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215 results on '"Roche, Hélène"'

1. Lokalalei, West Turkana, Kenya

Author

Harmand, Sonia, Roche, Hélène, Lewis, Jason, Beyin, Amanuel, editor, Wright, David K., editor, Wilkins, Jayne, editor, and Olszewski, Deborah I., editor

Published
2023
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5. A Pleistocene palaeovegetation record from plant wax biomarkers from the Nachukui Formation, West Turkana, Kenya

Author

Uno, Kevin T, Polissar, Pratigya J, Kahle, Emma, Feibel, Craig, Harmand, Sonia, Roche, Hélène, and deMenocal, Peter B

Subjects
Animals, Archaeology, Biodiversity, Biological Evolution, Biomarkers, Carbon Isotopes, Ecosystem, Fossils, Hominidae, Kenya, Paleontology, Plants, leaf wax, carbon isotope, pedogenic carbonate, hominin palaeoenvironment, Acheulean tools, Biological Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Evolutionary Biology
Abstract

Reconstructing vegetation at hominin fossil sites provides us critical information about hominin palaeoenvironments and the potential role of climate in their evolution. Here we reconstruct vegetation from carbon isotopes of plant wax biomarkers in sediments of the Nachukui Formation in the Turkana Basin. Plant wax biomarkers were extracted from samples from a wide range of lithologies that include fluvial-lacustrine sediments and palaeosols, and therefore provide a record of vegetation from diverse depositional environments. Carbon isotope ratios from biomarkers indicate a highly dynamic vegetation structure (ca 5-100% C4 vegetation) from 2.3 to 1.7 Ma, with an overall shift towards more C4 vegetation on the landscape after about 2.1 Ma. The biomarker isotope data indicate ca 25-30% more C4 vegetation on the landscape than carbon isotope data of pedogenic carbonates from the same sequence. Our data show that the environments of early Paranthropus and Homo in this part of the Turkana Basin were primarily mixed C3-C4 to C4-dominated ecosystems. The proportion of C4-based foods in the diet of Paranthropus increases through time, broadly paralleling the increase in C4 vegetation on the landscape, whereas the diet of Homo remains unchanged. Biomarker isotope data associated with the Kokiselei archaeological site complex, which includes the site where the oldest Acheulean stone tools to date were recovered, indicate 61-97% C4 vegetation on the landscape.This article is part of the themed issue 'Major transitions in human evolution'.

Published
2016

15. 3.3-million-year-old stone tools from Lomekwi 3, West Turkana, Kenya

Author

Harmand, Sonia, Lewis, Jason E., Feibel, Craig S., Lepre, Christopher J., Prat, Sandrine, Lenoble, Arnaud, Boës, Xavier, Quinn, Rhonda L., Brenet, Michel, Arroyo, Adrian, Taylor, Nicholas, Clément, Sophie, Daver, Guillaume, Brugal, Jean-Philip, Leakey, Louise, Mortlock, Richard A., Wright, James D., Lokorodi, Sammy, Kirwa, Christopher, Kent, Dennis V., and Roche, Hélène

Subjects
Stone implements -- Natural history, Environmental issues, Science and technology, Zoology and wildlife conservation
Abstract

Human evolutionary scholars have long supposed that the earliest stone tools were made by the genus Homo and that this technological development was directly linked to climate change and the spread of savannah grasslands. New fieldwork in West Turkana, Kenya, has identified evidence of much earlier hominin technological behaviour. We report the discovery of Lomekwi 3, a 3.3-million-year-old archaeological site where in situ stone artefacts occur in spatiotemporal association with Pliocene hominin fossils in a wooded palaeoenvironment. The Lomekwi 3 knappers, with a developing understanding of stone%apos;s fracture properties, combined core reduction with battering activities. Given the implications of the Lomekwi 3 assemblage for models aiming to converge environmental change, hominin evolution and technological origins, we propose for it the name 'Lomekwian%apos;, which predates the Oldowan by 700,000 years and marks a new beginning to the known archaeological record., Author(s): Sonia Harmand (corresponding author) [1, 2, 3]; Jason E. Lewis (corresponding author) [1, 3, 4]; Craig S. Feibel [3, 4, 5]; Christopher J. Lepre [3, 5, 6]; Sandrine Prat [...]

Published
2015
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16. First plasma exposure of a pre-damaged ITER-like plasma-facing unit in the WEST tokamak: procedure for the PFU preparation and lessons learned

Author

Richou, Marianne, primary, Corre, Yann, additional, Loewenhoff, Thorsten, additional, Diez, Mathilde, additional, Martin, Céline, additional, Aretz, Anke, additional, Coenen, Jann Willem, additional, Firdaouss, Mehdi, additional, Giacometti, Gregory, additional, Grosjean, Alex, additional, Pintsuk, Gerald, additional, Roche, Hélène, additional, Spähn, Michael, additional, De Temmerman, Gregory, additional, Tsitrone, Emmanuelle, additional, Wirtz, Marius, additional, and WEST Team, the, additional

Published
2022
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17. Une sociologie des chevaux est-elle possible ? Obser vations conjointes d’un sociologue et d’une éthologue

Author

Régnier, Patrice and Roche, Hélène

Subjects
histoire animale, animaux, GTG, comportement social des animaux, SOC000000, Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary
Abstract

Cette étude traite des populations équines, notre spécialité commune. Patrice Régnier est sociologue et s’intéresse aux interactions humaines et anthropoéquines. Hélène Roche est éthologue, spécialisée dans l’éthologie appliquée et la vulgarisation scientifique du comportement équin. Elle s’attache à apporter des connaissances qui restent le plus souvent inaccessibles tant sur la forme que sur le fond pour les profanes. Cette collaboration permet d’alimenter nos réflexions sur les spécificité...

Published
2021

23. Croiser les sciences pour lire les animaux

Author

Baratay, Éric, Baron, Nicolas, Boissy, Alain, Boitard, Clotilde, Bovet, Dalila, Chandezon, Christophe, Clément, Jérémy, Clouzot e, Martine, Davoudi, Hossein, Delfour, Fabienne, Fages, Antoine, Fémelat, Armelle, Guizard, Fabrice, Jourde, Michel, Kohler, Florent, Kreutzer, Michel, Lainé, Nicolas, Leboucher, Gérard, Lesage, Augustin, Lumineau, Sophie, Macé, Matthias, Mashkour, Marjan, Ménard, Nelly, Mohaseb, Azadeh, Orlando, Ludovic, Porte, Emmanuel, Pouillard, Violette, Régnier, Patrice, Roche, Hélène, Rodrigues, Ana S., Souchard, Flora, Spruyt, Margaux, Trinquier, Jean, Vallat, François, and Baratay, Éric

Subjects
histoire animale, animaux, GTG, comportement social des animaux, SOC000000, Social Sciences, Interdisciplinary
Abstract

Plus aucune science ne peut penser les animaux à elle seule, ni prétendre pouvoir faire le tour de la question : pour mieux lire les animaux, il faut croiser les sciences. C’est devenu une évidence entre les différentes sciences de la nature, où des croisements ont déjà donné naissance à des hybrides devenus disciplines à part entière, telle l’écologie comportementale ; c’est aussi vrai entre les sciences humaines, qui ont investi, depuis quelques décennies, le versant humain des relations avec les animaux. Cet ouvrage propose un troisième croisement, novateur, difficile, car peu pensé, peu usité, entre les sciences dites « de la nature » et les sciences dites « humaines ». Il s’agit de montrer que les questions, les concepts et les méthodes de ces dernières peuvent apporter beaucoup à la connaissance des animaux eux-mêmes, à l’étude de leurs capacités qui sont de plus en plus reconnues comme étant riches et complexes. Il y a profit – et donc un besoin – à croiser les sciences de la vie – génétique, physiologie, éthologie, écologie, neurosciences – avec les sciences de l’homme – archéozoologie, histoire de l’art, histoire, littérature, anthropologie, sociologie, ethnologie – pour décrypter, saisir et penser davantage les animaux – en somme, passer sur le versant animal. Rassemblant des spécialistes de ces disciplines, ce livre s’adresse aux archéologues, aux historiens, aux géographes, aux littéraires, aux anthropologues, aux sociologues, aux philosophes, comme aux généticiens, aux zoologues, aux éthologues, aux écologues, aux vétérinaires. Et aux passionnés d’animaux.

Published
2020
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31. An earlier origin for the Acheulian

Author

Lepre, Christopher J., Roche, Hélène, Kent, Dennis V., Harmand, Sonia, Quinn, Rhonda L., Brugal, Jean-Philippe, Texier, Pierre-Jean, Lenoble, Arnaud, and Feibel, Craig S.

Published
2011
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32. Primate archaeology

Author

Haslam, Michael, Hernandez-Aguilar, Adriana, Ling, Victoria, Carvalho, Susana, de la Torre, Ignacio, DeStefano, April, Du, Andrew, Hardy, Bruce, Harris, Jack, Marchant, Linda, Matsuzawa, Tetsuro, McGrew, William, Mercader, Julio, Mora, Rafael, Petraglia, Michael, Roche, Hélène, Visalberghi, Elisabetta, and Warren, Rebecca

Published
2009
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35. Environmental changes at the root of human origins: mammalian and pedogenic carbonate isotopic evidence for the Mid-Pliocene Warm Period in the Turkana Basin

Author

Quinn, Rhonda L., E. Lewis, Jason, Brugal, Jean-Philip, Harmand, Sonia, Roche, Hélène, Seton Hall University, Laboratoire méditerranéen de préhistoire Europe-Afrique (LAMPEA), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Préhistoire et Technologie (PréTech), Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Brugal, Jean-Philip

Subjects
[SDU.STU.GC]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, [SDU.STU.GC] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Geochemistry, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2019

41. Testing the methodological utility of trace element analysis for detetecting dietary differences in fossil fauna from Turkana

Author

Ryder, C., Quinn, Rhonda L., Lewis, Jason, Brugal, Jean-Philip, Harmand, Sonia, Roche, Hélène, Manthi, Frederick Kyalo, Sponheimer, Matt, University of Colorado [Boulder], Seton Hall University, Stony Brook University [SUNY] (SBU), State University of New York (SUNY), Laboratoire méditerranéen de préhistoire Europe-Afrique (LAMPEA), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ministère de la Culture (MC), Préhistoire et Technologie (PréTech), Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), National Museums of Kenya, and Brugal, Jean-Philip

Subjects
[SHS.ANTHRO-SE] Humanities and Social Sciences/Social Anthropology and ethnology, [SDU.STU.PG] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, [SHS.ANTHRO-SE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Social Anthropology and ethnology, [SDU.STU.PG]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Paleontology, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2018

45. Naiyena Engol 2 (West Turkana, Kenya): a Case Study on Variability in the Oldowan

Author

Torre Sainz, Ignacio de la [0000-0002-1805-634X], Roche, Hélène, Torre Sainz, Ignacio de la, Arroyo, Adrián, Brugal, Jean-Philip, Harmand, Sonia, Torre Sainz, Ignacio de la [0000-0002-1805-634X], Roche, Hélène, Torre Sainz, Ignacio de la, Arroyo, Adrián, Brugal, Jean-Philip, and Harmand, Sonia

Abstract

[EN] Recent years have seen increasing interest in the study of Oldowan technological variability, and the observed inter-assemblage diversity has been attributed to a number of causes, including raw material availability, different hominin species, and cultural and diachronic variation. This paper explores technological variability through the study of Naiyena Engol 2, an Oldowan site dated at c.1.8–1.7 Ma and located in the Nachukui Formation of West Turkana, Kenya. Site formation processes, stratigraphic and taphonomic aspects of Naiyena Engol 2, are reported and are followed by a discussion of the lithic assemblage, focusing on flaking techniques and battering activities. Our results show important diversity of flaking techniques within the same assemblage, suggesting that lithic variability is not only an inter-site phenomenon but also may be found within single Oldowan sites. Additionally, the overall low flake productivity of Naiyena Engol 2 is in sharp contrast with patterns observed in other West Turkana assemblages such as Lokalalei 2, thus also supporting the existence of significant inter-assemblage variability during the Oldowan., [FR] Au cours des dernières années, l’intérêt pour les études de la variabilité technologique de l’Oldowayen s’est accru. La diversité inter-assemblage, maintes fois observée, est attribuée à différentes causes telles la disponibilité des matières premières, la diversité hominienne, ou encore les variations culturelles ou diachroniques. Cet article explore la variabilité technologique à travers l’étude du site Oldowayen de Naiyena Engol 2, qui appartient à la Formation de Nachukui et est daté entre 1.8 et 1.7 millions d’années. La stratigraphie, les principaux aspects taphonomiques et de formation du site et l’ensemble du matériel archéologique sont présentés, suivis par une discussion sur l’ensemble lithique, axée sur les techniques de taille et autres activités de percussion. Nos résultats montrent une importante diversité dans les techniques de taille, suggérant que la variabilité lithique n’est. pas seulement un phénomène inter-sites, mais peut aussi être mise en évidence dans un seul et même ensemble. De plus, la faible production d’éclats à Naiyena Engol contraste fortement avec celle observée dans d’autres sites–dont le site plus ancien de Lokalalei 2C–suggérant aussi une forte variabilité inter-assemblage au cours de l’Oldowayen.

Published
2018

47. Behavioural biology: Stones that could cause ripples

Author

Roche, Hélène

Subjects
Monkeys -- Behavior, Animal behavior -- Observations, Environmental issues, Science and technology, Zoology and wildlife conservation
Abstract

Author(s): Hélène Roche (corresponding author) [1] Of the non-human primates whose manipulative skills and tool use have been studied, capuchin monkeys (Sapajus libidinosus ) seem to be the most nimble. [...]

Published
2016
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