COVID-19 Vaccine in Rheumatic Diseases,” a Brazilian multicentric prospective phase IV study to evaluate COVID-19 vaccine in IMRDs in Brazil. Adverse events (AEs) in patients with RA of all centers were assessed after two doses of ChAdOx1 (Oxford/AstraZeneca) or CoronaVac (Sinovac/Butantan). Stratification of postvaccination AEs was performed using a diary, filled out daily and returned at the end of 28 days for each dose. Results A total of 188 patients with RA were include, 90% female. CoronaVac was used in 109 patients and ChAdOx1 in 79. Only mild AEs were observed, mainly after the first dose. The most common AEs after the first dose were pain at the injection (46,7%), headache (39,4%), arthralgia (39,4%), myalgia (30,5%) and fatigue (26,6%), and ChAdOx1 had a higher frequency of pain at the injection (66% vs 32 %, p

Entre Ríos presenta un paisaje particular con numerosos ambientes contrastantes. Cartografiar tanto los naturales y como los antrópicos es una tarea frecuente gracias a la utilización de tecnologías de percepción remota junto con los sistemas de información geográfica. Conocer qué, cuánto y dónde se encuentran es indispensable para diseñar estrategias de uso sostenible y de conservación de recursos naturales en un territorio. La libre accesibilidad de los datos y la capacidad de procesamiento en la nube de toda esta información es determinante para procesar y clasificar la vegetación de un área determinada. El objetivo fue confeccionar un mapa actualizado y rápidamente actualizable en el futuro con el mismo método de los ambientes naturales y antrópicos más representativos de la provincia de Entre Ríos conociendo cuál es la mejor época del año en la cual se maximiza el porcentaje de acierto de clasificación de algoritmos automáticos de cada ambiente. Utilizar algoritmos automáticos de aprendizajes de clasificación fue útil para conocer la extensión de los ecosistemas naturales y antrópicos en un amplio territorio. Las herramientas de Google Earth Engine permitieron seleccionar la época del año en la cual se maximiza el porcentaje de acierto y disminuye la probabilidad de error con bajo costo computacional y operacional. Los resultados obtenidos son indispensables para planificar políticas públicas de forma precisa y certera para las actividades productivas, como así también para la conservación de los recursos naturales.

Objetivo: Analisar o desempenho dos municípios brasileiros nas dimensões do Ranking da Qualidade da Informação Contábil e Fiscal no Siconfi (Ranking) e avaliar a percepção dos profissionais contábeis sobre o tema. Metodologia: Para analisar o desempenho dos municípios nas dimensões do Ranking, foi efetuada coleta de dados no sítio da Secretaria do Tesouro Nacional (https://www.tesourotransparente.gov.br/visualizacao/Ranking-da-qualidade-da-informacao-contabil-e-fiscal-estadual) relativos aos exercícios de 2020 a 2023. Para avaliar a percepção dos profissionais contábeis municipais sobre o tema, foi aplicado questionário estruturado com quatro perguntas, elaboradas com o objetivo de capturar a percepção desses profissionais sobre a existência do Ranking, o conhecimento deles quanto aos dados relativos aos municípios em que trabalhavam e eventuais medidas tomadas pelo município para melhorar a nota atribuída pela STN. Os Municípios foram contatados pela equipe de Call Center da Confederação Nacional de Municípios, devidamente instruída pela equipe de pesquisa. Resultados: A pesquisa mostra que a Dimensão IV (que compara a Declaração de Contas Anuais, Matriz de Saldos Contábeis e relatórios da Lei de Responsabilidade Fiscal) apresentou o menor percentual de acertos no triênio, revelando problemas na consistência dos dados quando as informações entre relatórios diferentes são comparadas. Com a realização do questionário foi colhido como achado que 40% dos respondentes desconheciam o Ranking e mesmo entre os que não o conhecia 46% não realizaram ações para melhorar a colocação do município no Ranking, revelando o desinteresse dos profissionais ou dos gestores municipais sobre a sua importância no contexto de indicadores da qualidade da informação contábil. Contribuições do Estudo: Este artigo indica a necessidade de ampliar as pesquisas empíricas sobre a qualidade dos dados contábeis municipais, buscando aperfeiçoar as questões apresentadas no questionário realizado, incluindo, por exemplo, itens que avaliam a melhoria no sistema contábil.

Abstract Excess sugar is considered one of the primary factors contributing to overweight status. In Brazil, sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) contain a significant amount of this nutrient and are consumed excessively. These beverages are associated with adverse health outcomes and impose costs on the healthcare system. The literature currently lacks studies that aim to attribute specific nutrients or foods as causes of diseases and also evaluate their economic impact, especially in middle- and low-income countries. This study aims to estimate the direct and indirect costs of obesity, stratified by sex and age group, resulting from the excessive consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages in Brazil from 2008 to 2020, and to project these costs for the year 2036. The estimation of obesity costs attributable to excessive consumption of SSBs was based on relative risks and the population prevalence of obesity, considering expenditures on hospitalizations and outpatient procedures in the Unified Health System (SUS). Cost information was obtained from the health information systems available at SUS. The highest burden attributable to the consumption of SSBs was observed among younger individuals and progressively decreased with advancing age. The total direct costs in the period between 2008 and 2020 amounted to approximately US$ 6.33 million, 87% of which was related to expenses for females. Additionally, deaths resulting from the consumption of SSBs cost the economy US$ 40 million due to the premature loss of productivity. The total costs of obesity attributable to the consumption of SSBs are substantial, impacting public spending and generating social and productivity losses that burden the economy. It is crucial to develop and implement cost-effective fiscal and regulatory policies aimed at preventing and combating obesity.

No intuito de buscar produtos alternativos na indução da brotação da videira, o presente trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o efeito de indutores de brotação na videira ‘Bordô’ cultivada na região do Planalto Norte Catarinense. O experimento foi conduzido durante a safra 2020/2021, em vinhedo situado no município de Canoinhas, SC. Os tratamentos consistiram na pulverização dos seguintes indutores de brotação: Testemunha (aplicação de água), Nitrato de Cálcio (6% i.a), Bluprins® (7% p.c) + Nitrato de Cálcio (6% i.a), Bluprins® (7% p.c.), Extrato de Alho (5% i.a) e Dormex® (3,5% p.c). Foram avaliadas brotação, variáveis produtivas, arquitetura de cachos e maturação tecnológica. As variáveis foram submetidas à análise de variância (ANOVA) e as com efeito significativo de tratamento, procedeu-se o teste a comparação de médias pelo Teste Tukey a 5% de probabilidade de erro. A aplicação de indutores de brotação na videira ‘Bordô’ resultam aumento do percentual de brotação, aumento da produção e produtividade, além de resultar em aumento da massa de cachos e número de bagas cacho-1. No entanto, em função do aumento da produção planta-1, a maturação foi mais tardia em plantas submetidas a aplicação de indutores de brotação. Conclui-se que a videira ‘Bordô’ cultivada no Planalto Norte Catarinense deve-se realizar a indução de brotação, recomendando-se a aplicação de Dormex® (3,5%) e Extrato de Alho (5%).

The application of microorganisms as bio-control agents against arthropod populations is a need in many countries, especially in tropical, subtropical, and neotropical endemic areas. Several arthropod species became agricultural pests of paramount economic significance, and many methods have been developed for field and urban applications to prevent their, the most common being the application of chemical insecticides. However, the indiscriminate treatment based upon those substances acted as a selective pressure for upcoming resistant phenotype populations. As alternative tools, microorganisms have been prospected as complementary tools for pest and vectorial control, once they act in a more specific pattern against target organisms than chemicals. They are considered environmentally friendly since they have considerably less off-target effects. Entomopathogenic fungi are organisms capable of exerting pathogenesis in many vector species, thus becoming potential tools for biological management. The entomopathogenic fungi Metarhizium sp. have been investigated as a microbiological agent for the control of populations of insects in tropical regions. However, the development of entomopathogenic fungi as control tools depends on physiological studies regarding aspects such as mechanisms of pathogenicity, secreted enzymes, viability, and host-pathogen aspects. The following review briefly narrates current aspects of entomopathogenic fungi, such as physiology, cellular characteristics, host-pathogen interactions, and its previous applications against different insect orders with medical and economic importance. Approaches integrating new isolation, prospection, characterization, delivery strategies, formulations, and molecular and genetic tools will be decisive to elucidate the molecular mechanisms of EPFs and to develop more sustainable alternative pesticides.

Imitation learning (IL) facilitates intuitive robotic programming. However, ensuring the reliability of learned behaviors remains a challenge. In the context of reaching motions, a robot should consistently reach its goal, regardless of its initial conditions. To meet this requirement, IL methods often employ specialized function approximators that guarantee this property by construction. Although effective, these approaches come with some limitations: 1) they are typically restricted in the range of motions they can model, resulting in suboptimal IL capabilities, and 2) they require explicit extensions to account for the geometry of motions that consider orientations. To address these challenges, we introduce a novel stability loss function that does not constrain the function approximator's architecture and enables learning policies that yield accurate results. Furthermore, it is not restricted to a specific state space geometry; therefore, it can easily incorporate the geometry of the robot's state space. Proof of the stability properties induced by this loss is provided and the method is empirically validated in various settings. These settings include Euclidean and non‐Euclidean state spaces, as well as first‐order and second‐order motions, both in simulation and with real robots. More details about the experimental results can be found at https://youtu.be/ZWKLGntCI6w.

Introdução: Nos últimos anos, os jogos de azar se tornaram comuns no mundo dos esportes, facilitando o acesso às apostas esportivas e gerando desafios sociais. A expansão de sites de apostas online aumentou significativamente o número de usuários, resultando em prejuízos socioeconômicos. Porém, a literatura sobre este fenômeno ainda é limitada. Objetivo: Revisar o impacto do crescimento dos sites de apostas online e o surgimento de novas adições. Metodologia: Realizou-se uma revisão narrativa de notícias e publicações sobre apostas esportivas online, utilizando Google Scholar, SciElo, LILACS e MEDLINE entre novembro e dezembro de 2023. As palavras-chave usadas foram “Sports Betting”, “Gambling disorder”, “Sports” e “Addictive Behaviours”. Foram incluídos 14 artigos, abrangendo estudos transversais observacionais, qualitativos, revisões sistemáticas, uma pesquisa empírica, um estudo populacional e um longitudinal. Também foram analisados 5 estudos de entidades autônomas. Resultados: A revisão revelou uma significativa expansão das apostas esportivas online, impulsionada pela maior acessibilidade e estímulos das plataformas. Apesar dos avanços no diagnóstico, a definição precisa de distúrbios relacionados a apostas esportivas ainda é insuficiente. Discussão: A expansão das apostas esportivas online reflete um avanço tecnológico sem regulamentação adequada. A falta de critérios diagnósticos claros pode levar a uma subestimação do problema. Não foram encontrados dados confiáveis sobre os prejuízos causados aos usuários. Conclusão: O número de usuários de sites de apostas esportivas online está crescendo, impulsionado por estratégias das plataformas. Há uma necessidade urgente de mais estudos para avaliar melhor o impacto global desta atividade.

Abstract Candida albicans is the primary species causing oral candidiasis. Its increasing drug resistance drives the search for more effective antifungal agents. Therefore, we assessed toxicological parameters and the antimicrobial activity and mechanisms of action of the monoterpene (-)-fenchone against oral C. albicans. We conducted an in silico study using PASS online and AdmetSAR, followed by evaluation of antifungal activity through Minimum Inhibitory Concentration (MIC), Minimum Fungicidal Concentration (MFC), association study with miconazole, and assays with sorbitol and ergosterol. Inhibition of biofilm formation and disruption of preformed biofilm were considered. Toxicity was also assessed through hemolysis assay. The in silico study revealed a higher likelihood of the compound being active for antifungal activity, as well as promising pharmacokinetic and toxicity characteristics. Subsequently, (-)-fenchone exhibited predominantly fungicidal activity (MIC90 = 8 μg/mL; MFC = 16 μg/mL), including against miconazole-resistant C. albicans isolates. The substance does not appear to act by damaging the fungal cell wall or plasma membrane, and exhibited synergy with miconazole. There was activity in inhibiting biofilm formation but not in disrupting preformed biofilm. Finally, the product exerted low hemolytic activity at more than MIC×10. Based on these results, (-)-fenchone may represent a promising therapeutic alternative for oral candidiasis.

Introdução: As infecções em indivíduos imunocompetentes podem, por vezes, apresentar sintomas atípicos e confundir-se com outras condições clínicas, incluindo doenças linfoproliferativas. Este relato de caso ilustra a importância de considerar a possibilidade de uma neoplasia em pacientes com sintomas persistentes e investigação inicial negativa. Objetivo: Relatar um caso clínico que destaca a complexidade diagnóstica em pacientes imunocompetentes com sintomas persistentes, enfatizando a necessidade de uma abordagem abrangente para identificar neoplasias ocultas. Método: Metodologia de relato de caso. Resultados: Paciente do sexo feminino, 73 anos, previamente hígida, apresentou há dois meses um quadro de edema no membro inferior direito, acompanhado de dor e perda de peso. Após a exclusão de trombose venosa profunda e a normalidade dos exames de tomografia de tórax e abdome, além de exames laboratoriais, foi inicialmente tratada empiricamente com antibióticos para miosite, com alívio temporário dos sintomas. No entanto, após a suspensão do tratamento, a paciente voltou a apresentar dor e edema. A investigação prosseguiu com a solicitação de uma biópsia da lesão na coxa, que revelou uma proliferação fusocelular e de células grandes em tecido fibroadiposo e muscular, levantando a suspeita de uma doença linfoproliferativa. Durante o exame físico, foi notado um nódulo umbilical, conhecido como nódulo de Sister Mary Joseph, que é um sinal de metástase. A biópsia dessa lesão confirmou a infiltração por um adenocarcinoma, que posteriormente foi diagnosticado como um carcinoma gástrico pouco coeso através de biópsia em lesão na região do antro, realizada por endoscopia digestiva alta. Conclusão: Este caso ressalta a importância de considerar a possibilidade de uma neoplasia em pacientes com sintomas persistentes, mesmo em indivíduos imunocompetentes. As infecções podem mimetizar outras condições clínicas, incluindo doenças linfoproliferativas, o que pode levar a atrasos no diagnóstico e tratamento adequado. Uma abordagem completa, com avaliação clínica criteriosa, exames complementares e biópsias, é fundamental para identificar corretamente a causa dos sintomas e fornecer o tratamento apropriado.

Introdução: A pielonefrite enfisematosa é uma forma grave e rara de infecção do trato urinário (ITU), caracterizada pela presença de gás dentro dos tecidos renais. Fatores de risco como diabetes e uso de imunossupressores aumentam o risco para a patologia e desfechos desfavoráveis, com alto potencial de disseminação sistêmica e choque séptico. Objetivo: Relatar um caso clínico de pielonefrite enfisematosa em paciente imunossuprimida, destacando a complexidade diagnóstica e a importância de uma abordagem multidisciplinar para o manejo eficaz. Método: Metodologia de relato de caso. Resultados: Paciente do sexo feminino, 74 anos, com histórico de doença renal crônica, hipertensão, diabetes e artrite reumatoide, em uso de metotrexato e hidroxicloroquina. Procurou atendimento por piora do nível de consciência, sonolência e confusão, sendo regulada por suspeita de acidente vascular encefálico. Após admissão, familiares relataram dor abdominal em flanco direito com piora há quatro dias. Com suspeita de sepse de foco urinário e rápida piora clínica, foi realizada tomografia de abdome, que mostrou presença de gases na região da loja renal direita. Iniciada antibioticoterapia com ceftriaxona em cobertura empírica e coletadas culturas, a paciente foi encaminhada à UTI. Avaliada pela urologia, foi indicada abordagem cirúrgica para controle do foco infeccioso. Devido à instabilidade clínica, optou-se por manejo não invasivo, priorizando compensação hemodinâmica e de função renal, sendo indicada hemodiálise de urgência no segundo dia de internação por hipercalemia refratária e uremia. No terceiro dia, em reavaliação pela urologia, decidiu-se por abordagem cirúrgica de urgência. A paciente foi submetida a laparotomia, com nefrectomia à direita. Retornou à UTI após o procedimento com instabilidade hemodinâmica grave. Realizado escalonamento de antibiótico para piperacilina+tazobactam. Paciente evoluiu a óbito no quarto dia de internação por choque séptico refratário. Culturas intraoperatórias foram negativas, mas hemoculturas da admissão mostraram crescimento de Escherichia coli multi-sensível, incluindo ceftriaxona. Conclusão: Este caso ilustra a gravidade das ITUs em pacientes imunossuprimidos e ressalta a importância da suspeita e tratamento adequado. A pielonefrite enfisematosa é uma complicação rara e potencialmente fatal que requer intervenção cirúrgica imediata. A abordagem multidisciplinar, envolvendo especialistas em urologia, infectologia e terapia intensiva, é fundamental para um manejo eficaz desses casos.

The reconstruction of orbital fracture sequelae is a major challenge due to concerns regarding surgical approach and implant stability. Few anatomical sites of such minute size have presented with as much variation in treatment as the orbital floor fractures and related sequelae. Our patient developed sequelae of an orbital fracture over the last 3 years, presenting with dystopia, ophthalmoplegia, and diplopia in the supra- and lateroversion and aesthetic impairment. The variety of implant materials for reconstruction after orbital fractures is extensive, and the decision as to which material to use continues to be debated. The continuing development of computer-aided diagnosis and management and the construction of stereolithographic models offer comparable reproduction of anatomical detail. This technology is described in relation to the planning of trauma surgery and sequelae and the planning of ablative surgery for malignant neoplasms of the head and neck. The use of specific 3D printed titanium implants for bone defects was first reported in cranial reconstruction in 2012, and several studies have reported their use in orbital fractures. The advantages of this implant were increased stiffness, preventing shape loss during placement, a precise fit, and decreased surgical time. However, in the existing literature, the one-piece implant done in this way was a precise fit; therefore, it is possible that navigation between intraoperative anatomical landmarks is lost. However, in cases where reconstruction is difficult, such as extensive orbital wall fractures and large orbital sequelae, the 3D printed implant has been helpful in decreasing surgical time and can be accessed by a limited surgical approach with a precise fit. Our clinical case involved a 37-year-old male patient who experienced severe physical aggression in 2020, amid the COVID-19 pandemic. At the time, due to the overwhelming healthcare demands and resource constraints imposed by the pandemic, immediate surgical intervention for the correction of the fracture was not feasible. As a result of this delay, the patient developed sequelae of the orbital fracture over the last 3 years.

Para una historia intelectual de Las venas abiertas de América Latina

A realização de análises físico-químicas é necessária para se ter avaliação dos padrões adequados dos vinhos. Nesse contexto, tem-se como objetivo desse trabalho realizar a caracterização físico-química de amostras de Vinhos de Mesa Rosé elaborados no Planalto Norte Catarinense. O presente trabalho foi realizado com vinhos elaborados na safra 2022, no Laboratório de Fruticultura do Instituto Federal de Santa Catarina – Campus Canoinhas, sendo realizada a caracterização físico-química. Ao todo coletou-se oito amostras de vinhos dessa categoria, provenientes dos municípios de Itaiópolis, Canoinhas, Papanduva e São Bento do Sul. Avaliou-se: acidez total, pH, densidade relativa, sólidos solúveis, intensidade de cor e tonalidade de cor. Os dados foram digitados, tabulados e com auxílio do software Excel 2010 realizou-se a elaboração das tabelas para a realização de uma análise descritiva dos dados obtidos nas amostras avaliadas. Os dados referentes à caracterização do perfil físico-químico de Vinhos de Mesa Rosé, demonstram o potencial do Planalto Norte Catarinense para a elaboração de vinhos. Os valores observados estão em acordo com a legislação vigente, contudo, faz-se necessário aperfeiçoar métodos de elaboração, especialmente relacionado a intensidade e tonalidade de cor dos vinhos, que no presente estudo apresentaram uma elevada desuniformidade entre as amostras.

BackgroundFrailty represents a state of susceptibility to stressors and constitutes a dynamic process. Untreated, this state can progress to disability. Hence, timely detection of alterations in patients’ frailty status is imperative to institute prompt clinical interventions and impede frailty progression. With this aim, the FACET (Frailty Care and Well Function) technological ecosystem was developed to provide clinically gathered data from the home to a medical team for early intervention. ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to assess whether the FACET technological ecosystem prevents frailty progression and improves frailty status, according to the frailty phenotype criteria and Frailty Trait Scale-5 items (FTS-5) at 3 and 6 months of follow-up. MethodsThis randomized clinical trial involved 90 older adults aged ≥70 years meeting 2 or more Fried frailty phenotype criteria, having 4 or more comorbidities, and having supervision at home. This study was conducted between August 2018 and June 2019 at the geriatrics outpatient clinics in Getafe University Hospital and Albacete University Hospital. Participants were randomized into a control group receiving standard treatment and the intervention group receiving standard treatment along with the FACET home monitoring system. The system monitored functional tests at home (gait speed, chair stand test, frailty status, and weight). Outcomes were assessed using multivariate linear regression models for continuous response and multivariate logistic models for dichotomous response. P values less than .05 were considered statistically significant. ResultsThe mean age of the participants was 82.33 years, with 28% (25/90) being males. Participants allocated to the intervention group showed a 74% reduction in the risk of deterioration in the FTS-5 score (P=.04) and 92% lower likelihood of worsening by 1 point according to Fried frailty phenotype criteria compared to the control group (P=.02) at 6 months of follow-up. Frailty status, when assessed through FTS-5, improved in the intervention group at 3 months (P=.004) and 6 months (P=.047), while when the frailty phenotype criteria were used, benefits were shown at 3 months of follow-up (P=.03) but not at 6 months. ConclusionsThe FACET technological ecosystem helps in the early identification of changes in the functional status of prefrail and frail older adults, facilitating prompt clinical interventions, thereby improving health outcomes in terms of frailty and functional status and potentially preventing disability and dependency. Trial RegistrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT03707145; https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT03707145

El paisajista Sørensen diseñó, entre 1931 y 1962, una serie de teatros al aire libre que constituyen una de las acciones más destacadas sobre el paisaje de Dinamarca. Estos proyectos oscilan entre dos extremos: la cultura clásica griega y la naturaleza nórdica marcada por el espíritu vikingo. El artículo establece la hipótesis de que las propuestas son más intensas cuando responden a la memoria cultural del lugar. El texto se inicia con una introducción metodológica y de contexto y se estructura con tres apartados y un epílogo: en el primero se describen los teatros a partir del trabajo en serie por medio de la geometría; en el segundo se habla de la manipulación del suelo y la construcción de la topografía; en el tercero se analiza la vegetación como límite. En el epílogo final se reflexiona sobre el hecho de que estos teatros son en realidad jardines que responden al fuerte vínculo entre paisaje y memoria.

This paper proposes a multi-platform algorithm methodology in order to define firing angles of torque sharing functions (TSFs) for the indirect torque control of switched reluctance motors (SRM) through a hardware-in-the-loop (HIL) system. This proposal is used to achieve optimal levels of torque ripple and losses with accuracy and reliability, while taking advantage of real-time simulation. The analysis is performed assuming steady-state conditions of speed and torque reference for levels below the base speed, aiming to obtain firing angles ensuring optimal tracking performance. A novel methodology is proposed by using a grid search algorithm that handles the communication between Python, Code Composer, and the Typhoon HIL device. For that, an experimental data FPGA-based model with 500~ns of simulation time step is used to ensure highly accurate dynamic responses of current and electromagnetic torque. Moreover, controller-HIL (C-HIL) is used to have a safe and high fidelity testing environment, allowing rapid testing before transitioning to an experimental test bench. The simulation results are experimentally validated, demonstrating that the proposed strategy is effective and ensures optimal performance, taking into account peripheral systems of A/D, signal conditioning, PWM, and sensor emulation.

Introduction: With a major impact on the population, burns require epidemiological analysis and constant planning for the prevention, treatment, and rehabilitation of patients. This work aims to compare, after a decade, the indicators of the Burn Treatment Center at Hospital João XXIII, in Belo Horizonte, MG, covered in the article “Epidemiology of burns in the state of Minas Gerais”, published in the Revista Brasileira de Cirurgia Plástica with data from 2010, to validate current and future strategies. Method: Review of the medical records of patients suffering from burns, admitted to the aforementioned center in 2020. Results: 473 burn victims were hospitalized during the period, 87.5% were caused by an accident, 34.5% due to hot liquids, 23.7% by alcohol; 61.9% from the interior of the state of Minas Gerais; and 63.4% were male. The average age was 30 years, the average burned body surface area was 18.8% and the average length of stay was 25 days. 580 surgical debridement and 473 autologous skin grafts were performed. 7.4% of patients died, corresponding to 29.5% of those admitted to the adult ICU, with an average burned body surface area of 49.7%, and 10.5% of those admitted to the pediatric ICU. The biggest cause of death was sepsis, in 57.1% of cases. Mortality decreased from 16.3% to 7.4% in the period studied. Conclusion: The profile of patients hospitalized for burns remained largely the same after 10 years. There was an increase in the number of visits to burn victims in the interior of the state and burns caused by hot liquids became more frequent than those caused by alcohol. “The search for compliance with treatment based on world literature resulted in reduction in mortality.”

Abstract The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of temperature on disks and rings for seeders and the consequences for the performance of seed distribution. The treatments consisted of the heating of three types of disks and rings for seeders at 30, 40, 50, 60, 70, 80, 90, and 100°C, with four replicates. The evaluated variables were: fitting to the base of the seeder, thickness, diameter, and quality of seed distribution (failed, multiple, and acceptable spacings). There is no significant deformation in the disks and rings for the analyzed variables, and the performance of the longitudinal seed distribution is maintained at all temperatures.

Objective: This study investigated the relationship between impulsivity and early trauma through a network analysis in individuals diagnosed with different substance use disorders. Methods: In a cross-sectional design, the sample included 556 men with substance use disorders (195 with alcohol use, 157 with cocaine/crack use, and 214 with polysubstance use). Early trauma and impulsive behavior were assessed using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire and the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, respectively. The connection between trauma and impulsivity was assessed using network analysis through a fused graphical lasso algorithm. Results: No connection was observed between impulsivity and trauma networks in individuals with alcohol use disorder. In those with cocaine use disorder, networks were linked through the motor domain and sexual abuse nodes. Inverse connections were observed between the emotional neglect node and perseverance, but not the non-planning node. In polysubstance use, the connection between impulsivity and trauma networks was weak, with the cognitive complexity node connecting to the trauma network through physical abuse. There connections were inversely proportional between the motor domain and emotional neglect nodes, as well as between cognitive instability and physical neglect. Conclusion: Our results suggest that the relationship between the type of early (childhood) trauma and the expression of impulsivity could lead to different substance use profiles.

Este artigo caracteriza e compara a distribuição espacial dos empréstimos do Banco Nacional de Desenvolvimento Econômico e Social (BNDES) e do Banco do Nordeste do Brasil (BNB), entre os anos 2010 e 2019, nos municípios da região Nordeste. Apresentam-se medidas agregadas da distribuição e cobertura espacial da quantidade e do valor de empréstimos agregados e desagregados por subcategorias. Utilizam-se também regressões lineares grau para estimar a correlação entre a alocação dos empréstimos e os indicadores de desenvolvimento, localização, riqueza e estrutura produtiva dos municípios. Percebe-se que, ao longo da última década, o BNDES reduziu drasticamente o volume, o número de seus empréstimos e os municípios atendidos enquanto as atividades do BNB permaneceram relativamente estáveis. Os dois bancos também se complementam visto que os empréstimos do BNDES se destinam primordialmente a empresas, de porte médio-grande, em regiões mais desenvolvidas. Já o BNB atende muitas pessoas físicas, com microcréditos, no semiárido e em outras regiões mais carentes.

Introduction Portable respiratory monitoring (PM) has been used to diagnose obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in the general population. However, its validation in patients with both OSA and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), remains unclear.

Na videira, o balanço entre a carga de frutas e a área foliar adequadamente iluminada influência na quantidade e na qualidade da produção, sendo necessário em alguns casos, a realização do manejo do dossel vegetativo. Nesse contexto, objetiva-se com este trabalho avaliar a influência do manejo do dossel vegetativo na qualidade da videira ‘Bordô’, através dos seguintes tratamentos: T1 - sem manejo de desfolha e sem desponte; T2 - sem manejo da desfolha e com desponte; T3 - com manejo da desfolha e sem desponte; T4 - com manejo da desfolha e com desponte. O trabalho foi realizado no munício de Canoinhas - SC, durante o ciclo 2022/2023, em um delineamento de blocos ao acaso, com quatro repetições e dez plantas por parcela. As bagas provenientes do T1 apresentaram, em média, o menor teor de sólidos solúveis (12,9 °Brix), maior valor para acidez titulável (133,1 meq/L) e menor valor para pH (3,23), porém não diferiram do T4 em nenhuma das variáveis. A ausência de poda verde e o manejo da desfolha e desponte não favoreceram as variáveis relacionadas à maturação. As bagas oriundas do T2 apresentaram teor de sólidos solúveis (14,2 °Brix) superior aos T1 e T4, acidez menor que T1 e T4 (116,3 meq/L) e pH 3,30, portanto o desponte favoreceu a qualidade das uvas, em comparação com a testemunha e o tratamento com desponte e desfolha. Os melhores resultados foram constatados no T3, com 15,2 °Brix, 108,9 meq/L de acidez e pH de 3,39. Conclui-se que a prática da desfolha no estádio fenológico de grão chumbinho favorece a maturação e qualidade das uvas.

En México, durante los últimos tres años, las movilizaciones feministas han creado una escritura sobre el cuerpo del Estado que impugna y confronta la escritura sobre el cuerpo de las mujeres que propuso Rita Laura Segato para comprender la violencia feminicida en Ciudad Juárez. Esa escritura, hecha de trazos, objetos, borraduras y grafitis, interviene el cuerpo del Estado mexicano con la voz de las feministas y denuncia la violencia e impunidad sistemáticas que enfrentan cotidianamente las mujeres en este país. Basado en un curso que impartí en la Universidad de Chile sobre el grito de las mujeres que reclaman justicia, este ensayo es un montaje de citas, referencias e imágenes que surge de las lecturas y conversaciones ocurridas en ese espacio. La figura de Antígona funciona como una alegoría de las relaciones entre el feminismo y el Estado en América Latina, en un contexto de crisis y emancipación.

Introducción: convencionalmente, la reconstrucción del LCA ha sido tratada mediante diversas reconstrucciones con injertos, como el tendón rotuliano (H-T-H), el tendón semitendinoso recto interno del músculo isquiotibial (ST-RI), el tendón cuadricipital (TC) o, en algunas ocasiones, con aloinjertos (Alo), entre otros. Sin embargo, todos estos injertos están asociados con algunas complicaciones. El uso del tendón peroneo lateral largo (PLL) fue descripto por primera vez por Kerimoğlu et al. en 2008 y los resultados comparativos funcionales de trabajos en revistas científicas recientes lo posicionan como una alternativa válida para la reconstrucción del LCA, ya que proporcionó mejores resultados clínicos en la rodilla, aunque con una puntuación ligeramente inferior en el score AOFAS en comparación con el preoperatorio. Objetivo: reportar nuestra experiencia inicial usando el tendón peroneo lateral largo (PLL) como alternativa en las reconstrucciones del ligamento cruzado anterior (LCA), evaluando la morbilidad del sitio donante. Materiales y métodos: entre junio de 2023 y julio de 2024 se realizaron veintinueve reconstrucciones de LCA utilizando injerto del tendón PLL como injerto de elección. Los criterios de inclusión para evaluar la morbilidad del sitio donante fueron haber cumplido tres meses postoperatorios. Se excluyeron pacientes con inestabilidad crónica de tobillo o pie plano en el lado intervenido. Para la evaluación de la morbilidad del sitio dador se utilizó el score AOFAS y el score de FADI. Resultados: diecisiete pacientes cumplieron con el criterio de inclusión (seguimiento mayor a tres meses). El score AOFAS promedio a los tres meses fue de 92.25 ± 5.18, y el score FADI fue de 94.37 ± 4.18, sin diferencias significativas entre revisiones y plásticas primarias, ni entre sexos. Conclusión: en el presente trabajo, los resultados clínicos obtenidos son similares a los de la literatura actual en la evaluación a los tres meses postquirúrgicos utilizando el PLL para la reconstrucción del LCA. Al existir una baja morbilidad del sitio donante y con resultados funcionales similares a los autoinjertos habituales a largo plazo, podríamos considerarlo como una opción válida, en particular en casos de revisión donde la plástica primaria se realizó utilizando injertos alrededor de la rodilla. Los resultados a mediano y largo plazo se encuentran en estudio.

En México, la ganadería bovina de doble propósito (GBDP) es uno de los sistemas productivos a pequeña escala más relevantes en el medio rural; sin embargo, presenta alta variabilidad en cuanto a sus parámetros socioeconómicos, productivos y tecnológicos. El objetivo de este estudio fue caracterizar la GBDP en el municipio Santiago Pinotepa Nacional, Oaxaca, México, y establecer una tipología representativa de los productores ganaderos. Para ello, se aplicó una encuesta a 155 productores ganaderos, usando un cuestionario que incluía variables cuantitativas y cualitativas clasificadas en cuatro secciones: sociales, productivas, económicas, y tecnológicas. La información recopilada se analizó mediante estadística descriptiva, técnicas de análisis multivariado y análisis de varianza. El análisis de componentes principales reveló cuatro factores que explicaron el 78.27% de la variabilidad original, y se relacionaron con la productividad y dimensión del rancho (F1), la condición social-cultural del productor (F2), la eficiencia productiva en el rancho (F3), y aspectos familiares del productor (F4). El análisis de conglomerados jerárquicos clasificó a los productores ganaderos en tres grupos, denominados como tradicionales (89.03%), en transición (8.38%), y comerciales (2.5%). Las diferencias entre los grupos de productores identificados radican en la superficie del rancho, tamaño del hato, producción de leche por semana, número de becerros vendidos por año e ingreso anual.

Resumo Fundamento: A fibrilação atrial (FA) é a arritmia cardíaca sustentada mais frequente, mas ainda é subdiagnosticada especialmente em pacientes assintomáticos. Objetivo: Avaliar uma estratégia simples para otimizar a identificação da FA. Métodos: Avaliados indivíduos assintomáticos com 65 anos ou mais, portadores de hipertensão arterial (HA) ou insuficiência cardíaca (IC). Os dados foram inseridos e armazenados em plataforma REDCap. Inicialmente foram realizadas análise de risco de FA com o algoritmo matemático Stroke Risk Analysis (SRA) aplicado em eletrocardiograma (ECG) de 1 hora. Todos os pacientes de alto risco de FA foram orientados a realizar o protocolo de ECG domiciliar por sete dias com o equipamento portátil Kardia 6L OMRON, AliveCor®. O teste de Kolmogorov-Smirnov foi usado para verificar a normalidade da distribuição das variáveis quantitativas; aquelas com distribuição normal foram expressas em média e desvio-padrão. Adotou-se como significativo o valor de p

O presente artigo analisa as interações pedagógicas estabelecidas entre dois grupos pré-escolares da Rede Municipal de Educação do Rio de Janeiro. O objetivo é descrever e interpretar as percepções e as expectativas das docentes sobre as crianças, suas variações e as relações dessas percepções com a construção social de trajetórias escolares. A metodologia engloba observações etnográficas em dois grupos pré-escolares e entrevistas em profundidade com as professoras regentes. Demonstraremos que as professoras não percebem as crianças de forma equânime, de forma que foi possível dividir o corpo discente, em termos analíticos, em três grupos de crianças: aqueles percebidos positivamente, negativamente e os que recebem percepções mistas. Tais percepções orientam as ações pedagógicas das professoras, de forma que a trajetória de cada aluno e aluna é afetada pela percepção que a docente tem sobre ele ou ela. Constrói-se, portanto, desde os primeiros anos da escolarização, trajetórias de sucesso e fracasso escolar.

Abstract Verifying the quality of a random number generator involves performing computationally intensive statistical tests on large data sets commonly in the range of gigabytes. Limitations on computing power can restrict an end-user’s ability to perform such verification. There are also random number-based applications where an honest user needs to publicly demonstrate that the random bits they are using pass the statistical tests without the bits being revealed. Here, we report the implementation of an entanglement-based protocol that allows a third party to publicly perform statistical tests without compromising the privacy of the random bits.

Abstract Inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD) are a group of chronic inflammatory conditions of the gastrointestinal tract associated with multiple pathogenic factors, including dysregulation of the immune response. Effector CD4+ T cells and regulatory CD4+ T cells (Treg) are central players in maintaining the balance between tolerance and inflammation. Interestingly, genetic modifications in these cells have been implicated in regulating the commitment of specific phenotypes and immune functions. However, the transcriptional program controlling the pathogenic behavior of T helper cells in IBD progression is still unknown. In this study, we aimed to find master transcription regulators controlling the pathogenic behavior of effector CD4+ T cells upon gut inflammation. To achieve this goal, we used an animal model of IBD induced by the transfer of naïve CD4+ T cells into recombination-activating gene 1 (Rag1) deficient mice, which are devoid of lymphocytes. As a control, a group of Rag1 −/− mice received the transfer of the whole CD4+ T cells population, which includes both effector T cells and Treg. When gut inflammation progressed, we isolated CD4+ T cells from the colonic lamina propria and spleen tissue, and performed bulk RNA-seq. We identified differentially up- and down-regulated genes by comparing samples from both experimental groups. We found 532 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the colon and 30 DEGs in the spleen, mostly related to Th1 response, leukocyte migration, and response to cytokines in lamina propria T-cells. We integrated these data into Gene Regulatory Networks to identify Master Regulators, identifying four up-regulated master gene regulators (Lef1, Dnmt1, Mybl2, and Jup) and only one down-regulated master regulator (Foxo3). The altered expression of master regulators observed in the transcriptomic analysis was confirmed by qRT-PCR analysis and found an up-regulation of Lef1 and Mybl2, but without differences on Dnmt1, Jup, and Foxo3. These two master regulators have been involved in T cells function and cell cycle progression, respectively. We identified two master regulator genes associated with the pathogenic behavior of effector CD4+ T cells in an animal model of IBD. These findings provide two new potential molecular targets for treating IBD.

Abstract COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, affects neuronal cells, causing several symptoms such as memory loss, anosmia and brain inflammation. Curcuminoids (Me08 e Me23) and curcumin (CUR) are derived from Curcuma Longa extract (EXT). Many therapeutic actions have been linked to these compounds, including antiviral action. Given the severe implications of COVID-19, especially within the central nervous system, our study aims to shed light on the therapeutic potential of curcuminoids against SARS-CoV-2 infection, particularly in neuronal cells. Here, we investigated the effects of CUR, EXT, Me08 and Me23 in human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y. We observed that Me23 significantly decreased the expression of plasma membrane-associated transmembrane protease serine 2 (TMPRSS2) and TMPRSS11D, consequently mitigating the elevated ROS levels induced by SARS-CoV-2. Furthermore, Me23 exhibited antioxidative properties by increasing NRF2 gene expression and restoring NQO1 activity following SARS-CoV-2 infection. Both Me08 and Me23 effectively reduced SARS-CoV-2 replication in SH-SY5Y cells overexpressing ACE2 (SH-ACE2). Additionally, all of these compounds demonstrated the ability to decrease proinflammatory cytokines such as IL-6, TNF-α, and IL-17, while Me08 specifically reduced INF-γ levels. Our findings suggest that curcuminoid Me23 could serve as a potential agent for mitigating the impact of COVID-19, particularly within the context of central nervous system involvement.

Objective: To build a model based on cardiometabolic indicators that allow the identification of overweight adolescents at higher risk of subclinical atherosclerotic disease (SAD). Methods: Cross-sectional study involving 161 adolescents with a body mass index ≥ +1 z-Score, aged 10 to 19 years. Carotid intima-media complex thickness (IMT) was evaluated using ultrasound to assess subclinical atherosclerotic disease. Cardiometabolic indicators evaluated included nutritional status, central adiposity, blood pressure, lipidic profile, glycemic profile, as well as age and sex. Data was presented using measures of central tendency and dispersion, as well as absolute and relative frequency. The relationship between IMT measurement (outcome variable) and other variables (independent variables) was assessed using Pearson or Spearman correlation, followed by multiple regression modeling with Gamma distribution to analyze predictors of IMT. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS and R software, considering a significance level of 5 %. Results: It was observed that 23.7 % had Carotid thickening, and the prevalence of abnormal fasting glucose was the lowest. Age and fasting glucose were identified as predictors of IMT increase, with IMT decreasing with age by approximately 1 % per year and increasing with glucose by around 0.24 % per mg/dL. Conclusion: The adolescent at higher risk is younger with higher fasting glycemia levels.

Abstract Background The reconstruction of the evolutionary history of organisms has been greatly influenced by the advent of molecular techniques, leading to a significant increase in studies utilizing genomic data from different species. However, the lack of standardization in gene nomenclature poses a challenge in database searches and evolutionary analyses, impacting the accuracy of results obtained. Results To address this issue, a Python class for standardizing gene nomenclatures, SynGenes, has been developed. It automatically recognizes and converts different nomenclature variations into a standardized form, facilitating comprehensive and accurate searches. Additionally, SynGenes offers a web form for individual searches using different names associated with the same gene. The SynGenes database contains a total of 545 gene name variations for mitochondrial and 2485 for chloroplasts genes, providing a valuable resource for researchers. Conclusions The SynGenes platform offers a solution for standardizing gene nomenclatures of mitochondrial and chloroplast genes and providing a standardized search solution for specific markers in GenBank. Evaluation of SynGenes effectiveness through research conducted on GenBank and PubMedCentral demonstrated its ability to yield a greater number of outcomes compared to conventional searches, ensuring more comprehensive and accurate results. This tool is crucial for accurate database searches, and consequently, evolutionary analyses, addressing the challenges posed by non-standardized gene nomenclature. Graphical abstract

Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) play a key role regulating immune and metabolic homeostasis. Consequently, dysregulation in SCFA levels is involved in the pathogenesis of autoimmune, inflammatory, metabolic, and neurodegenerative disorders. These metabolites are generated by gut microbiota, and their production is influenced mainly by diet. Here, an overview is provided of how SCFA production is associated with diet and with neurological disorders. The mechanisms by which SCFAs exert beneficial effects are analysed, along with how their production may be boosted by diet and how the use of specific dietary interventions might improve the outcome of neurological diseases.

This dataset was collected during the 2023 and 2024 RoboCup competitions using the TIAGo robot equipped with an RGB-D camera, a Hokuyo laser, and a RODE microphone. The dataset includes ROSbag files that capture the robot's sensory data and planning task behavior, as well as video recordings that provide third-person perspectives of task execution. These data provide information about the performance of autonomous robots in social tasks and navigation in dynamic environments with human interaction.

ABSTRACTResearchers in ‘hard' science disciplines are exploring the transformative potential of Artificial Intelligence (AI) for advancing research in their fields. Their colleagues in ‘soft' science, however, have produced thus far a limited number of articles on this subject. This paper addresses this gap. Our main hypothesis is that existing Artificial Intelligence Large Language Models (LLMs) can closely align with human expert assessments in specialized social science surveys. To test this, we compare data from a multi-country expert survey with those collected from the two powerful LLMs created by OpenAI and Google. The statistical difference between the two sets of data is minimal in most cases, supporting our hypothesis, albeit with certain limitations and within specific parameters. The tested language models demonstrate domain-agnostic algorithmic accuracy, indicating an inherent ability to incorporate human knowledge and independently replicate human judgment across various subfields without specific training. We refer to this property as the ‘implicit intelligence' of Artificial Intelligence, representing a highly promising advancement for social science research.

Abstract There is limited contemporary prospective real-world evidence of patients with chronic arterial disease in Latin America. The Network to control atherothrombosis (NEAT) registry is a national prospective observational study of patients with known coronary (CAD) and/or peripheral arterial disease (PAD) in Brazil. A total of 2,005 patients were enrolled among 25 sites from September 2020 to March 2022. Patient characteristics, medications and laboratorial data were collected. Primary objective was to assess the proportion of patients who, at the initial visit, were in accordance with good medical practices (domains) for reducing cardiovascular risk in atherothrombotic disease. From the total of patients enrolled, 2 were excluded since they did not meet eligibility criteria. Among the 2,003 subjects included in the analysis, 55.6% had isolated CAD, 28.7% exclusive PAD and 15.7% had both diagnoses. Overall mean age was 66.3 (± 10.5) years and 65.7% were male patients. Regarding evidence-based therapies (EBTs), 4% were not using any antithrombotic drug and only 1.5% were using vascular dose of rivaroxaban (2.5 mg bid). Only 0.3% of the patients satisfied all the domains of secondary prevention, including prescription of EBTs and targets of body-mass index, blood pressure, LDL-cholesterol, and adherence of lifestyle recommendations. The main barrier for prescription of EBTs was medical judgement. Our findings highlight that the contemporary practice does not reflect a comprehensive approach for secondary prevention and had very low incorporation of new therapies in Brazil. Large-scale populational interventions addressing these gaps are warranted to improve the use of evidence-based therapies and reduce the burden of atherothrombotic disease. ClinicalTrials.gov NCT04677725

ObjectivesTo characterize factors associated with parental willingness for their children participation in a COVID-19 vaccine trial, use of different COVID-19 vaccines and acceptance of a third vaccine dose.MethodsParents of children aged 12–17 years in Lima, Perú were asked to complete an online questionnaire via social networks, from November 9, 2021, to April 23, 2022. We calculated crude and adjusted prevalence ratios with 95% confidence intervals to compare factors with the mentioned outcomes.ResultsFrom 523 parents responding, 374 completed the survey. 90.4% would give their children a third vaccine dose, 36.6% would allow their children participation in a COVID-19 vaccine clinical trial, and 33.2% would accept different vaccine brands between doses. Parental belief that COVID-19 vaccine studies met quality standards was associated with acceptance of a third booster dose (adjusted PR 3.25; 95% CI1.57–6.74; p = 0.002), enrolment in a COVID-19 clinical trial (adjusted PR 4.49; 95% CI1.25–16.06; p = 0.02), and acceptance of different COVID-19 vaccine brands between doses (adjusted PR 10.02; 95% CI1.40–71.95; p = 0.02).ConclusionMost parents would accept a third vaccine booster dose, approximately a third would participate in COVID-19 vaccine trials. Believing COVID-19 vaccines studies fulfilled quality standards was associated with the study outcomes. It is necessary to inform about the rigorous processes for the development of COVID-19 vaccines to generate confidence in parents to accept these vaccine-related outcomes.