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A Condition-Based Maintenance (CBM) é uma estratégia de manutenção voltada para o estabelecimento de programas de monitoramento de condição. O monitoramento das variáveis de estado do sistema e o conhecimento das assinaturas de comportamento padrão e de falhas do equipamento, são aspectos fundamentais na aplicação da CBM. A capacidade de interpretação dessas informações é o ponto chave e possibilita a tomada de decisão de forma mais assertiva, visando atuação dentro das estratégias de mantenabilidade de forma a harmonizar os desempenhos desejados de confiabilidade e disponibilidade dos sistemas. Nesse sentido, este artigo tem como objetivo analisar a literatura sobre o conceito de mantenabilidade e suas principais abordagens, bem como sobre métodos para a definição de regras de interpretação para auxílio à tomada de decisão com base na condição de operação. Para isso, foi utilizada a metodologia revisão sistemática da literatura (RSL), operacionalizada pelo método proposto por Morandi e Camargo (2015). Como resultado, foram identificados os principais constructos relacionados às regras de interpretação, tomada de decisão e mantenabilidade dentro da abordagem CBM, visando auxiliar as empresas e a área de manutenção a melhorar seus processos internos para construção das regras para executar a CBM.

O blowout preventer (bop) é uma barreira fundamental na segurança das operações de perfuração e completação de poços que requer a disponibilidade e a confiabilidade como fatores que devem ser gerenciados com eficiência. Entretanto, estudos demonstram que o equipamento ainda apresenta um elevado índice de falhas e tempo de indisponibilidade, sendo a válvula reguladora de pressão um dos principais componentes responsáveis por este problema. Sendo assim, o objetivo da pesquisa é desenvolver uma modelagem matemática para construção de um simulador da dinâmica da reguladora, a fim de dar suporte à implementação de estudos de manutenção baseada em condição (cbm). Seis principais etapas foram adotadas com o intuito de alcançar o objetivo do trabalho. Análise de mecanismos da física de funcionamento do componente e a identificação de parâmetros operacionais na literatura foram necessárias, bem como a modelagem e simulação computacional desenvolvida no software simulink/matlab. Os resultados alcançados nessa etapa de projeto foram aderentes à literatura, representado pelos perfis de curva de carga de pressão, velocidade e deslocamento do mecanismo de controle de fluxo. As avaliações demonstram potencial uso para auxiliar futuras análises de cenários de falhas e obter informações para implementar cbm em componentes hidráulicos do conjunto bop.

Após o acidente do Blowout de Macondo, no Golfo do México, que culminou com o afundamento da plataforma Deepwater Horizon e a morte de 11 pessoas, a legislação que envolve a segurança de poço passou a sofrer mudanças, em especial as relacionadas com Blowout Preventer (BOP). O BOP é um equipamento essencial para a segurança da perfuração, completação e intervenção do poço. Tem como função conter os fluidos da formação, com ou sem ferramentas em seu interior. Para isso, conta com corpo e conectores resistentes a pressão, bem como preventores capazes de vedar e fechar o poço mediante a necessidade. A fim de garantir seu bom funcionamento, o BOP é submetido a políticas de testes durante toda a sua vida útil. Estes testes permitem antever alguns modos de falha e, com isso, prevenir a sua ocorrência em momento indesejável durante a operação. Diferentes políticas de teste são propostas por normas internacionais, tais como API 53, BSEE 250.537 e NORSOK D-010. Dada a sua relação com a disponibilidade do BOP durante a operação, é de interesse avaliar o impacto da frequência de teste no desempenho deste equipamento. Uma limitação notável das abordagens atualmente utilizadas para avaliação de risco nas operações com BOP reside na ausência de dinamicidade destes modelos, o que limita a sua aplicação para a consideração de eventos temporais como testes e manutenções. Com o intuito de avançar na direção de avaliar o impacto da frequência de testes na disponibilidade do BOP, este trabalho aplica um modelo markoviano multifásico, apropriado para lidar com as características dinâmicas necessárias. Como objeto de aplicação, será analisado um circuito de acionamento de um preventor anular.

Residues from management activities of fruit growing can be an important source of biomass for energy generation. The aim of this study was to determine the potential use of apple pruning residues for energy generation as process steam or power energy. To this end, branches from the pruning of commercial apple orchards have been evaluated in the Santa Catarina State, Brazil. To compare with the traditional biomass used for energetic purposes, particles of Pinus sp. from the industrial timber processing have also been analysed. Homogeneous pellets of the two types of biomass were produced, and three more mixes containing the two raw materials were made. Pellets have been evaluated according to their physical and energetic properties. The results have been compared to the ISO 17,225-2 Standard. Apple pruning residues have the potential for energy generation in boilers, that is, for the production of process steam and electric power. Their potential can vary from 12,649.54 MWh y−1 to 115,442.44 MWh y−1. The physical and energetic properties varied between the analysed residues, except the gross calorific value (19.69 MJ kg−1 for pine wood particles and 20.27 MJ kg−1 for apple pruning). Comparing with the pine wood (87 kg m−3), the apple pruning (141 kg m−3) has a higher amount of biomass per unit volume processed for energy and less residence time in the burning systems (17.54% fixed carbon for apple pruning and 18.91% fixed carbon for pine wood). However, it generates more wastes (ashes) after burning (3.25% for apple pruning and 0.46% for pine wood). The pellets’ energy density increased by 3.35 times the energy density of the apple pruning particles after pelletizing. The homogeneous apple pruning pellets can only be applied to industrial use (I3), mainly because of its high ash content (2.27%). The pine wood with apple pruning mix used for pellet production reduces the ash content and increases the bulk density and energy density, which improves the quality of the pellets.

O simpósio de engenharia de produção (simpep) promove o congresso e as discussões de novos conhecimentos e abordagens administrativas. Desde o ano de 2007, o simpep passou a contar com área temática específica para registro de pesquisas na área de gestão de sistemas de produção, o que reforça o interesse em pesquisa nessa área. O objetivo do presente estudo é examinar o perfil dos artigos científicos divulgados no simpep, cujo tema está relacionado à gestão de sistemas de produção e operações no período de 2017 a 2021. O presente estudo bibliométrico se caracteriza como bibliográfico, de abordagem quantitativa e com objetivo de ser uma pesquisa descritiva. Dentre os principais resultados, foram identificados 191 trabalhos publicados que apresentam relação com a área de gestão da produção e operações no período. Foi observado a predominância de autores do sexo masculino, de instituições públicas e de artigos feitos em parceria advindos da região sudeste do país como os que mais publicam. O ano de 2020 se destaca com mais de 60 artigos publicados sobre o tema no congresso. Dentre os temas mais abordados, destaca-se o lean manufacturing, com utilização de estudos de casos em indústrias e empresas.

The aciculated dry branches of Araucaria angustifolia when arranged in the native fields constitute an animal health problem for the extensive livestock activity. Pinus wood residues, widely used in the forest-based industry in southern Brazil, are the main raw material for the production of pellets, both in Brazil and in the world. Thus, the analysis of the production of pellets with these two raw materials can be an alternative for the sustainable use of these residues. Therefore, the objective of this work was to characterize energetically the aciculated dry branches of Araucaria,comparing them with the properties of Pinus, and the pellets obtained from different mixtures of these two types of biomass. The qualitative parameters were framed in ISO 17225-2 for in order to determine the best energy application of pellets. The physical, chemical and energetic properties were determined in the Pinus particles and aciculated dry branches, in natura form. Pellets with the proportions of 0: 100%; 25: 75%; 50: 50%, 75: 25%, and 100: 0% Pinus: aciculated dry branches were produced in a flat matrix pilot pelletizer. The physical and energetic properties of the pellets were determined and compared with the parameters of ISO 17225-2. In the in natura form, the wood of Pinus and the aciculated dry branches presented different energetic potential, influencing in the quality of the pellets obtained with these raw materials. The pellets obtained from the biomass mixture had better quality than the homogeneous pellets. The homogeneous pellets of the pine or aciculated dry branches did not fully meet any of the use categories of ISO 17225-2, while the pellets produced from the mixtures presented potential for domestic use and in the comercial applications.

Strategic Planning Alignment of all company organizational units facilitates a systemic holistic vision that favors efficient management. Thus, identifying each organizational unit’s contribution is an essential step toward strengthening integration among Brazilian regulatory agencies on a vast set of different regulatory objects. This article addresses the Strategic Planning Realignment of a Brazilian regulatory agency from 2020 to 2030, by presenting a Voting Method, based on an Analytical Hierarchical Process for weighting and ranking projects linked to the strategic objectives of said agency. As a result, a high adherence to priorities (over 60%) arising from the hierarchical choice of Board of Directors for a strategic monitoring of projects and a high adherence of participants to the methodology (over 60%), denotes the concern with strategic effort selection.

Dissertação de mestrado em Matemática e Computação, End-User Analytics centra-se na análise dos dados do comportamento dos utilizadores e da interação com as respetivas máquinas. A Fujitsu tem vindo a investir bastante em End-User Analytics com o objetivo de ajudar as empresas a transitar para soluções mais digitais, através da análise de dados do comportamento operacional obtidos nas máquinas dos seus clientes. Para tal, a Fujitsu disponibiliza numa única plataforma a recolha de dados de várias fontes em tempo-real, incluindo dados sobre licenças, sobre os utilizadores e as aplicações envolvidas. Este software consegue detetar erros e paragens de aplicações, distinguir problemas de utilizadores únicos de problemas mais globais, assim como identificar comportamentos ou aplicações de risco. Os pontos descritos anteriormente, em conjunto com o potencial atual de recolha de enormes quantidades de dados através das máquinas das empresas, impulsionaram a Fujitsu a expandir o tema de End-User Analytics a outras áreas, utilizando abordagens e métodos mais automatizados como, por exemplo, a utilização de técnicas de Machine Learning. Nesta dissertação, foram exploradas abordagens analíticas de forma a encontrar padrões que potenciem a experiência dos utilizadores e respetivas máquinas, juntamente com as métricas associadas aos dados, incluindo métricas que permitam avaliar o desempenho dessa experiência. A análise também incidiu sobre um conjunto de dados exemplo proveniente da plataforma da empresa Nexthink. Estes dados não permitiram uma análise direta da experiência dos utilizadores mas, mesmo assim, foi explorada uma abordagem indireta. Os resultados obtidos não permitiram uma boa análise preditiva dos eventos associados às máquinas. No entanto, foi realizada uma abordagem de monitorização com base nos dados, que sugere conjuntos de máquinas (ou outros atributos destas) no qual a empresa em questão se deve focar de forma a isolar a maioria problemas encontrados. Esta abordagem deu ainda origem a uma aplicação de monitorização., End-User Analytics focuses on the analysis of user behavior data and their interaction with the respective machines. Fujitsu has invested heavily in End-User Analytics to help companies move towards more digital solutions by analyzing the operational behavior data obtained on their customers' machines. To this end, Fujitsu provides a single platform for the gathering of data from various sources in real-time, including data on licenses, users and the applications involved. This software is able to detect errors and application issues, distinguish single user problems from more global ones, as well as identify risky behaviors or applications. The points described above, together with the current potential to collect huge amounts of data through company machines, have driven Fujitsu to expand the subject of End-User Analytics to other areas, using more automated approaches and methods such as the use of Machine Learning techniques. In this dissertation, analytical approaches were explored in order to find patterns that enhance the experience of users and their machines, together with the metrics associated with the data, including metrics that allow the performance of that experience to be evaluated. The analysis also focused on a set of example data from the Nexthink platform. This data did not allow for a direct analysis of the user experience, but nevertheless an indirect analysis was explored. The results obtained did not lead to a good predictive analysis of the events associated with the machines. However, a monitoring approach based on the data was carried out, which suggests sets of machines (or other attributes of these) on which the company in question should focus on in order to isolate the majority of problems encountered. This approach has also led to a monitoring application.

The Brazilian carnival samba schools' parade is one of the biggest popular shows in the planet, currently considered a Brazilian mark. Yearly, each carnival association makes a new carnival, building complex structures of floats and costumes in a short period. Although, the costume production scheduling is still performed manually. The purpose of this work is to propose different heuristic solutions for the addressed problem, based on the metaheuristics VNS, GRASP and Simulated Annealing and in hybrid versions of these metaheuristics. In addition to these heuristics, another innovative contribution is a mixed linear integer programming model proposed for the problem. Computational experiments highlight the efficiency of hybrid VNS heuristics, with emphasis on the VNS-GRASP that combines the strategy of multiple restarts of GRASP with the flexibility of VNS search.

The sensibility originated by the Blowout Preventer (BOP) theme, due to all attention gathered after the Macondo event, established a high level of requirements from regulatory agencies, clients and Drilling Contractors themselves. Based on these pillars, the concept of reliability has been constantly applied in the oil industry, especially in the Well Safety and Control System, where it is extremely important for the equipment to be reliable and operational when required. In parallel, the Condition Based Maintenance (CBM) and Prognostic Health Management (PHM) concepts, widely used in critical industries, which require high reliability levels, are being pointed out as the future for the BOP system management. Within this context, the purpose of this paper is to review the literature on Condition Based Maintenance and Prognostic Health Management, integrated with reliability concepts, and to enable them to be applied in the BOP health management. The paper identifies different concepts needed to support the main theme and, through research and selection criteria, it brings together a set of publications to obtain consistent theoretical framework. This research outlines important techniques used in high reliability industries and the way they can be applied on the BOP system and it also provides many useful references and case studies to assist on further development works in terms of well control and operational safety.

The aim of this study was to analyse the quality of briquettes produced with different proportions of rice husk, rice straw and rice husk ash. The waste of rice production chain was collected in the harvest of 2015, in the state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. The properties evaluated were moisture content, basic density, bulk density, particle size, gross calorific value and proximate analysis on the rice husk, rice straw and rice husk ash. Moreover, the extractives and acid insoluble lignin content in the rice husk and rice straw in natura were analysed. The briquettes were produced in a laboratory with an hydraulic briquette machine, at a temperature of 120 °C and a Bar pressure of 95. The briquettes had the following compositions: rice husk (100%), rice straw (100%), rice husk (75%) with rice straw (25%), rice husk (25%) with rice straw (75%), rice husk (30%) with rice straw (60%) and rice husk ash (10%), rice husk (90%) with rice husk ash (10%), and finally, rice straw (90%) with rice husk ash (10%). The properties determined in the briquettes were moisture content, bulk density, gross calorific value and proximate analysis. Rice wastes have the potential for energy use in the form of briquettes. Without prior treatment for the rice husk, the rice straw should be grounded, dried and the rice husk ash collected before passing through the burners. The briquette that showed the best physical properties was composed of 30% of rice husk, 60% of rice straw and 10% of rice husk ash. The inclusion of rice straw in the mixes increased the bulk density, and the addition of ash increased the compression strength of the briquettes. The particle size had a greater influence than the basic density of the waste in the physical properties of the briquettes. Due to energetic properties, the inclusion of rice straw improved the quality of briquettes. The briquette with the best energy quality was the homogeneous rice straw briquette, followed by mixtures with higher proportions of rice straw.

Polymers have been extensively applied in the industry, especially in energy system e.g. due to their good processability and insulation properties. However, all polymers are permeable in different extent, which requires a good knowledge about the process of permeation through these materials. In this study the moisture dynamics of four different surge arresters were studied in several ways,—at first by analysing the moisture diffusion properties of the housing polymers and finally by testing the full arrester structures against moisture ingress. Housing polymer composites were evaluated using thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry while the polymers’ ability to withstand moisture diffusion was studied by water vapor transmission rate measurements. Moisture ingress behavior of the full surge arresters was examined by daily measurements of internal resistive leakage current along 30 days immersion test. Although correlations were found between the material composition and the diffusivity through the polymer, the moisture dynamic is deemed to be much more complex in the full surge arrester. Moisture permeation through separate housing material samples was typically high compared to internal leakage current formed in real arresters which highlights the main conclusion drawn,—internal structures and long term quality of interfaces are the key issues in preventing moisture induced degradation in metal oxide surge arresters.

Esse artigo apresenta a concepção, o processo de desenvolvimento e os resultados operacionais iniciais do projeto de um sistema energeticamente eficiente e de baixo custo para o tratamento natural de efluentes domésticos. O objetivo do projeto era o de desenvolver um sistema para o tratamento, reuso e a reciclagem da água consumida em um típico domicílio brasileiro, que usa os próprios micro-organismos encontrados nos efluentes no processo, sem demanda de aditivos químicos. O sistema é projetado para funcionar com baixo custo operacional, de manutenção e de consumo energético. Como método, foi empregada uma versão simplificada da proposição de Ulrich e Eppinger (2015) para o desenvolvimento de novos produtos, avançando até a fase de testes e refinamentos. Iniciado em 2015, o projeto atualmente já concluiu as primeiras etapas do desenvolvimento, possuindo um protótipo funcional capaz de tratar cerca de quatro mil litros de efluentes por dia, com resultados promissores comprovados por meio de análises laboratoriais. Como resultados, tanto o desempenho individual de cada módulo, assim como também o desempenho global do sistema, são apresentados e discutidos à luz do planejamento e das especificações iniciais. O artigo é concluído argumentando-se que o sistema é promissor, constituindo-se numa efetiva prova de conceito para o projeto.

Highlights: The prevalence of Research and Development (R&D) as an inducing factor for innovation has been questioned, and studies show that low-tech companies are able to innovate. Innovation capability is essential to increase productivity and improve competitiveness. However, when formal R&D is considered as the main parameter in its evaluation, it tends to underestimate it. The extent and heterogeneity of studies on innovation in non-R&D practitioners is a relevant problem and, despite theoretical and empirical advances, it is not satisfactorily resolved yet. Goal: This article presents a reference model for innovation capability maturity in low-technology, non-R&D performing companies, oriented to guide decision makers and the institutions supporting these organizations. Design / Methodology / Approach: The method used to construct the model is based on the proposition of Ahlemann and Gastl (2007) for the construction of reference models based on empirical evidence. Results: The model is based on ten organizational dimensions and their effects on the organization's performance. Five maturity levels are defined, synthesizing the fundamental characteristics of innovation capability in non-R&D practitioners or low technology companies. Limitations of the investigation: Although the model has been tested and validated, more applications and tests may still be required. Practical implications: The model is an important tool for decision-making, at the management level, in low-tech companies that aspire to broaden their innovation capability. Originality / Value: The model has significant potential academic repercussions, in terms of the expansion of knowledge, as well as for the industry, since it can contribute to the increase of the competitive performance of companies.

Goal: This article presents an analysis of the validity and reliability of the assessment instrument used in the 2016–2017 Brazilian Innovation Award. Design/Methodology/Approach: This study used multivariate analysis techniques on the data from 2,651 companies. Two hypotheses were tested. The first (H1), related to reliability, used Pearson’s Correlation and Cronbach’s alpha. The second hypothesis (H2), related to validity, used Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). Results: The instrument is reliable and valid and is an important mechanism for the assessment of the maturity of innovation management. Limitations of the investigation: One of the constructs can still be improved in future studies and applications, although it has demonstrated acceptable levels of reliability and validity. Practical implications: The combined use of the constructs “organizational dimensions” and “innovation outcomes” proved to be an accurate conceptual model for assessing the maturity level of innovation management in organizations. Originality/Value: The instrument is a robust diagnostic instrument and, with appropriate adaptations, it can be replicated and used in other contexts and countries, providing international comparative studies.