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Societal Impact Statement Table grape production is a traditional practice in southeastern Spain, where locals have produced fresh grapes and raisins for centuries. Many of these vines are now centenary, and they represent a useful source of diversity for developing future table grape varieties with improved traits. Genetic analysis showed that many of the local varieties identified in this study were traditional varieties from Western Mediterranean countries. Others were not identified, and they might be old grape varieties of previous importance in the region. The conservation and characterization of these varieties could be key to ensuring current and future vineyard sustainability. Summary Current worldwide table grape production focuses on a reduced number of Vitis vinifera L. varieties. However, traditional farmers have grown many table grape varieties for centuries, as they provided a steady source of fresh fruit and raisins. These ancient living genotypes potentially store a genetic diversity that can be used now to ensure future grape production. Here we focused on the study of grapevines found across Almería, one of the Spanish regions with longer tradition in table grape production. After an exhaustive inspection, we located 220 old (some centenary) vines producing grapes consumed by owners or in abandoned areas no longer devoted to agriculture. Some of these vines were identified by comparing their simple sequence repeat (SSR) and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genetic profiles with available data from international databases. We found that, while grape growers' efforts focused on the cultivation of traditional grape varieties from Western Mediterranean regions, they also cultivated few exogenous varieties if they provided additional fruit features. Other vines were found to have genetic profiles that did not match reference datasets. Interestingly, some of them were found in multiple locations, suggesting they are endangered varieties with some previous relevance in the region. Besides, first‐degree relationships support the autochthonous origin of many of these unidentified genotypes. Locals kept a high number of different grapevine varieties, now considered reservoirs of genetic diversity. Traditional farming practices have been useful to prevent the loss of this diversity, which now needs to be preserved and further studied to contribute to the sustainability of viticultural systems.

Antecedentes: La utilidad del ADN circulante libre (ADNcl), el ADN nuclear (ADNn) y mitocondrial (ADNmt) como posibles biomarcadores en cáncer aún sigue siendo controvertida. Objetivo: Determinar la concentración del ADNcl y los niveles de ADNn y ADNmt en plasma en pacientes con cáncer de mama (CM). Material y métodos: Se incluyeron 86 mujeres (69 pacientes con CM y 17 mujeres como grupo de control). La concentración del ADNcl se determinó por medio de fluorometría y los niveles de ADNmt y ADNn, por reacción en cadena de la polimerasa en tiempo real (qPCR). Resultados: La concentración de ADNcl fue mayor en las pacientes con CM versus el grupo de control (p = 0.001). La concentración de ADNcl se asoció en pacientes mayores de 50 años (p = 0.001). El nivel del ADNn fue mayor en las pacientes con CM versus el grupo de control (p = 0.004). Los niveles de ADNmt no mostraron diferencias significativas. Las concentraciones de ADNcl y ADNn mostraron un poder discriminatorio significativo (área bajo la curva [AUC] = 0.968, p = 0.001, y AUC = 0.724, p = 0.004, respectivamente). Conclusiones: La concentración de ADNcl y la combinación de este y ADNn son marcadores útiles para el diagnóstico de pacientes con CM.

El objetivo de esta investigación consistió en determinar cómo perciben los derechohabientes del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS) el proyecto de reforma de universalización de salud en cuanto a las variables financiamiento y prestación de servicios en la ciudad de San Luis Potosí, México. El estudio se ejecutó bajo un enfoque metodológico cuantitativo, no experimental, transversal, descriptivo y correlacional, aplicando un cuestionario a una muestra estratificada de 384 derechohabientes del IMSS. Si bien los resultados destacan el bajo conocimiento de los aspectos del proyecto de reforma hacia la universalidad de los servicios de salud, los usuarios confirman la necesidad de cambios en el sistema de salud actual y su disposición para realizar una aportación adicional condicionada a la mejora del servicio. Las conclusiones resaltan algunos avances en la migración hacia un sistema de salud universal, aunque todavía falta tiempo para lograr la aprobación de la reforma. Este trabajo pretende contribuir a la literatura existente ofreciendo reflexiones prácticas que sustenten el diseño e implementación de políticas públicas del sector salud.

Introduction: academic stress is a common challenge among university students and can have negative effects on their performance and well-being, as well as hinder conscious learning regulation. This article presents a training program designed to address this problem from a neuropsychological approach and promote self-regulated learning. Objective: to evaluate the effectiveness of the self-regulated learning training strategy in reducing stress associated with the academic context. Method: a mixed research design was employed, involving eight second-year undergraduate students. The training program consisted of five sessions, each addressing specific aspects of self-regulated learning and academic stress management. Quantitative data were collected, and semi-structured interviews were conducted to gain a deeper understanding of the phenomenon. Results: the program had a positive impact on reducing stress associated with the academic context and improving performance in the sample. Participants reported increased awareness of their own learning strategies and improved ability to manage stress in the academic environment. Conclusions: this study demonstrates that a training program in self-regulated learning, based on a neuropsychological approach, can be effective in reducing stress associated with the academic context and increasing the performance of university students. These findings support the importance of providing students with strategies to manage stress and promote self-regulated learning.

The objective of this work is to evaluate the potential use of gold and silver tailings (GST) as Supplementary Cementitious Material (SCM). Physical, chemical, and mineralogical characteristics of GST were evaluated. Based on the initial characterization of GST, mechanical and thermal activation were proposed to improve GST reactivity. The effect of both activation processes in crystallite size and Full Width at Half Maximum (FWHM) were determined by X-Ray Diffraction (XRD). Mechanical activation at 140 min of milling and thermal activation at 1000 °C allowed the most significant reduction of crystallite size and particle size. The unconfined compressive strength (UCS) and the Strength Activity Index (SAI) were tested in mortar cubes partially substituted with activated tailings. Results showed that 10, 15, and 20 wt% substitution with activated tailings exceed the 75% SAI according to ASTM standards. Micrographs showed the presence of a calcium silicate hydrate (C-S-H) gel rich matrix in experimental mortars.

Cosmological N-body simulations provide numerical predictions of the structure of the Universe against which to compare data from ongoing and future surveys, but the growing volume of the Universe mapped by surveys requires correspondingly lower statistical uncertainties in simulations, usually achieved by increasing simulation sizes at the expense of computational power. It was recently proposed to reduce simulation variance without incurring additional computational costs by adopting fixed-amplitude initial conditions. This method has been demonstrated not to introduce bias in various statistics, including the two-point statistics of galaxy samples typically used for extracting cosmological parameters from galaxy redshift survey data, but requires us to revisit current methods for estimating covariance matrices of clustering statistics for simulations. In this work, we find that it is not trivial to construct covariance matrices analytically for fixed-amplitude simulations, but we demonstrate that EZMOCK (Effective Zel’dovich approximation mock catalogue), the most efficient method for constructing mock catalogues with accurate two- and three-point statistics, provides reasonable covariance matrix estimates for such simulations. We further examine how the variance suppression obtained by amplitude-fixing depends on three-point clustering, small-scale clustering, and galaxy bias, and propose intuitive explanations for the effects we observe based on the EZMOCK bias model.

En el contexto de la gobernanza democrática y el derecho al desarrollo, este artículo aborda la relevancia de la participación ciudadana. Se ha explorado la interacción entre participación ciudadana, gobernanza democrática y derecho al desarrollo, un tema relevante, pero poco estudiado. El objetivo es identificar conceptos clave y relaciones mediante una revisión sistemática de literatura en bases de datos académicas indexadas, discerniendo buenas prácticas para fomentar la participación ciudadana. Utilizando el método PRISMA, se formularon preguntas de investigación y se buscaron artículos sobre la relación entre estos tres elementos. De los 45 documentos identificados inicialmente, se seleccionó un total de 21 artículos, los cuales presentaron incidencia directa con el tema de estudio. Los resultados muestran una relación compleja, destacando la importancia de la legitimidad, disposiciones constitucionales y condiciones contextuales. A su vez, se identifican hallazgos sobre dimensiones legales, económicas y sociales del derecho al desarrollo vinculadas a la participación ciudadana. La principal conclusión subraya la complejidad de esta relación, enfatizando la necesidad de enfoques adaptativos y contextuales para fortalecer la participación ciudadana como medio para una gobernanza democrática efectiva en el marco del derecho al desarrollo, por lo que este estudio ofrece una base para futuras investigaciones, políticas y prácticas que busquen profundizar la comprensión y promover un desarrollo integral y sostenible a través de la participación ciudadana.

Abstract The COVID-19 pandemic had a profound global impact, characterized by a high fatality rate and the emergence of enduring consequences known as Long COVID. Our study sought to determine the prevalence of Long COVID syndrome within a population of Northeastern Mexico, correlating it with patients' comorbidities, number of COVID-19 reinfection, and vaccination status. Employing an observational cross-sectional approach, we administered a comprehensive questionnaire covering medical history, demographics, vaccination status, COVID-related symptoms, and treatment. Our participant cohort included 807 patients, with an average age of 41.5 (SD 13.6) years, and women accounting 59.3% of the cohort. The follow-up was 488 (IQR 456) days. One hundred sixty-eight subjects (20.9%) met Long COVID criteria. Long COVID-19 was more prevalent when subjects had reinfections (p = 0.02) and less frequent when they had a complete vaccination scheme (p = 0.05). Through logistic regression, we found that male gender (OR 0.5, p ≤ 0.001), blood types of AB− (OR 0.48, p = 0.003) and O− (OR 0.27, p ≤ 0.001) in comparison with A+ and two doses of vaccines (OR 0.5, p = 006) to be protective factors against Long COVID; while higher BMI (OR 1.04, p = 0.005) was a risk factor. We saw that the prevalence of Long COVID was different within vaccinated patients and specific blood types, while being female and a higher BMI were associated with an increased risk of having long-COVID.

Abstract The aim of this study was to describe a novel digital technique to analyze the wear of screw-retained implant-supported metal-ceramic dental prostheses and natural tooth as antagonist. Materials and methods Ten patients were consecutively included to rehabilitate partial edentulism by dental implants. Both the screw-retained implant-supported metal-ceramic dental prostheses and the natural tooth as antagonist were submitted to a digital impression through an intraoral scan to generate a Standard Tessellation Language digital file preoperatively (STL1), at 3 months (STL2), and 6 months (STL3) follow-up. Afterwards, an alignment procedure of the digital files (STL1-STL3) was performed on a reverse engineering morphometric software (3D Geomagic Capture Wrap) and volume changes at the screw-retained implant-supported metal-ceramic dental prostheses and the natural tooth as antagonist were analyzed using Student’s t-test. Moreover, Gage R&R statistical analysis was conducted to analyze the repeatability and reproducibility of the digital technique. Results Gage R&R showed a variability attributable to the digital technique of 3.8% (among the measures of each operator) and 4.5% (among operators) of the total variability; resulting repeatable and reproducible, since the variabilities were under 10%. In addition, statistically significant differences were shown at the wear volume (μm3) of both the natural tooth as antagonist (p < 0.0001) and the screw-retained implant-supported metal-ceramic dental prostheses between 3- and 6-months follow-up (p = 0.0002). Conclusion The novel digital measurement technique results repeatable and reproducible to analyze the wear of screw-retained implant-supported metal-ceramic dental prostheses and natural tooth as antagonist.

Introducción: La autonomía municipal en la elaboración y ejecución de estrategias de desarrollo local es fundamental para reducir la dependencia del poder central y promover soluciones a problemáticas económicas, sociales y ambientales a nivel comunitario. En este sentido, el fortalecimiento de las capacidades de gestión en cada municipio es crucial para impulsar iniciativas locales que aborden estas problemáticas de manera efectiva. Objetivo: Identificar, desde el vínculo universidad-empresa, modos de actuaciones para la ampliación de las capacidades de gestión del turismo rural como factor de desarrollo local en el ámbito municipal Metodología: Esta investigación se enmarca en un enfoque descriptivo de naturaleza cualitativa. Se emplearon métodos como el análisis documental, la observación científica y entrevistas para fundamentar la propuesta, basándose en experiencias de trabajo en los municipios avileños de Florencia, Chambas y Bolivia. Resultados: Se estructuraron varias acciones y talleres que, integralmente, y en el marco del vínculo universidad-empresa-municipio, aportan un conjunto de herramientas que potencian el aprendizaje y la generación de capacidades de gestión innovadoras en el aspecto municipal, en función del desarrollo local a partir de la actividad turística. Conclusiones: Las acciones y talleres propuestos representan una contribución significativa a la gestión del turismo rural en estos municipios, donde la creación de estructuras y sistemas de trabajo es crucial para impulsar la economía local y sistematizar el conocimiento en materia turística, promoviendo así un impacto directo en el desarrollo local. Abstract Introduction: Municipal autonomy in crafting and executing local development strategies is pivotal for reducing reliance on central authority and fostering solutions to economic, social, and environmental challenges at the grassroots level. Strengthening management capacities within each municipality is therefore crucial for driving local initiatives that effectively address these issues. Objective: To identify, through university-industry collaboration, strategies for expanding management capacities for rural tourism as a catalyst for local development at the municipal level. Methodology: This research adopts a descriptive, qualitative approach. Methods such as documentary analysis, scientific observation, and interviews were employed to underpin the proposal, drawing from experiences in the Avileño municipalities of Florencia, Chambas, and Bolivia. Results: Several integrated actions and workshops have been structured within the university-industry-municipality framework, offering a suite of tools that enhance learning and foster innovative management capacities at the municipal level, with a focus on leveraging tourism activity for local development. Conclusions: The proposed actions and workshops represent a significant stride in rural tourism management within these municipalities. Establishing structures and operational systems is crucial for driving the local economy and organizing knowledge in tourism, thus facilitating a direct impact on local development.

Este artículo ofrece una reflexión sobre la peste de media-dos del siglo XVII que afectó a la isla de Cerdeña (situada en el centro del Mar Mediterráneo), donde se pone de re-lieve un análisis de ciertos elementos que marcaron la difu-sión de la enfermedad en todo el territorio sardo. Aquí se evidencian los métodos de control, desde las políticas pú-blicas: se conformó un grupo de expertos, que fueron obli-gados a negar la existencia de la enfermedad, y cuando la muerte ya no pudo esconderse se organizaron patrullajes armados para impedir que escaparan de la villa, también se inciaron cuarentenas en las iglesias rurales y se indicó destrucción de las casas de los infectados; en la economía: pertenecer a la nobleza condicionaba una alimentación de calidad, así como acceso a servicios médicos y menor gra-do de contagio, así mismo se procuró la seguridad alimen-taria como prioridad en salud; la religión con su cultura: muestra que el origen de la peste era un castigo de dios, el cual se combatía con rezo y penitencia, y el agua caliente para limpieza personal estaba contraindicado. La relación de esta epidemia no dista mucho de lo que se presentó en la pandemia de COVID-19, por lo que debemos reconocer la historicidad del proceso en salud, enfermedad, atención, cuidado, muerte, para las próximas pandemias

Abstract The aim of the present study was to analyze and compare the angle deviation of two, four and six adjacent dental implants placed with and without straight parallel pins. Materials and Methods: Two hundred and forty (240) dental implants were selected and randomly allocated into the following study groups: Two dental implants placed with straight parallel pins (Ref.: 144-100, BioHorizons, Birmingham, AL, USA) (n = 10) (2PP); Two dental implants placed without parallel pins (n = 10) (2withoutPP); Four dental implants placed with straight parallel pins hT(n = 10) (4PP); Four dental implants placed without parallel pins (n = 10) (4withoutPP); Six dental implants placed with straight parallel pins (n = 10) (6PP) and Six dental implants placed without parallel pins (n = 10) (6withoutPP). The dental implants randomly assigned to groups 2PP and 2withoutPP were placed into standardized polyurethane models of partially edentulous upper jaws in tooth positions 2.4 and 2.6, the dental implants randomly assigned to groups 4PP and 4withoutPP were placed into standardized polyurethane models of fully edentulous upper jaws in tooth positions 1.6, 1.4, 2.4 and 2.6, and the dental implants randomly assigned to groups 6PP and 6withoutPP were placed into standardized polyurethane models of fully edentulous upper jaws in tooth positions 1.6, 1.4, 1.2, 2.2, 2.4 and 2.6. Afterwards, postoperative CBCT scans and digital impressions were aligned in a 3D implant-planning software to compare the angle deviation (°) of two, four and six adjacent dental implants placed with and without straight parallel pins using the General Linear Model statistical analysis. Results: Statistically significant differences were found between the angle deviation of 2 dental implants placed with straight parallel pins (p

Phytophthora capsici is a devastating pathogen in horticultural crops, particularly affecting Capsicum annuum (pepper). The overuse of chemical fungicides has led to resistance development, necessitating alternative strategies. This study investigates the antagonistic effects of four rhizobacterial isolates (Bacillus sp., Pseudomonas putida, Bacillus subtilis, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens) against P. capsici, focusing on the production of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Using in vitro dual culture assays, we observed a significant inhibition of mycelial growth and sporangia production, especially by B. subtilis and B. amyloliquefaciens. The GC-MS/SPME-HS analysis identified key VOCs responsible for these antagonistic effects. Our findings demonstrate that specific rhizobacteria and their VOCs offer a promising biocontrol strategy, potentially reducing the reliance on chemical fungicides and contributing to sustainable agriculture.

IntroductionChronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a major cause of illness and death among adults. In 2019, the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) strategy incorporated blood eosinophils as a biomarker to identify patients at increased risk of exacerbations which, with the history of exacerbations during the previous year, allows identification of patients who would benefit from anti-inflammatory treatment to reduce the risk of future exacerbations. The aim of this study was to describe demographic and clinical characteristics, eosinophil counts, and exacerbations in a cohort of COPD patients stratified by clinical phenotypes (non-exacerbator, frequent exacerbator, asthma-COPD overlap) in a Colombian cohort at 2600 meters above sea level.MethodsA descriptive analysis of a historical cohort of patients with a confirmed diagnosis of moderate to severe COPD (FEV1/FVC

Foundation: abandonment in old age is a condition of many health disorders and is, to a greater extent, a condition of high incidence worldwide. Objective: to compare geriatric syndromes and abandonment in older adult patients. Methods: a cross-sectional, descriptive, analytical and correlational study was carried out in the Family Medicine Unit No. 33 of the Mexican Social Security Institute of Tabasco. The sample was made up of 203 patients aged 60 and over, who attended Family Medicine and Continuing Medical Care consultations. Three instruments were applied: the Pfeiffer scale, the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire Short-Form, the Perception of Abandonment Scale for the Elderly, and questions were asked about the consumption of prescribed and self-medicated medications. Results: there is a relationship between geriatric syndromes and abandonment, as verified in the correlation between the variables analyzed. Mild, moderate and severe cognitive impairment was found in low proportions. 40.7 % of the patients accepted having urinary incontinence. The presence of polypharmacy was found in high proportions. Conclusions: the geriatric syndromes present in the study such as: cognitive impairment, polypharmacy and urinary incontinence, plus the presence of being single, widowed or divorced show a significant relationship to suffering abandonment.

In the context of the growing influence of artificial intelligence (AI), this study addresses the use of ChatGPT in improving academic writing skills and its ethical use in scientific article composition. A quantitative methodological approach was employed, involving online surveys administered to graduate students, and the data were analyzed to identify usage patterns and perceptions. The results reveal that students utilize ChatGPT in various ways, with some relying on its efficiency to correct errors, while others prefer traditional methods. Furthermore, it is evident that training in ethics and attribution is limited, highlighting the need for appropriate training programs. In this regard, the importance of recognizing individual student preferences when using ChatGPT and balancing efficiency with ethics in academic writing is emphasized. This article contributes to understanding how graduate students perceive and utilize this tool, emphasizing the necessity of increased ethical awareness and training programs to ensure responsible usage.

In this work, TiO2 spherical nanoparticles with a mean diameter of 10.08 nm (SD = 4.54 nm) were synthesized using Aloe vera extract. Rutile, brookite, and anatase crystalline phases were identified. The surface morphology of a carbon paste electrode does not change in the presence of nanoparticles; however, the surface chemical composition does. The voltammetric response to dicresyl dithiophosphate was higher when the electrode was modified with TiO2 nanoparticles. After an electrochemical response study from pH 1.0 to 12.0, pH 7.0 was selected for the electroanalysis. The electroactive area of the modified sensor was 0.036 cm2, while it was 0.026 cm2 for the bare electrode. The oxidation process showed mixed adsorption-diffusion control. The charge transfer resistance of the modified sensor (530.1 Ω, SD = 4.08 Ω) was much lower than that of the bare electrode (4298 Ω, SD = 8.53 Ω). The linear quantitative range by square wave voltammetry was from 5 to 150 μmol/L, with a limit of detection of 1.89 μmol/L and a limit of quantification of 6.26 μmol/L under optimal pulse parameters of 50 Hz frequency, 1 mV step potential, and 25 mV pulse amplitude. The sensor response was repeatable and reproducible over 30 days. The results on real flotation and synthetically contaminated soil samples were statistically equivalent to those obtained by UV-vis spectrophotometry. A dithiocarbamate showed an interfering effect on the sensor response to dithiophosphate.

Background: Evidence suggests that aerobic training with blood flow restriction is beneficial for treating fibromyalgia. This study evaluated the feasibility, safety, and effects of an aerobic training program with blood flow restriction for women with fibromyalgia. Methods: Thirty-seven women with fibromyalgia were included, and thirteen with an average age of 59 ± 3, a BMI of 26 ± 3, and who were polymedicated started the intervention period. The intervention group performed aerobic exercise with blood flow restriction using occlusive bands placed in the upper part of the rectus femoris, with a total duration of 14 min of restriction divided into two periods of 7 min with a rest period of 3 min and a total session duration of 17 min. Pressure intensity was measured using the visual pain scale (VAS), scoring 7 out of 10 (n = 7). The non-intervention group performed aerobic exercise without restriction of blood flow for the same periods, rest periods, and total duration of the session (n = 6). The intervention included 2 weekly sessions with 72 h between aerobic walking for 9 weeks. Walking was measured individually using the rating of perceived exertion scale (RPE) with an intensity between 6 and 7 out of 10. Visual and verbal support for the VAS and RPE scale was always provided throughout the sessions supervised by the investigator. Functional capacity was assessed using tests (six-minute walk test, incremental shuttle walk test, knee extension and handgrip test by dynamometer, 30 s chair stand test, and timed up-and-go test). Symptomatology was assessed using questionnaires (Widespread Pain Index, Symptom Severity Score, Fibromyalgia Impact Questionnaire, and Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory), and blood samples were collected. Results: There were no adverse effects, and only one participant in the intervention group withdrew. Between-group and intragroup differences showed that the intervention group obtained improvements in the functional tests; CST p = 0.005; 6MWT p = 0.011; Handgrip p = 0.002; TUGT p = 0.002 with reduced impact of the disease according to the questionnaires; FIQ Stiffness p = 0.027 compared with the nonintervention group. Biochemical results remained within normal ranges in both groups. Conclusions: Blood flow-restricted aerobic training may be feasible, safe, and more effective than unrestricted aerobic training as a physical exercise prescription tool to improve cardiorespiratory fitness, strength, balance, and stiffness in women with fibromyalgia.