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555 results on '"Rocchetti P"'

1. Unveiling Transformer Perception by Exploring Input Manifolds

Author

Benfenati, Alessandro, Ferrara, Alfio, Marta, Alessio, Riva, Davide, and Rocchetti, Elisabetta

Subjects
Computer Science - Machine Learning, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence, Computer Science - Computation and Language, I.2.7, I.6.4
Abstract

This paper introduces a general method for the exploration of equivalence classes in the input space of Transformer models. The proposed approach is based on sound mathematical theory which describes the internal layers of a Transformer architecture as sequential deformations of the input manifold. Using eigendecomposition of the pullback of the distance metric defined on the output space through the Jacobian of the model, we are able to reconstruct equivalence classes in the input space and navigate across them. We illustrate how this method can be used as a powerful tool for investigating how a Transformer sees the input space, facilitating local and task-agnostic explainability in Computer Vision and Natural Language Processing tasks., Comment: 11 pages, 4 figures

Published
2024

6. First Measurement of $R(X_{\tau/\ell})$ as an Inclusive Test of the $b \to c \tau \nu$ Anomaly

Author

Belle II Collaboration, Adachi, I., Adamczyk, K., Aggarwal, L., Ahmed, H., Aihara, H., Akopov, N., Aloisio, A., Asner, D. M., Atmacan, H., Aushev, T., Aushev, V., Aversano, M., Babu, V., Bahinipati, S., Bambade, P., Banerjee, Sw., Bansal, S., Barrett, M., Baudot, J., Baur, A., Beaubien, A., Becherer, F., Becker, J., Bennett, J. V., Bernlochner, F. U., Bertacchi, V., Bertemes, M., Bertholet, E., Bessner, M., Bettarini, S., Bhuyan, B., Bianchi, F., Bilka, T., Bilokin, S., Biswas, D., Bobrov, A., Bodrov, D., Bolz, A., Bondar, A., Bozek, A., Bračko, M., Branchini, P., Briere, R. A., Browder, T. E., Budano, A., Bussino, S., Campajola, M., Cao, L., Casarosa, G., Cecchi, C., Cerasoli, J., Chang, M. -C., Chang, P., Cheema, P., Cheon, B. G., Chilikin, K., Chirapatpimol, K., Cho, H. -E., Cho, K., Cho, S. -J., Choi, S. -K., Choudhury, S., Corona, L., Cremaldi, L. M., Dattola, F., De La Cruz-Burelo, E., De La Motte, S. A., de Marino, G., De Nardo, G., De Nuccio, M., De Pietro, G., de Sangro, R., Destefanis, M., Dhamija, R., Di Canto, A., Di Capua, F., Dingfelder, J., Doležal, Z., Dong, T. V., Dorigo, M., Dort, K., Dreyer, S., Dubey, S., Dujany, G., Ecker, P., Eliachevitch, M., Epifanov, D., Feichtinger, P., Ferber, T., Ferlewicz, D., Fillinger, T., Finocchiaro, G., Fodor, A., Forti, F., Frey, A., Fulsom, B. G., Ganiev, E., Garcia-Hernandez, M., Garg, R., Gaudino, G., Gaur, V., Gaz, A., Gellrich, A., Ghevondyan, G., Ghosh, D., Ghumaryan, H., Giakoustidis, G., Giordano, R., Giri, A., Gobbo, B., Godang, R., Gogota, O., Goldenzweig, P., Gradl, W., Grammatico, T., Granderath, S., Graziani, E., Greenwald, D., Gruberová, Z., Gu, T., Gudkova, K., Halder, S., Han, Y., Hara, T., Hayashii, H., Hazra, S., Hearty, C., Hedges, M. T., Heidelbach, A., de la Cruz, I. Heredia, Villanueva, M. Hernández, Higuchi, T., Hoek, M., Hohmann, M., Horak, P., Hsu, C. -L., Humair, T., Iijima, T., Ipsita, N., Ishikawa, A., Itoh, R., Iwasaki, M., Jackson, P., Jacobs, W. W., Jaffe, D. E., Jang, E. -J., Jia, S., Jin, Y., Joo, K. K., Junkerkalefeld, H., Kalita, D., Kaliyar, A. B., Kandra, J., Kang, K. H., Karyan, G., Kawasaki, T., Keil, F., Kiesling, C., Kim, C. -H., Kim, D. Y., Kim, K. -H., Kim, Y. -K., Kinoshita, K., Kodyš, P., Koga, T., Kohani, S., Kojima, K., Korobov, A., Korpar, S., Kovalenko, E., Kowalewski, R., Kraetzschmar, T. M. G., Križan, P., Krokovny, P., Kuhr, T., Kulii, Y., Kumar, M., Kumara, K., Kunigo, T., Kuzmin, A., Kwon, Y. -J., Lacaprara, S., Lam, T., Lanceri, L., Lange, J. S., Laurenza, M., Leboucher, R., Diberder, F. R. Le, Lee, M. J., Levit, D., Lewis, P. M., Li, L. K., Li, Y., Li, Y. B., Libby, J., Liu, M., Liu, Q. Y., Liu, Z. Q., Liventsev, D., Longo, S., Lueck, T., Luo, T., Lyu, C., Ma, Y., Maggiora, M., Maharana, S. P., Maiti, R., Maity, S., Mancinelli, G., Manfredi, R., Manoni, E., Manthei, A. C., Mantovano, M., Marcantonio, D., Marcello, S., Marinas, C., Martel, L., Martellini, C., Martinov, T., Massaccesi, L., Masuda, M., Matsuda, T., Matsuoka, K., Matvienko, D., Maurya, S. K., McKenna, J. A., Mehta, R., Meier, F., Merola, M., Metzner, F., Milesi, M., Miller, C., Mirra, M., Miyabayashi, K., Miyake, H., Mizuk, R., Mohanty, G. B., Molina-Gonzalez, N., Mondal, S., Moneta, S., Moser, H. -G., Mrvar, M., Mussa, R., Nakamura, I., Nakao, M., Nakazawa, Y., Charan, A. Narimani, Naruki, M., Narwal, D., Natkaniec, Z., Natochii, A., Nayak, L., Nayak, M., Nazaryan, G., Niebuhr, C., Nishida, S., Ogawa, S., Ono, H., Onuki, Y., Oskin, P., Otani, F., Pakhlov, P., Pakhlova, G., Panta, A., Pardi, S., Park, H., Park, S. -H., Paschen, B., Passeri, A., Patra, S., Paul, S., Pedlar, T. K., Peschke, R., Pestotnik, R., Piccolo, M., Piilonen, L. E., Podesta-Lerma, P. L. M., Podobnik, T., Pokharel, S., Praz, C., Prell, S., Prencipe, E., Prim, M. T., Purwar, H., Rados, P., Raeuber, G., Raiz, S., Rauls, N., Reif, M., Reiter, S., Ripp-Baudot, I., Rizzo, G., Robertson, S. H., Rocchetti, P., Roehrken, M., Roney, J. M., Rostomyan, A., Rout, N., Russo, G., Sakai, Y., Sanders, D. A., Sandilya, S., Santelj, L., Sato, Y., Savinov, V., Scavino, B., Schmitt, C., Schwanda, C., Seino, Y., Selce, A., Senyo, K., Serrano, J., Sevior, M. E., Sfienti, C., Shan, W., Shen, C. P., Shi, X. D., Shillington, T., Shimasaki, T., Shiu, J. -G., Shtol, D., Sibidanov, A., Simon, F., Singh, J. B., Skorupa, J., Sobie, R. J., Sobotzik, M., Soffer, A., Sokolov, A., Solovieva, E., Spataro, S., Spruck, B., Starič, M., Stavroulakis, P., Stefkova, S., Stroili, R., Sumihama, M., Sumisawa, K., Svidras, H., Takizawa, M., Tamponi, U., Tanaka, S., Tanida, K., Tenchini, F., Tittel, O., Tiwary, R., Tonelli, D., Torassa, E., Trabelsi, K., Tsaklidis, I., Uchida, M., Ueda, I., Uematsu, Y., Uglov, T., Unger, K., Unno, Y., Uno, K., Uno, S., Urquijo, P., Ushiroda, Y., Vahsen, S. E., van Tonder, R., Varvell, K. E., Veronesi, M., Vinokurova, A., Vismaya, V. S., Vitale, L., Volpe, R., Wach, B., Wakai, M., Wallner, S., Wang, M. -Z., Wang, X. L., Wang, Z., Warburton, A., Watanuki, S., Wessel, C., Won, E., Xu, X. P., Yabsley, B. D., Yamada, S., Yang, S. B., Yelton, J., Yin, J. H., Yoshihara, K., Yuan, C. Z., Zhang, B., Zhang, Y., Zhilich, V., Zhou, Q. D., Zhou, X. Y., and Zhukova, V. I.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We measure the tau-to-light-lepton ratio of inclusive $B$-meson branching fractions $R(X_{\tau/\ell}) \equiv \mathcal{B}(B\to X \tau \nu)/\mathcal{B}(B \to X \ell \nu)$, where $\ell$ indicates an electron or muon, and thereby test the universality of charged-current weak interactions. We select events that have one fully reconstructed $B$ meson and a charged lepton candidate from $189~\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$ of electron-positron collision data collected with the Belle II detector. We find $R(X_{\tau/\ell}) = 0.228 \pm 0.016~(\mathrm{stat}) \pm 0.036~(\mathrm{syst})$, in agreement with standard-model expectations. This is the first direct measurement of $R(X_{\tau/\ell})$.

Published
2023
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8. The beauty and complexity of the small heat shock proteins: a report on the proceedings of the fourth workshop on small heat shock proteins.

Author

Ecroyd, Heath, Bartelt-Kirbach, Britta, Ben-Zvi, Anat, Bonavita, Raffaella, Bushman, Yevheniia, Casarotto, Elena, Cecconi, Ciro, Lau, Wilson, Hibshman, Jonathan, Joosten, Joep, Klevit, Rachel, Liberek, Krzysztof, McMenimen, Kathryn, Miwa, Tsukumi, Mogk, Axel, Montepietra, Daniele, Peters, Carsten, Rocchetti, Maria, Saman, Dominik, Sisto, Angela, Secco, Valentina, Strauch, Annika, Taguchi, Hideki, Tanguay, Morgan, Tedesco, Barbara, Toth, Melinda, Wang, Zihao, Benesch, Justin, Carra, Serena, and Kimonis, Virginia

Subjects
Cellular stress, Molecular chaperones, Protein aggregation, Protein folding, Protein homeostasis, Small heat shock proteins, Heat-Shock Proteins, Small, Proteins
Abstract

The Fourth Cell Stress Society International workshop on small heat shock proteins (sHSPs), a follow-up to successful workshops held in 2014, 2016 and 2018, took place as a virtual meeting on the 17-18 November 2022. The meeting was designed to provide an opportunity for those working on sHSPs to reconnect and discuss their latest work. The diversity of research in the sHSP field is reflected in the breadth of topics covered in the talks presented at this meeting. Here we summarise the presentations at this meeting and provide some perspectives on exciting future topics to be addressed in the field.

Published
2023

9. Author Correction: Adaptive gene loss in the common bean pan-genome during range expansion and domestication

Author

Cortinovis, Gaia, Vincenzi, Leonardo, Anderson, Robyn, Marturano, Giovanni, Marsh, Jacob Ian, Bayer, Philipp Emanuel, Rocchetti, Lorenzo, Frascarelli, Giulia, Lanzavecchia, Giovanna, Pieri, Alice, Benazzo, Andrea, Bellucci, Elisa, Di Vittori, Valerio, Nanni, Laura, Ferreira Fernández, Juan José, Rossato, Marzia, Aguilar, Orlando Mario, Morrell, Peter Laurent, Rodriguez, Monica, Gioia, Tania, Neumann, Kerstin, Alvarez Diaz, Juan Camilo, Gratias, Ariane, Klopp, Christophe, Bitocchi, Elena, Geffroy, Valérie, Delledonne, Massimo, Edwards, David, and Papa, Roberto

Published
2024
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11. Adaptive gene loss in the common bean pan-genome during range expansion and domestication

Author

Cortinovis, Gaia, Vincenzi, Leonardo, Anderson, Robyn, Marturano, Giovanni, Marsh, Jacob Ian, Bayer, Philipp Emanuel, Rocchetti, Lorenzo, Frascarelli, Giulia, Lanzavecchia, Giovanna, Pieri, Alice, Benazzo, Andrea, Bellucci, Elisa, Di Vittori, Valerio, Nanni, Laura, Ferreira Fernández, Juan José, Rossato, Marzia, Aguilar, Orlando Mario, Morrell, Peter Laurent, Rodriguez, Monica, Gioia, Tania, Neumann, Kerstin, Alvarez Diaz, Juan Camilo, Gratias, Ariane, Klopp, Christophe, Bitocchi, Elena, Geffroy, Valérie, Delledonne, Massimo, Edwards, David, and Papa, Roberto

Published
2024
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15. Search for lepton-flavor-violating $\tau^- \to \ell^-\phi$ decays in 2019-2021 Belle II data

Author

Belle II Collaboration, Abudinén, F., Adachi, I., Adamczyk, K., Aggarwal, L., Ahlburg, P., Ahmed, H., Ahn, J. K., Aihara, H., Akopov, N., Aloisio, A., Andricek, L., Ky, N. Anh, Asner, D. M., Atmacan, H., Aulchenko, V., Aushev, T., Aushev, V., Aversano, M., Babu, V., Bacher, S., Bae, H., Bahinipati, S., Bakich, A. M., Bambade, P., Banerjee, Sw., Bansal, S., Barrett, M., Batignani, G., Baudot, J., Bauer, M., Baur, A., Beaulieu, A., Becker, J., Behera, P. K., Bennett, J. V., Bernieri, E., Bernlochner, F. U., Bertacchi, V., Bertemes, M., Bertholet, E., Bessner, M., Bettarini, S., Bhardwaj, V., Bhuyan, B., Bianchi, F., Bilka, T., Bilokin, S., Biswas, D., Bobrov, A., Bodrov, D., Bolz, A., Bondar, A., Bonvicini, G., Borah, J., Bozek, A., Bračko, M., Branchini, P., Briere, R. A., Browder, T. E., Brown, D. N., Budano, A., Bussino, S., Campajola, M., Cao, L., Casarosa, G., Cecchi, C., Cerasoli, J., Červenkov, D., Chang, M. -C., Chang, P., Cheaib, R., Cheema, P., Chekelian, V., Chen, C., Chen, Y. Q., Chen, Y. -T., Cheon, B. G., Chilikin, K., Chirapatpimol, K., Cho, H. -E., Cho, K., Cho, S. -J., Choi, S. -K., Choudhury, S., Cinabro, D., Cochran, J., Corona, L., Cremaldi, L. M., Cunliffe, S., Czank, T., Das, S., Dattola, F., De La Cruz-Burelo, E., De La Motte, S. A., de Marino, G., De Nardo, G., De Nuccio, M., De Pietro, G., de Sangro, R., Deschamps, B., Destefanis, M., Dey, S., De Yta-Hernandez, A., Dhamija, R., Di Canto, A., Di Capua, F., Dingfelder, J., Doležal, Z., Jiménez, I. Domínguez, Dong, T. V., Dorigo, M., Dort, K., Dossett, D., Dreyer, S., Dubey, S., Duell, S., Dujany, G., Ecker, P., Eliachevitch, M., Epifanov, D., Feichtinger, P., Ferber, T., Ferlewicz, D., Fillinger, T., Finck, C., Finocchiaro, G., Fischer, P., Flood, K., Fodor, A., Forti, F., Frey, A., Friedl, M., Fulsom, B. G., Gabrielli, A., Gabyshev, N., Ganiev, E., Garcia-Hernandez, M., Garg, R., Garmash, A., Gaudino, G., Gaur, V., Gaz, A., Gebauer, U., Gellrich, A., Ghevondyan, G., Ghosh, D., Giakoustidis, G., Giordano, R., Giri, A., Glazov, A., Gobbo, B., Godang, R., Goldenzweig, P., Golob, B., Gong, G., Grace, P., Gradl, W., Graf-Schreiber, M., Grammatico, T., Granderath, S., Graziani, E., Greenwald, D., Gruberová, Z., Gu, T., Guan, Y., Gudkova, K., Hadjivasiliou, C., Halder, S., Han, Y., Hara, K., Hara, T., Hartbrich, O., Hayasaka, K., Hayashii, H., Hazra, S., Hearty, C., Hedges, M. T., de la Cruz, I. Heredia, Villanueva, M. Hernández, Hershenhorn, A., Higuchi, T., Hill, E. C., Hirata, H., Hoek, M., Hohmann, M., Hotta, T., Hsu, C. -L., Huang, K., Humair, T., Iijima, T., Inami, K., Inguglia, G., Ipsita, N., Jabbar, J. Irakkathil, Ishikawa, A., Ito, S., Itoh, R., Iwasaki, M., Iwasaki, Y., Iwata, S., Jackson, P., Jacobs, W. W., Jaffe, D. E., Jang, E. -J., Jeon, H. B., Ji, Q. P., Jia, S., Jin, Y., Joo, K. K., Junkerkalefeld, H., Kadenko, I., Kakuno, H., Kaleta, M., Kalita, D., Kaliyar, A. B., Kandra, J., Kang, K. H., Kang, S., Kapusta, P., Karl, R., Karyan, G., Kato, Y., Kawasaki, T., Ketter, C., Kiesling, C., Kim, C. -H., Kim, D. Y., Kim, H. J., Kim, K. -H., Kim, Y. -K., Kim, Y. J., Kimmel, T. D., Kindo, H., Kinoshita, K., Kleinwort, C., Kodyš, P., Koga, T., Kohani, S., Kojima, K., Konno, T., Korobov, A., Korpar, S., Kovalenko, E., Kowalewski, R., Kraetzschmar, T. M. G., Križan, P., Krohn, J. F., Krokovny, P., Kuehn, W., Kuhr, T., Kumar, J., Kumar, M., Kumar, R., Kumara, K., Kumita, T., Kunigo, T., Kurz, S., Kuzmin, A., Kvasnička, P., Kwon, Y. -J., Lacaprara, S., Lai, Y. -T., La Licata, C., Lalwani, K., Lam, T., Lanceri, L., Lange, J. S., Laurenza, M., Lautenbach, K., Laycock, P. J., Leboucher, R., Diberder, F. R. Le, Lee, S. C., Leitl, P., Levit, D., Lewis, P. M., Li, C., Li, L. K., Li, S. X., Li, Y. B., Libby, J., Lieret, K., Lin, J., Liptak, Z., Liu, Q. Y., Liu, Z. A., Liu, Z. Q., Liventsev, D., Longo, S., Lozar, A., Lueck, T., Luo, T., Lyu, C., Ma, Y., Maggiora, M., Maharana, S. P., Maiti, R., Maity, S., Manfredi, R., Manoni, E., Manthei, A. C., Mantovano, M., Marcantonio, D., Marcello, S., Marinas, C., Martel, L., Martellini, C., Martini, A., Martinov, T., Massaccesi, L., Masuda, M., Matsuda, T., Matsuoka, K., Matvienko, D., Maurya, S. K., McKenna, J. A., McNeil, J., Meggendorfer, F., Meier, F., Merola, M., Metzner, F., Milesi, M., Miller, C., Miyabayashi, K., Miyake, H., Miyata, H., Mizuk, R., Mohanty, G. B., Molina-Gonzalez, N., Mondal, S., Moneta, S., Moon, H., Moser, H. -G., Mrvar, M., Muller, Th., Mussa, R., Nakamura, I., Nakamura, K. R., Nakano, E., Nakao, M., Nakayama, H., Nakazawa, H., Nakazawa, Y., Charan, A. Narimani, Naruki, M., Narwal, D., Natkaniec, Z., Natochii, A., Nayak, L., Nayak, M., Nazaryan, G., Niebuhr, C., Niiyama, M., Ninkovic, J., Nisar, N. K., Nishida, S., Nishimura, K., Nouxman, M. H. A., Ogawa, K., Ogawa, S., Olsen, S. L., Onishchuk, Y., Ono, H., Onuki, Y., Oskin, P., Oxford, E. R., Ozaki, H., Pakhlov, P., Pakhlova, G., Paladino, A., Pang, T., Panta, A., Paoloni, E., Pardi, S., Parham, K., Park, H., Park, S. -H., Paschen, B., Passeri, A., Pathak, A., Patra, S., Paul, S., Pedlar, T. K., Peruzzi, I., Peschke, R., Pestotnik, R., Pham, F., Piccolo, M., Piilonen, L. E., Angioni, G. Pinna, Podesta-Lerma, P. L. M., Podobnik, T., Pokharel, S., Polat, L., Popov, V., Praz, C., Prell, S., Prencipe, E., Prim, M. T., Purohit, M. V., Purwar, H., Rad, N., Rados, P., Raeuber, G., Raiz, S., Morales, A. Ramirez, Rauls, N., Reif, M., Reiter, S., Remnev, M., Ripp-Baudot, I., Ritter, M., Ritzert, M., Rizzo, G., Rizzuto, L. B., Robertson, S. H., Rocchetti, P., Pérez, D. Rodríguez, Roehrken, M., Roney, J. M., Rosenfeld, C., Rostomyan, A., Rout, N., Rozanska, M., Russo, G., Sahoo, D., Sakai, Y., Sanders, D. A., Sandilya, S., Sangal, A., Santelj, L., Sartori, P., Sato, Y., Savinov, V., Scavino, B., Schmitt, C., Schmitz, J., Schnepf, M., Schreeck, H., Schueler, J., Schwanda, C., Schwartz, A. J., Schwenker, B., Schwickardi, M., Seino, Y., Selce, A., Senyo, K., Serrano, J., Sevior, M. E., Sfienti, C., Shan, W., Sharma, C., Shebalin, V., Shen, C. P., Shi, X. D., Shibuya, H., Shillington, T., Shiu, J. -G., Shtol, D., Shwartz, B., Sibidanov, A., Simon, F., Singh, J. B., Skorupa, J., Smith, K., Sobie, R. J., Soffer, A., Sokolov, A., Soloviev, Y., Solovieva, E., Spataro, S., Spruck, B., Starič, M., Stavroulakis, P., Stefkova, S., Stottler, Z. S., Stroili, R., Strube, J., Stypula, J., Sue, Y., Sugiura, R., Sumihama, M., Sumisawa, K., Sutcliffe, W., Suzuki, S. Y., Svidras, H., Tabata, M., Takahashi, M., Takizawa, M., Tamponi, U., Tanaka, S., Tanida, K., Tanigawa, H., Taniguchi, N., Tao, Y., Tenchini, F., Thaller, A., Tittel, O., Tiwary, R., Tonelli, D., Torassa, E., Toutounji, N., Trabelsi, K., Tsaklidis, I., Tsuboyama, T., Tsuzuki, N., Uchida, M., Ueda, I., Uehara, S., Uematsu, Y., Ueno, T., Uglov, T., Unger, K., Unno, Y., Uno, K., Uno, S., Urquijo, P., Ushiroda, Y., Usov, Y. V., Vahsen, S. E., van Tonder, R., Varner, G. S., Varvell, K. E., Vinokurova, A., Vismaya, V. S., Vitale, L., Vobbilisetti, V., Vorobyev, V., Vossen, A., Wach, B., Waheed, E., Wakai, M., Wakeling, H. M., Wallner, S., Abdullah, W. Wan, Wang, B., Wang, C. H., Wang, E., Wang, M. -Z., Wang, X. L., Wang, Z., Warburton, A., Watanabe, M., Watanuki, S., Webb, J., Wehle, S., Welsch, M., Werbycka, O., Wessel, C., Wiechczynski, J., Wieduwilt, P., Windel, H., Won, E., Wu, L. J., Xie, Y., Xu, X. P., Yabsley, B. D., Yamada, S., Yan, W., Yang, S. B., Yelton, J., Yin, J. H., Yook, Y. M., Yoshihara, K., Yuan, C. Z., Yusa, Y., Zani, L., Zhang, J. Z., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z., Zhilich, V., Zhou, J. S., Zhou, Q. D., Zhou, X. Y., Zhukova, V. I., Zhulanov, V., and Žlebčík, R.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We report a search for lepton-flavor-violating decays $\tau^- \to \ell^- \phi$ ($\ell^- =e^-,\mu^-$) at the Belle II experiment, using a sample of electron-positron data produced at the SuperKEKB collider in 2019-2021 and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 190 fb$^{-1}$. We use a new untagged selection for $e^+e^- \to \tau^+\tau^-$ events, where the signal $\tau$ is searched for as a neutrinoless final state of a single charged lepton and a $\phi$ meson and the other $\tau$ is not reconstructed in any specific decay mode, in contrast to previous measurements by the BaBar and Belle experiments. We find no evidence for $\tau^- \to \ell^- \phi$ decays and obtain upper limits on the branching fractions at 90% confidence level of 23 $\times 10^{-8}$ and 9.7$\times 10^{-8}$ for $\tau^- \rightarrow e^-\phi$ and $\tau^- \rightarrow \mu^-\phi$, respectively

Published
2023

16. Observation of ${B\to D^{(*)} K^- K^{0}_S}$ decays using the 2019-2022 Belle II data sample

Author

Belle II Collaboration, Abudinén, F., Adachi, I., Adamczyk, K., Aggarwal, L., Ahlburg, P., Ahmed, H., Ahn, J. K., Aihara, H., Akopov, N., Aloisio, A., Andricek, L., Ky, N. Anh, Asner, D. M., Atmacan, H., Aulchenko, V., Aushev, T., Aushev, V., Aversano, M., Babu, V., Bacher, S., Bae, H., Bahinipati, S., Bakich, A. M., Bambade, P., Banerjee, Sw., Bansal, S., Barrett, M., Batignani, G., Baudot, J., Bauer, M., Baur, A., Beaulieu, A., Becker, J., Behera, P. K., Bennett, J. V., Bernieri, E., Bernlochner, F. U., Bertacchi, V., Bertemes, M., Bertholet, E., Bessner, M., Bettarini, S., Bhardwaj, V., Bhuyan, B., Bianchi, F., Bilka, T., Bilokin, S., Biswas, D., Bobrov, A., Bodrov, D., Bolz, A., Bondar, A., Bonvicini, G., Borah, J., Bozek, A., Bračko, M., Branchini, P., Briere, R. A., Browder, T. E., Brown, D. N., Budano, A., Bussino, S., Campajola, M., Cao, L., Casarosa, G., Cecchi, C., Cerasoli, J., Červenkov, D., Chang, M. -C., Chang, P., Cheaib, R., Cheema, P., Chekelian, V., Chen, C., Chen, Y. Q., Chen, Y. -T., Cheon, B. G., Chilikin, K., Chirapatpimol, K., Cho, H. -E., Cho, K., Cho, S. -J., Choi, S. -K., Choudhury, S., Cinabro, D., Cochran, J., Corona, L., Cremaldi, L. M., Cunliffe, S., Czank, T., Das, S., Dattola, F., De La Cruz-Burelo, E., De La Motte, S. A., de Marino, G., De Nardo, G., De Nuccio, M., De Pietro, G., de Sangro, R., Deschamps, B., Destefanis, M., Dey, S., De Yta-Hernandez, A., Dhamija, R., Di Canto, A., Di Capua, F., Dingfelder, J., Doležal, Z., Jiménez, I. Domínguez, Dong, T. V., Dorigo, M., Dort, K., Dossett, D., Dreyer, S., Dubey, S., Duell, S., Dujany, G., Ecker, P., Eliachevitch, M., Epifanov, D., Feichtinger, P., Ferber, T., Ferlewicz, D., Fillinger, T., Finck, C., Finocchiaro, G., Fischer, P., Flood, K., Fodor, A., Forti, F., Frey, A., Friedl, M., Fulsom, B. G., Gabrielli, A., Gabyshev, N., Ganiev, E., Garcia-Hernandez, M., Garg, R., Garmash, A., Gaudino, G., Gaur, V., Gaz, A., Gebauer, U., Gellrich, A., Ghevondyan, G., Ghosh, D., Giakoustidis, G., Giordano, R., Giri, A., Glazov, A., Gobbo, B., Godang, R., Goldenzweig, P., Golob, B., Gong, G., Grace, P., Gradl, W., Graf-Schreiber, M., Grammatico, T., Granderath, S., Graziani, E., Greenwald, D., Gruberová, Z., Gu, T., Guan, Y., Gudkova, K., Hadjivasiliou, C., Halder, S., Han, Y., Hara, K., Hara, T., Hartbrich, O., Hayasaka, K., Hayashii, H., Hazra, S., Hearty, C., Hedges, M. T., de la Cruz, I. Heredia, Villanueva, M. Hernández, Hershenhorn, A., Higuchi, T., Hill, E. C., Hirata, H., Hoek, M., Hohmann, M., Hotta, T., Hsu, C. -L., Huang, K., Humair, T., Iijima, T., Inami, K., Inguglia, G., Ipsita, N., Jabbar, J. Irakkathil, Ishikawa, A., Ito, S., Itoh, R., Iwasaki, M., Iwasaki, Y., Iwata, S., Jackson, P., Jacobs, W. W., Jaffe, D. E., Jang, E. -J., Jeon, H. B., Ji, Q. P., Jia, S., Jin, Y., Joo, K. K., Junkerkalefeld, H., Kadenko, I., Kakuno, H., Kaleta, M., Kalita, D., Kaliyar, A. B., Kandra, J., Kang, K. H., Kang, S., Kapusta, P., Karl, R., Karyan, G., Kato, Y., Kawasaki, T., Ketter, C., Kiesling, C., Kim, C. -H., Kim, D. Y., Kim, H. J., Kim, K. -H., Kim, Y. -K., Kim, Y. J., Kimmel, T. D., Kindo, H., Kinoshita, K., Kleinwort, C., Kodyš, P., Koga, T., Kohani, S., Kojima, K., Konno, T., Korobov, A., Korpar, S., Kovalenko, E., Kowalewski, R., Kraetzschmar, T. M. G., Križan, P., Krohn, J. F., Krokovny, P., Kuehn, W., Kuhr, T., Kumar, J., Kumar, M., Kumar, R., Kumara, K., Kumita, T., Kunigo, T., Kurz, S., Kuzmin, A., Kvasnička, P., Kwon, Y. -J., Lacaprara, S., Lai, Y. -T., La Licata, C., Lalwani, K., Lam, T., Lanceri, L., Lange, J. S., Laurenza, M., Lautenbach, K., Laycock, P. J., Leboucher, R., Diberder, F. R. Le, Lee, S. C., Leitl, P., Levit, D., Lewis, P. M., Li, C., Li, L. K., Li, S. X., Li, Y. B., Libby, J., Lieret, K., Lin, J., Liptak, Z., Liu, Q. Y., Liu, Z. A., Liu, Z. Q., Liventsev, D., Longo, S., Lozar, A., Lueck, T., Luo, T., Lyu, C., Ma, Y., Maggiora, M., Maharana, S. P., Maiti, R., Maity, S., Manfredi, R., Manoni, E., Manthei, A. C., Mantovano, M., Marcantonio, D., Marcello, S., Marinas, C., Martel, L., Martellini, C., Martini, A., Martinov, T., Massaccesi, L., Masuda, M., Matsuda, T., Matsuoka, K., Matvienko, D., Maurya, S. K., McKenna, J. A., McNeil, J., Meggendorfer, F., Meier, F., Merola, M., Metzner, F., Milesi, M., Miller, C., Miyabayashi, K., Miyake, H., Miyata, H., Mizuk, R., Mohanty, G. B., Molina-Gonzalez, N., Mondal, S., Moneta, S., Moon, H., Moser, H. -G., Mrvar, M., Muller, Th., Mussa, R., Nakamura, I., Nakamura, K. R., Nakano, E., Nakao, M., Nakayama, H., Nakazawa, H., Nakazawa, Y., Charan, A. Narimani, Naruki, M., Narwal, D., Natkaniec, Z., Natochii, A., Nayak, L., Nayak, M., Nazaryan, G., Niebuhr, C., Niiyama, M., Ninkovic, J., Nisar, N. K., Nishida, S., Nishimura, K., Nouxman, M. H. A., Ogawa, K., Ogawa, S., Olsen, S. L., Onishchuk, Y., Ono, H., Onuki, Y., Oskin, P., Oxford, E. R., Ozaki, H., Pakhlov, P., Pakhlova, G., Paladino, A., Pang, T., Panta, A., Paoloni, E., Pardi, S., Parham, K., Park, H., Park, S. -H., Paschen, B., Passeri, A., Pathak, A., Patra, S., Paul, S., Pedlar, T. K., Peruzzi, I., Peschke, R., Pestotnik, R., Pham, F., Piccolo, M., Piilonen, L. E., Angioni, G. Pinna, Podesta-Lerma, P. L. M., Podobnik, T., Pokharel, S., Polat, L., Popov, V., Praz, C., Prell, S., Prencipe, E., Prim, M. T., Purohit, M. V., Purwar, H., Rad, N., Rados, P., Raeuber, G., Raiz, S., Morales, A. Ramirez, Rauls, N., Reif, M., Reiter, S., Remnev, M., Ripp-Baudot, I., Ritter, M., Ritzert, M., Rizzo, G., Rizzuto, L. B., Robertson, S. H., Rocchetti, P., Pérez, D. Rodríguez, Roehrken, M., Roney, J. M., Rosenfeld, C., Rostomyan, A., Rout, N., Rozanska, M., Russo, G., Sahoo, D., Sakai, Y., Sanders, D. A., Sandilya, S., Sangal, A., Santelj, L., Sartori, P., Sato, Y., Savinov, V., Scavino, B., Schmitt, C., Schmitz, J., Schnepf, M., Schreeck, H., Schueler, J., Schwanda, C., Schwartz, A. J., Schwenker, B., Schwickardi, M., Seino, Y., Selce, A., Senyo, K., Serrano, J., Sevior, M. E., Sfienti, C., Shan, W., Sharma, C., Shebalin, V., Shen, C. P., Shi, X. D., Shibuya, H., Shillington, T., Shiu, J. -G., Shtol, D., Shwartz, B., Sibidanov, A., Simon, F., Singh, J. B., Skorupa, J., Smith, K., Sobie, R. J., Soffer, A., Sokolov, A., Soloviev, Y., Solovieva, E., Spataro, S., Spruck, B., Starič, M., Stavroulakis, P., Stefkova, S., Stottler, Z. S., Stroili, R., Strube, J., Stypula, J., Sue, Y., Sugiura, R., Sumihama, M., Sumisawa, K., Sutcliffe, W., Suzuki, S. Y., Svidras, H., Tabata, M., Takahashi, M., Takizawa, M., Tamponi, U., Tanaka, S., Tanida, K., Tanigawa, H., Taniguchi, N., Tao, Y., Tenchini, F., Thaller, A., Tittel, O., Tiwary, R., Tonelli, D., Torassa, E., Toutounji, N., Trabelsi, K., Tsaklidis, I., Tsuboyama, T., Tsuzuki, N., Uchida, M., Ueda, I., Uehara, S., Uematsu, Y., Ueno, T., Uglov, T., Unger, K., Unno, Y., Uno, K., Uno, S., Urquijo, P., Ushiroda, Y., Usov, Y. V., Vahsen, S. E., van Tonder, R., Varner, G. S., Varvell, K. E., Vinokurova, A., Vismaya, V. S., Vitale, L., Vobbilisetti, V., Vorobyev, V., Vossen, A., Wach, B., Waheed, E., Wakai, M., Wakeling, H. M., Wallner, S., Abdullah, W. Wan, Wang, B., Wang, C. H., Wang, E., Wang, M. -Z., Wang, X. L., Wang, Z., Warburton, A., Watanabe, M., Watanuki, S., Webb, J., Wehle, S., Welsch, M., Werbycka, O., Wessel, C., Wiechczynski, J., Wieduwilt, P., Windel, H., Won, E., Wu, L. J., Xie, Y., Xu, X. P., Yabsley, B. D., Yamada, S., Yan, W., Yang, S. B., Yelton, J., Yin, J. H., Yook, Y. M., Yoshihara, K., Yuan, C. Z., Yusa, Y., Zani, L., Zhang, J. Z., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Z., Zhilich, V., Zhou, J. S., Zhou, Q. D., Zhou, X. Y., Zhukova, V. I., Zhulanov, V., and Žlebčík, R.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We present a measurement of the branching fractions of four $B^{0,-}\to D^{(*)+,0} K^- K^{0}_S$ decay modes. The measurement is based on data from SuperKEKB electron-positron collisions at the $\Upsilon(4S)$ resonance collected with the Belle II detector and corresponding to an integrated luminosity of ${362~\text{fb}^{-1}}$. The event yields are extracted from fits to the distributions of the difference between expected and observed $B$ meson energy to separate signal and background, and are efficiency-corrected as a function of the invariant mass of the $K^-K_S^0$ system. We find the branching fractions to be: \[ \text{B}(B^-\to D^0K^-K_S^0)=(1.89\pm 0.16\pm 0.10)\times 10^{-4}, \] \[ \text{B}(\overline B{}^0\to D^+K^-K_S^0)=(0.85\pm 0.11\pm 0.05)\times 10^{-4},\] \[ \text{B}(B^-\to D^{*0}K^-K_S^0)=(1.57\pm 0.27\pm 0.12)\times 10^{-4}, \] \[ \text{B}(\overline B{}^0\to D^{*+}K^-K_S^0)=(0.96\pm 0.18\pm 0.06)\times 10^{-4},\] where the first uncertainty is statistical and the second systematic. These results include the first observation of $\overline B{}^0\to D^+K^-K_S^0$, $B^-\to D^{*0}K^-K_S^0$, and $\overline B{}^0\to D^{*+}K^-K_S^0$ decays and a significant improvement in the precision of $\text{B}(B^-\to D^0K^-K_S^0)$ compared to previous measurements.

Published
2023

17. Adaptive gene loss in the common bean pan-genome during range expansion and domestication

Author

Gaia Cortinovis, Leonardo Vincenzi, Robyn Anderson, Giovanni Marturano, Jacob Ian Marsh, Philipp Emanuel Bayer, Lorenzo Rocchetti, Giulia Frascarelli, Giovanna Lanzavecchia, Alice Pieri, Andrea Benazzo, Elisa Bellucci, Valerio Di Vittori, Laura Nanni, Juan José Ferreira Fernández, Marzia Rossato, Orlando Mario Aguilar, Peter Laurent Morrell, Monica Rodriguez, Tania Gioia, Kerstin Neumann, Juan Camilo Alvarez Diaz, Ariane Gratias, Christophe Klopp, Elena Bitocchi, Valérie Geffroy, Massimo Delledonne, David Edwards, and Roberto Papa

Subjects
Science
Abstract

Abstract The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) is a crucial legume crop and an ideal evolutionary model to study adaptive diversity in wild and domesticated populations. Here, we present a common bean pan-genome based on five high-quality genomes and whole-genome reads representing 339 genotypes. It reveals ~234 Mb of additional sequences containing 6,905 protein-coding genes missing from the reference, constituting 49% of all presence/absence variants (PAVs). More non-synonymous mutations are found in PAVs than core genes, probably reflecting the lower effective population size of PAVs and fitness advantages due to the purging effect of gene loss. Our results suggest pan-genome shrinkage occurred during wild range expansion. Selection signatures provide evidence that partial or complete gene loss was a key adaptive genetic change in common bean populations with major implications for plant adaptation. The pan-genome is a valuable resource for food legume research and breeding for climate change mitigation and sustainable agriculture.

Published
2024
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18. Predictors of Readmission in Young Adults with First-Episode Psychosis: A Multicentric Retrospective Study with a 12-Month Follow-Up

Author

Filippo Besana, Serena Chiara Civardi, Filippo Mazzoni, Giovanni Carnevale Miacca, Vincenzo Arienti, Matteo Rocchetti, Pierluigi Politi, Vassilis Martiadis, Natascia Brondino, and Miriam Olivola

Subjects
first-episode psychosis, long-acting antipsychotics, readmission, youth mental health, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Background: A significant number of young individuals are readmitted one or more times shortly after their first episode of psychosis. Readmission may represent a marker of psychopathological vulnerability. Our primary aim was to evaluate the impact of clinical and socio-demographic variables on readmission at 12-month follow-up. Secondly, our goal was to determine whether the use of Long-Acting Injection (LAI) antipsychotics provides notable benefits compared to oral medications in preventing subsequent readmissions. Subjects and methods: 80 patients hospitalised for the first time with a diagnosis of psychotic disorder (ICD-10 criteria) were retrospectively assessed through clinical records. The mean age was 21.7 years. Patients were predominantly male (n = 62, 77.5%), and 55 subjects had at least 8 years of education. 50% of the sample was “NEET” (not in education, employment, or training). Results: 35 patients (43.8%) were discharged with a LAI antipsychotic, while 45 (56.2%) recieved oral antipsychotic therapy. Substance use (p = 0.04) and oral antipsychotics at discharge (p = 0.003) were significantly associated with readmission at 1 year. We did not find any significant predictors of being discharged with LAI therapy. Conclusion: Our findings underlined the importance of identifying patients at risk of readmission in order to prevent future rehospitalization and promote appropriate prevention strategies. LAIs should be considered as a first-choice treatment for patients hospitalised for FEP since they proved to be effective in preventing relapse.

Published
2024
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19. A test of light-lepton universality in the rates of inclusive semileptonic $B$-meson decays at Belle II

Author

Belle II Collaboration, Aggarwal, L., Ahmed, H., Aihara, H., Akopov, N., Aloisio, A., Ky, N. Anh, Asner, D. M., Atmacan, H., Aushev, T., Aushev, V., Bae, H., Bahinipati, S., Bambade, P., Banerjee, Sw., Bansal, S., Barrett, M., Baudot, J., Bauer, M., Baur, A., Beaubien, A., Becker, J., Bennett, J. V., Bernieri, E., Bernlochner, F. U., Bertacchi, V., Bertemes, M., Bertholet, E., Bessner, M., Bettarini, S., Bhardwaj, V., Bhuyan, B., Bianchi, F., Bilka, T., Bilokin, S., Biswas, D., Bodrov, D., Borah, J., Bozek, A., Bračko, M., Briere, R. A., Browder, T. E., Budano, A., Bussino, S., Campajola, M., Cao, L., Casarosa, G., Cecchi, C., Cerasoli, J., Chang, M. -C., Cheaib, R., Cheema, P., Chekelian, V., Cheon, B. G., Chilikin, K., Chirapatpimol, K., Cho, H. -E., Cho, K., Cho, S. -J., Choi, S. -K., Choudhury, S., Cochran, J., Corona, L., Cunliffe, S., Dattola, F., De La Cruz-Burelo, E., De La Motte, S. A., De Nardo, G., De Pietro, G., de Sangro, R., Destefanis, M., Dhamija, R., Di Capua, F., Dingfelder, J., Doležal, Z., Dong, T. V., Dorigo, M., Dossett, D., Dreyer, S., Dubey, S., Dujany, G., Ecker, P., Eliachevitch, M., Feichtinger, P., Ferber, T., Ferlewicz, D., Fillinger, T., Finocchiaro, G., Fodor, A., Forti, F., Frey, A., Fulsom, B. G., Gabrielli, A., Ganiev, E., Garcia-Hernandez, M., Gaudino, G., Gaur, V., Gaz, A., Gellrich, A., Ghevondyan, G., Giordano, R., Giri, A., Glazov, A., Gobbo, B., Godang, R., Goldenzweig, P., Gradl, W., Grammatico, T., Granderath, S., Graziani, E., Gruberová, Z., Gu, T., Gudkova, K., Halder, S., Hara, T., Hayasaka, K., Hayashii, H., Hazra, S., Hearty, C., Hedges, M. T., de la Cruz, I. Heredia, Villanueva, M. Hernández, Hershenhorn, A., Higuchi, T., Hill, E. C., Hohmann, M., Hsu, C. -L., Iijima, T., Inami, K., Inguglia, G., Ipsita, N., Ishikawa, A., Ito, S., Itoh, R., Iwasaki, M., Jacobs, W. W., Jang, E. -J., Ji, Q. P., Jia, S., Jin, Y., Junkerkalefeld, H., Kaleta, M., Kaliyar, A. B., Karyan, G., Kawasaki, T., Kiesling, C., Kim, C. -H., Kim, D. Y., Kim, K. -H., Kim, Y. -K., Kindo, H., Kinoshita, K., Kodyš, P., Kohani, S., Kojima, K., Korobov, A., Korpar, S., Kovalenko, E., Kowalewski, R., Križan, P., Krokovny, P., Kumar, J., Kumar, R., Kumara, K., Kuzmin, A., Kwon, Y. -J., Lacaprara, S., Lange, J. S., Laurenza, M., Leboucher, R., Diberder, F. R. Le, Levit, D., Lewis, P. M., Li, L. K., Libby, J., Liptak, Z., Liu, Q. Y., Liu, Z. Q., Liventsev, D., Longo, S., Lueck, T., Lyu, C., Ma, Y., Maggiora, M., Maharana, S. P., Maiti, R., Maity, S., Manfredi, R., Manoni, E., Manthei, A. C., Mantovano, M., Marinas, C., Martel, L., Martellini, C., Martini, A., Massaccesi, L., Masuda, M., Matsuoka, K., Matvienko, D., Maurya, S. K., McKenna, J. A., Meier, F., Merola, M., Metzner, F., Milesi, M., Miller, C., Miyabayashi, K., Mizuk, R., Mohanty, G. B., Moneta, S., Mrvar, M., Mussa, R., Nakamura, I., Nakamura, K. R., Nakao, M., Nakazawa, Y., Charan, A. Narimani, Naruki, M., Narwal, D., Natochii, A., Nayak, L., Nazaryan, G., Nisar, N. K., Nishida, S., Ono, H., Onuki, Y., Oskin, P., Pakhlov, P., Pakhlova, G., Paladino, A., Panta, A., Pardi, S., Park, H., Park, J., Paschen, B., Passeri, A., Patra, S., Paul, S., Pedlar, T. K., Peruzzi, I., Peschke, R., Pestotnik, R., Piilonen, L. E., Angioni, G. Pinna, Podesta-Lerma, P. L. M., Podobnik, T., Pokharel, S., Polat, L., Praz, C., Prell, S., Prencipe, E., Prim, M. T., Purwar, H., Rad, N., Rados, P., Raeuber, G., Reif, M., Reiter, S., Ripp-Baudot, I., Rizzo, G., Rizzuto, L. B., Rocchetti, P., Roney, J. M., Rostomyan, A., Rout, N., Sanders, D. A., Sandilya, S., Sangal, A., Santelj, L., Sato, Y., Scavino, B., Schwanda, C., Seino, Y., Selce, A., Senyo, K., Sevior, M. E., Sfienti, C., Shan, W., Sharma, C., Shen, C. P., Shillington, T., Shiu, J. -G., Simon, F., Singh, J. B., Skorupa, J., Sobie, R. J., Soffer, A., Sokolov, A., Solovieva, E., Spataro, S., Spruck, B., Starič, M., Stefkova, S., Stroili, R., Sue, Y., Sumihama, M., Sutcliffe, W., Suzuki, S. Y., Svidras, H., Takizawa, M., Tamponi, U., Tanida, K., Taniguchi, N., Tenchini, F., Tiwary, R., Tonelli, D., Torassa, E., Trabelsi, K., Tsaklidis, I., Ueda, I., Uematsu, Y., Uglov, T., Unger, K., Unno, Y., Uno, K., Uno, S., Urquijo, P., Ushiroda, Y., Vahsen, S. E., van Tonder, R., Varner, G. S., Varvell, K. E., Vinokurova, A., Vismaya, V. S., Vitale, L., Vossen, A., Wallner, S., Wang, E., Wang, M. -Z., Wang, X. L., Warburton, A., Watanabe, M., Watanuki, S., Welsch, M., Wessel, C., Won, E., Xu, X. P., Yabsley, B. D., Yamada, S., Yan, W., Yang, S. B., Ye, H., Yin, J. H., Yook, Y. M., Yoshihara, K., Zhai, Y., Zhang, Y., Zhilich, V., Zhou, Q. D., Zhou, X. Y., Zhukova, V. I., and Žlebčík, R.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We present the first measurement of the ratio of branching fractions of inclusive semileptonic $B$-meson decays, $R(X_{e/\mu}) = \mathcal{B}(B\to X \, e \, \nu) / \mathcal{B}(B\to X \, \mu \, \nu)$, a precision test of electron-muon universality, using data corresponding to $189\,\mathrm{fb}^{-1}$ from electron-positron collisions collected with the Belle II detector. In events where the partner $B$ meson is fully reconstructed, we use fits to the lepton momentum spectra above $1.3\,\mathrm{GeV}/c$ to obtain $R(X_{e/\mu}) = 1.007 \pm 0.009~(\mathrm{stat}) \pm 0.019~(\mathrm{syst})$, which is the most precise lepton-universality test of its kind and agrees with the standard-model expectation.

Published
2023
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20. The Triggerless Data Acquisition System of the XENONnT Experiment

Author

Aprile, E., Aalbers, J., Abe, K., Agostini, F., Maouloud, S. Ahmed, Althueser, L., Andrieu, B., Angelino, E., Angevaare, J. R., Antochi, V. C., Martin, D. Antón, Arneodo, F., Baudis, L., Baxter, A. L., Bellagamba, L., Biondi, R., Bismark, A., Brookes, E. J., Brown, A., Bruenner, S., Bruno, G., Budnik, R., Bui, T. K., Cai, C., Cardoso, J. M. R., Cichon, D., Chavez, A. P. Cimental, Coderre, D., Colijn, A. P., Conrad, J., Cuenca-García, J. J., Cussonneau, J. P., D'Andrea, V., Decowski, M. P., Di Gangi, P., Di Pede, S., Diglio, S., Eitel, K., Elykov, A., Farrell, S., Ferella, A. D., Ferrari, C., Fischer, H., Flierman, M., Fulgione, W., Fuselli, C., Gaemers, P., Gaior, R., Rosso, A. Gallo, Galloway, M., Gao, F., Glade-Beucke, R., Grandi, L., Grigat, J., Guida, M., Hammann, R., Higuera, A., Hils, C., Hoetzsch, L., Hood, N. F., Howlett, J., Iacovacci, M., Itow, Y., Jakob, J., Joerg, F., Joy, A., Kato, N., Kara, M., Kavrigin, P., Kazama, S., Kobayashi, M., Koltman, G., Kopec, A., Kuger, F., Landsman, H., Lang, R. F., Levinson, L., Li, I., Li, S., Liang, S., Lindemann, S., Lindner, M., Liu, K., Loizeau, J., Lombardi, F., Long, J., Lopes, J. A. M., Ma, Y., Macolino, C., Mahlstedt, J., Mancuso, A., Manenti, L., Marignetti, F., Undagoitia, T. Marrodán, Martens, K., Masbou, J., Masson, D., Masson, E., Mastroianni, S., Messina, M., Miuchi, K., Mizukoshi, K., Molinario, A., Moriyama, S., Morå, K., Mosbacher, Y., Murra, M., Müller, J., Ni, K., Oberlack, U., Paetsch, B., Palacio, J., Peres, R., Peters, C., Pienaar, J., Pierre, M., Pizzella, V., Plante, G., Qi, J., Qin, J., García, D. Ramírez, Rocchetti, A., Sanchez, L., Sanchez-Lucas, P., Santos, J. M. F. dos, Sarnoff, I., Sartorelli, G., Schreiner, J., Schulte, D., Schulte, P., Eißing, H. Schulze, Schumann, M., Lavina, L. Scotto, Selvi, M., Semeria, F., Shagin, P., Shi, S., Shockley, E., Silva, M., Simgen, H., Takeda, A., Tan, P. -L., Terliuk, A., Thers, D., Toschi, F., Trinchero, G., Tunnell, C., Tönnies, F., Valerius, K., Volta, G., Weinheimer, C., Weiss, M., Wenz, D., Wittweg, C., Wolf, T., Xu, D., Xu, Z., Yamashita, M., Yang, L., Ye, J., Yuan, L., Zavattini, G., Zerbo, S., Zhong, M., and Zhu, T.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The XENONnT detector uses the latest and largest liquid xenon-based time projection chamber (TPC) operated by the XENON Collaboration, aimed at detecting Weakly Interacting Massive Particles and conducting other rare event searches. The XENONnT data acquisition (DAQ) system constitutes an upgraded and expanded version of the XENON1T DAQ system. For its operation, it relies predominantly on commercially available hardware accompanied by open-source and custom-developed software. The three constituent subsystems of the XENONnT detector, the TPC (main detector), muon veto, and the newly introduced neutron veto, are integrated into a single DAQ, and can be operated both independently and as a unified system. In total, the DAQ digitizes the signals of 698 photomultiplier tubes (PMTs), of which 253 from the top PMT array of the TPC are digitized twice, at $\times10$ and $\times0.5$ gain. The DAQ for the most part is a triggerless system, reading out and storing every signal that exceeds the digitization thresholds. Custom-developed software is used to process the acquired data, making it available within $\mathcal{O}\left(10\text{ s}\right)$ for live data quality monitoring and online analyses. The entire system with all the three subsystems was successfully commissioned and has been operating continuously, comfortably withstanding readout rates that exceed $\sim500$ MB/s during calibration. Livetime during normal operation exceeds $99\%$ and is $\sim90\%$ during most high-rate calibrations. The combined DAQ system has collected more than 2 PB of both calibration and science data during the commissioning of XENONnT and the first science run.

Published
2022
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21. Low-energy Calibration of XENON1T with an Internal $^{37}$Ar Source

Author

Aprile, E., Abe, K., Agostini, F., Maouloud, S. Ahmed, Alfonsi, M., Althueser, L., Andrieu, B., Angelino, E., Angevaare, J. R., Antochi, V. C., Martin, D. Antón, Arneodo, F., Baudis, L., Baxter, A. L., Bellagamba, L., Biondi, R., Bismark, A., Brown, A., Bruenner, S., Bruno, G., Budnik, R., Bui, T. K., Cai, C., Capelli, C., Cardoso, J. M. R., Cichon, D., Colijn, A. P., Conrad, J., Cuenca-García, J. J., Cussonneau, J. P., D'Andrea, V., Decowski, M. P., Di Gangi, P., Di Pede, S., Diglio, S., Eitel, K., Elykov, A., Farrell, S., Ferella, A. D., Ferrari, C., Fischer, H., Fulgione, W., Gaemers, P., Gaior, R., Rosso, A. Gallo, Galloway, M., Gao, F., Glade-Beucke, R., Grandi, L., Grigat, J., Guida, M., Hammann, R., Higuera, A., Hils, C., Hoetzsch, L., Howlett, J., Iacovacci, M., Itow, Y., Jakob, J., Joerg, F., Joy, A., Kato, N., Kara, M., Kavrigin, P., Kazama, S., Kobayashi, M., Koltman, G., Kopec, A., Kuger, F., Landsman, H., Lang, R. F., Levinson, L., Li, I., Li, S., Liang, S., Lindemann, S., Lindner, M., Liu, K., Loizeau, J., Lombardi, F., Long, J., Lopes, J. A. M., Ma, Y., Macolino, C., Mahlstedt, J., Mancuso, A., Manenti, L., Marignetti, F., Undagoitia, T. Marrodán, Martens, K., Masbou, J., Masson, D., Masson, E., Mastroianni, S., Messina, M., Miuchi, K., Mizukoshi, K., Molinario, A., Moriyama, S., Morå, K., Mosbacher, Y., Murra, M., Müller, J., Ni, K., Oberlack, U., Paetsch, B., Palacio, J., Peres, R., Peters, C., Pienaar, J., Pierre, M., Pizzella, V., Plante, G., Qi, J., Qin, J., García, D. Ramírez, Reichard, S., Rocchetti, A., Rupp, N., Sanchez, L., Sanchez-Lucas, P., Santos, J. M. F. dos, Sarnoff, I., Sartorelli, G., Schreiner, J., Schulte, D., Schulte, P., Eißing, H. Schulze, Schumann, M., Lavina, L. Scotto, Selvi, M., Semeria, F., Shagin, P., Shi, S., Shockley, E., Silva, M., Simgen, H., Takeda, A., Tan, P. -L., Terliuk, A., Thers, D., Toschi, F., Trinchero, G., Tunnell, C., Tönnies, F., Valerius, K., Volta, G., Weinheimer, C., Weiss, M., Wenz, D., Wittweg, C., Wolf, T., Xu, D., Xu, Z., Yamashita, M., Yang, L., Ye, J., Yuan, L., Zavattini, G., Zerbo, S., Zhong, M., Zhu, T., Geppert, C., and Riemer, J.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

A low-energy electronic recoil calibration of XENON1T, a dual-phase xenon time projection chamber, with an internal $^{37}$Ar source was performed. This calibration source features a 35-day half-life and provides two mono-energetic lines at 2.82 keV and 0.27 keV. The photon yield and electron yield at 2.82 keV are measured to be (32.3$\pm$0.3) photons/keV and (40.6$\pm$0.5) electrons/keV, respectively, in agreement with other measurements and with NEST predictions. The electron yield at 0.27 keV is also measured and it is (68.0$^{+6.3}_{-3.7}$) electrons/keV. The $^{37}$Ar calibration confirms that the detector is well-understood in the energy region close to the detection threshold, with the 2.82 keV line reconstructed at (2.83$\pm$0.02) keV, which further validates the model used to interpret the low-energy electronic recoil excess previously reported by XENON1T. The ability to efficiently remove argon with cryogenic distillation after the calibration proves that $^{37}$Ar can be considered as a regular calibration source for multi-tonne xenon detectors.

Published
2022
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22. Effective Field Theory and Inelastic Dark Matter Results from XENON1T

Author

Aprile, E., Abe, K., Agostini, F., Maouloud, S. Ahmed, Althueser, L., Andrieu, B., Angelino, E., Angevaare, J. R., Antochi, V. C., Martin, D. Antón, Arneodo, F., Baudis, L., Baxter, A. L., Bellagamba, L., Biondi, R., Bismark, A., Brown, A., Bruenner, S., Bruno, G., Budnik, R., Cai, C., Capelli, C., Cardoso, J. M. R., Cichon, D., Clark, M., Colijn, A. P., Conrad, J., Cuenca-García, J. J., Cussonneau, J. P., D'Andrea, V., Decowski, M. P., Di Gangi, P., Di Pede, S., Di Giovanni, A., Di Stefano, R., Diglio, S., Eitel, K., Elykov, A., Farrell, S., Ferella, A. D., Fischer, H., Fulgione, W., Gaemers, P., Gaior, R., Rosso, A. Gallo, Galloway, M., Gao, F., Glade-Beucke, R., Grandi, L., Grigat, J., Guida, M., Hammann, R., Higuera, A., Hils, C., Hoetzsch, L., Howlett, J., Iacovacci, M., Itow, Y., Jakob, J., Joerg, F., Joy, A., Kato, N., Kara, M., Kavrigin, P., Kazama, S., Kobayashi, M., Koltman, G., Kopec, A., Landsman, H., Lang, R. F., Levinson, L., Li, I., Li, S., Liang, S., Lindemann, S., Lindner, M., Liu, K., Loizeau, J., Lombardi, F., Long, J., Lopes, J. A. M., Ma, Y., Macolino, C., Mahlstedt, J., Mancuso, A., Manenti, L., Manfredini, A., Marignetti, F., Undagoitia, T. Marrodán, Martens, K., Masbou, J., Masson, D., Masson, E., Mastroianni, S., Messina, M., Miuchi, K., Mizukoshi, K., Molinario, A., Moriyama, S., Morå, K., Mosbacher, Y., Murra, M., Müller, J., Ni, K., Oberlack, U., Paetsch, B., Palacio, J., Peres, R., Pienaar, J., Pierre, M., Pizzella, V., Plante, G., Qi, J., Qin, J., García, D. Ramírez, Reichard, S., Rocchetti, A., Rupp, N., Sanchez, L., Santos, J. M. F. dos, Sarnoff, I., Sartorelli, G., Schreiner, J., Schulte, D., Schulte, P., Eißing, H. Schulze, Schumann, M., Lavina, L. Scotto, Selvi, M., Semeria, F., Shagin, P., Shi, S., Shockley, E., Silva, M., Simgen, H., Takeda, A., Tan, P. L., Terliuk, A., Thers, D., Toschi, F., Trinchero, G., Tunnell, C., Tönnies, F., Valerius, K., Volta, G., Wei, Y., Weinheimer, C., Weiss, M., Wenz, D., Wittweg, C., Wolf, T., Xu, D., Xu, Z., Yamashita, M., Yang, L., Ye, J., Yuan, L., Zavattini, G., Zhong, M., and Zhu, T.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

In this work, we expand on the XENON1T nuclear recoil searches to study the individual signals of dark matter interactions from operators up to dimension-eight in a Chiral Effective Field Theory (ChEFT) and a model of inelastic dark matter (iDM). We analyze data from two science runs of the XENON1T detector totaling 1\,tonne$\times$year exposure. For these analyses, we extended the region of interest from [4.9, 40.9]$\,$keV$_{\text{NR}}$ to [4.9, 54.4]$\,$keV$_{\text{NR}}$ to enhance our sensitivity for signals that peak at nonzero energies. We show that the data is consistent with the background-only hypothesis, with a small background over-fluctuation observed peaking between 20 and 50$\,$keV$_{\text{NR}}$, resulting in a maximum local discovery significance of 1.7\,$\sigma$ for the Vector$\otimes$Vector$_{\text{strange}}$ ($VV_s$) ChEFT channel for a dark matter particle of 70$\,$GeV/c$^2$, and $1.8\,\sigma$ for an iDM particle of 50$\,$GeV/c$^2$ with a mass splitting of 100$\,$keV/c$^2$. For each model, we report 90\,\% confidence level (CL) upper limits. We also report upper limits on three benchmark models of dark matter interaction using ChEFT where we investigate the effect of isospin-breaking interactions. We observe rate-driven cancellations in regions of the isospin-breaking couplings, leading to up to 6 orders of magnitude weaker upper limits with respect to the isospin-conserving case.

Published
2022

23. An approximate likelihood for nuclear recoil searches with XENON1T data

Author

Aprile, E., Abe, K., Agostini, F., Maouloud, S. Ahmed, Alfonsi, M., Althueser, L., Andrieu, B., Angelino, E., Angevaare, J. R., Antochi, V. C., Martin, D. Antón, Arneodo, F., Baudis, L., Baxter, A. L., Bellagamba, L., Biondi, R., Bismark, A., Brown, A., Bruenner, S., Bruno, G., Budnik, R., Capelli, C., Cardoso, J. M. R., Cichon, D., Cimmino, B., Clark, M., Colijn, A. P., Conrad, J., Cuenca-García, J. J., Cussonneau, J. P., D'Andrea, V., Decowski, M. P., Di Gangi, P., Di Pede, S., Di Giovanni, A., Di Stefano, R., Diglio, S., Elykov, A., Farrell, S., Ferella, A. D., Fischer, H., Fulgione, W., Gaemers, P., Gaior, R., Galloway, M., Gao, F., Glade-Beucke, R., Grandi, L., Grigat, J., Higuera, A., Hils, C., Hoetzsch, L., Howlett, J., Iacovacci, M., Itow, Y., Jakob, J., Joerg, F., Joy, A., Kato, N., Kavrigin, P., Kazama, S., Kobayashi, M., Koltman, G., Kopec, A., Landsman, H., Lang, R. F., Levinson, L., Li, I., Li, S., Liang, S., Lindemann, S., Lindner, M., Liu, K., Lombardi, F., Long, J., Lopes, J. A. M., Ma, Y., Macolino, C., Mahlstedt, J., Mancuso, A., Manenti, L., Manfredini, A., Marignetti, F., Undagoitia, T. Marrodán, Martens, K., Masbou, J., Masson, D., Masson, E., Mastroianni, S., Messina, M., Miuchi, K., Mizukoshi, K., Molinario, A., Moriyama, S., Morå, K., Mosbacher, Y., Murra, M., Müller, J., Ni, K., Oberlack, U., Paetsch, B., Palacio, J., Peres, R., Pienaar, J., Pierre, M., Pizzella, V., Plante, G., Qi, J., Qin, J., García, D. Ramírez, Reichard, S., Rocchetti, A., Rupp, N., Sanchez, L., Santos, J. M. F. dos, Sartorelli, G., Schreiner, J., Schulte, D., Schulte, P., Eißing, H. Schulze, Schumann, M., Lavina, L. Scotto, Selvi, M., Semeria, F., Shagin, P., Shi, S., Shockley, E., Silva, M., Simgen, H., Takeda, A., Tan, P. -L., Terliuk, A., Thers, D., Toschi, F., Trinchero, G., Tunnell, C., Tönnies, F., Valerius, K., Volta, G., Wei, Y., Weinheimer, C., Weiss, M., Wenz, D., Wittweg, C., Wolf, T., Xu, Z., Yamashita, M., Yang, L., Ye, J., Yuan, L., Zavattini, G., Zhang, Y., Zhong, M., and Zhu, T.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The XENON collaboration has published stringent limits on specific dark matter -nucleon recoil spectra from dark matter recoiling on the liquid xenon detector target. In this paper, we present an approximate likelihood for the XENON1T 1 tonne-year nuclear recoil search applicable to any nuclear recoil spectrum. Alongside this paper, we publish data and code to compute upper limits using the method we present. The approximate likelihood is constructed in bins of reconstructed energy, profiled along the signal expectation in each bin. This approach can be used to compute an approximate likelihood and therefore most statistical results for any nuclear recoil spectrum. Computing approximate results with this method is approximately three orders of magnitude faster than the likelihood used in the original publications of XENON1T, where limits were set for specific families of recoil spectra. Using this same method, we include toy Monte Carlo simulation-derived binwise likelihoods for the upcoming XENONnT experiment that can similarly be used to assess the sensitivity to arbitrary nuclear recoil signatures in its eventual 20 tonne-year exposure., Comment: Accepted by European Physical Journal C

Published
2022
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25. In silico trial for the assessment of givinostat dose adjustment rules based on the management of key hematological parameters in polycythemia vera patients

Author

Elena M. Tosca, Alessandro De Carlo, Roberta Bartolucci, Francesco Fiorentini, Silvia Di Tollo, Maurizio Caserini, Maurizio Rocchetti, Paolo Bettica, and Paolo Magni

Subjects
Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Abstract Polycythemia vera (PV) is a chronic myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by excessive levels of platelets (PLT), white blood cells (WBC), and hematocrit (HCT). Givinostat (ITF2357) is a potent histone‐deacetylase inhibitor that showed a good safety/efficacy profile in PV patients during phase I/II studies. A phase III clinical trial had been planned and an adaptive dosing protocol had been proposed where givinostat dose is iteratively adjusted every 28 days (one cycle) based on PLT, WBC, and HCT. As support, a simulation platform to evaluate and refine the proposed givinostat dose adjustment rules was developed. A population pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic model predicting the givinostat effects on PLT, WBC, and HCT in PV patients was developed and integrated with a control algorithm implementing the adaptive dosing protocol. Ten in silico trials in ten virtual PV patient populations were simulated 500 times. Considering an eight‐treatment cycle horizon, reducing/increasing the givinostat daily dose by 25 mg/day step resulted in a higher percentage of patients with a complete hematological response (CHR), that is, PLT ≤400 × 109/L, WBC ≤10 × 109/L, and HCT

Published
2024
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26. Search for New Physics in Electronic Recoil Data from XENONnT

Author

Aprile, E., Abe, K., Agostini, F., Maouloud, S. Ahmed, Althueser, L., Andrieu, B., Angelino, E., Angevaare, J. R., Antochi, V. C., Martin, D. Antón, Arneodo, F., Baudis, L., Baxter, A. L., Bellagamba, L., Biondi, R., Bismark, A., Brown, A., Bruenner, S., Bruno, G., Budnik, R., Bui, T. K., Cai, C., Capelli, C., Cardoso, J. M. R., Cichon, D., Clark, M., Colijn, A. P., Conrad, J., Cuenca-García, J. J., Cussonneau, J. P., D'Andrea, V., Decowski, M. P., Di Gangi, P., Di Pede, S., Di Giovanni, A., Di Stefano, R., Diglio, S., Eitel, K., Elykov, A., Farrell, S., Ferella, A. D., Ferrari, C., Fischer, H., Fulgione, W., Gaemers, P., Gaior, R., Rosso, A. Gallo, Galloway, M., Gao, F., Gardner, R., Glade-Beucke, R., Grandi, L., Grigat, J., Guida, M., Hammann, R., Higuera, A., Hils, C., Hoetzsch, L., Howlett, J., Iacovacci, M., Itow, Y., Jakob, J., Joerg, F., Joy, A., Kato, N., Kara, M., Kavrigin, P., Kazama, S., Kobayashi, M., Koltman, G., Kopec, A., Kuger, F., Landsman, H., Lang, R. F., Levinson, L., Li, I., Li, S., Liang, S., Lindemann, S., Lindner, M., Liu, K., Loizeau, J., Lombardi, F., Long, J., Lopes, J. A. M., Ma, Y., Macolino, C., Mahlstedt, J., Mancuso, A., Manenti, L., Marignetti, F., Undagoitia, T. Marrodán, Martens, K., Masbou, J., Masson, D., Masson, E., Mastroianni, S., Messina, M., Miuchi, K., Mizukoshi, K., Molinario, A., Moriyama, S., Morå, K., Mosbacher, Y., Murra, M., Müller, J., Ni, K., Oberlack, U., Paetsch, B., Palacio, J., Paschos, P., Peres, R., Peters, C., Pienaar, J., Pierre, M., Pizzella, V., Plante, G., Qi, J., Qin, J., García, D. Ramírez, Reichard, S., Rocchetti, A., Rupp, N., Sanchez, L., Santos, J. M. F. dos, Sarnoff, I., Sartorelli, G., Schreiner, J., Schulte, D., Schulte, P., Eißing, H. Schulze, Schumann, M., Lavina, L. Scotto, Selvi, M., Semeria, F., Shagin, P., Shi, S., Shockley, E., Silva, M., Simgen, H., Stephen, J., Takeda, A., Tan, P. -L., Terliuk, A., Thers, D., Toschi, F., Trinchero, G., Tunnell, C., Tönnies, F., Valerius, K., Volta, G., Wei, Y., Weinheimer, C., Weiss, M., Wenz, D., Wittweg, C., Wolf, T., Xu, D., Xu, Z., Yamashita, M., Yang, L., Ye, J., Yuan, L., Zavattini, G., Zhong, M., and Zhu, T.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We report on a blinded analysis of low-energy electronic-recoil data from the first science run of the XENONnT dark matter experiment. Novel subsystems and the increased 5.9 tonne liquid xenon target reduced the background in the (1, 30) keV search region to $(15.8 \pm 1.3)$ events/(tonne$\times$year$\times$keV), the lowest ever achieved in a dark matter detector and $\sim$5 times lower than in XENON1T. With an exposure of 1.16 tonne-years, we observe no excess above background and set stringent new limits on solar axions, an enhanced neutrino magnetic moment, and bosonic dark matter., Comment: 10 pages, 6 figures. Data points are available in https://zenodo.org/record/7311940

Published
2022
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27. Industry needs matter—Incorporating stakeholder interests in the selection of flower resources to support pollinators

Author

Ulrika Samnegård, Jeremy Jones, Karen C. B. S. Santos, Emma Goodwin, Maurizio Rocchetti, and Romina Rader

Subjects
floral identity, framework, industry, perennial crop systems, plant selection, pollination services, Environmental sciences, GE1-350, Ecology, QH540-549.5
Abstract

Abstract Most pollinator policy initiatives are focused on habitat restoration and increasing the availability of floral resources, yet the choice of plant species is not always compatible with farming system cultivation and management needs. In this paper, we developed a framework for selecting plants to specifically meet stakeholder needs. We trialled 19 plant species and collected observational data on plant‐insect visitors, plant survival in the orchard environment and potential risks to crops and the environment. We used this framework to identify plants suitable to incorporate into blueberry cropping systems. Practical implication: Our framework ensured plant choice based on informed decisions and allowed the selection of two plant species that aligned well with industry needs. Different plants may be optimal for different conservation aims, hence plants selected need ideally to be evaluated for their use by the flower‐visiting taxa, as well as align with industry growing practices and needs.

Published
2024
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28. Double-Weak Decays of $^{124}$Xe and $^{136}$Xe in the XENON1T and XENONnT Experiments

Author

Aprile, E., Abe, K., Agostini, F., Maouloud, S. Ahmed, Alfonsi, M., Althueser, L., Andrieu, B., Angelino, E., Angevaare, J. R., Antochi, V. C., Martin, D. Antón, Arneodo, F., Baudis, L., Baxter, A. L., Bellagamba, L., Biondi, R., Bismark, A., Brown, A., Bruenner, S., Bruno, G., Budnik, R., Cai, C., Capelli, C., Cardoso, J. M. R., Cichon, D., Clark, M., Colijn, A. P., Conrad, J., Cuenca-García, J. J., Cussonneau, J. P., D'Andrea, V., Decowski, M. P., Di Gangi, P., Di Pede, S., Di Giovanni, A., Di Stefano, R., Diglio, S., Eitel, K., Elykov, A., Farrell, S., Ferella, A. D., Fischer, H., Fulgione, W., Gaemers, P., Gaior, R., Rosso, A. Gallo, Galloway, M., Gao, F., Glade-Beucke, R., Grandi, L., Grigat, J., Guida, M., Higuera, A., Hils, C., Hoetzsch, L., Howlett, J., Iacovacci, M., Itow, Y., Jakob, J., Joerg, F., Joy, A., Kato, N., Kara, M., Kavrigin, P., Kazama, S., Kobayashi, M., Koltman, G., Kopec, A., Landsman, H., Lang, R. F., Levinson, L., Li, I., Li, S., Liang, S., Lindemann, S., Lindner, M., Liu, K., Loizeau, J., Lombardi, F., Long, J., Lopes, J. A. M., Ma, Y., Macolino, C., Mahlstedt, J., Mancuso, A., Manenti, L., Manfredini, A., Marignetti, F., Undagoitia, T. Marrodán, Martens, K., Masbou, J., Masson, D., Masson, E., Mastroianni, S., Messina, M., Miuchi, K., Mizukoshi, K., Molinario, A., Moriyama, S., Morå, K., Mosbacher, Y., Murra, M., Müller, J., Ni, K., Oberlack, U., Paetsch, B., Palacio, J., Peres, R., Pienaar, J., Pierre, M., Pizzella, V., Plante, G., Qi, J., Qin, J., García, D. Ramírez, Reichard, S., Rocchetti, A., Rupp, N., Sanchez, L., Santos, J. M. F. dos, Sarnoff, I., Sartorelli, G., Schreiner, J., Schulte, D., Schulte, P., Eißing, H. Schulze, Schumann, M., Lavina, L. Scotto, Selvi, M., Semeria, F., Shagin, P., Shi, S., Shockley, E., Silva, M., Simgen, H., Takeda, A., Tan, P. -L., Terliuk, A., Thers, D., Toschi, F., Trinchero, G., Tunnell, C., Tönnies, F., Valerius, K., Volta, G., Wei, Y., Weinheimer, C., Weiss, M., Wenz, D., Wittweg, C., Wolf, T., Xu, Z., Yamashita, M., Yang, L., Ye, J., Yuan, L., Zavattini, G., Zerbo, S., Zhong, M., and Zhu, T.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

We present results on the search for double-electron capture ($2\nu\text{ECEC}$) of $^{124}$Xe and neutrinoless double-$\beta$ decay ($0\nu\beta\beta$) of $^{136}$Xe in XENON1T. We consider captures from the K- up to the N-shell in the $2\nu\text{ECEC}$ signal model and measure a total half-life of $T_{1/2}^{2\nu\text{ECEC}}=(1.1\pm0.2_\text{stat}\pm0.1_\text{sys})\times 10^{22}\;\text{yr}$ with a $0.87\;\text{kg}\times\text{yr}$ isotope exposure. The statistical significance of the signal is $7.0\,\sigma$. We use XENON1T data with $36.16\;\text{kg}\times\text{yr}$ of $^{136}$Xe exposure to search for $0\nu\beta\beta$. We find no evidence of a signal and set a lower limit on the half-life of $T_{1/2}^{0\nu\beta\beta} > 1.2 \times 10^{24}\;\text{yr}\; \text{at}\; 90\,\%\;\text{CL}$. This is the best result from a dark matter detector without an enriched target to date. We also report projections on the sensitivity of XENONnT to $0\nu\beta\beta$. Assuming a $275\;\text{kg}\times\text{yr}$ $^{136}$Xe exposure, the expected sensitivity is $T_{1/2}^{0\nu\beta\beta} > 2.1 \times 10^{25}\;\text{yr}\; \text{at}\; 90\,\%\;\text{CL}$, corresponding to an effective Majorana mass range of $\langle m_{\beta\beta} \rangle < (0.19 - 0.59)\;\text{eV/c}^2$., Comment: 23 pages, 14 figures, 9 tables, version accepted for publication in Phys. Rev. C

Published
2022
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29. REPTILE: A Proactive Real-Time Deep Reinforcement Learning Self-adaptive Framework

Author

Corradini, Flavio, Loreti, Miichele, Piangerelli, Marco, and Rocchetti, Giacomo

Subjects
Computer Science - Software Engineering, Computer Science - Artificial Intelligence
Abstract

In this work a general framework is proposed to support the development of software systems that are able to adapt their behaviour according to the operating environment changes. The proposed approach, named REPTILE, works in a complete proactive manner and relies on Deep Reinforcement Learning-based agents to react to events, referred as novelties, that can affect the expected behaviour of the system. In our framework, two types of novelties are taken into account: those related to the context/environment and those related to the physical architecture itself. The framework, predicting those novelties before their occurrence, extracts time-changing models of the environment and uses a suitable Markov Decision Process to deal with the real-time setting. Moreover, the architecture of our RL agent evolves based on the possible actions that can be taken.

Published
2022

30. A Next-Generation Liquid Xenon Observatory for Dark Matter and Neutrino Physics

Author

Aalbers, J., Abe, K., Aerne, V., Agostini, F., Maouloud, S. Ahmed, Akerib, D. S., Akimov, D. Yu., Akshat, J., Musalhi, A. K. Al, Alder, F., Alsum, S. K., Althueser, L., Amarasinghe, C. S., Amaro, F. D., Ames, A., Anderson, T. J., Andrieu, B., Angelides, N., Angelino, E., Angevaare, J., Antochi, V. C., Martin, D. Antón, Antunovic, B., Aprile, E., Araújo, H. M., Armstrong, J. E., Arneodo, F., Arthurs, M., Asadi, P., Baek, S., Bai, X., Bajpai, D., Baker, A., Balajthy, J., Balashov, S., Balzer, M., Bandyopadhyay, A., Bang, J., Barberio, E., Bargemann, J. W., Baudis, L., Bauer, D., Baur, D., Baxter, A., Baxter, A. L., Bazyk, M., Beattie, K., Behrens, J., Bell, N. F., Bellagamba, L., Beltrame, P., Benabderrahmane, M., Bernard, E. P., Bertone, G. F., Bhattacharjee, P., Bhatti, A., Biekert, A., Biesiadzinski, T. P., Binau, A. R., Biondi, R., Biondi, Y., Birch, H. J., Bishara, F., Bismark, A., Blanco, C., Blockinger, G. M., Bodnia, E., Boehm, C., Bolozdynya, A. I., Bolton, P. D., Bottaro, S., Bourgeois, C., Boxer, B., Brás, P., Breskin, A., Breur, P. A., Brew, C. A. J., Brod, J., Brookes, E., Brown, A., Brown, E., Bruenner, S., Bruno, G., Budnik, R., Bui, T. K., Burdin, S., Buse, S., Busenitz, J. K., Buttazzo, D., Buuck, M., Buzulutskov, A., Cabrita, R., Cai, C., Cai, D., Capelli, C., Cardoso, J. M. R., Carmona-Benitez, M. C., Cascella, M., Catena, R., Chakraborty, S., Chan, C., Chang, S., Chauvin, A., Chawla, A., Chen, H., Chepel, V., Chott, N. I., Cichon, D., Chavez, A. Cimental, Cimmino, B., Clark, M., Co, R. T., Colijn, A. P., Conrad, J., Converse, M. V., Costa, M., Cottle, A., Cox, G., Creaner, O., Garcia, J. J. Cuenca, Cussonneau, J. P., Cutter, J. E., Dahl, C. E., D'Andrea, V., David, A., Decowski, M. P., Dent, J. B., Deppisch, F. F., de Viveiros, L., Di Gangi, P., Di Giovanni, A., Di Pede, S., Dierle, J., Diglio, S., Dobson, J. E. Y., Doerenkamp, M., Douillet, D., Drexlin, G., Druszkiewicz, E., Dunsky, D., Eitel, K., Elykov, A., Emken, T., Engel, R., Eriksen, S. R., Fairbairn, M., Fan, A., Fan, J. J., Farrell, S. J., Fayer, S., Fearon, N. M., Ferella, A., Ferrari, C., Fieguth, A., Fiorucci, S., Fischer, H., Flaecher, H., Flierman, M., Florek, T., Foot, R., Fox, P. J., Franceschini, R., Fraser, E. D., Frenk, C. S., Frohlich, S., Fruth, T., Fulgione, W., Fuselli, C., Gaemers, P., Gaior, R., Gaitskell, R. J., Galloway, M., Gao, F., Garcia, I. Garcia, Genovesi, J., Ghag, C., Ghosh, S., Gibson, E., Gil, W., Giovagnoli, D., Girard, F., Glade-Beucke, R., Glück, F., Gokhale, S., de Gouvêa, A., Gráf, L., Grandi, L., Grigat, J., Grinstein, B., van der Grinten, M. G. D., Grössle, R., Guan, H., Guida, M., Gumbsheimer, R., Gwilliam, C. B., Hall, C. R., Hall, L. J., Hammann, R., Han, K., Hannen, V., Hansmann-Menzemer, S., Harata, R., Hardin, S. P., Hardy, E., Hardy, C. A., Harigaya, K., Harnik, R., Haselschwardt, S. J., Hernandez, M., Hertel, S. A., Higuera, A., Hils, C., Hochrein, S., Hoetzsch, L., Hoferichter, M., Hood, N., Hooper, D., Horn, M., Howlett, J., Huang, D. Q., Huang, Y., Hunt, D., Iacovacci, M., Iaquaniello, G., Ide, R., Ignarra, C. M., Iloglu, G., Itow, Y., Jacquet, E., Jahangir, O., Jakob, J., James, R. S., Jansen, A., Ji, W., Ji, X., Joerg, F., Johnson, J., Joy, A., Kaboth, A. C., Kamaha, A. C., Kanezaki, K., Kar, K., Kara, M., Kato, N., Kavrigin, P., Kazama, S., Keaveney, A. W., Kellerer, J., Khaitan, D., Khazov, A., Khundzakishvili, G., Khurana, I., Kilminster, B., Kleifges, M., Ko, P., Kobayashi, M., Kodroff, D., Koltmann, G., Kopec, A., Kopmann, A., Kopp, J., Korley, L., Kornoukhov, V. N., Korolkova, E. V., Kraus, H., Krauss, L. M., Kravitz, S., Kreczko, L., Kudryavtsev, V. A., Kuger, F., Kumar, J., Paredes, B. López, LaCascio, L., Laine, Q., Landsman, H., Lang, R. F., Leason, E. A., Lee, J., Leonard, D. S., Lesko, K. T., Levinson, L., Levy, C., Li, I., Li, S. C., Li, T., Liang, S., Liebenthal, C. S., Lin, J., Lin, Q., Lindemann, S., Lindner, M., Lindote, A., Linehan, R., Lippincott, W. H., Liu, X., Liu, K., Liu, J., Loizeau, J., Lombardi, F., Long, J., Lopes, M. I., Asamar, E. Lopez, Lorenzon, W., Lu, C., Luitz, S., Ma, Y., Machado, P. A. N., Macolino, C., Maeda, T., Mahlstedt, J., Majewski, P. A., Manalaysay, A., Mancuso, A., Manenti, L., Manfredini, A., Mannino, R. L., Marangou, N., March-Russell, J., Marignetti, F., Undagoitia, T. Marrodán, Martens, K., Martin, R., Martinez-Soler, I., Masbou, J., Masson, D., Masson, E., Mastroianni, S., Mastronardi, M., Matias-Lopes, J. A., McCarthy, M. E., McFadden, N., McGinness, E., McKinsey, D. N., McLaughlin, J., McMichael, K., Meinhardt, P., Menéndez, J., Meng, Y., Messina, M., Midha, R., Milisavljevic, D., Miller, E. H., Milosevic, B., Milutinovic, S., Mitra, S. A., Miuchi, K., Mizrachi, E., Mizukoshi, K., Molinario, A., Monte, A., Monteiro, C. M. B., Monzani, M. E., Moore, J. S., Morå, K., Morad, J. A., Mendoza, J. D. Morales, Moriyama, S., Morrison, E., Morteau, E., Mosbacher, Y., Mount, B. J., Mueller, J., Murphy, A. St. J., Murra, M., Naim, D., Nakamura, S., Nash, E., Navaieelavasani, N., Naylor, A., Nedlik, C., Nelson, H. N., Neves, F., Newstead, J. L., Ni, K., Nikoleyczik, J. A., Niro, V., Oberlack, U. G., Obradovic, M., Odgers, K., O'Hare, C. A. J., Oikonomou, P., Olcina, I., Oliver-Mallory, K., Oranday, A., Orpwood, J., Ostrovskiy, I., Ozaki, K., Paetsch, B., Pal, S., Palacio, J., Palladino, K. J., Palmer, J., Panci, P., Pandurovic, M., Parlati, A., Parveen, N., Patton, S. J., Pěč, V., Pellegrini, Q., Penning, B., Pereira, G., Peres, R., Perez-Gonzalez, Y., Perry, E., Pershing, T., Petrossian-Byrne, R., Pienaar, J., Piepke, A., Pieramico, G., Pierre, M., Piotter, M., Pizella, V., Plante, G., Pollmann, T., Porzio, D., Qi, J., Qie, Y., Qin, J., Raj, N., Silva, M. Rajado, Ramanathan, K., García, D. Ramírez, Ravanis, J., Redard-Jacot, L., Redigolo, D., Reichard, S., Reichenbacher, J., Rhyne, C. A., Richards, A., Riffard, Q., Rischbieter, G. R. C., Rocchetti, A., Rosenfeld, S. L., Rosero, R., Rupp, N., Rushton, T., Saha, S., Sanchez, L., Sanchez-Lucas, P., Santone, D., Santos, J. M. F. dos, Sarnoff, I., Sartorelli, G., Sazzad, A. B. M. R., Scheibelhut, M., Schnee, R. W., Schrank, M., Schreiner, J., Schulte, P., Schulte, D., Eissing, H. Schulze, Schumann, M., Schwemberger, T., Schwenk, A., Schwetz, T., Lavina, L. Scotto, Scovell, P. R., Sekiya, H., Selvi, M., Semenov, E., Semeria, F., Shagin, P., Shaw, S., Shi, S., Shockley, E., Shutt, T. A., Si-Ahmed, R., Silk, J. J., Silva, C., Silva, M. C., Simgen, H., Šimkovic, F., Sinev, G., Singh, R., Skulski, W., Smirnov, J., Smith, R., Solmaz, M., Solovov, V. N., Sorensen, P., Soria, J., Sparmann, T. J., Stancu, I., Steidl, M., Stevens, A., Stifter, K., Strigari, L. E., Subotic, D., Suerfu, B., Suliga, A. M., Sumner, T. J., Szabo, P., Szydagis, M., Takeda, A., Takeuchi, Y., Tan, P. -L., Taricco, C., Taylor, W. C., Temples, D. J., Terliuk, A., Terman, P. A., Thers, D., Thieme, K., Thümmler, Th., Tiedt, D. R., Timalsina, M., To, W. H., Toennies, F., Tong, Z., Toschi, F., Tovey, D. R., Tranter, J., Trask, M., Trinchero, G. C., Tripathi, M., Tronstad, D. R., Trotta, R., Tsai, Y. D., Tunnell, C. D., Turner, W. G., Ueno, R., Urquijo, P., Utku, U., Vaitkus, A., Valerius, K., Vassilev, E., Vecchi, S., Velan, V., Vetter, S., Vincent, A. C., Vittorio, L., Volta, G., von Krosigk, B., von Piechowski, M., Vorkapic, D., Wagner, C. E. M., Wang, A. M., Wang, B., Wang, Y., Wang, W., Wang, J. J., Wang, L. -T., Wang, M., Watson, J. R., Wei, Y., Weinheimer, C., Weisman, E., Weiss, M., Wenz, D., West, S. M., Whitis, T. J., Williams, M., Wilson, M. J., Winkler, D., Wittweg, C., Wolf, J., Wolf, T., Wolfs, F. L. H., Woodford, S., Woodward, D., Wright, C. J., Wu, V. H. S., Wu, P., Wüstling, S., Wurm, M., Xia, Q., Xiang, X., Xing, Y., Xu, J., Xu, Z., Xu, D., Yamashita, M., Yamazaki, R., Yan, H., Yang, L., Yang, Y., Ye, J., Yeh, M., Young, I., Yu, H. B., Yu, T. T., Yuan, L., Zavattini, G., Zerbo, S., Zhang, Y., Zhong, M., Zhou, N., Zhou, X., Zhu, T., Zhu, Y., Zhuang, Y., Zopounidis, J. P., Zuber, K., and Zupan, J.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The nature of dark matter and properties of neutrinos are among the most pressing issues in contemporary particle physics. The dual-phase xenon time-projection chamber is the leading technology to cover the available parameter space for Weakly Interacting Massive Particles (WIMPs), while featuring extensive sensitivity to many alternative dark matter candidates. These detectors can also study neutrinos through neutrinoless double-beta decay and through a variety of astrophysical sources. A next-generation xenon-based detector will therefore be a true multi-purpose observatory to significantly advance particle physics, nuclear physics, astrophysics, solar physics, and cosmology. This review article presents the science cases for such a detector., Comment: 77 pages, 40 figures, 1262 references

Published
2022
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31. Selective SERCA2a activator as a candidate for chronic heart failure therapy

Author

Martina Arici, Shih-Che Hsu, Mara Ferrandi, Paolo Barassi, Carlotta Ronchi, Eleonora Torre, Andrea Luraghi, Gwo-Jyh Chang, Patrizia Ferrari, Giuseppe Bianchi, Francesco Peri, Antonio Zaza, and Marcella Rocchetti

Subjects
SERCA2a, Istaroxime, PST3093, Heart failure, Diastolic dysfunction, STZ, Medicine
Abstract

Abstract Background The sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca2+ ATPase (SERCA2a) depression substantially contributes to diastolic dysfunction in heart failure (HF), suggesting that SERCA2a stimulation may be a mechanism-based HF therapy. Istaroxime is a drug endowed with both a SERCA2a stimulatory activity and a Na+/K+ pump inhibitory activity for acute HF treatment. Its main metabolite PST3093 shows a more favorable therapeutic profile as compared to the parent drug, but it is still unsuitable for chronic usage. Novel PST3093 derivatives have been recently developed for oral (chronic) HF treatment; compound 8 was selected among them and here characterized. Methods Effects of compound 8 were evaluated in a context of SERCA2a depression, by using streptozotocin-treated rats, a well-known model of diastolic dysfunction. The impact of SERCA2a stimulation by compound 8 was assessed at the cellular level ad in vivo, following i.v. infusion (acute effects) or oral administration (chronic effects). Results As expected from SERCA2a stimulation, compound 8 induced SR Ca2+ compartmentalization in STZ myocytes. In-vivo echocardiographic analysis during i.v. infusion and after repeated oral administration of compound 8, detected a significant improvement of diastolic function. Moreover, compound 8 did not affect electrical activity of healthy guinea-pig myocytes, in line with the absence of off-target effects. Finally, compound 8 was well tolerated in mice with no evidence of acute toxicity. Conclusions The pharmacological evaluation of compound 8 indicates that it may be a safe and selective drug for a mechanism-based treatment of chronic HF by restoring SERCA2a activity. Graphical Abstract

Published
2024
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33. The epidemiology and management of odontomas: a European multicenter study

Author

Boffano, Paolo, Cavarra, Francesco, Brucoli, Matteo, Ruslin, Muhammad, Forouzanfar, Tymour, Ridwan-Pramana, Angela, Rodríguez-Santamarta, Tanía, de Vicente, Juan Carlos, Starch-Jensen, Thomas, Pechalova, Petia, Pavlov, Nikolai, Doykova, Iva, Konstantinovic, Vitomir S., Jezdić, Zoran, Barrabé, Aude, Louvrier, Aurélien, Meyer, Christophe, Snäll, Johanna, Hagström, Jaana, Dovšak, Tadej, Birk, Anže, and Rocchetti, Vincenzo

Published
2023
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34. Application and modeling of an online distillation method to reduce krypton and argon in XENON1T

Author

Aprile, E., Abe, K., Agostini, F., Maouloud, S. Ahmed, Alfonsi, M., Althueser, L., Angelino, E., Angevaare, J. R., Antochi, V. C., Martin, D. Antón, Arneodo, F., Baudis, L., Baxter, A. L., Bellagamba, L., Bernard, A., Biondi, R., Bismark, A., Brown, A., Bruenner, S., Bruno, G., Budnik, R., Capelli, C., Cardoso, J. M. R., Cichon, D., Cimmino, B., Clark, M., Colijn, A. P., Conrad, J., Cuenca-García, J. J., Cussonneau, J. P., D'Andrea, V., Decowski, M. P., Di Gangi, P., Di Pede, S., Di Giovanni, A., Di Stefano, R., Diglio, S., Elykov, A., Farrell, S., Ferella, A. D., Fischer, H., Form, S., Fulgione, W., Gaemers, P., Gaior, R., Galloway, M., Gao, F., Glade-Beucke, R., Grandi, L., Grigat, J., Higuera, A., Hils, C., Hiraide, K., Hoetzsch, L., Howlett, J., Huhmann, C., Iacovacci, M., Itow, Y., Jakob, J., Joerg, F., Kato, N., Kavrigin, P., Kazama, S., Kobayashi, M., Koltman, G., Kopec, A., Landsman, H., Lang, R. F., Levinson, L., Li, I., Liang, S., Lindemann, S., Lindner, M., Liu, K., Lombardi, F., Long, J., Lopes, J. A. M., Ma, Y., Macolino, C., Mahlstedt, J., Mancuso, A., Manenti, L., Manfredini, A., Marignetti, F., Undagoitia, T. Marrodán, Martens, K., Masbou, J., Masson, D., Masson, E., Mastroianni, S., Messina, M., Miuchi, K., Mizukoshi, K., Molinario, A., Moriyama, S., Morå, K., Mosbacher, Y., Murra, M., Ni, K., Oberlack, U., Palacio, J., Peres, R., Pienaar, J., Pierre, M., Pizzella, V., Plante, G., Qi, J., Qin, J., García, D. Ramírez, Reichard, S., Rocchetti, A., Rupp, N., Sanchez, L., Santos, J. M. F. dos, Sartorelli, G., Schreiner, J., Schulte, D., Eißing, H. Schulze, Schumann, M., Lavina, L. Scotto, Selvi, M., Semeria, F., Shagin, P., Shockley, E., Silva, M., Simgen, H., Takeda, A., Tan, P. -L., Terliuk, A., Therreau, C., Thers, D., Toschi, F., Trinchero, G., Tunnell, C., Tönnies, F., Valerius, K., Volta, G., Wei, Y., Weinheimer, C., Weiss, M., Wenz, D., Westermann, J., Wittweg, C., Wolf, T., Xu, Z., Yamashita, M., Yang, L., Ye, J., Yuan, L., Zavattini, G., Zhang, Y., Zhong, M., Zhu, T., and Zopounidis, J. P.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

A novel online distillation technique was developed for the XENON1T dark matter experiment to reduce intrinsic background components more volatile than xenon, such as krypton or argon, while the detector was operating. The method is based on a continuous purification of the gaseous volume of the detector system using the XENON1T cryogenic distillation column. A krypton-in-xenon concentration of $(360 \pm 60)$ ppq was achieved. It is the lowest concentration measured in the fiducial volume of an operating dark matter detector to date. A model was developed and fit to the data to describe the krypton evolution in the liquid and gas volumes of the detector system for several operation modes over the time span of 550 days, including the commissioning and science runs of XENON1T. The online distillation was also successfully applied to remove Ar-37 after its injection for a low energy calibration in XENON1T. This makes the usage of Ar-37 as a regular calibration source possible in the future. The online distillation can be applied to next-generation experiments to remove krypton prior to, or during, any science run. The model developed here allows further optimization of the distillation strategy for future large scale detectors.

Published
2021
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35. Emission of Single and Few Electrons in XENON1T and Limits on Light Dark Matter

Author

Aprile, E., Abe, K., Agostini, F., Maouloud, S. Ahmed, Alfonsi, M., Althueser, L., Angelino, E., Angevaare, J. R., Antochi, V. C., Martin, D. Antón, Arneodo, F., Baudis, L., Baxter, A. L., Bellagamba, L., Bernard, A., Biondi, R., Bismark, A., Brown, A., Bruenner, S., Bruno, G., Budnik, R., Capelli, C., Cardoso, J. M. R., Cichon, D., Cimmino, B., Clark, M., Colijn, A. P., Conrad, J., Cuenca-García, J. J., Cussonneau, J. P., D'Andrea, V., Decowski, M. P., Di Gangi, P., Di Pede, S., Di Giovanni, A., Di Stefano, R., Diglio, S., Elykov, A., Farrell, S., Ferella, A. D., Fischer, H., Fulgione, W., Gaemers, P., Gaior, R., Galloway, M., Gao, F., Glade-Beucke, R., Grandi, L., Grigat, J., Higuera, A., Hils, C., Hoetzsch, L., Howlett, J., Iacovacci, M., Itow, Y., Jakob, J., Joerg, F., Joy, A., Kato, N., Kavrigin, P., Kazama, S., Kobayashi, M., Koltman, G., Kopec, A., Landsman, H., Lang, R. F., Levinson, L., Li, I., Li, S., Liang, S., Lindemann, S., Lindner, M., Liu, K., Lombardi, F., Long, J., Lopes, J. A. M., Ma, Y., Macolino, C., Mahlstedt, J., Mancuso, A., Manenti, L., Manfredini, A., Marignetti, F., Undagoitia, T. Marrodán, Martens, K., Masbou, J., Masson, D., Masson, E., Mastroianni, S., Messina, M., Miuchi, K., Mizukoshi, K., Molinario, A., Moriyama, S., Morå, K., Mosbacher, Y., Murra, M., Müller, J., Ni, K., Oberlack, U., Paetsch, B., Palacio, J., Peres, R., Pienaar, J., Pierre, M., Pizzella, V., Plante, G., Qi, J., Qin, J., García, D. Ramírez, Reichard, S., Rocchetti, A., Rupp, N., Sanchez, L., Santos, J. M. F. dos, Sarnoff, I., Sartorelli, G., Schreiner, J., Schulte, D., Eißing, H. Schulze, Schumann, M., Lavina, L. Scotto, Selvi, M., Semeria, F., Shagin, P., Shenyang, S., Shockley, E., Silva, M., Simgen, H., Takeda, A., Tan, P. -L., Terliuk, A., Thers, D., Toschi, F., Trinchero, G., Tunnell, C., Tönnies, F., Valerius, K., Volta, G., Wei, Y., Weinheimer, C., Weiss, M., Wenz, D., Wittweg, C., Wolf, T., Xu, Z., Yamashita, M., Yang, L., Ye, J., Yuan, L., Zavattini, G., Zhang, Y., Zhong, M., Zhu, T., and Zopounidis, J. P.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

Delayed single- and few-electron emissions plague dual-phase time projection chambers, limiting their potential to search for light-mass dark matter. This paper examines the origins of these events in the XENON1T experiment. Characterization of the intensity of delayed electron backgrounds shows that the resulting emissions are correlated, in time and position, with high-energy events and can effectively be vetoed. In this work we extend previous S2-only analyses down to a single electron. From this analysis, after removing the correlated backgrounds, we observe rates < 30 events/(electron*kg*day) in the region of interest spanning 1 to 5 electrons. We derive 90% confidence upper limits for dark matter-electron scattering, first direct limits on the electric dipole, magnetic dipole, and anapole interactions, and bosonic dark matter models, where we exclude new parameter space for dark photons and solar dark photons., Comment: 20 pages, 17 figures, Updated to correct published Solar Dark Photon limit

Published
2021
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36. Material radiopurity control in the XENONnT experiment

Author

Aprile, E., Abe, K., Agostini, F., Maouloud, S. Ahmed, Alfonsi, M., Althueser, L., Angelino, E., Angevaare, J. R., Antochi, V. C., Martin, D. Antón, Arneodo, F., Baudis, L., Baxter, A. L., Bellagamba, L., Biondi, R., Bismark, A., Brown, A., Bruenner, S., Bruno, G., Budnik, R., Capelli, C., Cardoso, J. M. R., Cichon, D., Cimmino, B., Clark, M., Colijn, A. P., Conrad, J., Cuenca-García, J. J., Cussonneau, J. P., D'Andrea, V., Decowski, M. P., Di Gangi, P., Di Pede, S., Di Giovanni, A., Di Stefano, R., Diglio, S., Elykov, A., Farrell, S., Ferella, A. D., Fischer, H., Fulgione, W., Gaemers, P., Gaior, R., Galloway, M., Gao, F., Glade-Beucke, R., Grandi, L., Grigat, J., Higuera, A., Hils, C., Hiraide, K., Hoetzsch, L., Howlett, J., Iacovacci, M., Itow, Y., Jakob, J., Joerg, F., Kato, N., Kavrigin, P., Kazama, S., Kobayashi, M., Koltman, G., Kopec, A., Landsman, H., Lang, R. F., Levinson, L., Li, I., Liang, S., Lindemann, S., Lindner, M., Liu, K., Lombardi, F., Long, J., Lopes, J. A. M., Ma, Y., Macolino, C., Mahlstedt, J., Mancuso, A., Manenti, L., Manfredini, A., Marignetti, F., Undagoitia, T. Marrodán, Martens, K., Masbou, J., Masson, D., Masson, E., Mastroianni, S., Messina, M., Miuchi, K., Mizukoshi, K., Molinario, A., Moriyama, S., Morå, K., Mosbacher, Y., Murra, M., Ni, K., Oberlack, U., Palacio, J., Peres, R., Pienaar, J., Pierre, M., Pizzella, V., Plante, G., Qi, J., Qin, J., García, D. Ramírez, Reichard, S., Rocchetti, A., Rupp, N., Sanchez, L., Santos, J. M. F. dos, Sartorelli, G., Schreiner, J., Schulte, D., Eißing, H. Schulze, Schumann, M., Lavina, L. Scotto, Selvi, M., Semeria, F., Shagin, P., Shockley, E., Silva, M., Simgen, H., Takeda, A., Tan, P. -L., Terliuk, A., Therreau, C., Thers, D., Toschi, F., Trinchero, G., Tunnell, C., Tönnies, F., Valerius, K., Volta, G., Wei, Y., Weinheimer, C., Weiss, M., Wenz, D., Westermann, J., Wittweg, C., Wolf, T., Xu, Z., Yamashita, M., Yang, L., Ye, J., Yuan, L., Zavattini, G., Zhang, Y., Zhong, M., Zhu, T., Zopounidis, J. P., Laubenstein, M., and Nisi, S.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The selection of low-radioactive construction materials is of the utmost importance for rare-event searches and thus critical to the XENONnT experiment. Results of an extensive radioassay program are reported, in which material samples have been screened with gamma-ray spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, and $^{222}$Rn emanation measurements. Furthermore, the cleanliness procedures applied to remove or mitigate surface contamination of detector materials are described. Screening results, used as inputs for a XENONnT Monte Carlo simulation, predict a reduction of materials background ($\sim$17%) with respect to its predecessor XENON1T. Through radon emanation measurements, the expected $^{222}$Rn activity concentration in XENONnT is determined to be 4.2$\,(^{+0.5}_{-0.7})\,\mu$Bq/kg, a factor three lower with respect to XENON1T. This radon concentration will be further suppressed by means of the novel radon distillation system.

Published
2021
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37. Cross-Over Application of Algerian Dairy Lactic Acid Bacteria for the Design of Plant-Based Products: Characterization of Weissella cibaria and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum for the Formulation of Quinoa-Based Beverage

Author

Radjaa Cirat, Zineb Benmechernene, Hülya Cunedioğlu, Mariacinzia Rutigliano, Angela Scauro, Khaled Abderrahmani, Kihal Mebrouk, Vittorio Capozzi, Giuseppe Spano, Barbara la Gatta, Maria Teresa Rocchetti, Daniela Fiocco, and Mariagiovanna Fragasso

Subjects
lactic acid bacteria, non-cow milk, probiotic, antimicrobial activity, camel milk, fermentation, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

The food industry constantly seeks new starter cultures with superior characteristics to enhance the sensory and overall quality of final products. Starting from a collection of Algerian dairy (goat and camel) lactic acid bacteria, this work focused on the exploration of the technological and probiotic potential of Weissella cibaria (VR81 and LVT1) and Lactiplantibacillus plantarum R12 strains isolated from raw camel milk and fermented milk, respectively. These bioactive strains were selected for their high performance among ten other LAB strains and were used as starter cultures to develop a novel and nutritionally enhanced dairy-like plant-based yogurt using quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa Willd) as a raw matrix. The strains were evaluated for their antagonistic effects against Listeria innocua, Listeria ivanovii, Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica, and Pseudomonas aeruginosa, resilience to acidic and osmotic challenges, and tolerance to gastrointestinal mimicking conditions (i.e., pepsin and bile salt). Their aggregation and adhesion profiles were also analyzed. Furthermore, L. plantarum and W. cibaria were tested in single and co-culture for the fermentation and biocontrol of quinoa. The strains exhibited probiotic properties, including a high potential for biocontrol applications, specifically against L. innocua and P. aeruginosa (20 mm diameter zone with the neutralized cell-free supernatant), which disappeared after protease treatment, suggesting that bioactive peptides might be responsible for the observed antimicrobial effect. Additionally, they demonstrated resilience to acidic (pH 2) and osmotic challenges (1M sucrose), tolerance to gastro-intestinal conditions, as well as good aggregation and adhesion profile. Furthermore, the strains were able to produce metabolites of interest, such as exopolysaccharide (yielding up to 4.7 mg/mL) and riboflavin, reaching considerable production levels of 2.5 mg/L upon roseoflavin selection. The application of W. cibaria and L. plantarum as primary starters (both in single and co-culture) for fermenting quinoa resulted in effective acidification of the matrix (ΔpH of 2.03 units) and high-quality beverage production. in vivo challenge tests against L. innocua showed the complete inhibition of this pathogen when L. plantarum was included in the starter, either alone or in combination with W. cibaria. Both species also inhibited Staphylococcus and filamentous fungi. Moreover, the co-culture of mutant strains of L. plantarum R12d and W. cibaria VR81d produced riboflavin levels of 175.41 µg/100 g in fermented quinoa, underscoring their potential as starters for the fermentation, biopreservation, and biofortification of quinoa while also displaying promising probiotic characteristics.

Published
2024
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38. Evaluation of a Commercial Rapid Molecular Point-of-Care Assay for Differential Diagnosis Between SARS-CoV-2 and Flu A/B Infections in a Pediatric Setting

Author

Paolo Bottino, Costanza Massarino, Christian Leli, Elisabetta Scomparin, Cristina Bara, Franca Gotta, Elisa Cornaglia, Enrico Felici, Michela Gentile, Sara Ranzan, Alessia Francese, Francesca Ugo, Serena Penpa, Annalisa Roveta, Antonio Maconi, and Andrea Rocchetti

Subjects
point-of-care testing, SARS-CoV-2, influenza A/B, rapid molecular assay, ID NOW, pediatric respiratory infections, Microbiology, QR1-502
Abstract

Given the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, there is a need to identify SARS-CoV-2 and to differentiate it from other respiratory viral infections, especially influenza A and B, in various critical settings. Since their introduction, the use of rapid antigen tests has spread worldwide, but there is variability in their diagnostic accuracy. In the present study, we evaluated the clinical performance of the ID NOW™ COVID-19 2.0, a molecular point-of-care test (POCT) based on enzymatic isothermal amplification for the differential diagnosis of SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A/B in a pediatric emergency setting. A cohort of pediatric patients admitted between December 2022 and February 2023 were simultaneously tested with the POCT and standard laboratory molecular assay. Our findings showed high negative agreement of the POCT assay across the different age groups for SARS-CoV-2, influenza A, and influenza B (more than 98.0%), while its positive agreement varied significantly for the abovementioned viral species from 50.0% to 100%. These results highlight the potential of the ID NOW™ COVID-19 2.0 POCT assay as a reliable and rapid tool for excluding SARS-CoV-2 and influenza A/B infections in symptomatic pediatric patients, although its variable positive agreement suggests a need for confirmatory RT-qPCR testing in certain clinical and epidemiological settings in order to ensure accurate diagnosis and appropriate patient management.

Published
2024
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39. The Scale Model Room Approach to Test the Performance of Airtight Membranes to Control Indoor Radon Levels and Radiation Exposure

Author

Manuela Portaro, Ilaria Rocchetti, Paola Tuccimei, Gianfranco Galli, Michele Soligo, Cristina Longoni, and Dino Vasquez

Subjects
indoor radon, radon barrier materials, home ventilation, radon mitigation, scale model room approach, radiation exposure, Meteorology. Climatology, QC851-999
Abstract

Indoor radon is one of the most significant contributors to lung cancer after smoking. Mitigation strategies based on protecting buildings with radon barrier materials, combined with home ventilation or room pressurization, are regularly used. A scale model room made from a porous ignimbrite rich in radon precursors was used as an analogue to test the efficiency of fifteen airtight membranes to reduce radon levels, also in combination with room pressurization. The results of these experiments were considered together with previous ones to propose the scale model room approach as a tool for rapidly evaluating the performance of specially designed radon barrier materials, and for radiation exposure assessment. Relative reduction of indoor radon (RIR) ranges from −20 to −94%. The most effective materials were FPO membrane, single-component silane-terminated polymer membranes and synthetic resins. The presence of additives likely modified the composition and structure of some products, improving their radon barrier capacity. The introduction of room pressurization further reduced radon levels in the model room where the membranes were applied. The overpressure necessary to reach RIRs of the order of 85–90% is very low for materials that powerfully stop radon even without ventilation, but necessarily higher for poorer membranes.

Published
2024
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40. Author Correction: Adaptive gene loss in the common bean pan-genome during range expansion and domestication

Author

Gaia Cortinovis, Leonardo Vincenzi, Robyn Anderson, Giovanni Marturano, Jacob Ian Marsh, Philipp Emanuel Bayer, Lorenzo Rocchetti, Giulia Frascarelli, Giovanna Lanzavecchia, Alice Pieri, Andrea Benazzo, Elisa Bellucci, Valerio Di Vittori, Laura Nanni, Juan José Ferreira Fernández, Marzia Rossato, Orlando Mario Aguilar, Peter Laurent Morrell, Monica Rodriguez, Tania Gioia, Kerstin Neumann, Juan Camilo Alvarez Diaz, Ariane Gratias, Christophe Klopp, Elena Bitocchi, Valérie Geffroy, Massimo Delledonne, David Edwards, and Roberto Papa

Subjects
Science
Published
2024
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44. The Italian registry for patients with Prader–Willi syndrome

Author

Salvatore, Marco, Torreri, Paola, Grugni, Graziano, Rocchetti, Adele, Maghnie, Mohamad, Patti, Giuseppa, Crinò, Antonino, Elia, Maurizio, Greco, Donatella, Romano, Corrado, Franzese, Adriana, Mozzillo, Enza, Colao, Annamaria, Pugliese, Gabriella, Pagotto, Uberto, Lo Preiato, Valentina, Scarano, Emanuela, Schiavariello, Concetta, Tornese, Gianluca, Fintini, Danilo, Bocchini, Sarah, Osimani, Sara, De Sanctis, Luisa, Sacco, Michele, Rutigliano, Irene, Delvecchio, Maurizio, Faienza, Maria Felicia, Wasniewska, Malgorzata, Corica, Domenico, Stagi, Stefano, Guazzarotti, Laura, Maffei, Pietro, Dassie, Francesca, and Taruscio, Domenica

Published
2023
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46. Ecological monitoring of emotional intensity, variability, and instability in individuals with schizophrenia spectrum disorders: Results of a multicentre study

Author

Cristina Zarbo, Manuel Zamparini, Alessandra Patrono, Cosima Calini, Philip D. Harvey, Letizia Casiraghi, Massimo Clerici, Matteo Malvezzi, Matteo Rocchetti, Fabrizio Starace, Giovanni deGirolamo, and DiAPAson Collaborators

Subjects
emotional instability, emotional variability, experience sampling method, prospective design, psychosis, Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571
Abstract

Abstract Background Evaluating emotional experiences in the life of people with Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder (SSD) is fundamental for developing interventions aimed at promoting well‐being in specific times and contexts. However, little is known about emotional variability in this population. In DiAPAson project, we evaluated between‐ and within‐person differences in emotional intensity, variability, and instability between people with SSD and healthy controls, and the association with psychiatric severity and levels of functioning. Methods 102 individuals diagnosed with SSD (57 residential patients, 46 outpatients) and 112 healthy controls were thoroughly evaluated. Daily emotions were prospectively assessed with Experience Sampling Method eight times a day for a week. Statistical analyses included ANOVA, correlations, and generalized linear models. Results Participants with SSD, and especially residential patients, had a higher intensity of negative emotions when compared to controls. Moreover, all people with SSD reported a greater between‐person‐variability of both positive and negative emotions and greater intra‐variability of negative emotions than healthy controls. In addition, the emotion variability in people with SSD does not follow a linear or quadratic trend but is more “chaotic” if compared to controls. Conclusions Adequate assessments of positive and negative emotional experiences and their time course in people with SSD can assist mental health professionals with well‐being assessment, implementing targeted interventions through the identification of patterns, triggers, and potential predictors of emotional states.

Published
2024
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47. Within-bloom shift in abundance of a wild pollinator mediates pollen deposition rates to blueberry

Author

Ulrika Samnegård, Liam K. Kendall, Martin E. Brummell, Maurizio Rocchetti, Karen Cristine Bezerra da Silva Santos, Henrik G. Smith, and Romina Rader

Subjects
Floral constancy, Foraging behaviour, Heterospecific pollen, Honey bee, Phenology, Pollination, Ecology, QH540-549.5
Abstract

Intra-seasonal variation in abiotic and biotic conditions can have profound consequences for pollinator community compositions and foraging movement, with flow-on effects upon pollination services. Yet, few studies have related such variations to pollination services in crop systems. In a cultivated highbush blueberry system with two primary pollinators — the managed European honey bee and a wild stingless bee species — we investigated how pollinator abundances, bee foraging behaviour, and con- and heterospecific stigmatic pollen loads changed over early, mid, and late blueberry blooming. Both con- and heterospecific stigmatic pollen loads declined following early bloom. This shift was associated with a decline in the abundance of stingless bees, whereas the abundance of honey bees only declined during late bloom. Simultaneously, honey bees were more likely to forage for blueberry pollen, and stigmatic pollen loads, relative to bee abundance, increased during late bloom. Although mixed pollen loads were common on pollinator bodies, especially on pollen foraging honey bees, heterospecific pollen deposition on blueberry stigmas was low. Given the similar effectiveness of honey bees and stingless bees as pollinators of blueberries, we contend that the observed seasonal variation in pollen deposition is likely caused by the decline in stingless bee abundances, as honey bees were not able to fully compensate for the loss of stingless bees during late bloom. Greater consideration of seasonal heterogeneity of pollinator abundance and behaviour, as part of pollination management plans, may aid in ensuring high pollination services throughout the entirety of crop bloom.

Published
2023
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48. Interplay between negative symptoms, time spent doing nothing, and negative emotions in patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders: results from a 37-site study

Author

Giulio D’Anna, Cristina Zarbo, Giuseppe Cardamone, Manuel Zamparini, Stefano Calza, Matteo Rota, Christoph U. Correll, Matteo Rocchetti, Fabrizio Starace, Giovanni de Girolamo, and DIAPASON collaborators

Subjects
Psychiatry, RC435-571
Abstract

Abstract This study evaluated the relationship between negative symptoms, daily time use (productive/non-productive activities, PA/NPA), and negative emotions in schizophrenia-spectrum disorders (SSDs): 618 individuals with SSDs (311 residential care patients [RCPs], 307 outpatients) were surveyed about socio-demographic, clinical (BPRS, BNSS) and daily time use (paper-and-pencil Time Use Survey completed twice/week) characteristics. Among them 57 RCPs and 46 outpatients, matched to 112 healthy controls, also underwent ecological monitoring of emotions (8 times/day for a week) through Experience Sampling Method (ESM). RCPs spent significantly less time in PA than outpatients. Patients with more negative symptomatology spent more time in NPA and less in PA compared to patients with milder symptoms. Higher time spent in NPA was associated with negative emotions (p

Published
2023
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49. Phytochemical Characterization of Two New Olive Oil Genotypes Growing in Southern Tunisia

Author

Mbarka Ben Mohamed, Sihem Ben Ali, Gabriele Rocchetti, Samir Tlahig, Leila Bennani, and Ferdaous Guasmi

Subjects
Olea europaea L., genotypes, olive oil, quality, phytochemical profile, antioxidant activity, Organic chemistry, QD241-441
Abstract

This research can be considered as the first complete survey for the valorization of new olive genotypes cultivated in the South-East of Tunisia as well as their oils. The study aimed to characterize the phytochemical composition of virgin olive oil produced from two olive cultivars, namely Nourgou and Gousalani. The pomological characterization of fruits, the quality criteria and the phytochemical profile were quantified. Additionally, antioxidant activity was evaluated using Ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and Oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC) tests to also obtain a bioactive characterization of these monovarietal olive oils. The obtained results revealed that the analyzed olive oils samples can be classified into Extra Virgin category (EVOO) according to the regulated physicochemical characteristics. Our findings showed a significant variability in the chemical parameters of the analyzed EVOO likely associated with the genetic potential, mainly for chlorophylls contents (1.37–1.64 mg/kg), in carotenoids pigments (3.97–10.86 mg/kg), in α-tocopherol (175.59–186.87 mg/kg), in sterols (1036.4–1931.4 mg/kg) in oleic acid (65.33–68.73%), in palmitic acid (C16:0) (13.32–17.48%), in linoleic acid (C18:2) (11.06–13.47%). Additionally, the HPLC-MS/MS analysis showed that the two EVOOs analyzed contained appreciable amounts of total polyphenols, ranging from 348.03 up to 516.16 mg/kg, in Nourgou and Gousalani oils, respectively. Regarding the individual phenolic compounds, the EVOO samples were mainly characterized by phenolic alcohols, phenolic acids, secoiridoids, verbascoside, flavonoids and phenolic aldehydes. The prevalent simple phenolics detected were secoiridoids with the dominance of the oleuropein aglycone in Gousalani oil. In addition, findings from in vitro antioxidant assays (FRAP and ORAC) revealed that the two studied oils possessed a powerful antiradical activity and a good reducing power capacity. In conclusion, these new EVOOs exhibited a superior quality compared to other Tunisian varieties, considering their antiradical activity and reducing power capacity.

Published
2024
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50. Evaluation of Bacterial Viability for Fecal Microbiota Transplantation: Impact of Thawing Temperature and Storage Time

Author

Paolo Bottino, Daria Vay, Christian Leli, Lidia Ferrara, Valentina Pizzo, Franca Gotta, Alessio Raiteri, Fabio Rapallo, Annalisa Roveta, Antonio Maconi, and Andrea Rocchetti

Subjects
Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT), stool bank, Clostridiodes difficile infection, bacterial viability, Biology (General), QH301-705.5
Abstract

Fecal Microbiota Transplantation (FMT) represents a promising therapeutic tool under study for several purposes and is currently applied to the treatment of recurrent Clostridioides difficile infection. However, since the use of fresh stool was affected by several issues linked to donor screening, the development of a frozen stool bank is a reliable option to standardize FMT procedures. Nevertheless, different environmental factors impact microbial viability. Herein, we report the effect of different thawing temperatures and storage conditions on bacterial suspensions in the FMT procedure. In total, 20 stool samples were divided into aliquots and tested across a combination of different storing periods (15, 30; 90 days) and thawing procedures (4 °C overnight, room temperature for 1 h; 37 °C for 5 min). Focusing on storage time, our data showed a significant reduction in viability for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria after thawing for 15 days, while no further reductions were observed until after 90 days. Instead, among the different thawing procedures, no significant differences were observed for aerobic bacteria, while for anaerobes, thawing at 37 °C for 5 min was more effective in preserving the bacterial viability. In conclusion, the frozen fecal microbiota remained viable for at least three months, with an excellent recovery rate in all three thawing conditions.

Published
2024
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