Search

Tick-borne pathogens are growing in importance for human and veterinary research worldwide. We developed, optimized, and validated a reliable quantitative PCR (qPCR; real-time PCR) assay to assess Borrelia burgdorferi infection by targeting two B. burgdorferi genes, ospA and flaB. When assessing previously tested tick samples, its performance surpassed the nested PCR in efficiency, sensitivity, and specificity. Since the detection of Borrelia is more difficult in mammalian samples, the qPCR assay was also assessed using wildlife tissues. For wildlife samples, the sensitivity and specificity of ospA primers, with the incorporation of a pre-amplification step, was equivalent or superior to the nested PCR. For human samples, no primer set was successful with human tissue without culture, but we detected Borrelia with ospA and flaB primers in 50% of the Lyme culture samples, corresponding to 60% of the participants with a Lyme disease diagnosis or suspicion. The specificity of amplification was confirmed by Sanger sequencing. The healthy participant culture samples were negative. This PCR-based direct detection assay performs well for the detection of Borrelia in different biological samples. Advancements in detection methods lead to a better surveillance of Borrelia in vectors and hosts, and, ultimately, enhance human and animal health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Colorectal cancer (CRC) represents a significant global health burden, with high incidence and mortality rates worldwide. Recent progress in research highlights the distinct clinical and molecular characteristics of colon versus rectal cancers, underscoring tumor location's importance in treatment approaches. This article provides a comprehensive review of our current understanding of CRC epidemiology, risk factors, molecular pathogenesis, and management strategies. We also present the intricate cellular architecture of colonic crypts and their roles in intestinal homeostasis. Colorectal carcinogenesis multistep processes are also described, covering the conventional adenoma–carcinoma sequence, alternative serrated pathways, and the influential Vogelstein model, which proposes sequential APC, KRAS, and TP53 alterations as drivers. The consensus molecular CRC subtypes (CMS1-CMS4) are examined, shedding light on disease heterogeneity and personalized therapy implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A small family of organometallic platinum complexes containing a chloride, ris-cyclooctene, and a Schiff base ligand have been prepared and characterized fully. Three aliphatic amines and four aromatic amines were chosen as representative examples. All complexes were stable in air except for 7, derived from the pinacol-protected 4-aminophenylboronate ester 4-[H.sub.2]N[C.sub.6][H.sub.4]Bpin (pin = 1, 2-[O.sub.2][C.sub.2][Me.sub.4]), which decomposed via B-C bond cleavage. Both complexes 4 (derived from aniline) and 7 were further characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction studies and confirmed the square planar nature of the platinum centre whereby the chloride ligand lies trans to the deprotonated hydroxyl group of the Schiff base ligand. The imine functionality is trans to the organic cyclooctene group. Complex 3, which contained the longest aliphatic chain studied (an octyl group), was the most promising for inducing apoptosis in the malignant MB231 breast cancer cell line. Conversely, complexes 4-6, which contained aromatic groups, were the most active against renal cell carcinoma (RCC) cell lines. Keywords: anticancer, cytotoxicity, platinum, organometallic, Schiff base. Nous avons prepare et entierement caracterise une petite serie de complexes organometalliques a base de platine contenant les ligands suivants: chlorure, ris-cyclo-octene et une base de Schiff. Nous avons selectionne trois amines aliphatiques et quatre amines aromatiques a titre d'exemples representatifs. Tous, sauf le complexe 7, etaient stables a l'air. Ce dernier, derive ester du 4-aminophenylboronate protege par un groupement pinacol, le 4-[H.sub.2]N[C.sub.6][H.sub.4]Bpin (pin = 1, 2-[O.sub.2][C.sub.2][Me.sub.4]), s'est decompose par rupture de la liaison B-C. Nous avons caracterise davantage les complexes 4 (derive de l'aniline) et 7 par des etudes de diffraction des rayons X sur cristal unique et avons confirme la nature planaire carree de l'atome central de platine, de part et d'autre duquel se font face le ligand chlorure et le groupement hydroxyle deprotone de la base Schiff, dans un arrangement trans. En outre, la fonctionnalite imine est trans par rapport au groupement organique cyclo-octene. Le complexe 3, qui comprenait la plus longue chaine aliphatique etudiee (un groupement octyle), s'est revele le plus prometteur pour provoquer l'apoptose des cellules de cancer du sein de la lignee MB231. Inversement, les complexes 4-6, qui contiennent des groupements aromatiques, ont ete les plus actifs contre les cellules d'hypernephrome (RCC). [Traduit par la Redaction] Mots-cles: anticancereux, cytotoxicite, platine, organometallique, base de Schiff., Introduction Cisplatin, or ris-diamminedichloridoplatinum(II) (Fig. 1), is a remarkable small molecule that has made a large impact in the world of medicinal inorganic chemistry. Indeed, cisplatin has been used in [...]