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1. Etude par les isozymes de la pollinisation libre de génotypes d'hévéas sauvages (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.) en verger à graines

Author

Clément-Demange A., Fanjavola M., N'Guetta ASP., Lidah YJ., and Rodier GM.

Subjects
Hevea brasiliensis, open pollination, seeds orchard, mating system, outcrossing, genetic diversity, Biotechnology, TP248.13-248.65, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

Survey of the open pollination by isozymes in a wild rubber trees (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.) seeds orchard. The Côte dʼIvoire has a wild rubber tree population for which an improvement in a seeds orchard is suggested by open pollination. The isozymes markers (5 loci) were applied to study the open pollination in a rubber tree seed orchard in 1998 and 1999. The results confirmed the allogamic character of the rubber tree. On the period of the survey (1998 and 1999), the outcrossing rate estimated to 0.97 and 0.96 varies weakly between the two years. The high level of the outcrossing rate show that pollinations are realized between trees of different genotypes. The fixation index (FIS) decrease from the parental population to the descendantʼs one where it is not significantly different from zero. So crossings are panmictics, and the fertilizations between the related trees are practically inexistent. The rate of self-fertilization is mostly due to the real self-fertilizations between the ovuls and the pollen coming from the same origin. Thus, considering the results, the pollination in the seeds orchard would be favorable to the realization of substantial genetic progress in the wild rubber trees population.

Published
2006

2. Contribution Paternelle De Genotypes Sauvages d\'Hevea (Hevea brasiliensis Muell. Arg.) En Pollinisation Libre Dans Un Verger A Graines

Author

Lidah, YJ, N'Guetta, AS, Rodier, GM, Andre, C, and Seguin, M

Subjects
Hevea brasiliensis, système de reproduction, verger à graines, pollinisation libre, contribution
Abstract

La Côte-d\'Ivoire dispose d\'une collection d\'hévéas sauvages structurée en deux groupes génétiques: AM1 et AM2. L\'intégration de cette collection dans la stratégie de création variétale est envisagée par pollinisation libre dans des vergers à graines. Pour comprendre le brassage génétique au sein de cette collection, la contribution paternelle de 50 génotypes greffés en verger à graines a été étudiée à l\'aide de 8 loci microsatellites à travers l\'analyse de la paternité sur 2 années successives. L\'étude a montré un brassage génétique déséquilibré entre les génotypes issus de la collection d\'hévéas sauvages. La majorité des génotypes a très faiblement participé à la pollinisation. Sur les deux années, leur contribution paternelle a varié de 0,21 à 22,7 %. Cependant, 4 génotypes ont dominé particulièrement la pollinisation avec une contribution paternelle cumulée d\'au moins 40 %. La contribution paternelle a été variable entre les génotypes, et également entre les groupes AM1 et AM2. Le régime de reproduction de la collection sauvage est donc non panmictique. Aucune variation inter-annuelle de la contribution paternelle des génotypes à la pollinisation a été observée. Ce qui dénote d\'une caractéristique clonale de ce facteur.The ivoirian rubber breeding program has a collection of wild genotypes structured in two genetic groups: AM1 and AM2. The use of this wild collection for cloning purposes is considered through open pollination in seeds orchard. To assess the genetic brewing within this collection, the paternal contribution of 50 genotypes transplanted in a seeds orchard, has been studied with 8 microsatellites loci through paternity analysis in 2 years successively. Thie study shows that genetic brewing was unbalance within the collection of wild rubber trees. Nearly all the genotypes, participated very weakly in the pollination process. During the two years, their paternal contribution varied from 0.21 to 22.7 %. However, 4 genotypes, particularly dominated the pollination process. Their cumulated paternal contribution was estimated at 40 % for the least. The paternal contribution was very variable between both genotypes and AM1 and AM2 genetic groups. Thus, the reproduction system of the wild rubber tree collection is no panmictic. No Inter annual variation of the genotypes paternal contribution occured. Thus, paternal contribution appear to be a clonal characteristic of rubber tree species Keywords: Hevea brasiliensis, système de reproduction, verger à graines, pollinisation libre, contribution paternelle, Côte-d\'IvoireAgronomie Africaine Vol. 19 (2) 2007: pp. 137-150

Published
2009

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