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5. Adaptive Variation of Buchnera Endosymbiont Density in Aphid Host Acyrthosiphon pisum Controlled by Environmental Conditions

Author

Neiers, Fabrice, Saliou, Jean-Michel, Briand, Loïc, Robichon, Alain, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Plateformes Lilloises en Biologie et Santé - UMS 2014 - US 41 (PLBS), Institut Pasteur de Lille, Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Réseau International des Instituts Pasteur (RIIP)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Lille-Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Lille] (CHRU Lille)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), This work was supported by an ANR grant 'methylclonome' ANR-12-BSV6-006-01 to Alain Robichon. This work was also supported by the French National Research Agency (ANR) through the LABEX SIGNALIFE program (reference # ANR-11-LABX-0028-01)., ANR-12-BSV6-0006,methylclonome,Analyse de l'héritabilité des traces épigénétiques dans la reproduction clonale(2012), ANR-11-LABX-0028,SIGNALIFE,Réseau d'Innovation sur les Voies de Signalisation en Sciences de la Vie(2011), Plateformes Lilloises en Biologie et Santé - UAR 2014 - US 41 (PLBS), Julien, Sabine, BLANC - Analyse de l'héritabilité des traces épigénétiques dans la reproduction clonale - - methylclonome2012 - ANR-12-BSV6-0006 - BLANC - VALID, and Centres d'excellences - Réseau d'Innovation sur les Voies de Signalisation en Sciences de la Vie - - SIGNALIFE2011 - ANR-11-LABX-0028 - LABX - VALID

Subjects
Chemistry, fungi, bacteria, biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition, [SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biochemistry [q-bio.BM], [SDV.BBM.BC] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology/Biochemistry [q-bio.BM], QD1-999
Abstract

International audience; The scarcity of transcriptional regulatory genes in Buchnera aphidicola, an obligate endosymbiont in aphids, suggests the stability of expressed gene patterns and metabolic pathways. This observation argues in favor of the hypothesis that this endosymbiont bacteria might contribute little to the host adaptation when aphid hosts are facing challenging fluctuating environment. Finding evidence for the increased expression or silenced genes involved in metabolic pathways under the pressure of stress conditions and/or a given environment has been challenging for experimenters with this bacterial symbiotic model. Transcriptomic data have shown that Buchnera gene expression changes are confined to a narrow range when the aphids face brutal environmental variations. In this report, we demonstrate that instead of manipulating individual genes, the conditions may act on the relative mass of endosymbiont corresponding to the needs of the host. The control of the fluctuating number of endosymbiont cells per individual host appears to be an unexpected regulatory modality that contributes to the adaptation of aphids to their environment. This feature may account for the success of the symbiotic advantages in overcoming the drastic changes in temperature and food supplies during evolution.

Published
2021

10. SARS-CoV-2 might manipulate against its host the immunity RNAi/Dicer/Ago system

Author

Pasquier, Claude and Robichon, Alain

Subjects
fungi
Abstract

The role of the RNAi/Dicer/Ago system to degrade RNA viruses has been elusive, which prompt authors to think that interferon (IFN) synthesis is essential, relegating the dsRNAs as accessory function. We investigate SARS-CoV-2 genome responsible of the new deadly COVID-19 pandemic for the theoretical possibilities to engage intra pairing within the viral RNA and also hybrid pairing with human transcriptome. Segmental pieces of RNAs that originate from SARS-CoV-2 were computationally searched as a potential source of one strand, the complementary strand being from the host transcriptome. We therefore considered perfect complementarity of host RNA with any piece of SARS-CoV-2 RNA as a collection of theoretical siRNAs potentially Dicer substrates. Few human genes seems targeted by SARS-CoV-2 RNA, among them mitochondrial deubiquitinase USP30 and a subunit of ubiquitin protein ligase complex FBXO21 could explain premature death of infected cell by the collapse of mitochondria.

Published
2020
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11. Protein Phosphorylation Dynamics: Unexplored Because of Current Methodological Limitations

Author

Robichon, Alain, Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA), and French National Research Agency (ANR)ANR12BSV6000601French National Research Agency (ANR)ANR-11-LABX-002801

Subjects
MS analysis, kinases, phosphoproteome, [SDV.BBM]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, phosphatases, transient complexes
Abstract

The study of intrinsic phosphorylation dynamics and kinetics in the context of complex protein architecture in vivo has been challenging: Method limitations have prevented significant advances in the understanding of the highly variable turnover of phosphate groups, synergy, and cooperativity between P-sites. However, over the last decade, powerful analytical technologies have been developed to determine the full catalog of the phosphoproteome for many species. The curated databases of phospho sites found by mass spectrometry analysis and the computationally predicted sites based on the linear sequence of kinase motifs are valuable tools. They allow investigation of the complexity of phosphorylation in vivo, albeit with strong discrepancies between different methods. A series of hypothetical scenarios on combinatorial processive phosphorylation is proposed that are likely unverifiable with current methodologies. These proposed a priori postulates could be considered as possible extensions of the known schemes of the activation/inhibition signaling process in vivo.

Published
2020

16. Coupling of bitter receptor to phosphodiesterase through transducin in taste receptor cells

Author

Ruiz-Avila, Luis, McLaughlin, Susan K., Wildman, David, McKinnon, Peter J., Robichon, Alain, Spickofsky, Nancy, and Margolskee, Robert F.

Subjects
Transducin -- Research, Taste buds -- Research, Rhodopsin -- Research, Chemical senses -- Research, Environmental issues, Science and technology, Zoology and wildlife conservation
Abstract

Rod transducin was believed to be exclusively in the photoreceptor cells but has been found in vertebrate taste cells where it activates a phosphodiesterase isolated from the taste tissue. Denatonium, a bitter compound, in the presence of taste-cell membranes activates transducin but not Gi protein and a seven-transmembrane-helix G-protein-coupled receptor is most likely involved because taste-cell activation is inhibited by the same peptide as rhodopsin activation. Taste receptors are probably coupled to taste-cell phosphodiesterase through a rod transducin allowing for the transduction of bitter taste.

Published
1995

18. Using the pea aphid Acrythociphon pisum as a tool for screening biological responses to chemicals and drugs

Author

Ledger Terence, Dombrovsky Aviv, Engler Gilbert, and Robichon Alain

Subjects
Medicine, Biology (General), QH301-705.5, Science (General), Q1-390
Abstract

Abstract Background Though the biological process of aphid feeding is well documented, no one to date has sought to apply it as a tool to screen the biological responses to chemicals and drugs, in ecotoxicology, genotoxicology and/or for interactions in the cascade of sequential molecular events of embryogenesis. Parthenogenetic insect species present the advantage of an anatomical system composed of multiple germarium/ovarioles in the same mother with all the intermediate maturation stages of embryos from oocyte to first instar larva birth. This could be used as an interesting model to visualize at which step drugs interact with the cell signalling pathway during the ordered developmental process. Findings We designed a simple test for screening drugs by investigating simultaneously zygote mitotic division, the progression of embryo development, cell differentiation at early developmental stages and finally organogenesis and population growth rate. We aimed to analyze the toxicology effects of compounds and/or their interference on cellular signalling by examining at which step of the cascade, from zygote to mature embryo, the developmental process is perturbed. We reasoned that a parthenogenetic founder insect, in which the ovarioles shelter numerous embryos at different developmental stages, would allow us to precisely pinpoint the step of embryogenesis in which chemicals act through specific molecular targets as the known ordered homeobox genes. Conclusion Using this method we report the results of a genotoxicological and demographic analysis of three compound models bearing in common a bromo group: one is integrated as a base analog in DNA synthesis, two others activate permanently kinases. We report that one compound (Br-du) altered drastically embryogenesis, which argues in favor of this simple technique as a cheap first screening of chemicals or drugs to be used in a number of genotoxicology applications.

Published
2009
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19. Exploratory behaviour in NO-dependent cyclase mutants of Drosophila shows defects in coincident neuronal signalling

Author

Tares Sophie, Engler Gilbert, Garnier Amélie, Zhang Lixing, Tinette Sylvette, and Robichon Alain

Subjects
Neurosciences. Biological psychiatry. Neuropsychiatry, RC321-571, Neurophysiology and neuropsychology, QP351-495
Abstract

Abstract Background Drosophila flies explore the environment very efficiently in order to colonize it. They explore collectively, not individually, so that when a few land on a food spot, they attract the others by signs. This behaviour leads to aggregation of individuals and optimizes the screening of mates and egg-laying on the most favourable food spots. Results Flies perform cycles of exploration/aggregation depending on the resources of the environment. This behavioural ecology constitutes an excellent model for analyzing simultaneous processing of neurosensory information. We reasoned that the decision of flies to land somewhere in order to achieve aggregation is based on simultaneous integration of signals (visual, olfactory, acoustic) during their flight. On the basis of what flies do in nature, we designed laboratory tests to analyze the phenomenon of neuronal coincidence. We screened many mutants of genes involved in neuronal metabolism and the synaptic machinery. Conclusion Mutants of NO-dependent cyclase show a specifically-marked behaviour phenotype, but on the other hand they are associated with moderate biochemical defects. We show that these mutants present errors in integrative and/or coincident processing of signals, which are not reducible to the functions of the peripheral sensory cells.

Published
2007
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20. Simultaneous stimulation of GABA and beta adrenergic receptors stabilizes isotypes of activated adenylyl cyclase heterocomplex

Author

Robichon Alain, Tinette Sylvette, Courtial Cédric, and Pelletier Franck

Subjects
Cytology, QH573-671
Abstract

Abstract Background We investigated how the synthesis of cAMP, stimulated by isoproterenol acting through β-adrenoreceptors and Gs, is strongly amplified by simultaneous incubation with baclofen. Baclofen is an agonist of δ-aminobutyric acid type B receptors [GABAB], known to inhibit adenylyl cyclase via Gi. Because these agents have opposite effects on cAMP levels, the unexpected increase in cAMP synthesis when they are applied simultaneously has been intensively investigated. From previous reports, it appears that cyclase type II contributes most significantly to this phenomenon. Results We found that simultaneous application of isoproterenol and baclofen specifically influences the association/dissociation of molecules involved in the induction and termination of cyclase activity. Beta/gamma from [GABA]B receptor-coupled Gi has a higher affinity for adenylyl cyclase isoform(s) when these isoforms are co-associated with Gs. Our data also suggest that, when beta/gamma and Gαs are associated with adenylyl cyclase isoform(s), beta/gamma from [GABA]B receptor-coupled Gi retards the GTPase activity of Gαs from adrenergic receptor. These reciprocal regulations of subunits of the adenylyl cyclase complex might be responsible for the drastic increase of cAMP synthesis in response to the simultaneous signals. Conclusions Simultaneous signals arriving at a particular synapse converge on molecular detectors of coincidence and trigger specific biochemical events. We hypothesize that this phenomenon comes from the complex molecular architectures involved, including scaffolding proteins that make reciprocal interactions between associated molecules possible. The biochemistry of simultaneous signaling is addressed as a key to synaptic function.

Published
2004
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21. Free flight odor tracking in drosophila: effect of wing chemosensors, sex and pheromonal gene regulation

Author

Houot, Benjamin, Gigot, Vincent, Robichon, Alain, and Ferveur, Jean-François

Subjects
Animal biology, animal structures, Neurons and Cognition, fungi, Biologie animale, Neurosciences, chemosensible, régulation génétique, drosophile
Abstract

The evolution of powered flight in insects had major consequences for global biodiversity and involved the acquisition of adaptive processes allowing individuals to disperse to new ecological niches. Flies use both vision and olfactory input from their antennae to guide their flight; chemosensors on fly wings have been described, but their function remains mysterious. We studied Drosophila flight in a wind tunnel. By genetically manipulating wing chemosensors, we show that these structures play an essential role in flight performance with a sex-specific effect. Pheromonal systems are also involved in Drosophila flight guidance: transgenic expression of the pheromone production and detection gene, desat1, produced low, rapid flight that was absent in control flies. Our study suggests that the sex-specific modulation of free-flight odor tracking depends on gene expression in various fly tissues including wings and pheromonal-related tissues.

Published
2017

27. Functional gustatory receptors in Drosophila wings reveal their role in guidance and exploration associated to flight

Author

Raad, Hussein, Ferveur, Jean-François, Thibert, Julien, Ledger, Neil, Capovilla, Maria, Robichon, Alain, Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] ( CSGA ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Université de Bourgogne ( UB ) -AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation [Dijon] (CSGA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB), Institut Sophia Agrobiotech (ISA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Centre des Sciences du Goût et de l'Alimentation (CSGA), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Bourgogne (UB)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Université de Bourgogne (UB)

Subjects
molécule, pollinisateur, [ SDV.AEN ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition, Neurosciences, calcium cytosolique, goût, insecta, organe sensoriel, chimioreception, niche écologique, Zoologie des invertébrés, substance toxique, détection, drosophile, [SDV.BA.ZI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Invertebrate Zoology, Invertebrate Zoology, Neurons and Cognition, aile, Alimentation et Nutrition, neurone, Food and Nutrition, [SDV.NEU]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Neurons and Cognition [q-bio.NC], signal de transduction, nébulisation, [SDV.AEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Food and Nutrition
Abstract

International audience; Chemoreception in insects is capable to detect highly diverse families of molecules like sugars, various bitter molecules, toxins, water, carbon dioxide and also a large panel of “xenobiotics”, which guide exploration for ecological niches.The taste neuronal elements are amazingly present in insect wings and this feature appears highly conserved in all the winged species of insect taxa.The functionality ofthe taste organs in wings is presently unknown andthis topology suggests an intriguing role that is not documented up to date. In this report we describe that the wing anterior margin neuronal nerve responds to sugars and bitter molecules through an increase of the cytosolic Ca2+ concentration that occurs in both pathways. As expected, the effects on AMPc levels are divergent for sugar and bitter signal transduction. This sensory modality strongly suggests that the pollinator insects “taste” molecules nebulized in theair vortex created by the wing beat during flight in close vicinity to flowers. This evolutionary conserved sensory organdissociates advantageously taste from ingestion avoiding toxicity by noxious substances.

Published
2012

29. Neuropeptide and neurohormone precursors in the pea aphid, Acyrthosiphon pisum

Author

Huybrechts, Jurgen, Bonhomme, Joel, Minoli, Sebastian, Prunier Leterme, Nathalie, Dombrovsky, Aviv, Abdel-Latief, M., Robichon, Alain, Veenstra, J.A., Tagu, Denis, Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Biologie des organismes et des populations appliquées à la protection des plantes (BIO3P), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Rennes (UR)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Interactions Biotiques et Santé Végétale, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Free University of Berlin (FU), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), and Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1

Subjects
PHOTOPERIOD, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], PHENOTYPIC PLASTICITY, food and beverages, PARS INTERCEREBRALIS, APHID, POLYPHENISM, INSULIN
Abstract

International audience; Aphids respond to environmental changes by developing alternative phenotypes with differing reproductive modes. Parthenogenetic reproduction occurs in spring and summer, whereas decreasing day lengths in autumn provoke the production of sexual forms. Changing environmental signals are relayed by brain neuroendocrine signals to the ovarioles. We combined bioinformatic analyses with brain peptidomics and cDNA analyses to establish a catalogue of pea aphid neuropeptides and neurohormones. 42 genes encoding neuropeptides and neurohormones were identified, of which several were supported by expressed sequence tags and/or peptide mass analyses. Interesting features of the pea aphid peptidome are the absence of genes coding for corazonin, vasopressin and sulfakinin and the presence of 10 different genes coding insulin related peptides, one of which appears to be very abundantly expressed.

Published
2010

32. Recherche de nourriture et capacités d'adaptation chez la Drosophile

Author

Amichot, Marcel, Tarès, Sophie, Arthaud, Laury, Robichon, Alain, Réponse des Organismes aux Stress Environnementaux (ROSE), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA), and Institut National de Recherche Agronomique (INRA). UMR Biologie des Organismes et des Populations Appliquée à la Protection des Plantes (1099).

Subjects
[SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS
Abstract

National audience

Published
2007

34. Light- induced electron transfer and ATP synthesis in a carotene synthesizing insect

Author

Valmalette, Jean Christophe, Dombrovsky, Aviv, Brat, Pierre, Mertz, Christian, Capovilla, Maria, Robichon, Alain, Valmalette, Jean Christophe, Dombrovsky, Aviv, Brat, Pierre, Mertz, Christian, Capovilla, Maria, and Robichon, Alain

Abstract

A singular adaptive phenotype of a parthenogenetic insect species (Acyrthosiphon pisum) was selected in cold conditions and is characterized by a remarkable apparition of a greenish colour. The aphid pigments involve carotenoid genes well defined in chloroplasts and cyanobacteria and amazingly present in the aphid genome, likely by lateral transfer during evolution. The abundant carotenoid synthesis in aphids suggests strongly that a major and unknown physiological role is related to these compounds beyond their canonical anti-oxidant properties. We report here that the capture of light energy in living aphids results in the photo induced electron transfer from excited chromophores to acceptor molecules. The redox potentials of molecules involved in this process would be compatible with the reduction of the NAD+ coenzyme. This appears as an archaic photosynthetic system consisting of photo-emitted electrons that are in fine funnelled into the mitochondrial reducing power in order to synthesize ATP molecules.

Published
2012

35. Genome Sequence of the Pea Aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum

Author

Richards, Stephen, Gibbs, Richard A., Gerardo, Nicole M., Moran, Nancy, Nakabachi, Atsushi, Stern, David, Tagu, Denis, Wilson, Alex C. C., Muzny, Donna, Kovar, Christie, Cree, Andy, Chacko, Joseph, Chandrabose, Mimi N., Dao, Marvin Diep, Dinh, Huyen H., Gabisi, Ramatu Ayiesha, Hines, Sandra, Hume, Jennifer, Jhangian, Shalini N., Joshi, Vandita, Lewis, Lora R., Liu, Yih-shin, Lopez, John, Morgan, Margaret B., Nguyen, Ngoc Bich, Okwuonu, Geoffrey O., Ruiz, San Juana, Santibanez, Jireh, Wright, Rita A., Fowler, Gerald R., Hitchens, Matthew E., Lozado, Ryan J., Moen, Charles, Steffen, David, Warren, James T., Zhang, Jingkun, Nazareth, Lynne V., Chavez, Dean, Davis, Clay, Lee, Sandra L., Patel, Bella Mayurkumar, Pu, Ling-Ling, Bell, Stephanie N., Johnson, Angela Jolivet, Vattathil, Selina, Williams, Rex L., Jr., Shigenobu, Shuji, Dang, Phat M., Morioka, Mizue, Fukatsu, Takema, Kudo, Toshiaki, Miyagishima, Shin-ya, Jiang, Huaiyang, Worley, Kim C., Legeai, Fabrice, Gauthier, Jean-Pierre, Collin, Olivier, Zhang, Lan, Chen, Hsiu-Chuan, Ermolaeva, Olga, Hlavina, Wratko, Kapustin, Yuri, Kiryutin, Boris, Kitts, Paul, Maglott, Donna, Murphy, Terence, Pruitt, Kim, Sapojnikov, Victor, Souvorov, Alexandre, Thibaud-Nissen, Francoise, Camara, Francisco, Guigo, Roderic, Stanke, Mario, Solovyev, Victor, Kosarev, Peter, Gilbert, Don, Gabaldon, Toni, Huerta-Cepas, Jaime, Marcet-Houben, Marina, Pignatelli, Miguel, Moya, Andres, Rispe, Claude, Ollivier, Morgane, Quesneville, Hadi, Permal, Emmanuelle, Llorens, Carlos, Futami, Ricardo, Hedges, Dale, Robertson, Hugh M., Alioto, Tyler, Mariotti, Marco, Nikoh, Naruo, McCutcheon, John P., Burke, Gaelen, Kamins, Alexandra, Latorre, Amparo, Moran, Nancy A., Ashton, Peter, Calevro, Federica, Charles, Hubert, Colella, Stefano, Douglas, Angela, Jander, Georg, Jones, Derek H., Febvay, Gerard, Kamphuis, Lars G., Kushlan, Philip F., Macdonald, Sandy, Ramsey, John, Schwartz, Julia, Seah, Stuart, Thomas, Gavin, Vellozo, Augusto, Cass, Bodil, Degnan, Patrick, Hurwitz, Bonnie, Leonardo, Teresa, Koga, Ryuichi, Altincicek, Boran, Anselme, Caroline, Atamian, Hagop, Barribeau, Seth M., de Vos, Martin, Duncan, Elizabeth J., Evans, Jay, Ghanim, Murad, Heddi, Abdelaziz, Kaloshian, Isgouhi, Vincent-Monegat, Carole, Parker, Ben J., Perez-Brocal, Vicente, Rahbe, Yvan, Spragg, Chelsea J., Tamames, Javier, Tamarit, Daniel, Tamborindeguy, Cecilia, Vilcinskas, Andreas, Bickel, Ryan D., Brisson, Jennifer A., Butts, Thomas, Chang, Chun-che, Christiaens, Olivier, Davis, Gregory K., Duncan, Elizabeth, Ferrier, David, Iga, Masatoshi, Janssen, Ralf, Lu, Hsiao-Ling, McGregor, Alistair, Miura, Toru, Smagghe, Guy, Smith, James, van der Zee, Maurijn, Velarde, Rodrigo, Wilson, Megan, Dearden, Peter, Edwards, Owain R., Gordon, Karl, Hilgarth, Roland S., Rider, Stanley Dean, Jr., Srinivasan, Dayalan, Walsh, Thomas K., Ishikawa, Asano, Jaubert-Possamai, Stephanie, Fenton, Brian, Huang, Wenting, Rizk, Guillaume, Lavenier, Dominique, Nicolas, Jacques, Smadja, Carole, Zhou, Jing-Jiang, Vieira, Filipe G., He, Xiao-Li, Liu, Renhu, Rozas, Julio, Field, Linda M., Ashton, Peter D., Campbell, Peter, Carolan, James C., Douglas, Angela E., Fitzroy, Carol I. J., Reardon, Karen T., Reeck, Gerald R., Singh, Karam, Wilkinson, Thomas L., Huybrechts, Jurgen, Abdel-latief, Mohatmed, Robichon, Alain, Veenstra, Jan A., Hauser, Frank, Cazzamali, Giuseppe, Schneider, Martina, Williamson, Michael, Stafflinger, Elisabeth, Hansen, Karina K., Grimmelikhuijzen, Cornelis J. P., Price, Daniel R. G., Caillaud, Marina, van Fleet, Eric, Ren, Qinghu, Gatehouse, John A., Brault, Veronique, Monsion, Baptiste, Diaz, Jason, Hunnicutt, Laura, Ju, Ho-Jong, Pechuan, Ximo, Aguilar, Jose, Cortes, Teresa, Ortiz-Rivas, Benjamin, Martinez-Torres, David, Dombrovsky, Aviv, Dale, Richard P., Davies, T. G. Emyr, Williamson, Martin S., Jones, Andrew, Sattelle, David, Williamson, Sally, Wolstenholme, Adrian, Cottret, Ludovic, Sagot, Marie France, Heckel, David G., Hunter, Wayne, Richards, Stephen, Gibbs, Richard A., Gerardo, Nicole M., Moran, Nancy, Nakabachi, Atsushi, Stern, David, Tagu, Denis, Wilson, Alex C. C., Muzny, Donna, Kovar, Christie, Cree, Andy, Chacko, Joseph, Chandrabose, Mimi N., Dao, Marvin Diep, Dinh, Huyen H., Gabisi, Ramatu Ayiesha, Hines, Sandra, Hume, Jennifer, Jhangian, Shalini N., Joshi, Vandita, Lewis, Lora R., Liu, Yih-shin, Lopez, John, Morgan, Margaret B., Nguyen, Ngoc Bich, Okwuonu, Geoffrey O., Ruiz, San Juana, Santibanez, Jireh, Wright, Rita A., Fowler, Gerald R., Hitchens, Matthew E., Lozado, Ryan J., Moen, Charles, Steffen, David, Warren, James T., Zhang, Jingkun, Nazareth, Lynne V., Chavez, Dean, Davis, Clay, Lee, Sandra L., Patel, Bella Mayurkumar, Pu, Ling-Ling, Bell, Stephanie N., Johnson, Angela Jolivet, Vattathil, Selina, Williams, Rex L., Jr., Shigenobu, Shuji, Dang, Phat M., Morioka, Mizue, Fukatsu, Takema, Kudo, Toshiaki, Miyagishima, Shin-ya, Jiang, Huaiyang, Worley, Kim C., Legeai, Fabrice, Gauthier, Jean-Pierre, Collin, Olivier, Zhang, Lan, Chen, Hsiu-Chuan, Ermolaeva, Olga, Hlavina, Wratko, Kapustin, Yuri, Kiryutin, Boris, Kitts, Paul, Maglott, Donna, Murphy, Terence, Pruitt, Kim, Sapojnikov, Victor, Souvorov, Alexandre, Thibaud-Nissen, Francoise, Camara, Francisco, Guigo, Roderic, Stanke, Mario, Solovyev, Victor, Kosarev, Peter, Gilbert, Don, Gabaldon, Toni, Huerta-Cepas, Jaime, Marcet-Houben, Marina, Pignatelli, Miguel, Moya, Andres, Rispe, Claude, Ollivier, Morgane, Quesneville, Hadi, Permal, Emmanuelle, Llorens, Carlos, Futami, Ricardo, Hedges, Dale, Robertson, Hugh M., Alioto, Tyler, Mariotti, Marco, Nikoh, Naruo, McCutcheon, John P., Burke, Gaelen, Kamins, Alexandra, Latorre, Amparo, Moran, Nancy A., Ashton, Peter, Calevro, Federica, Charles, Hubert, Colella, Stefano, Douglas, Angela, Jander, Georg, Jones, Derek H., Febvay, Gerard, Kamphuis, Lars G., Kushlan, Philip F., Macdonald, Sandy, Ramsey, John, Schwartz, Julia, Seah, Stuart, Thomas, Gavin, Vellozo, Augusto, Cass, Bodil, Degnan, Patrick, Hurwitz, Bonnie, Leonardo, Teresa, Koga, Ryuichi, Altincicek, Boran, Anselme, Caroline, Atamian, Hagop, Barribeau, Seth M., de Vos, Martin, Duncan, Elizabeth J., Evans, Jay, Ghanim, Murad, Heddi, Abdelaziz, Kaloshian, Isgouhi, Vincent-Monegat, Carole, Parker, Ben J., Perez-Brocal, Vicente, Rahbe, Yvan, Spragg, Chelsea J., Tamames, Javier, Tamarit, Daniel, Tamborindeguy, Cecilia, Vilcinskas, Andreas, Bickel, Ryan D., Brisson, Jennifer A., Butts, Thomas, Chang, Chun-che, Christiaens, Olivier, Davis, Gregory K., Duncan, Elizabeth, Ferrier, David, Iga, Masatoshi, Janssen, Ralf, Lu, Hsiao-Ling, McGregor, Alistair, Miura, Toru, Smagghe, Guy, Smith, James, van der Zee, Maurijn, Velarde, Rodrigo, Wilson, Megan, Dearden, Peter, Edwards, Owain R., Gordon, Karl, Hilgarth, Roland S., Rider, Stanley Dean, Jr., Srinivasan, Dayalan, Walsh, Thomas K., Ishikawa, Asano, Jaubert-Possamai, Stephanie, Fenton, Brian, Huang, Wenting, Rizk, Guillaume, Lavenier, Dominique, Nicolas, Jacques, Smadja, Carole, Zhou, Jing-Jiang, Vieira, Filipe G., He, Xiao-Li, Liu, Renhu, Rozas, Julio, Field, Linda M., Ashton, Peter D., Campbell, Peter, Carolan, James C., Douglas, Angela E., Fitzroy, Carol I. J., Reardon, Karen T., Reeck, Gerald R., Singh, Karam, Wilkinson, Thomas L., Huybrechts, Jurgen, Abdel-latief, Mohatmed, Robichon, Alain, Veenstra, Jan A., Hauser, Frank, Cazzamali, Giuseppe, Schneider, Martina, Williamson, Michael, Stafflinger, Elisabeth, Hansen, Karina K., Grimmelikhuijzen, Cornelis J. P., Price, Daniel R. G., Caillaud, Marina, van Fleet, Eric, Ren, Qinghu, Gatehouse, John A., Brault, Veronique, Monsion, Baptiste, Diaz, Jason, Hunnicutt, Laura, Ju, Ho-Jong, Pechuan, Ximo, Aguilar, Jose, Cortes, Teresa, Ortiz-Rivas, Benjamin, Martinez-Torres, David, Dombrovsky, Aviv, Dale, Richard P., Davies, T. G. Emyr, Williamson, Martin S., Jones, Andrew, Sattelle, David, Williamson, Sally, Wolstenholme, Adrian, Cottret, Ludovic, Sagot, Marie France, Heckel, David G., and Hunter, Wayne

Abstract

Aphids are important agricultural pests and also biological models for studies of insect-plant interactions, symbiosis, virus vectoring, and the developmental causes of extreme phenotypic plasticity. Here we present the 464 Mb draft genome assembly of the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum. This first published whole genome sequence of a basal hemimetabolous insect provides an outgroup to the multiple published genomes of holometabolous insects. Pea aphids are host-plant specialists, they can reproduce both sexually and asexually, and they have coevolved with an obligate bacterial symbiont. Here we highlight findings from whole genome analysis that may be related to these unusual biological features. These findings include discovery of extensive gene duplication in more than 2000 gene families as well as loss of evolutionarily conserved genes. Gene family expansions relative to other published genomes include genes involved in chromatin modification, miRNA synthesis, and sugar transport. Gene losses include genes central to the IMD immune pathway, selenoprotein utilization, purine salvage, and the entire urea cycle. The pea aphid genome reveals that only a limited number of genes have been acquired from bacteria; thus the reduced gene count of Buchnera does not reflect gene transfer to the host genome. The inventory of metabolic genes in the pea aphid genome suggests that there is extensive metabolite exchange between the aphid and Buchnera, including sharing of amino acid biosynthesis between the aphid and Buchnera. The pea aphid genome provides a foundation for post-genomic studies of fundamental biological questions and applied agricultural problems.

Published
2010
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48. Environment Exploration and Colonization Behavior of the Pea Aphid Associated with the Expression of the foraging Gene

Author

Tarès, Sophie, Arthaud, Laury, Amichot, Marcel, and Robichon, Alain

Subjects
PEA aphid, COLONIZATION (Ecology), GENE expression, INSECT genetics, FORAGING behavior, ENTOMOLOGY, MOLECULAR biology, GENOMICS
Abstract

Aphids respond to specific environmental cues by producing alternative morphs, a phenomenon called polyphenism, but also by modulating their individual behavior even within the same morph. This complex plasticity allows a rapid adaptation of individuals to fluctuating environmental conditions, but the underlying genetic and molecular mechanisms remain largely unknown. The foraging gene is known to be associated with behavior in various species and has been shown to mediate the behavioral shift induced by environmental changes in some insects. In this study, we investigated the function of this gene in the clonal forms of the pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum by identifying and cloning cDNA variants, as well as analyzing their expression levels in developmental morphs and behavioral variants. Our results indicate that the expression of foraging changes at key steps of the aphid development. This gene is also highly expressed in sedentary wingless adult morphs reared under crowded conditions, probably just before they start walking and foraging. The cGMP-dependent protein kinase (PKG) enzyme activity measured in the behavioral variants correlates with the level of foraging expression. Altogether, our results suggest that foraging could act to promote the shift from a sedentary to an exploratory behavior, being thus involved in the behavioral plasticity of the pea aphid. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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