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5. LES Modelling of the Impact of the Topography on Large-scale Exchange Flow in the Strait of Gibraltar

Author

Hilt, Margaux, Roblou, Laurent, Nguyen, Cyril, Marchesiello, Patrick, Lemarié, Florian, Jullien, Swen, DUMAS, Franck, Debreu, Laurent, Capet, Xavier, Bordois, Lucie, Benshila, Rachid, Auclair, Francis, Laboratoire d'aérologie (LAERO), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'études en Géophysique et océanographie spatiales (LEGOS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Mathematics and computing applied to oceanic and atmospheric flows (AIRSEA), Inria Grenoble - Rhône-Alpes, Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Laboratoire Jean Kuntzmann (LJK), Institut National de Recherche en Informatique et en Automatique (Inria)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP ), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire d'Océanographie Physique et Spatiale (LOPS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service Hydrographique et Océanographique de la Marine (SHOM), Ministère de la Défense, Processus et interactions de fine échelle océanique (PROTEO), Laboratoire d'Océanographie et du Climat : Expérimentations et Approches Numériques (LOCEAN), Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Hilt, Margaux, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut Français de Recherche pour l'Exploitation de la Mer (IFREMER)-Université de Brest (UBO)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut Pierre-Simon-Laplace (IPSL (FR_636)), and Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Muséum national d'Histoire naturelle (MNHN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)

Subjects
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, [SDU.OCEAN] Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2020

6. Particle and VOC emission factor measurements for anthropogenic sources in West Africa

Author

Keita, Sekou, Liousse, Cathy, Yoboú, Vronique, Dominutti, Pamela, Guinot, Benjamin, Assamoi, Eric Michel, Borbon, Agnès, Haslett, Sophie L., Bouvier, Laetitia, Colomb, Auŕlie, Coe, Hugh, Akpo, Aristide, Adon, Jacques, Bahino, Julien, Doumbia, Madina, Djossou, Julien, Galy-Lacaux, Corinne, Gardrat, Eric, Gnamien, Sylvain, Léon, Jean F., Ossohou, Money, Touré N'Datchoh, E., Roblou, Laurent, Centre d'Études et de Recherches sur le Développement International (CERDI), Université d'Auvergne - Clermont-Ferrand I (UdA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'aérologie (LA), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Météo France-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Météo France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique de l’Atmosphère [Abidjan], Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny (UFHB), Instituto de Astronomia, Geofísica e Ciências Atmosféricas [São Paulo] (IAG), Universidade de São Paulo (USP), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives - Laboratoire d'Electronique et de Technologie de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Direction de Recherche Technologique (CEA) (DRT (CEA)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Laboratoire de météorologie physique (LaMP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP), School of Earth and Environmental Sciences [Manchester] (SEES), University of Manchester [Manchester], National Centre for Atmospheric Science [Leeds] (NCAS), Natural Environment Research Council (NERC), Laboratoire de Physique du Rayonnement (LPR), University of Abomey Calavi (UAC), Laboratoire de physique de l'atmosphère et de mécaniques des fluides (LAPA-MF), Université de Cocody, Centre de recherches Géodynamiques, Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université de Paris (1896-1970), Echanges Côte-Large (ECOLA), Laboratoire d'études en Géophysique et océanographie spatiales (LEGOS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Météo France-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Météo France-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Laboratoire d'aérologie (LAERO), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Wolfson Atmospheric Chemistry Laboratories (WACL), University of York [York, UK], Laboratoire de Météorologie Physique (LaMP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne [2017-2020] (UCA [2017-2020])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Interuniversitaire des Systèmes Atmosphériques (LISA (UMR_7583)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre for Atmospheric Science [Manchester] (CAS), University of Manchester [Manchester]-University of Manchester [Manchester], Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Météo France-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Météo France-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo France-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Laboratoire de Météorologie Physique - Clermont Auvergne (LaMP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Clermont Auvergne (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Electronique et des Technologies de l'Information (CEA-LETI), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université de Paris, and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
lcsh:Chemistry, Atmospheric Science, lcsh:QD1-999, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, [SDE.IE]Environmental Sciences/Environmental Engineering, [SDE.MCG]Environmental Sciences/Global Changes, [SDE]Environmental Sciences, [SDE.ES]Environmental Sciences/Environmental and Society, lcsh:Physics, lcsh:QC1-999, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

A number of campaigns have been carried out to establish the emission factors of pollutants from fuel combustion in West Africa, as part of work package 2 (Air Pollution and Health) of the DACCIWA (Dynamics-Aerosol-Chemistry-Cloud Interactions in West Africa) FP7 program. Emission sources considered here include wood (hevea and iroko) and charcoal burning, charcoal making, open trash burning, and vehicle emissions, including trucks, cars, buses and two-wheeled vehicles. Emission factors of total particulate matter (TPM), elemental carbon (EC), primary organic carbon (OC) and volatile organic compounds (VOCs) have been established. In addition, emission factor measurements were performed in combustion chambers in order to reproduce field burning conditions for a tropical hardwood (hevea), and obtain particulate emission factors by size (PM0.25, PM1, PM2.5 and PM10). Particle samples were collected on quartz fiber filters and analyzed using gravimetric method for TPM and thermal methods for EC and OC. The emission factors of 58 VOC species were determined using offline sampling on a sorbent tube. Emission factor results for two species of tropical hardwood burning of EC, OC and TPM are 0.98 ± 0.46 g kg−1 of fuel burned (g kg−1), 11.05 ± 4.55 and 41.12 ± 24.62 g kg−1, respectively. For traffic sources, the highest emission factors among particulate species are found for the two-wheeled vehicles with two-stroke engines (2.74 g kg−1 fuel for EC, 65.11 g kg−1 fuel for OC and 496 g kg−1 fuel for TPM). The largest VOC emissions are observed for two-stroke two-wheeled vehicles, which are up to 3 times higher than emissions from light-duty and heavy-duty vehicles. Isoprene and monoterpenes, which are usually associated with biogenic emissions, are present in almost all anthropogenic sources investigated during this work and could be as significant as aromatic emissions in wood burning (1 g kg−1 fuel). EC is primarily emitted in the ultrafine fraction, with 77 % of the total mass being emitted as particles smaller than 0.25 µm. The particles and VOC emission factors obtained in this study are generally higher than those in the literature whose values are discussed in this paper. This study underlines the important role of in situ measurements in deriving realistic and representative emission factors.

Published
2018

7. Simulation of Optical Properties and Direct and Indirect Radiative Effects of Smoke Aerosols Over Marine Stratocumulus Clouds During Summer 2008 in California With the Regional Climate Model RegCM

Author

Mallet, Marc, Solmon, Fabien, Roblou, Laurent, Peers, F., Turquety, Solène, Waquet, Arnaud, Jethva, H., Torres, O., Centre national de recherches météorologiques (CNRM), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Abdus Salam International Center for Theoretical Physics (ICTP), Laboratoire d'aérologie (LAERO), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), College of Engineering, Mathematics and Physical Sciences [Exeter] (EMPS), University of Exeter, Laboratoire d’Optique Atmosphérique - UMR 8518 (LOA), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universities Space Research Association (USRA), and NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC)

Subjects
aerosol, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], radiative direct forcing, indirect forcing
Abstract

International audience; The regional climate model RegCM has been modified to better account for the climatic effects of biomass-burning particles. Smoke aerosols are represented by new tracers with consistent radiative and hygroscopic properties to simulate the direct radiative forcing (DRF), and a new parameterization has been integrated for relating the droplet number concentration to the aerosol concentration for marine stratocumulus clouds (Sc). RegCM has been tested during the summer of 2008 over California, when extreme concentration of smoke, together with the presence of Sc, is observed. This work indicates that significant aerosol optical depth (AOD) ( 1-2 at 550 nm) is related to the intense 2008 fires. Compared to Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) and Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer, the regional pattern of RegCM AOD is well represented although the magnitude is lower than satellite observations. Comparisons with Polarization and Directionality of Earth Reflectances (POLDER) above-clouds aerosol optical depth (ACAOD) show the ability of RegCM to simulate realistic ACAOD during the transport of smoke above the Pacific Ocean. The simulated single scattering albedo is 0.90 (at 550 nm) near biomass-burning sources, consistent with OMI and POLDER, and smoke leads to shortwave heating rates 1.5-2°K d-1. RegCM is not able to correctly resolve the daily patterns in cloud properties notably due to its coarse horizontal resolutions. However, the changes in the sign of the DRF at top of atmosphere (TOA) (negative to positive) from clear-sky to all-sky conditions is well simulated. Finally, the "aerosol-cloud" parameterization allows simulating an increase of the cloud optical depth for significant concentrations, leading to large perturbations of radiative fluxes at TOA.

Published
2017

8. Impacts of flaring emissions in Africa

Author

Liousse, Cathy, Doumbia, El Hadji Thierno, KEITA, Sekou, Roblou, Laurent, Toure, N'datchoch Evelyne, Granier, Louise, Granier, Claire, Assamoi, Eric-Michel, Laboratoire d'aérologie (LAERO), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), TROPO - LATMOS, Laboratoire Atmosphères, Milieux, Observations Spatiales (LATMOS), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique de l'Atmosphère [Abidjan] (LAPA), Université de Cocody, NOAA Earth System Research Laboratory (ESRL), National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences (CIRES), University of Colorado [Boulder]-National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées

Subjects
[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-AO-PH]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics [physics.ao-ph], [SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, [SDU.STU.CL]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences/Climatology, [SDE]Environmental Sciences
Abstract

International audience; Recent simulations have shown a gap between observed and modeled aerosol optical depths above the Guinean Gulf in West Africa, assuming the possible role of flaring emissions which are really important in this area and not accounted for in this work. It can be expected that these emissions also impact regional air quality and health.In this presentation, recent developments on flaring emission inventories for aerosols and gases obtained from DMSP satellite for the years 1990-2012 and validated over Nigeria will be presented and discussed in terms of temporal and spatial variability. By introducing such emission inventories in RegCM regional climatic model in addition to other anthropogenic sources (traffic, domestic fires, industries, charcoal making, biomass burning..) we will study the relative contributions of the different emissions sources on air quality, climate and health.

Published
2016

9. Aerosol and VOC emission factor measurements for African anthropogenic sources

Author

Keita, Sekou, primary, Liousse, Cathy, additional, Yoboué, Véronique, additional, Dominutti, Pamela, additional, Guinot, Benjamin, additional, Assamoi, E.-Michel, additional, Borbon, Agnès, additional, Haslett, Sophie L., additional, Bouvier, Laetitia, additional, Colomb, Aurélie, additional, Coe, Hugh, additional, Akpo, Aristide, additional, Adon, Jacks, additional, Bahino, Julien, additional, Doumbia, Madina, additional, Djossou, Julien, additional, Galy-Lacaux, Corinne, additional, Gardrat, Eric, additional, Gnamien, Sylvain, additional, Léon, Jean F., additional, Ossohou, Money, additional, N’Datchoh, E. Touré, additional, and Roblou, Laurent, additional

Published
2017
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10. Supplementary material to "Aerosol and VOC emission factor measurements for African anthropogenic sources"

Author

Keita, Sekou, primary, Liousse, Cathy, additional, Yoboué, Véronique, additional, Dominutti, Pamela, additional, Guinot, Benjamin, additional, Assamoi, E.-Michel, additional, Borbon, Agnès, additional, Haslett, Sophie L., additional, Bouvier, Laetitia, additional, Colomb, Aurélie, additional, Coe, Hugh, additional, Akpo, Aristide, additional, Adon, Jacks, additional, Bahino, Julien, additional, Doumbia, Madina, additional, Djossou, Julien, additional, Galy-Lacaux, Corinne, additional, Gardrat, Eric, additional, Gnamien, Sylvain, additional, Léon, Jean F., additional, Ossohou, Money, additional, N’Datchoh, E. Touré, additional, and Roblou, Laurent, additional

Published
2017
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11. Adapted ECC ozonesonde for long-duration flights aboard boundary-layer pressurised balloons

Author

Gheusi, François, primary, Durand, Pierre, additional, Verdier, Nicolas, additional, Dulac, François, additional, Attié, Jean-Luc, additional, Commun, Philippe, additional, Barret, Brice, additional, Basdevant, Claude, additional, Clenet, Antoine, additional, Derrien, Solène, additional, Doerenbecher, Alexis, additional, El Amraoui, Laaziz, additional, Fontaine, Alain, additional, Hache, Emeric, additional, Jambert, Corinne, additional, Jaumouillé, Elodie, additional, Meyerfeld, Yves, additional, Roblou, Laurent, additional, and Tocquer, Flore, additional

Published
2016
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12. Adapted ECC ozone sonde for long-duration flights aboard boundary-layer pressurized balloons

Author

Gheusi, François, primary, Durand, Pierre, additional, Verdier, Nicolas, additional, Dulac, François, additional, Attié, Jean-Luc, additional, Commun, Philippe, additional, Barret, Brice, additional, Basdevant, Claude, additional, Clénet, Antoine, additional, Derrien, Solène, additional, Doerenbecher, Alexis, additional, El Amraoui, Laaziz, additional, Fontaine, Alain, additional, Hache, Emeric, additional, Jambert, Corinne, additional, Jaumouillé, Elodie, additional, Meyerfeld, Yves, additional, Roblou, Laurent, additional, and Tocquer, Flore, additional

Published
2016
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13. Analysis of recent surface emissions from inventories and inverse estimates: are future emission scenarios valid for the recent past?

Author

Elguindi, Nellie, Granier, Claire, Stavrakou, Jenny, Darras, Sabine, miyazaki, kazuyuki, Roblou, Laurent, zheng, bo, Laboratoire d'aérologie (LAERO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Belgian Institute for Space Aeronomy / Institut d'Aéronomie Spatiale de Belgique (BIRA-IASB), Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), and NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory

Subjects
[SDU.OCEAN]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Ocean, Atmosphere, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

International audience

Published
2012

15. Interactions aérosols-rayonnement-climat en région méditerranéenne : Impact de l'effet radiatif direct sur le cycle de l'eau

Author

Mallet, Marc, primary, Dulac, François, additional, Nabat, Pierre, additional, Formenti, Paola, additional, Sciare, Jean, additional, Roberts, Greg, additional, Denjean, Cyrielle, additional, Pelon, Jacques, additional, Tanré, Didier, additional, Parol, Frédéric, additional, Ancellet, Gérard, additional, Auriol, Frédéric, additional, Blarel, Luc, additional, Bourrianne, Thierry, additional, Brogniez, Gérard, additional, Chazette, Patrick, additional, Chevaillier, Servanne, additional, Claeys, Marine, additional, Colomb, Aurélie, additional, D'Anna, Barbara, additional, Derimian, Yevgeny, additional, Desboeufs, Karine, additional, Doussin, Jean-François, additional, Durand, Pierre, additional, Féron, Anaïs, additional, Ferré, Hélène, additional, Fleury, Laurence, additional, Freney, Evelyn, additional, Goloub, Philippe, additional, Grand, Noël, additional, Hamonou, Éric, additional, Jankowiak, Isabelle, additional, Jeannot, Matthieu, additional, Lambert, Dominique, additional, Léon, Jean-François, additional, Mailler, Sylvain, additional, Menut, Laurent, additional, Momboisse, Géraud, additional, Nicolas, José, additional, Podvin, Thierry, additional, Pont, Véronique, additional, Rea, Géraldine, additional, Renard, Jean-Baptiste, additional, Roblou, Laurent, additional, Schwarzenboeck, Alfons, additional, Sellegri, Karine, additional, Sicard, Michaël, additional, Solmon, Fabien, additional, Somot, Samuel, additional, Torres, Benjamin, additional, Totems, Julien, additional, Triquet, Sylvain, additional, Verdier, Nicolas, additional, Verwaerde, Christian, additional, and Vignelles, Damien, additional

Published
2015
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16. Non-Accidental Health Impacts of Wildfire Smoke

Author

Youssouf, Hassani, primary, Liousse, Catherine, additional, Roblou, Laurent, additional, Assamoi, Eric-Michel, additional, Salonen, Raimo, additional, Maesano, Cara, additional, Banerjee, Soutrik, additional, and Annesi-Maesano, Isabella, additional

Published
2014
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17. Characterizing the Navidad current interannual variability using coastal altimetry

Author

Le Hénaff, Matthieu, Roblou, Laurent, Bouffard, Jérôme, Le Hénaff, Matthieu, Roblou, Laurent, and Bouffard, Jérôme

Abstract

In this study, the Navidad current, which flows along the northern coast of Spain in winter, is observed and characterized using coastal altimetry data over the period 1992–2002. This coastal current, marked by a strong interannual variability, is associated with eastward transport of warm waters along the shelf slope. Specific data editing and processing strategies have been applied to the along-track altimeter data, which allows us to retrieve altimetric sea level anomalies closer to the coast, with a better spatial coverage and improved quality when compared with standard altimetric products. The current variability observed upstream by in situ time series after November 1996 is well reproduced by the satellite across-track surface geostrophic current anomalies up until September 1999; this agreement degrades later in time. The combined use of satellite-derived current anomalies and sea-surface temperature anomalies allows us to develop indices of Navidad occurrences, in the first long-term, systematic survey of that current based on a multi-sensor approach. The satellite analyses confirm the previously identified Navidad occurrences in winter of 1995–1996, 1997–1998, and 2000–2001. Furthermore, a weak Navidad event was identified in winter 1996–1997. These four winters are associated with a negative North Atlantic Oscillation index in the previous fall, but the intensity of the Navidad is not correlated to the amplitude of that index.

Published
2010

18. Satellite radar altimetry from open ocean to coasts: challenges and perspectives

Author

Frouin, Robert J., Agarwal, Vijay K., Kawamura, Hiroshi, Nayak, Shailesh, Pan, Delu, Vignudelli, Stefano, Snaith, Helen M., Lyard, Florent, Cipollini, Paolo, Venuti, Fabio, Birol, Florence, Bouffard, Jérôme, Roblou, Laurent, Frouin, Robert J., Agarwal, Vijay K., Kawamura, Hiroshi, Nayak, Shailesh, Pan, Delu, Vignudelli, Stefano, Snaith, Helen M., Lyard, Florent, Cipollini, Paolo, Venuti, Fabio, Birol, Florence, Bouffard, Jérôme, and Roblou, Laurent

Abstract

The history of satellite radar altimetry stems from the need to capture a global view of the surface topography of the oceans. As altimeters are specifically designed for global observations, they encounter major problems in coastal regions, such as relatively poor sampling and inaccuracy of the corrections, so measurements are generally discarded. Nevertheless, a global archive of 15 years of raw data from a series of missions is presently available. The huge amount of unused data in coastal regions can be re-analyzed, improved and more intelligently exploited, possibly promoting coastal altimetry to the rank of operational service. This paper outlines the obstacles limiting the use of the data, discusses some areas of improvement, shows the lessons learned from a case-study in the Mediterranean Sea, and shows that the improved coastal altimetry concept can be extended to other regions, e.g. along the coasts of India. This paper also explores the implications of adopting the emerging vision of the Internet infrastructure in the coastal altimetry context: a collection of unstructured information becomes a network of linked data and software, necessary to perform the specialized on-the-fly processing of the raw data to provide ready-to-use geophysical parameters such as sea level and significant wave height.

Published
2007

20. ALTICORE - A consortium serving european seas with coastal altimetry

Author

Vignudelli, Stefano, primary, Snaith, Helen M., additional, Cipollini, Paolo, additional, Venuti, Fabio, additional, Lyard, Florent, additional, Cretaux, Jean Francois, additional, Birol, Florence, additional, Bouffard, Jerome, additional, Roblou, Laurent, additional, Kostianoy, Andrey, additional, Ginzburg, Anna, additional, Sheremet, Nickolay, additional, Kuzmina, Elena, additional, Lebedev, Sergey, additional, Sirota, Alexander, additional, Medvedev, Dmitry, additional, Khlebnikova, Svetlana, additional, Mamedov, Ramiz, additional, Ismatova, Khasiyat, additional, Alyev, Amir, additional, and Nabiyev, Tural, additional

Published
2007
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23. Characterizing the Navidad current interannual variability using coastal altimetry.

Author

Hénaff, Matthieu, Roblou, Laurent, and Bouffard, Jérôme

Subjects
*GEOSTROPHIC currents, *COASTS, *REMOTE sensing, *ALTIMETERS, *SEA level, *TIME series analysis, *OCEAN temperature
Abstract

In this study, the Navidad current, which flows along the northern coast of Spain in winter, is observed and characterized using coastal altimetry data over the period 1992-2002. This coastal current, marked by a strong interannual variability, is associated with eastward transport of warm waters along the shelf slope. Specific data editing and processing strategies have been applied to the along-track altimeter data, which allows us to retrieve altimetric sea level anomalies closer to the coast, with a better spatial coverage and improved quality when compared with standard altimetric products. The current variability observed upstream by in situ time series after November 1996 is well reproduced by the satellite across-track surface geostrophic current anomalies up until September 1999; this agreement degrades later in time. The combined use of satellite-derived current anomalies and sea-surface temperature anomalies allows us to develop indices of Navidad occurrences, in the first long-term, systematic survey of that current based on a multi-sensor approach. The satellite analyses confirm the previously identified Navidad occurrences in winter of 1995-1996, 1997-1998, and 2000-2001. Furthermore, a weak Navidad event was identified in winter 1996-1997. These four winters are associated with a negative North Atlantic Oscillation index in the previous fall, but the intensity of the Navidad is not correlated to the amplitude of that index. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2011
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