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Introduction: The lingual appliance is genuinely an aesthetic device since it is positioned on the lingual surface of the tooth and thus is referred as ‘The invisible brace’. In comparison to labial appliances, lingual appliances have encountered challenges with sophisticated laboratory procedures, uneven lingual tooth morphology, high cost, and bonding trouble over time. The aim of this study was to develop a pre adjusted lingual bracket system that will be as efficient as labial orthodontics and can remove laboratory dependency. To accomplish it two parameters namely labiolingual angulation and labiolingual width were studied with the help of cast analysis. Material & Methods: Sample consists of 100 Dental Cast (Maxillary & Mandible) of patients aged 16-20 years which were selected on the basis of Angle’s Class I molar relationship without any crowding, rotation, attrition, abrasion, erosion, abfraction & anomaly on any tooth. Dental models / Impression were made at Santosh Dental College, Ghaziabad and were immediately poured by Orthokal at normal room temperature. Two important parameters were studied to develop the concept of New Pre Adjusted Lingual Bracket.

The online Pizza delivery system is the need of hour because of the recent changes and the adding use of the internet. BIG SLICE is a website designed primarily for use in the customised Pizza delivery. Through these services caffs can vend and distribute their coffers at minimum resource operation effectively with high gains by gaining the client trust. This Online Pizza order system database will be helpful for the business possessors to extend their business just by placing the orders online and not visiting the restaurant. To create this application, the database is the most important component, which will interface with the application to retrieve information. The Online Pizza Ordering Database will be built using PHP as the basis. Customers can place orders from a variety of pizzas in the database, and restaurant employees will process and deliver the specified order.

Aim: To report the optical characteristics of the fluid in an anterior chamber iris cyst. Method: A 26-year-old male presented with blurring of vision in his right eye for two months, without any other associated ocular complaints. His visual acuity was 6/ 9 on Snellen’s chart. On slit lamp examination, a small translucent pigmented cyst was noted inferiorly in the anterior chamber, struck on to the cornea at 6 o’clock periphery, without any feeder vessel. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography (OCT) revealed a cystic lesion with hyperreflective walls and hypo reflective lumen attached to the cornea, compressing the endothelium. Results: The optical density (OD) of the cyst fluid was determined using ImageJ, an open code Java-based image processing software. The OD of cyst fluid was found comparable to the anterior chamber fluid. Conclusion: Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) and OCT are useful tools for the diagnosis of cystic lesions of the anterior segment. The innovative use of an OCT image and the ImageJ software to determine the optical density of the iris cyst may aid in the diagnosis and follow-up of such cases.

Introduction: To evaluate the surface changes on enamel structure after debonding of customized and conventional lingual brackets bonded using restorative dual cure bonding material and a chemically cured bonding material with and without sandblasting. Materials and Method: The sample consisted of 40 premolar teeth extracted for the purpose of orthodontic treatment. Enamel surface changes, prior to bonding, were studied using a stereomicroscope (Olympus SZX7) and an optical microscope. 20 extracted premolars were arranged in 2 arch forms with 5 teeth in each quadrant, after which impression of the arches with rubber base impression material was made. These impressions were then sent to the laboratory for the fabrication of a customized lingual appliance. The remaining 20 premolars were divided into 2 arches, each arch having 10 extracted premolars divided into 4 sets, 1st to test customized brackets bonded with chemical cure resin without sandblasting, 2nd to test customized brackets with dual cure resin without sandblasting, 3rd to test conventional brackets with chemical sure resin with and without sandblasting and 4th to test conventional brackets bonded with dual cure resin with and without sandblasting. The post debonding photographs were analyzed using a standardized grid and Surface Roughness Index. Result: Thus, enamel defects are likely to be caused post debonding despite of using any combination. However, the surface roughness index has been shown to be highest post debonding in cases where customized brackets have been bonded using dual cure resin along with sandblasting. Conclusion: While a clinician may opt for a material like Rely X U200 to bond lingual appliances in order to have a better clinical management of the appliance, but he would have to keep the possibility of irreversible damage to enamel post debonding.

The purpose of this review article is to summarize the contingency management guidelines of major orthodontic procedures to enable us set new norms for orthodontics keeping in mind the implications of the prevailing pandemic. Studies on efficacy of stringent infection control during COVID 19 era for orthodontic procedures published in 2020 were retrieved from various databases like COVID 19 Open Research Dataset, PubMed, MEDLINE, Scopus and Google Scholar. Thus, considering the unreliability and the worrisome environment of this COVID era it is evident that clear guidelines are required for defining orthodontic emergencies, prioritizing COVID 19 testing and PPE requirements for orthodontists and secure virtual consultation platforms. It’s extremely mandatory for us to evolve with the ever evolving world and successfully strive together as a community maintaining our patients trust as well as the standard of orthodontic care being offered by us. This unity amongst us and balance of our duties need to become part of our daily lives and be adopted as a new normal.

Capsular bag distension syndrome (CBDS) is a rare complication of cataract surgery due to collection of fluid behind the intraocular lens (IOL). Nd:Yag laser capsulotomy is commonly performed to release the fluid collection; however, the potential risk of infection and inflammation has led to adaptation of numerous surgical procedures. Clinical examination in an established case of CBDS reveals opalescent fluid behind the IOL with ballooning of the posterior capsule, which has different reflectivity on optical coherence tomography. However, the exact optical properties of this fluid are still unknown. A case of delayed CBDS with induced myopia due to change in IOL position because of fluid collection behind the IOL is presented.

We are using Wikidata and Metaphactory to build an Integrated Flora of Canada (IFC). IFC will be integrated in two senses: First, it will draw on multiple existing flora (e.g. Flora of North America, Flora of Manitoba, etc.) for content. Second, it will be a portal to related resources such as annotations, specimens, literature, and sequence data. Background We had success using Semantic Media Wiki (SMW) as the platform for an on-line representation of the Flora of North America (FNA). We used Charaparser (Cui 2012) to extract plant structures (e.g. “stem”), characters (e.g. “external texture”), and character values (e.g. “glabrous”) from the semi-structured FNA treatments. We then loaded this data into SMW, which allows us to query for taxa based on their character traits, and enables a broad range of exploratory analysis, both for purposes of hypothesis generation, and also to provide support for or against specific scientific hypotheses. Migrating to Wikidata/Wikibase We decided to explore a migration from SMW to Wikibase for three main reasons: simplified workflow; triple level provenance; and sustainability. Simplified workflow: Our workflow for our FNA-based portal includes Natural Language Processing (NLP) of coarse-grained XML to get the fine-grained XML, transforming this XML for input into SMW, and a custom SMW skin for displaying the data. We consider the coarse-grained XML to be canonical. When it changes (because we find an error, or we improve our NLP), we have to re-run the transformation, and re-load the data, which is time-consuming. Ideally, our presentation would be based on API calls to the data itself, eliminating the need to transform and re-load after every change. Provenance: Wikidata's provenance model supports having multiple, conflicting assertions for the same character trait, which is something that inevitably happens when floristic data is integrated. Sustainability: Wikidata has strong support from the Wikimedia Foundation, while SMW is increasingly seen as a legacy system. Wikibase vs. Wikidata Wikidata, however, is not a suitable home for the Integrated Flora of Canada. It is built upon a relatively small number of community curated properties, while we have ~4500 properties for the Asteraceae family alone. The model we want to pursue is to use Wikidata for a small group of core properties (e.g. accepted name, parent taxon, etc.), and to use our own instance of Wikibase for the much larger number of specialized morphological properties (e.g. adaxial leaf colour, leaf external texture, etc.) Essentially, we will be running our own Wikidata, over which we would exercise full control. Miller (2018) decribes deploying this curation model in another domain. Metaphactory Metaphactory is a suite of middleware and front-end interfaces for authoring, managing, and querying knowledge graphs, including mechanisms for faceted search and geospatial visualizations. It is also the software (together with Blazegraph) behind the Wikidata Query Service. Metaphactory provides us with a SPARQL endpoint; a templating mechanism that allows each taxonomic treatment to be rendered via a collection of SPARQL queries; reasoning capabilities (via an underlying graph database) that permit the organization of over 42,000 morphological properties; and a variety of search and discovery tools. There are a number of ways in which Wikidata and Metaphactory can work together, and we are still exploring questions such as: Will provenance be managed via named graphs, or via the Wikidata snak model?; How will data flow between the two platforms? Etc. We will report on our findings to date, and invite collaboration with related Wikimedia-based projects.