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En las últimas décadas, España ha experimentado un proceso gradual de sustitución de fuentes de energía no renovables, como los combustibles fósiles, por fuentes de energía renovable en el sector eléctrico. Ha habido un notable crecimiento en la capacidad de generación eólica, así como en instalaciones fotovoltaicas, termosolares y sistemas que utilizan biomasa y sus derivados. Las centrales termosolares con sistemas de almacenamiento son muy importantes para el sistema eléctrico debido a su capacidad para mejorar la estabilidad y fiabilidad de la red, ofrecer una fuente de energía limpia y sostenible, y proporcionar flexibilidad operativa. Su capacidad de almacenar energía térmica y generar electricidad durante las horas sin sol las hace especialmente valiosas para integrar más energías renovables en la red y reducir la dependencia de combustibles fósiles. El principal objetivo es el estudio y análisis del impacto del error óptico del heliostato en el diseño y en el rendimiento de captación en centrales termosolares de torre a través de diferentes tamaños de heliostatos. El diseño de la planta termosolar de torre se ha realizado tomando como emplazamiento la ciudad de Sevilla y con una producción bruta de 100 MW. Para dicho estudio, se ha utilizado el programa System Advisor Model (SAM), herramienta utilizada para dimensionar, optimizar y analizar los parámetros más característicos de la planta con el error óptico (image error). Se realizan diferentes simulaciones para estudiar el error óptico en cada una de las situaciones propuestas y encontrar en cada una la mayor rentabilidad. Estas simulaciones han consistido en mantener constante o modificar el campo de heliostatos, las dimensiones de la torre, el coste por metro cuadrado de heliostato y sus combinaciones entre ellas. Posteriormente, se procede a un análisis, comparación y conclusión de los datos obtenidos para cada tipo de tamaño de heliostato para estudiar cómo influye el rendimiento óptico en la rentabilid, In recent decades, Spain has experienced a gradual process of replacing non-renewable energy sources, such as fossil fuels, with renewable energy sources in the electricity sector. There has been notable growth in wind generation capacity, as well as in photovoltaic, solar thermal installations and systems that use biomass and its derivatives. Solar thermal power plants with storage systems are very important for the electrical system due to their ability to improve the stability and reliability of the grid, offer a clean and sustainable source of energy, and provide operational flexibility. Their ability to store thermal energy and generate electricity during sunless hours makes them especially valuable for integrating more renewable energy into the grid and reducing dependence on fossil fuels. The main objective is the study and analysis of the impact of the optical error of the heliostat design and optical performance in tower solar thermal power plants for different heliostat sizes. The design of the thermosolar tower plant has been carried out taking the city of Seville as a location and with a nominal gross production of 100 MW For this study, the System Advisor Model (SAM) program has been used, a tool used to size, optimize and analyze the most characteristic parameters of the plant with the optical error (image error). Different simulations are carried out to study the optical error in each of the proposed situations and find the highest profitability in each one. These simulations have consisted of maintaining constant or modifying the heliostat field, the dimensions of the tower, the cost per square meter of heliostat and their combinations between them. Subsequently, an analysis, comparison and conclusion of the data obtained for each type of heliostat size is carried out to study how optical performance influences the profitability of the solar thermal plant.

Este volumen reúne casi un centenar de contribuciones aportadas por especialistas de diversos ámbitos al 7th International Seminar on Organic Rankine Cycle Power Systems (ORC 2023), que se celebró en Sevilla entre el 4 y el 6 de septiembre de 2023 y fue organizado por la Universidad de Sevilla en colaboración con el Knowledge Centre on Organic Rankine Cycle Technology (KCORC). Se trata de un encuentro internacional de carácter bianual que se ha constituido en una cita fundamental para abordar los avances en tecnología ORC y, en un contexto más amplio, en la transición energética. En ella se coordinan fabricantes de equipos, asociaciones profesionales, usuarios, inversores, responsables políticos, académicos y científicos. Los trabajos englobados en este volumen cubren una amplia variedad temática: integración de sistemas, diseño de componentes, rendimiento termodinámico, eficiencia energética, entre otros. Como novedad, en esta edición de 2023 se aceptaron trabajos sobre la tecnología de las bombas de calor.

The article explores whether health professionals and other agents involved believe that the journalistic treatment of non-suicidal self-harm in minors is adequate, as well as whether there is a coincidence of opinions among the interviewees, and their statements are contrasted with the analysis of the news published in the press on this subject. The methodology used was the Delphi method, in which experts with 4 different profiles (psychologists, psychiatrists, pediatricians and social workers) were asked by means of a two-round questionnaire about the concept, profile and motives of self-harm and their opinion on the informative treatment in the media, networks and fiction series. The most relevant conclusions include the need to work more closely between the media and health professionals and to report on prevention and the search for help with a hopeful message, avoiding sensationalism., En este trabajo se recaban opiniones de profesionales de la salud y otros agentes sobre el tratamiento periodístico dado a las autolesiones no suicidas en menores y jóvenes. Se recurre al método Delphi en dos rondas, en las que se pregunta a expertos de cuatro especialidades diferentes (psicólogos, psiquiatras, pediatras y trabajadores sociales) sobre el concepto, perfil y motivos de las autolesiones en menores y su opinión sobre el tratamiento informativo. Posteriormente se contrastan sus afirmaciones con los resultados de un análisis previo de noticias publicadas en la prensa española (2012-2022). Se recaban también opiniones de profesionales de salud sobre el tratamiento dado en redes y series de ficción. Las principales conclusiones destacan la necesidad de trabajar de forma más estrecha entre los medios y los profesionales de la salud. Además, se señala la necesidad de informar desde la prevención y buscar ayuda con un mensaje esperanzador evitando el sensacionalismo., O artigo verifica se os profissionais de saúde e outros agentes envolvidos acreditam que o tratamento jornalístico das lesões autoprovocadas não suicidas em menores de idade é adequado, bem como se há coincidência de opiniões entre os entrevistados, e suas declarações são contrastadas com a análise das notícias publicadas na imprensa sobre o assunto. A metodologia utilizada foi o método Delphi, no qual especialistas com 4 perfis diferentes (psicólogos, psiquiatras, pediatras e assistentes sociais) foram questionados por meio de um questionário de duas rodadas sobre o conceito, o perfil e os motivos da automutilação e sua opinião sobre o tratamento informativo na mídia, redes e séries de ficção. As conclusões mais relevantes incluem a necessidade de trabalhar mais estreitamente entre a mídia e os profissionais de saúde e de informar sobre a prevenção e a busca de ajuda com uma mensagem de esperança, evitando o sensacionalismo. &nbsp, O artigo verifica se os profissionais de saúde e outros agentes envolvidos acreditam que o tratamento jornalístico das lesões autoprovocadas não suicidas em menores de idade é adequado, bem como se há coincidência de opiniões entre os entrevistados, e suas declarações são contrastadas com a análise das notícias publicadas na imprensa sobre o assunto. A metodologia utilizada foi o método Delphi, no qual especialistas com 4 perfis diferentes (psicólogos, psiquiatras, pediatras e assistentes sociais) foram questionados por meio de um questionário de duas rodadas sobre o conceito, o perfil e os motivos da automutilação e sua opinião sobre o tratamento informativo na mídia, redes e séries de ficção. As conclusões mais relevantes incluem a necessidade de trabalhar mais estreitamente entre a mídia e os profissionais de saúde e de informar sobre a prevenção e a busca de ajuda com uma mensagem de esperança, evitando o sensacionalismo. Traduzido com a versão gratuita do tradutor - www.DeepL.com/Translator

Este estudio consiste en un análisis de resultados de las evaluaciones inicial e intermedia realizada por los alumnos de la asignatura de ‘Didáctica de la Lengua para la Enseñanza Primaria. Hablar y leer para escribir’ del Máster de Didáctica de la Lengua Española para Educación Primaria. El curso está organizado por el IUIOGM y por el IGlobal a petición del INAFOCAM de la República Dominicana. Los resultados objeto de estudio corresponden a dos encuestas realizadas al principio y en la mitad de la asignatura. La primera consiste en un test inicial de cinco preguntas sobre su experiencia profesional, conocimientos previos y entorno docente. La segunda es un cuestionario de diez preguntas que se centra en su evaluación de los contenidos y materiales complementarios, métodos de evaluación; interacción con las docentes, tutorización y feedback; adecuación a sus prácticas diarias y recursos. Los objetivos de la investigación son: evaluar el curso piloto del máster para identificar cuestiones de mejora y conocer el contexto educativo dominicano de Educación Primaria. La metodología es cuantitativa y comparatista. Los resultados muestran que se han cumplido las previsiones de los organizadores y que se han cubierto las necesidades de los destinatarios de manera general. Como conclusiones se da cuenta de los aspectos más positivos de la asignatura y se analizan los puntos susceptibles de mejora.

In this paper we present the results of an innovative teaching experience carried out in the first year of Applied Language degree at the Universitat Pompeu Fabra. Within the methodological framework of prob lem-solving methodology and gamification, a team-teaching experience that involved a faculty teacher and a librarian was put into practice aiming to improve the use of ITC for bibliographical searching, as well as the familiarity with the library premises, staff, and library procedures. The format of the experience reported was a gymkhana, and the funding action was a competitive Placlik annual call 2021-22. Together with the gymkhana (which acted as treatment device), a multiple-choice pretest (before the gymkhana), and a posttest (given four weeks later), both on library procedures and bibliographical searching, were administered to the same group of students of Spanish Language (N=37). A pilot study was conducted previously to test the adequacy of items to FTCL first year students’ profile (N=29). Quantitative results obtained from the comparison of pretest and post-test show a significant improvement after the gymkhana. Qualitative results obtained from a peer-podcast task which was part of the evaluation procedures of the course also revealed a positive assessment of the experience by students.

En este trabajo finsl de grado se presenta una posible solución a al consumo de energía eléctrica a través de fuentes de combustibles fosiles. Esta solución que planteamos es el uso de convertidores de energía undimotriz en energía eléctrica para ele autoconsumo de una instalación depuradora de aguacentrado solo en el consumos de la instalación de ósmosis inversa para satisfacer su producción de agua. También decir que nuestra instalación de ósmosis inversa se usará no para la desalación de agua, ya que, como expongo en los siguientes capítulos, al seleccionar la ubicación nos damos cuenta que nos interesa más que sea una instalación de tratamiento de aguas residuales. Los cálculos energéticos de la producción de energía eléctrica se han realizado en todas las ubicaciones para tres convertidores del poryecto Reference Model Project, para los modelos RM3, RM5 y RM6. Luego en las ubicaciones con mayor producción de energía eléctrica se han realizado cálculos para escalarlos y que se adapte mejor a la zona. Para la estimación de los consumo de la instalación de ósmsosis inversa se ha usado el programa comercial de IMS Design de la empresa Hydranautics para poder realizar un prediseño de nuestra instalación. Este esudio es un análisis energético para ver si se podría usar este tipo de convertidores para alimentar una instalación purificadora de agua de este estilo., This Final Degree Project shows a possible solution to the consumption of electrical energy through fossil fuel sources. The solution that is proposed is the use of Wave Energy Converters (WEC) for the self consumption of a water purification plant, focused only on the consumption of the reverse osmosis plant to satisfy its water production. Also it is important to specify that our reverse osmosis installation will be used not for water desalination, as we will see in the following chapters, when selecting the location we are more interested in it being a tertiary treatment of waste water. The calculations of the electric energy production have been carried out at all locations for three converters of the Reference Model Project, for the RM3, RM5 and RM6 models. Then, in the locations with the highest energy production, we have made calculations to scale them up and make it better suited to this area already mentionated. For the estimation of the consumption of the reverse osmosis installation, we have been used the commercial program of IMS Design of the company Hydranautics to make the calculation necessary to make a predesign of our installation. This study is an energy analysis to see if this type of converters could be used to power a water purifying installation of this kind.

Past work by the authors has suggested that Solar micro Gas Turbines (SmGTs) can be used cost-effectively to produce electric power and heat for freshwater production through desalination, mainly in off-grid locations. This is further studied in this work, providing an exhaustive modelling procedure and methodology. Additionally, a comprehensive analysis of system performance under both design and part-load conditions is provided along with the complete set of characteristics of the components of the SmGT and the desalination unit. To this end, the SmGT is assessed first, incorporating innovative solutions that enable better off-design performance: Variable Inlet Guide Vanes (VIGVs) in the compressor and Variable Nozzle Guide Vanes (VNGVs) in the turbine. The implementation of these features brings significant advantages in part-load operation, leading to a considerable increase in solar-to-electric efficiency and rangeability, particularly under certain ambient conditions; in particular, using these features yields 5% higher efficiency at the minimum load of the original engine (without variable geometry) and, from this load setting downwards, 15% lower minimum stable load is enabled. Furthermore, a sensitivity analysis to control strategies and ambient conditions has been included, exploring their impact on system performance. The water treatment system is comprised of two elements. A Reverse Osmosis (RO) desalination unit is driven by the electric power produced by the SmGT. Considering the emphasis on flexibility and part-load operation enhancement addressed in this work, a moderate recovery rate is proposed for this unit. The RO unit produces brine with high salt concentration to be partially treated further in a Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) unit driven by the exhaust gases of the microturbine (at about 250–300 °C), where the sensible heat of this stream is harvested by the ZLD unit to “dry” and concentrate the effluent. Finally, the potential and the operationa

Past work by the authors has suggested that Solar micro Gas Turbines (SmGTs) can be used cost-effectively to produce electric power and heat for freshwater production through desalination, mainly in off-grid locations. This is further studied in this work, presenting a detailed description of system performance at design and part-load conditions, as well as the characteristics of the components of the SmGT and the desalination unit. To this end, the SmGT is assessed first, considering techniques that achieve a greater off-design performance such as incorporating Variable Inlet Guide Vanes (VIGVs) at the compressor inlet, and including the sensitivity to control strategies and ambient conditions, exploring their expectedly very negative impact on the SmGT performance. Water treatment system is comprised of two elements. A Reverse Osmosis desalination unit is driven by the electric power produced by the SmGT. This produces brine with high salt concentration to be partially treated further in a Zero Liquid Discharge (ZLD) unit driven by the exhaust gases of the microturbine (at about 250-300ºC), where the sensible heat of this stream is harvested by the ZLD unit to “dry” and concentrate the effluent. Finally, the potential and the operational limitations of the ZLD system are discussed, supplemented by an experimental proof of concept where its feasibility was verified.