Search

Your search keyword '"Roberts D"' showing total 15,202 results
Start Over Author "Roberts D"
15,202 results on '"Roberts D"'

1. Tendinopathic Plantaris but Normal Achilles Tendon Found in About One-Fifth of Patients Not Responding to Conservative Achilles Tendon Management – Results from a Prospective WALANT Surgical Case Series on 105 Tendons

Author

Alfredson H, Waldén M, Roberts D, and Spang C

Subjects
achilles tendinopathy, surgery, plantaris, consecutive, ultrasound, Sports medicine, RC1200-1245
Abstract

Håkan Alfredson,1,2 Markus Waldén,3,4 David Roberts,3 Christoph Spang5– 7 1Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Sports Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; 2Alfredson Tendon Clinic, Capio Ortho Center Skåne, Malmö, Sweden; 3Capio Ortho Center Skåne, Malmö, Sweden; 4Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden; 5Department of Integrative Medical Biology, Anatomy Section, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden; 6Private Orthopaedic Spine Center, Würzburg, Germany; 7Institute for Sports Science, Würzburg University, Würzburg, GermanyCorrespondence: Håkan Alfredson, Department of Community Medicine and Rehabilitation, Sports Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, 90187, Sweden, Tel +46 (0) 702288441, Email hakan.alfredson@umu.sePurpose: Midportion Achilles tendinopathy is a relatively common condition. This study aimed to investigate the presence of a normal Achilles tendon, but a tendinopathic plantaris tendon, in a large and consecutive prospective sample of patients referred to a specialised tendon clinic for midportion Achilles tendon pain not responding to non-surgical treatment.Patients and Methods: A total of 105 consecutive tendons were operated on in 81 patients (62 males) suffering from painful midportion Achilles tendon pain. Clinical examination, ultrasound (US) and colour Doppler (CD) examination, and wide awake local anaesthetic no tourniquet (WALANT) surgery were performed in all patients.Results: For 19/105 (18%) tendons from 14 patients, clinical examination suspected plantaris tendinopathy alone as there was a distinct tenderness on the medial side, but no thickening of the Achilles tendon. US examination followed by surgery confirmed the diagnosis.Conclusion: Midportion Achilles tendon pain is not always related to Achilles tendinopathy since pain related to the plantaris tendon alone was found in almost every fifth patient. Consequently, there is an obvious need for proper examination to identify the pain source and establish a correct diagnosis before treatment.Keywords: Achilles tendinopathy, surgery, plantaris, consecutive, ultrasound

Published
2024

2. Chronic fatigue syndrome and quality of life

Author

Roberts D

Subjects
Long term conditions, patient perspective, assessment., Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Deb Roberts Liverpool CFS Therapy Service, Royal Liverpool and Broadgreen University Hospitals, Liverpool, UK Abstract: Chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), also known as myalgic encephalomyelitis (ME), is a challenging long-term condition (LTC) with complex and fluctuating symptoms. It is heterogeneous in presentation without diagnostic indicators; therefore, in health care encounters, insight must be gained from the patient’s perspective. One indicator of impact can be gained by measuring quality of life (QoL). By applying a patient-reported outcome measure (PROM), professionals can gather insights with direct relevance to the patient questioned. Such a tool can act therapeutically tool to promote holistic and individualized professional interventions and interval measurement can inform commissioning of specialist services. Standard practice appears not fully to capture the experience of CFS, while a search of the literature turned up QoL patient-reported outcome tools, but failed to reveal a CFS/ME-specific measure. The author explores a valid and reliable PROM that can monitor change and evaluate the UK National Institute of Clinical Excellence rehabilitation program, as delivered by specialist National Health Service units. An alternative, the World Health Organization’s quality-of life instrument (WHOQoL)-Bref26, is reviewed for relevance to the condition, measuring treatment outcomes and the wider debate of measuring QoL in LTCs. Keywords: long-term conditions, patient perspective, assessment, quality of life, measurement

Published
2018

3. Environmental Quenching of Low Surface Brightness Galaxies near Milky Way mass Hosts

Author

Bhattacharyya, J., Peter, A. H. G., Martini, P., Mutlu-Pakdil, B., Drlica-Wagner, A., Pace, A. B., Strigari, L. E., Cheng, Y. -T., Roberts, D., Tanoglidis, D., Aguena, M., Alves, O., Andrade-Oliveira, F., Bacon, D., Brooks, D., Rosell, A. Carnero, Carretero, J., da Costa, L. N., Pereira, M. E. S., Davis, T. M., Desai, S., Doel, P., Ferrero, I., Frieman, J., García-Bellido, J., Giannini, G., Gruen, D., Gruendl, R. A., Hinton, S. R., Hollowood, D. L., Honscheid, K., James, D. J., Kuehn, K., Marshall, J. L., Mena-Fernández, J., Miquel, R., Palmese, A., Pieres, A., Malagón, A. A. Plazas, Sanchez, E., Santiago, B., Schubnell, M., Sevilla-Noarbe, I., Smith, M., Suchyta, E., Swanson, M. E. C., Tarle, G., Vincenzi, M., Walker, A. R., Weaverdyck, N., and Wiseman, P.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

Low Surface Brightness Galaxies (LSBGs) are excellent probes of quenching and other environmental processes near massive galaxies. We study an extensive sample of LSBGs near massive hosts in the local universe that are distributed across a diverse range of environments. The LSBGs with surface-brightness $\mu_{\rm eff,g}> $24.2 mag arcsec$^{-2}$ are drawn from the Dark Energy Survey Year 3 catalog while the hosts with masses $9.0< log(M_{\star}/M_{\odot})< 11.0$ comparable to the Milky Way and the Large Magellanic Cloud are selected from the z0MGS sample. We study the projected radial density profiles of LSBGs as a function of their color and surface brightness around hosts in both the rich Fornax-Eridanus cluster environment and the low-density field. We detect an overdensity with respect to the background density, out to 2.5 times the virial radius for both hosts in the cluster environment and the isolated field galaxies. When the LSBG sample is split by $g-i$ color or surface brightness $\mu_{\rm eff,g}$, we find the LSBGs closer to their hosts are significantly redder and brighter, like their high surface-brightness counterparts. The LSBGs form a clear 'red sequence' in both the cluster and isolated environments that is visible beyond the virial radius of the hosts. This suggests a pre-processing of infalling LSBGs and a quenched backsplash population around both host samples. However, the relative prominence of the 'blue cloud' feature implies that pre-processing is ongoing near the isolated hosts compared to the cluster hosts., Comment: 22 pages, 7 figures

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

4. Search for $B$ Mesogenesis at BABAR

Author

BABAR Collaboration, Lees, J. P., Poireau, V., Tisserand, V., Grauges, E., Palano, A., Eigen, G., Brown, D. N., Kolomensky, Yu. G., Fritsch, M., Koch, H., Cheaib, R., Hearty, C., Mattison, T. S., McKenna, J. A., So, R. Y., Blinov, V. E., Buzykaev, A. R., Druzhinin, V. P., Golubev, V. B., Kozyrev, E. A., Kravchenko, E. A., Onuchin, A. P., Serednyakov, S. I., Skovpen, Yu. I., Solodov, E. P., Todyshev, K. Yu., Lankford, A. J., Dey, B., Gary, J. W., Long, O., Eisner, A. M., Lockman, W. S., Vazquez, W. Panduro, Chao, D. S., Cheng, C. H., Echenard, B., Flood, K. T., Hitlin, D. G., Kim, J., Li, Y., Lin, D. X., Middleton, S., Miyashita, T. S., Ongmongkolkul, P., Oyang, J., Porter, F. C., Röhrken, M., Huard, Z., Meadows, B. T., Pushpawela, B. G., Sokoloff, M. D., Sun, L., Smith, J. G., Wagner, S. R., Bernard, D., Verderi, M., Bettoni, D., Bozzi, C., Calabrese, R., Cibinetto, G., Fioravanti, E., Garzia, I., Luppi, E., Santoro, V., Calcaterra, A., de Sangro, R., Finocchiaro, G., Martellotti, S., Patteri, P., Peruzzi, I. M., Piccolo, M., Rotondo, M., Zallo, A., Passaggio, S., Patrignani, C., Shuve, B. J., Lacker, H. M., Bhuyan, B., Mallik, U., Chen, C., Cochran, J., Prell, S., Gritsan, A. V., Arnaud, N., Davier, M., Diberder, F. Le, Lutz, A. M., Wormser, G., Lange, D. J., Wright, D. M., Coleman, J. P., Gabathuler, E., Hutchcroft, D. E., Payne, D. J., Touramanis, C., Bevan, A. J., Di Lodovico, F., Sacco, R., Cowan, G., Banerjee, Sw., Davis, C. L., Denig, A. G., Gradl, W., Griessinger, K., Hafner, A., Schubert, K. R., Barlow, R. J., Lafferty, G. D., Cenci, R., Jawahery, A., Roberts, D. A., Cowan, R., Robertson, S. H., Seddon, R. M., Neri, N., Palombo, F., Cremaldi, L., Godang, R., Summers, D. J., Taras, P., De Nardo, G., Sciacca, C., Raven, G., Jessop, C. P., LoSecco, J. M., Honscheid, K., Kass, R., Gaz, A., Margoni, M., Posocco, M., Simi, G., Simonetto, F., Stroili, R., Akar, S., Ben-Haim, E., Bomben, M., Bonneaud, G. R., Calderini, G., Chauveau, J., Marchiori, G., Ocariz, J., Biasini, M., Manoni, E., Rossi, A., Batignani, G., Bettarini, S., Carpinelli, M., Casarosa, G., Chrzaszcz, M., Forti, F., Giorgi, M. A., Lusiani, A., Oberhof, B., Paoloni, E., Rama, M., Rizzo, G., Walsh, J. J., Zani, L., Smith, A. J. S., Anulli, F., Faccini, R., Ferrarotto, F., Ferroni, F., Pilloni, A., Piredda, G., Bünger, C., Dittrich, S., Grünberg, O., Heß, M., Leddig, T., Voß, C., Waldi, R., Adye, T., Wilson, F. F., Emery, S., Vasseur, G., Aston, D., Cartaro, C., Convery, M. R., Dorfan, J., Dunwoodie, W., Ebert, M., Field, R. C., Fulsom, B. G., Graham, M. T., Hast, C., Innes, W. R., Kim, P., Leith, D. W. G. S., Luitz, S., MacFarlane, D. B., Muller, D. R., Neal, H., Ratcliff, B. N., Roodman, A., Sullivan, M. K., Va'vra, J., Wisniewski, W. J., Purohit, M. V., Wilson, J. R., Randle-Conde, A., Sekula, S. J., Ahmed, H., Tasneem, N., Bellis, M., Burchat, P. R., Puccio, E. M. T., Alam, M. S., Ernst, J. A., Gorodeisky, R., Guttman, N., Peimer, D. R., Soffer, A., Spanier, S. M., Ritchie, J. L., Schwitters, R. F., Izen, J. M., Lou, X. C., Bianchi, F., De Mori, F., Filippi, A., Gamba, D., Lanceri, L., Vitale, L., Martinez-Vidal, F., Oyanguren, A., Albert, J., Beaulieu, A., Bernlochner, F. U., King, G. J., Kowalewski, R., Lueck, T., Miller, C., Nugent, I. M., Roney, J. M., Sobie, R. J., Gershon, T. J., Harrison, P. F., Latham, T. E., Prepost, R., and Wu, S. L.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

A new mechanism has been proposed to simultaneously explain the presence of dark matter and the matter-antimatter asymmetry in the universe. This scenario predicts exotic $B$ meson decays into a baryon and a dark sector anti-baryon ($\psi_D$) with branching fractions accessible at $B$ factories. We present a search for $B \rightarrow \Lambda \psi_D$ decays using data collected by the $BABAR$ experiment at SLAC. This reaction is identified by fully reconstructing the accompanying $B$ meson and requiring the presence of a single $\Lambda$ baryon in the remaining particles. No significant signal is observed, and bounds on the $B \rightarrow \Lambda \psi_D$ branching fraction are derived in the range $0.13 - 5.2\times 10^{-5}$ for $1.0 < m_{\psi_D} < 4.2$ GeV/$c^{2}$. These results set strong constraints on the parameter space allowed by the theory.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

6. Preventing tuberculosis with community‐based care in an HIV‐endemic setting: a modelling analysis

Author

Ross, Jennifer M., Greene, Chelsea, Broshkevitch, Cara J., Dowdy, David W., Heerden, Alastair, Heitner, Jesse, Rao, Darcy W., Roberts, D. Allen, Shapiro, Adrienne E., Zabinsky, Zelda B., and Barnabas, Ruanne V.

Subjects
HIV (Viruses) -- Prevention, Medicine, Preventive -- Analysis -- Models, Mortality -- South Africa, Antiviral agents -- Models -- Analysis, Highly active antiretroviral therapy -- Models -- Analysis, Tuberculosis -- Prevention, Disease transmission -- Prevention, Preventive health services -- Analysis -- Models, Health
Abstract

: Introduction: Antiretroviral therapy (ART) and tuberculosis preventive treatment (TPT) both prevent tuberculosis (TB) disease and deaths among people living with HIV. Differentiated care models, including community‐based care, can increase the uptake of ART and TPT to prevent TB in settings with a high burden of HIV‐associated TB, particularly among men. Methods: We developed a gender‐stratified dynamic model of TB and HIV transmission and disease progression among 100,000 adults ages 15−59 in KwaZulu‐Natal, South Africa. We drew model parameters from a community‐based ART initiation and resupply trial in sub‐Saharan Africa (Delivery Optimization for Antiretroviral Therapy, DO ART) and other scientific literature. We simulated the impacts of community‐based ART and TPT care programmes during 2018−2027, assuming that community‐based ART and TPT care were scaled up to similar levels as in the DO ART trial (i.e. ART coverage increasing from 49% to 82% among men and from 69% to 83% among women) and sustained for 10 years. We projected the number of TB cases, deaths and disability‐adjusted life years (DALYs) averted relative to standard, clinic‐based care. We calculated programme costs and incremental cost‐effectiveness ratios from the provider perspective. Results: If community‐based ART care could be implemented with similar effectiveness to the DO ART trial, increased ART coverage could reduce TB incidence by 27.0% (range 21.3%−34.1%) and TB mortality by 34.6% (range 24.8%–42.2%) after 10 years. Increasing both ART and TPT uptake through community‐based ART with TPT care could reduce TB incidence by 29.7% (range 23.9%−36.0%) and TB mortality by 36.0% (range 26.9%−43.8%). Community‐based ART with TPT care reduced gender disparities in TB mortality rates, with a projected 54 more deaths annually among men than women (range 11–103) after 10 years of community‐based care versus 109 (range 41–182) in standard care. Over 10 years, the mean cost per DALY averted by community‐based ART with TPT care was $846 USD (range $709–$1012). Conclusions: By substantially increasing coverage of ART and TPT, community‐based care for people living with HIV could reduce TB incidence and mortality in settings with high burdens of HIV‐associated TB and reduce TB gender disparities., INTRODUCTION Tuberculosis (TB) is the leading cause of death globally among people living with HIV (PLWH) [1]. HIV acquisition markedly increases the risk of progression to active TB disease [2]. [...]

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

8. Tenecteplase versus standard of care for minor ischaemic stroke with proven occlusion (TEMPO-2): a randomised, open label, phase 3 superiority trial

Author

Salluzzi, Marina, Blenkin, Nicole, Dueck, Ashley, Doram, Craig, Zhang, Qiao, Kenney, Carol, Ryckborst, Karla, Bohn, Shelly, Collier, Quentin, Taylor, Frances, Lethebe, B. Cord, Jambula, Anitha, Sage, Kayla, Toussaint, Lana, Save, Supryia, Lee, Jaclyn, Laham, N, Sultan, A.A., Deepak, A., Sitaram, A., Demchuk, Andrew M., Lockey, A., Micielli, A., Wadhwa, A., Arabambi, B., Graham, B., Bogiatzi, Chrysi, Doshi, Darshan, Chakraborty, D., Kim, Diana, Vasquez, D, Singh, D, Tse, Dominic, Harrison, E., Smith, E.E., Teleg, E., Klourfeld, E., Klein, G., Sebastian, I.A., Evans, J, Hegedus, J, Kromm, J, Lin, K, Ignacio, K, Ghavami, Kimia, Ismail, M., Moores, M., Panzini, M.A., Boyko, M., Almekhlafi, M.A., Newcommon, Nancy, Maraj, N., Imoukhuede, O., Volny, O., Stys, Peter, Couillard, Phillipe, Ojha, P., Eswaradass, P., Joundi, Raed, Singh, R., Asuncion, R.M., Muir, R.T., Dey, S., Mansoor, S., Wasyliw, S., Nagendra, S., Hu, Sherry, Althubait, S., Chen, S., Bal, S., Van Gaal, Stephen, Peters, Steven, Ray, Sucharita, Chaturvedi, S., Subramaniam, Suresh, Fu, Vivian, Villaluna, K., Maclean, G., King-Azote, P., Ma, C., Plecash, A., Murphy, C., Gorman, J., Wilson, L., Zhou, L., Benevente, O., Teal, P., Yip, S., Mann, S., Dewar, B., Demetroff, M., Shamloul, R., Beardshaw, R., Roberts, S., Blaquiere, D., Stotts, G., Shamy, M., Bereznyakova, O., Fahed, R., Alesefir, W., Lavoie, Suzy, Hache, A., Collard, K, Mackey, A., Gosselin-Lefebvre, S., Verreault, S., Beauchamp, B., Lambourn, L., Khaw, A., Mai, L., Sposato, L., Bres Bullrich, M., Azarpazhooh, R., Fridman, S., Kapoor, A., Southwell, A., Bardi, E., Fatakdawala, I., Kamra, M, Lopes, K., Popel, N., Norouzi, V., Liu, A., Liddy, A.M., Ghoari, B., Hawkes, C., Enriquez, C.A., Gladstone, D.J., Manosalva Alzate, H.A., Khosravani, H., Hopyan, J.J., Sivakumar, K., Son, M., Boulos, M.I., Hamind, M.A., Swartz, R.H., Murphy, R., Reiter, S., Fitzpatrick, T., Bhandari, V., Good, J., Penn, M., Naylor, M., Frost, S., Cayley, A., Akthar, F., Williams, J., Kalman, L., Crellin, L., Wiegner, R., Singh, R.S., Stewart, T., To, W., Singh, S., Pikula, A., Jaigobin, C., Carpani, F., Silver, F., Janssen, H., Schaafsma, J., del Campo, M., Alskaini, M., Rajendram, P., Fairall, P., Granfield, B., Crawford, D., Jabs, J., White, L., Sivakumar, L., Piquette, L., Nguyen, T., Nomani, A., Wagner, A., Alrohimi, A., Butt, A., D'Souza, A., Gajurel, B., Vekhande, C., Kamble, H., Kalashyan, H., Lloret, M., Benguzzi, M., Arsalan, N., Ishaque, N., Ashayeriahmadabad, R., Samiento, R., Hosseini, S., Kazi, S., Das, S., Sugumar, T., Selchen, D., Kostyrko, P., Muccilli, A., Saposnik, A.G., Vandervelde, C., Ratnayake, K., McMillan, S., Katsanos, A., Shoamanesh, A., Sahlas, D.J., Naidoo, V., Todorov, V., Toma, H., Brar, J., Lee, J., Horton, M., Shand, E., Weatherby, S., Jin, A., Durafourt, B., Jalini, S., Gardner, A., Tyson, C., Junk, E., Foster, K., Bolt, K., Sylvain, N., Maley, S., Urroz, L., Peeling, L., Kelly, M., Whelan, R., Cooley, R., Teitelbaum, J., Boutayeb, A., Moore, A., Cole, E., Waxman, L., Ben-Amor, N., Sanchez, R., Khalil, S., Nehme, A., Legault, C., Tampieri, D., Ehrensperger, E., Vieira, L., Cortes, M., Angle, M., Hannouche, M., Badawy, M., Werner, K., Wieszmuellner, S., Langer, A., Gisold, A., Zach, H., Rommer, P., Macher, S., Blechinger, S., Marik, W., Series, W., Baumgartinger, M., Krebs, S., Koski, J., Eirola, S., Ivanoff, T., Erakanto, A., Kupari, L., Sibolt, G., Panula, J., Tomppo, L., Tiainen, M., Ahlstrom, M., Martinez Majander, N., Suomalainen, O., Raty, S., Levi, C., Kerr, E., Allen, J., Kaauwai, L.P., Belevski, L., Russell, M., Ormond, S., Chew, A., Loiselle, A., Royan, A., Hughes, B., Garcia Esperon, C., Pepper, E., Miteff, F., He, J., Lycett, M., Min, M., Murray, N., Pavey, N., Starling de Barros, R., Gangadharan, S., Dunkerton, S., Waller, S., Canento Sanchez, T., Wellings, T., Edmonds, G., Whittaker, K.A., Ewing, M., Lee, P., Singkang, R., McDonald, A., Dos Santos, A., Shin, C., Jackson, D., Tsoleridis, J., Fisicchia, L., Parsons, N., Shenoy, N., Smith, S., Sharobeam, A., Balabanski, A., Park, A., Williams, C., Pavlin-Premri, D., Rodrigues, E., Alemseged, F., Ng, F., Zhao, H., Beharry, J., Ng, J.L., Williamson, J., Wong, J.Z.W., Li, K., Kwan, M.K., Valente, M., Yassi, N., Yogendrakumar, V., McNamara, B., Buchanan, C., McCarthy, C., Thomas, G., Stephens, K., Chung, M., Chung, M.F., Tang, M., Busch, T., Frost, T., Lee, R., Stuart, N., Pachani, N., Menon, A., Borojevic, B., Linton, C.M., Garcia, G., Callaly, E.P., Dewey, H., Liu, J., Chen, J., Wong, J., Nowak, K., To, K., Lizak, N.S., Bhalala, O., Park, P., Tan, P., Martins, R., Cody, R., Forbes, R., Chen, S.K., Ooi, S., Tu, S., Dang, Y.L., Ling, Z., Cranefield, J., Drew, R., Tan, A., Kurunawai, C., Harvey, J., Mahadevan, J.J., Cagi, L., Palanikumar, L., Chia, L.N., Goh, R., El-Masri, S., Urbi, B., Rapier, C., Berrill, H., McEvoy, H., Dunning, R., Kuriakose, S., Chad, T., Sapaen, V., Sabet, A., Shah, D., Yeow, D., Lilley, K., Ward, K., Mozhy Mahizhnan, M., Tan, M., Lynch, C., Coveney, S., Tobin, K., McCabe, J., Marnane, M., Murphy, S., Large, M., Moynihan, B., Boyle, K., Sanjuan, E., Sanchis, M., Boned, S., Pancorbo, O., Sala, V., Garcia, L., Garcia-Tornel, A., Juega, J., Pagola, J., Santana, K., Requena, M., Muchada, M., Olive, M., Lozano, P.J., Rubiera, M., Deck, M., Rodriguez, N., Gomez, B., Reyes Munoz, F.J., Gomez, A.S., Sanz, A.C., Garcia, E.C., Penacoba, G., Ramos, M.E., de Lera Alfonso, M., Feliu, A, Pardo, L., Ramirez, P., Murillo, A., Lopez Dominguez, D., Rodriguez, J., Terceno Izaga, M., Reina, M., Viturro, S.B., Bojaryn, U., Vera Monge, V.A., Silva Blas, Y., R Siew, R., Agustin, S J, Seet, C., Tianming, T., d'Emden, A., Murray, A., Welch, A., Hatherley, K., Day, N., Smith, W., MacRae, E., Mitchell, E.S., Mahmood, A., Elliot, J., Neilson, S., Biswas, V., Brown, C., Lewis, A., Ashton, A., Werring, D., Perry, R., Muhammad, R., Lee, Y.C., Black, A., Robinson, A., Williams, A., Banaras, A., Cahoy, C., Raingold, G., Marinescu, M., Atang, N., Bason, N., Francia, N., Obarey, S., Feerick, S., Joseph, J., Schulz, U., Irons, R., Benjamin, J., Quinn, L., Jhoots, M., Teal, R., Ford, G., Harston, G., Bains, H., Gbinigie, I., Mathieson, P., Sim, C.H., Hayter, E., Kennedy, K., Binnie, L., Priestley, N., Williams, R., Ghatala, R., Stratton, S., Blight, A., Zhang, L., Davies, A., Duffy, H., Roberts, J., Homer, J., Roberts, K., Dodd, K., Cawley, K., Martin, M., Leason, S., Cotgreave, S., Taylor, T., Nallasivan, A., Haider, S., Chakraborty, T., Webster, T., Gil, A., Martin, B., Joseph, B., Cabrera, C., Jose, D., Man, J., Aquino, J., Sebastian, S., Osterdahl, M., Kwan, M., Matthew, M., Ike, N., Bello, P., Wilding, P., Fuentes, R., Shah, R., Mashate, S., Patel, T., Nwanguma, U., Dave, V., Haber, A., Lee, A., O'Sullivan, A., Drumm, B., Dawson, A.C., Matar, T., Roberts, D., Taylor, E., Rounis, E., El-Masry, A., O'Hare, C., Kalladka, D., Jamil, S., Auger, S., Raha, O., Evans, M., Vonberg, F., Kalam, S., Ali Sheikh, A., Jenkins, I.H., George, J., Kwan, J., Blagojevic, J., Saeed, M., Haji-Coll, M., Tsuda, M., Sayed, M., Winterkron, N., Thanbirajah, N., Vittay, O., Karim, R., Smail, R.C., Gauhar, S., Elmamoun, S., Malani, S., Pralhad Kelavkar, S., Hiden, J., Ferdinand, P., Sanyal, R., Varquez, R., Smith, B., Okechukwu, C., Fox, E., Collins, E., Courtney, K., Tauro, S., Patterson, C., McShane, D., Roberts, G., McIImoyle, J., McGuire, K., Fearon, P., Gordon, P., Isaacs, K., Lucas, K., Smith, L., Dews, L., Bates, M., Lawrence, S., Heeley, S., Patel, V., Chin, Y.M., Sims, D., Littleton, E., Khaira, J., Nadar, K., Kieliszkowska, A., Sari, B., Domingos Belo, C., Smith, E., Manolo, E.Y., Aeron-Thomas, J., Doheny, M., Garcia Pardo, M., Recaman, M., Tibajia, M.C., Aissa, M., Mah, Y., Yu, T., Meenakshisundaram, S., Heller, S., Alsukhni, R., Williams, O., Farag, M., Benger, M., Engineer, A., Bayhonan, S., Conway, S., Bhalla, A., Nouvakis, D., Theochari, E., Boyle, F., Teo, J., King-Robson, J., Law, K.Y., Sztriha, L., McGovern, A., Day, D., Mitchell-Douglas, J., Francis, J., Iqbal, A., Punjabivaryani, P., Anonuevo Reyes, J., Anonuevo Reyes, M., Pauls, M., Buch, A., Hedstrom, A., Hutchinson, C., Kirkland, C., Newham, J., Wilkes, G., Fleming, L., Fleck, N., Franca, A., Chwal, B., Oldoni, C., Mantovani, G., Noll, G., Zanella, L., Soma, M., Secchi, T., Borelli, W., Rimoli, B.P., da Cunha Silva, G.H., Machado Galvao Mondin, L.A., Barbosa Cerantola, R., Imthon, A.K., Esaki, A.S., Camilo, M., Vincenzi, O.C., ds Cruz, R.R., Morillos, M.B., Riccioppa Rodrigues, G.G., Santos Ferreira, K., Pazini, A.M., Pena Pereira, M.A., de Albuquerque, A.L.A., Massote Fontanini, C.E., Matinez Rubio, C.F., dos Santos, D.T., Dias, F.A., Alves, F.F.A., Milani, C., Pegorer Santos, B., Winckler, F., De Souza, J.T., Bonome, L.A.M., Cury Silva, V.A., Teodoro, R.S., Modolo, G.P., Ferreira, N.C., Barbosa dos Santos, D.F., dos Santos Moreira, J.C., Cruz Guedes de Morais, A.B., Vieira, J., Mendes, G., de Queiroz, J.P., Coutts, Shelagh B, Ankolekar, Sandeep, Appireddy, Ramana, Arenillas, Juan F, Assis, Zarina, Bailey, Peter, Barber, Philip A, Bazan, Rodrigo, Buck, Brian H, Butcher, Ken S, Camden, Marie-Christine, Campbell, Bruce C V, Casaubon, Leanne K, Catanese, Luciana, Chatterjee, Kausik, Choi, Philip M C, Clarke, Brian, Dowlatshahi, Dar, Ferrari, Julia, Field, Thalia S, Ganesh, Aravind, Ghia, Darshan, Goyal, Mayank, Greisenegger, Stefan, Halse, Omid, Horn, Mackenzie, Hunter, Gary, Imoukhuede, Oje, Kelly, Peter J, Kennedy, James, Kleinig, Timothy J, Krishnan, Kailash, Lima, Fabricio, Mandzia, Jennifer L, Marko, Martha, Martins, Sheila O, Medvedev, George, Menon, Bijoy K, Mishra, Sachin M, Molina, Carlos, Moussaddy, Aimen, Muir, Keith W, Parsons, Mark W, Penn, Andrew M W, Pille, Arthur, Pontes-Neto, Octávio M, Roffe, Christine, Serena, Joaquin, Simister, Robert, Singh, Nishita, Spratt, Neil, Strbian, Daniel, Tham, Carol H, Wiggam, M Ivan, Williams, David J, Willmot, Mark R, Wu, Teddy, Yu, Amy Y X, Zachariah, George, Zafar, Atif, Zerna, Charlotte, and Hill, Michael D

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

10. Variation in blubber cortisol levels in a recovering humpback whale population inhabiting a rapidly changing environment

Author

Pallin, LJ, Botero-Acosta, N, Steel, D, Baker, CS, Casey, C, Costa, DP, Goldbogen, JA, Johnston, DW, Kellar, NM, Modest, M, Nichols, R, Roberts, D, Roberts, M, Savenko, O, and Friedlaender, AS

Subjects
Life on Land, Humans, Animals, Male, Female, Humpback Whale, Hydrocortisone, COVID-19, Antarctic Regions, Seasons
Abstract

Glucocorticoids are regularly used as biomarkers of relative health for individuals and populations. Around the Western Antarctic Peninsula (WAP), baleen whales have and continue to experience threats, including commercial harvest, prey limitations and habitat change driven by rapid warming, and increased human presence via ecotourism. Here, we measured demographic variation and differences across the foraging season in blubber cortisol levels of humpback whales (Megaptera novaeangliae) over two years around the WAP. Cortisol concentrations were determined from 305 biopsy samples of unique individuals. We found no significant difference in the cortisol concentration between male and female whales. However, we observed significant differences across demographic groups of females and a significant decrease in the population across the feeding season. We also assessed whether COVID-19-related reductions in tourism in 2021 along the WAP correlated with lower cortisol levels across the population. The decline in vessel presence in 2021 was associated with a significant decrease in humpback whale blubber cortisol concentrations at the population level. Our findings provide critical contextual data on how these hormones vary naturally in a population over time, show direct associations between cortisol levels and human presence, and will enable comparisons among species experiencing different levels of human disturbance.

Published
2022

11. Inductive Power Transfer Through Saltwater

Author

Wandinger, J. N., Roberts, D. M., Bobowski, J. S., and Johnson, T.

Subjects
Physics - Applied Physics
Abstract

We investigated inductive power transfer (IPT) through a rectangular slab of saltwater. Our inductively-coupled transmitters and receivers were made from loop-gap resonators (LGRs) having resonant frequencies near 100 MHz. Electric fields are confined within the narrow gaps of the LGRs making it possible to strongly suppress the power dissipation associated with electric fields in a conductive medium. Therefore, the power transfer efficiency in our system was limited by magnetic field dissipation in the conducting medium. We measured the power transfer efficiency as a function of both the conductivity of the water and the resonant frequency of the LGRs. We also present an equivalent circuit model that can be used to model IPT through a conductive medium. Finally, we show that using dividers to partition the saltwater volume provides another means of enhancing power transfer efficiency., Comment: 5 pages, 5 figures

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

12. Precision measurement of the ${\cal B}(\Upsilon(3S)\to\tau^+\tau^-)/{\cal B}(\Upsilon(3S)\to\mu^+\mu^-)$ ratio

Author

Lees, J. P., Poireau, V., Tisserand, V., Grauges, E., Palano, A., Eigen, G., Brown, D. N., Kolomensky, Yu. G., Fritsch, M., Koch, H., Schroeder, T., Cheaib, R., Hearty, C., Mattison, T. S., McKenna, J. A., So, R. Y., Blinov, V. E., Buzykaev, A. R., Druzhinin, V. P., Golubev, V. B., Kozyrev, E. A., Kravchenko, E. A., Onuchin, A. P., Serednyakov, S. I., Skovpen, Yu. I., Solodov, E. P., Todyshev, K. Yu., Lankford, A. J., Dey, B., Gary, J. W., Long, O., Eisner, A. M., Lockman, W. S., Vazquez, W. Panduro, Chao, D. S., Cheng, C. H., Echenard, B., Flood, K. T., Hitlin, D. G., Kim, J., Li, Y., Lin, D. X., Miyashita, T. S., Ongmongkolkul, P., Oyang, J., Porter, F. C., Röhrken, M., Huard, Z., Meadows, B. T., Pushpawela, B. G., Sokoloff, M. D., Sun, L., Smith, J. G., Wagner, S. R., Bernard, D., Verderi, M., Bettoni, D., Bozzi, C., Calabrese, R., Cibinetto, G., Fioravanti, E., Garzia, I., Luppi, E., Santoro, V., Calcaterra, A., de Sangro, R., Finocchiaro, G., Martellotti, S., Patteri, P., Peruzzi, I. M., Piccolo, M., Rotondo, M., Zallo, A., Passaggio, S., Patrignani, C., Shuve, B. J., Lacker, H. M., Bhuyan, B., Mallik, U., Chen, C., Cochran, J., Prell, S., Gritsan, A. V., Arnaud, N., Davier, M., Diberder, F. Le, Lutz, A. M., Wormser, G., Lange, D. J., Wright, D. M., Coleman, J. P., Gabathuler, E., Hutchcroft, D. E., Payne, D. J., Touramanis, C., Bevan, A. J., Di Lodovico, F., Sacco, R., Cowan, G., Banerjee, Sw., Davis, C. L., Denig, A. G., Gradl, W., Griessinger, K., Hafner, A., Schubert, K. R., Barlow, R. J., Lafferty, G. D., Cenci, R., Jawahery, A., Roberts, D. A., Cowan, R., Robertson, S. H., Seddon, R. M., Neri, N., Palombo, F., Cremaldi, L., Godang, R., Summers, D. J., Taras, P., De Nardo, G., Sciacca, C., Raven, G., Jessop, C. P., LoSecco, J. M., Honscheid, K., Kass, R., Gaz, A., Margoni, M., Posocco, M., Simi, G., Simonetto, F., Stroili, R., Akar, S., Ben-Haim, E., Bomben, M., Bonneaud, G. R., Calderini, G., Chauveau, J., Marchiori, G., Ocariz, J., Biasini, M., Manoni, E., Rossi, A., Batignani, G., Bettarini, S., Carpinelli, M., Casarosa, G., Chrzaszcz, M., Forti, F., Giorgi, M. A., Lusiani, A., Oberhof, B., Paoloni, E., Rama, M., Rizzo, G., Walsh, J. J., Zani, L., Smith, A. J. S., Anulli, F., Faccini, R., Ferrarotto, F., Ferroni, F., Pilloni, A., Piredda, G., Bünger, C., Dittrich, S., Grünberg, O., Heß, M., Leddig, T., Voß, C., Waldi, R., Adye, T., Wilson, F. F., Emery, S., Vasseur, G., Aston, D., Cartaro, C., Convery, M. R., Dorfan, J., Dunwoodie, W., Ebert, M., Field, R. C., Fulsom, B. G., Graham, M. T., Hast, C., Innes, W. R., Kim, P., Leith, D. W. G. S., Luitz, S., MacFarlane, D. B., Muller, D. R., Neal, H., Ratcliff, B. N., Roodman, A., Sullivan, M. K., Va'vra, J., Wisniewski, W. J., Purohit, M. V., Wilson, J. R., Randle-Conde, A., Sekula, S. J., Ahmed, H., Bellis, M., Burchat, P. R., Puccio, E. M. T., Alam, M. S., Ernst, J. A., Gorodeisky, R., Guttman, N., Peimer, D. R., Soffer, A., Spanier, S. M., Ritchie, J. L., Schwitters, R. F., Izen, J. M., Lou, X. C., Bianchi, F., De Mori, F., Filippi, A., Gamba, D., Lanceri, L., Vitale, L., Martinez-Vidal, F., Oyanguren, A., Albert, J., Beaulieu, A., Bernlochner, F. U., King, G. J., Kowalewski, R., Lueck, T., Nugent, I. M., Roney, J. M., Sibidanov, A., Sobie, R. J., Tasneem, N., Gershon, T. J., Harrison, P. F., Latham, T. E., Prepost, R., and Wu, S. L.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We report on a precision measurement of the ratio ${\cal R}_{\tau\mu}^{\Upsilon(3S)} = {\cal B}(\Upsilon(3S)\to\tau^+\tau^-)/{\cal B}(\Upsilon(3S)\to\mu^+\mu^-)$ using data collected with the BaBar detector at the SLAC PEP-II $e^+e^-$ collider. The measurement is based on a 28 fb$^{-1}$ data sample collected at a center-of-mass energy of 10.355 GeV corresponding to a sample of 122 million $\Upsilon(3S)$ mesons. The ratio is measured to be ${\cal R}_{\tau\mu}^{\Upsilon(3S)} = 0.966 \pm 0.008_\mathrm{stat} \pm 0.014_\mathrm{syst}$ and is in agreement with the Standard Model prediction of 0.9948 within 2 standard deviations. The uncertainty in ${\cal R}_{\tau\mu}^{\Upsilon(3S)}$ is almost an order of magnitude smaller than the only previous measurement., Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures, 3 tables

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

13. Search for lepton-flavor violating decays $D^{0}\rightarrow X^{0}e^{\pm}\mu^{\mp}$

Author

BaBar Collaboration, Lees, J. P., Poireau, V., Tisserand, V., Grauges, E., Palano, A., Eigen, G., Brown, D. N., Kolomensky, Yu. G., Fritsch, M., Koch, H., Schroeder, T., Cheaib, R., Hearty, C., Mattison, T. S., McKenna, J. A., So, R. Y., Blinov, V. E., Buzykaev, A. R., Druzhinin, V. P., Golubev, V. B., Kozyrev, E. A., Kravchenko, E. A., Onuchin, A. P., Serednyakov, S. I., Skovpen, Yu. I., Solodov, E. P., Todyshev, K. Yu., Lankford, A. J., Dey, B., Gary, J. W., Long, O., Eisner, A. M., Lockman, W. S., Panduro, W., Chao, D. S., Cheng, C. H., Echenard, B., Flood, K. T., Hitlin, D. G., Kim, J., Li, Y., Lin, D. X., Miyashita, T. S., Ongmongkolkul, P., Oyang, J., Porter, F. C., R, M., Huard, Z., Meadows, B. T., Pushpawela, B. G., Sokoloff, M. D., Sun, L., Smith, J. G., Wagner, S. R., Bernard, D., Verderi, M., Bettoni, D., Bozzi, C., Calabrese, R., Cibinetto, G., Fioravanti, E., Garzia, I., Luppi, E., Santoro, V., Calcaterra, A., de Sangro, R., Finocchiaro, G., Martellotti, S., Patteri, P., Peruzzi, I. M., Piccolo, M., Rotondo, M., Zallo, A., Passaggio, S., Patrignani, C., Shuve, B. J., Lacker, H. M., Bhuyan, B., Mallik, U., Chen, C., Cochran, J., Prell, S., Gritsan, A. V., Arnaud, N., Davier, M., Diberder, F. Le, Lutz, A. M., Wormser, G., Lange, D. J., Wright, D. M., Coleman, J. P., Gabathuler, E., Hutchcroft, D. E., Payne, D. J., Touramanis, C., Bevan, A. J., Di Lodovico, F., Sacco, R., Cowan, G., Banerjee, Sw., Davis, C. L., Denig, A. G., Gradl, W., Griessinger, K., Hafner, A., Schubert, K. R., Barlow, R. J., Lafferty, G. D., Cenci, R., Jawahery, A., Roberts, D. A., Cowan, R., Robertson, S. H., Seddon, R. M., Neri, N., Palombo, F., Cremaldi, L., Godang, R., Summers, D. J., Taras, P., De, G., Sciacca, C., Raven, G., Jessop, C. P., LoSecco, J. M., Honscheid, K., Kass, R., Gaz, A., Margoni, M., Posocco, M., Simi, G., Simonetto, F., Stroili, R., Akar, S., Ben, E., Bomben, M., Bonneaud, G. R., Calderini, G., Chauveau, J., Marchiori, G., Ocariz, J., Biasini, M., Manoni, E., Rossi, A., Batignani, G., Bettarini, S., Carpinelli, M., Casarosa, G., Chrzaszcz, M., Forti, F., Giorgi, M. A., Lusiani, A., Oberhof, B., Paoloni, E., Rama, M., Rizzo, G., Walsh, J. J., Zani, L., Smith, A. J. S., Anulli, F., Faccini, R., Ferrarotto, F., Ferroni, F., Pilloni, A., Piredda, G., B, C., Dittrich, S., Gr, O., He, M., Leddig, T., Vo, C., Waldi, R., Adye, T., Wilson, F. F., Emery, S., Vasseur, G., Aston, D., Cartaro, C., Convery, M. R., Dorfan, J., Dunwoodie, W., Ebert, M., Field, R. C., Fulsom, B. G., Graham, M. T., Hast, C., Innes, W. R., Kim, P., Leith, D. W. G. S., Luitz, S., MacFarlane, D. B., Muller, D. R., Neal, H., Ratcliff, B. N., Roodman, A., Sullivan, M. K., Va, J., Wisniewski, W. J., Purohit, M. V., Wilson, J. R., Randle, A., Sekula, S. J., Ahmed, H., Bellis, M., Burchat, P. R., Puccio, E. M. T., Alam, M. S., Ernst, J. A., Gorodeisky, R., Guttman, N., Peimer, D. R., Soffer, A., Spanier, S. M., Ritchie, J. L., Schwitters, R. F., Izen, J. M., Lou, X. C., Bianchi, F., De, F., Filippi, A., Gamba, D., Lanceri, L., Vitale, L., Martinez, F., Oyanguren, A., Albert, J., Beaulieu, A., Bernlochner, F. U., King, G. J., Kowalewski, R., Lueck, T., Nugent, I. M., Roney, J. M., Sobie, R. J., Tasneem, N., Gershon, T. J., Harrison, P. F., Latham, T. E., Prepost, R., and Wu, S. L.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We present a search for seven lepton-flavor-violating neutral charm decays of the type $D^{0}\rightarrow X^{0} e^{\pm} \mu^{\mp}$, where $X^{0}$ represents a $\pi^{0}$, $K^{0}_{\rm S}$, $\bar{K^{*0}}$, $\rho^{0}$, $\phi$, $\omega$, or $\eta$ meson. The analysis is based on $468$ fb$^{-1}$ of $e^+e^-$ annihilation data collected at or close to the $\Upsilon(4S)$ resonance with the BaBar detector at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. No significant signals are observed, and we establish 90\% confidence level upper limits on the branching fractions in the range $(5.0 - 22.5)\times 10^{-7}$. The limits are between one and two orders of magnitude more stringent than previous measurements., Comment: 12 pages, 2 figures, to be submitted to Physical Review D. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1905.00608

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

14. Measures of Scale Dependent Alfv\'enicity in the First PSP Solar Encounter

Author

Parashar, T. N., Goldstein, M. L., Maruca, B. A., Matthaeus, W. H., Ruffolo, D., Bandyopadhyay, R., Chhiber, R., Chasapis, A., Qudsi, R., Vech, D., Roberts, D. A., Bale, S. D., Bonnell, J. W., de Wit, T. Dudok, Goetz, K., Harvey, P. R., MacDowall, R. J., Malaspina, D., Pulupa, M., Kasper, J. C., Korreck, K. E., Case, A. W., Stevens, M., Whittlesey, P., Larson, D., Livi, R., Velli, M., and Raouafi, N.

Subjects
Physics - Space Physics, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Physics - Plasma Physics
Abstract

The solar wind shows periods of highly Alfv\'enic activity, where velocity fluctuations and magnetic fluctuations are aligned or anti-aligned with each other. It is generally agreed that solar wind plasma velocity and magnetic field fluctuations observed by Parker Solar Probe (PSP) during the first encounter are mostly highly Alfv\'enic. However, quantitative measures of Alfv\'enicity are needed to understand how the characterization of these fluctuations compares with standard measures from prior missions in the inner and outer heliosphere, in fast wind and slow wind, and at high and low latitudes. To investigate this issue, we employ several measures to quantify the extent of Alfv\'enicity -- the Alfv\'en ratio $r_A$, {normalized} cross helicity $\sigma_c$, {normalized} residual energy $\sigma_r$, and the cosine of angle between velocity and magnetic fluctuations $\cos\theta_{vb}$. We show that despite the overall impression that the Alfv\'enicity is large in the solar wind sampled by PSP during the first encounter, during some intervals the cross helicity starts decreasing at very large scales. These length-scales (often $> 1000 d_i$) are well inside inertial range, and therefore, the suppression of cross helicity at these scales cannot be attributed to kinetic physics. This drop at large scales could potentially be explained by large-scale shears present in the inner heliosphere sampled by PSP. In some cases, despite the cross helicity being constant down to the noise floor, the residual energy decreases with scale in the inertial range. These results suggest that it is important to consider all these measures to quantify Alfv\'enicity., Comment: Submitted to special issue of ApJ for Parker Solar Probe

Published
2019

16. NASA's surface biology and geology designated observable: A perspective on surface imaging algorithms

Author

Cawse-Nicholson, K, Townsend, PA, Schimel, D, Assiri, AM, Blake, PL, Buongiorno, MF, Campbell, P, Carmon, N, Casey, KA, Correa-Pabón, RE, Dahlin, KM, Dashti, H, Dennison, PE, Dierssen, H, Erickson, A, Fisher, JB, Frouin, R, Gatebe, CK, Gholizadeh, H, Gierach, M, Glenn, NF, Goodman, JA, Griffith, DM, Guild, L, Hakkenberg, CR, Hochberg, EJ, Holmes, TRH, Hu, C, Hulley, G, Huemmrich, KF, Kudela, RM, Kokaly, RF, Lee, CM, Martin, R, Miller, CE, Moses, WJ, Muller-Karger, FE, Ortiz, JD, Otis, DB, Pahlevan, N, Painter, TH, Pavlick, R, Poulter, B, Qi, Y, Realmuto, VJ, Roberts, D, Schaepman, ME, Schneider, FD, Schwandner, FM, Serbin, SP, Shiklomanov, AN, Stavros, EN, Thompson, DR, Torres-Perez, JL, Turpie, KR, Tzortziou, M, Ustin, S, Yu, Q, Yusup, Y, and Zhang, Q

Subjects
Geological & Geomatics Engineering, Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience, Geomatic Engineering
Abstract

The 2017–2027 National Academies' Decadal Survey, Thriving on Our Changing Planet, recommended Surface Biology and Geology (SBG) as a “Designated Targeted Observable” (DO). The SBG DO is based on the need for capabilities to acquire global, high spatial resolution, visible to shortwave infrared (VSWIR; 380–2500 nm; ~30 m pixel resolution) hyperspectral (imaging spectroscopy) and multispectral midwave and thermal infrared (MWIR: 3–5 μm; TIR: 8–12 μm; ~60 m pixel resolution) measurements with sub-monthly temporal revisits over terrestrial, freshwater, and coastal marine habitats. To address the various mission design needs, an SBG Algorithms Working Group of multidisciplinary researchers has been formed to review and evaluate the algorithms applicable to the SBG DO across a wide range of Earth science disciplines, including terrestrial and aquatic ecology, atmospheric science, geology, and hydrology. Here, we summarize current state-of-the-practice VSWIR and TIR algorithms that use airborne or orbital spectral imaging observations to address the SBG DO priorities identified by the Decadal Survey: (i) terrestrial vegetation physiology, functional traits, and health; (ii) inland and coastal aquatic ecosystems physiology, functional traits, and health; (iii) snow and ice accumulation, melting, and albedo; (iv) active surface composition (eruptions, landslides, evolving landscapes, hazard risks); (v) effects of changing land use on surface energy, water, momentum, and carbon fluxes; and (vi) managing agriculture, natural habitats, water use/quality, and urban development. We review existing algorithms in the following categories: snow/ice, aquatic environments, geology, and terrestrial vegetation, and summarize the community-state-of-practice in each category. This effort synthesizes the findings of more than 130 scientists.

Published
2021

17. Measurements of the Absolute Branching Fractions of $B^\pm \to K^\pm X_{c\bar c}$

Author

Lees, J. P., Poireau, V., Tisserand, V., Grauges, E., Palano, A., Eigen, G., Brown, D. N., Kolomensky, Yu. G., Fritsch, M., Koch, H., Schroeder, T., Cheaib, R., Hearty, C., Mattison, T. S., McKenna, J. A., So, R. Y., Blinov, V. E., Buzykaev, A. R., Druzhinin, V. P., Golubev, V. B., Kozyrev, E. A., Kravchenko, E. A., Onuchin, A. P., Serednyakov, S. I., Skovpen, Yu. I., Solodov, E. P., Todyshev, K. Yu., Lankfordm, A. J., Dey, B., Gary, J. W., Long, O., Eisner, A. M., Lockman, W. S., Vazquez, W. Panduro, Chao, D. S., Cheng, C. H., Echenard, B., Flood, K. T., Hitlin, D. G., Kim, J., Li, Y., Miyashita, T. S., Ongmongkolkul, P., Porter, F. C., Rohrken, M., Huard, Z., Meadows, B. T., Pushpawela, B. G., Sokoloff, M. D., Sun, L., Smith, J. G., Wagner, S. R., Bernard, D., Verderi, M., Bettoni, D., Bozzi, C., Calabrese, R., Cibinetto, G., Fioravanti, E., Garzia, I., Luppi, E., Santoro, V., Calcaterra, A., de Sangro, R., Finocchiaro, G., Martellotti, S., Patteri, P., Peruzzi, I. M., Piccolo, M., Rotondo, M., Zallo, A., Passaggio, S., Patrignani, C., Lacker, H. M., Bhuyan, B., Mallik, U., Chen, C., Cochran, J., Prell, S., Gritsan, A. V., Arnaud, N., Davier, M., Diberder, F. Le, Lutz, A. M., Wormser, G., Lange, D. J., Wright, D. M., Coleman, J. P., Hutchcroft, D. E., Payne, D. J., Touramanis, C., Bevan, A. J., Di Lodovico, F., Sacco, R., Cowan, G., Banerjee, Sw., Davis, C. L., Denig, A. G., Gradl, W., Griessinger, K., Hafner, A., Schubert, K. R., Barlow, R. J., Lafferty, G. D., Cenci, R., Jawahery, A., Roberts, D. A., Cowan, R., Robertson, S. H., Seddon, R. M., Neri, N., Palombo, F., Cremaldi, L., Godang, R., Summers, D. J., Taras, P., De Nardo, G., Sciacca, C., Raven, G., Jessop, C. P., LoSecco, J. M., Honscheid, K., Kass, R., Gaz, A., Margoni, M., Posocco, M., Simi, G., Simonetto, F., Stroili, R., Akar, S., Ben-Haim, E., Bomben, M., Bonneaud, G. R., Calderini, G., Chauveau, J., Marchiori, G., Ocariz, J., Biasini, M., Manoni, E., Rossi, A., Batignani, G., Bettarini, S., Carpinelli, M., Casarosa, G., Chrzaszcz, M., Forti, F., Giorgi, M. A., Lusiani, A., Oberhof, B., Paoloni, E., Rama, M., Rizzo, G., Walsh, J. J., Zani, L., Smith, A. J. S., Anulli, F., Faccini, R., Ferrarotto, F., Ferroni, F., Pilloni, A., Piredda, G., Bunger, C., Dittrich, S., Grunberg, O., Hess, M., Leddig, T., Voß, C., Waldi, R., Adye, T., Wilson, F. F., Emery, S., Vasseur, G., Aston, D., Cartaro, C., Convery, M. R., Dorfan, J., Dunwoodie, W., Ebert, M., Field, R. C., Fulsom, B. G., Graham, M. T., Hast, C., Innes, W. R., Kim, P., Leith, D. W. G. S., Luitz, S., MacFarlane, D. B., Muller, D. R., Neal, H., Ratcliff, B. N., Roodman, A., Sullivan, M. K., Va'vra, J., Wisniewski, W. J., Purohit, M. V., Wilson, J. R., Randle-Conde, A., Sekula, S. J., Ahmed, H., Bellis, M., Burchat, P. R., Puccio, E. M. T., Alam, M. S., Ernst, J. A., Gorodeisky, R., Guttman, N., Peimer, D. R., Soffer, A., Spanier, S. M., Ritchie, J. L., Schwitters, R. F., Izen, J. M., Lou, X. C., Bianchi, F., De Mori, F., Filippi, A., Gamba, D., Lanceri, L., Vitale, L., Martinez-Vidal, F., Oyanguren, A., Albert, J., Beaulieu, A., Bernlochner, F. U., King, G. J., Kowalewski, R., Nugent, I. M., Roney, J. M., Sobie, R. J., Tasneem, N., Gershon, T. J., Harrison, P. F., Latham, T. E., Prepost, R., and Wu, S. L.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

A study of the two body decays $B^\pm\rightarrow X_{c\bar c}K^\pm$, where X$_{c\bar c}$ refers to one charmonium state, is reported by BaBar collaboration using a data sample of 424 fb$^{-1}$. The absolute determination of branching fractions for these decays are significantly improved compared to previous BaBaR measurements. Evidence is found for the decay $B^+\rightarrow X(3872)K^+$ at the $3\sigma$ level. The absolute branching fraction ${\cal B}(B^+\rightarrow X(3872)K^+) = (2.1\pm0.6({\rm stat})\pm0.3({\rm syst}))\times 10^{-4}$ is measured for the first time. It follows that ${\cal B}(X(3872)\rightarrow J/\psi\pi^+\pi^-)=(4.1\pm1.3)\%$, supporting the hypothesis of a molecular component for this resonance., Comment: 8 pages 6 figures

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

18. Search for $B^- \to \Lambda \bar p \nu \bar\nu$ with the BABAR experiment

Author

The BABAR Collaboration, Lees, J. P., Poireau, V., Tisserand, V., Grauges, E., Palano, A., Eigen, G., Brown, D. N., Kolomensky, Yu. G., Fritsch, M., Koch, H., Schroeder, T., Cheaib, R., Hearty, C., Mattison, T. S., McKenna, J. A., So, R. Y., Blinov, V. E., Buzykaev, A. R., Druzhinin, V. P., Golubev, V. B., Kozyrev, E. A., Kravchenko, E. A., Onuchin, A. P., Serednyakov, S. I., Skovpen, Yu. I., Solodov, E. P., Todyshev, K. Yu., Lankford, A. J., Dey, B., Gary, J. W., Long, O., Eisner, A. M., Lockman, W. S., Vazquez, W. Panduro, Chao, D. S., Cheng, C. H., Echenard, B., Flood, K. T., Hitlin, D. G., Kim, J., Li, Y., Miyashita, T. S., Ongmongkolkul, P., Porter, F. C., Röhrken, M., Huard, Z., Meadows, B. T., Pushpawela, B. G., Sokoloff, M. D., Sun, L., Smith, J. G., Wagner, S. R., Bernard, D., Verderi, M., Bettoni, D., Bozzi, C., Calabrese, R., Cibinetto, G., Fioravanti, E., Garzia, I., Luppi, E., Santoro, V., Calcaterra, A., de Sangro, R., Finocchiaro, G., Martellotti, S., Patteri, P., Peruzzi, I. M., Piccolo, M., Rotondo, M., Zallo, A., Passaggio, S., Patrignani, C., Lacker, H. M., Bhuyan, B., Mallik, U., Chen, C., Cochran, J., Prell, S., Gritsan, A. V., Arnaud, N., Davier, M., Diberder, F. Le, Lutz, A. M., Wormser, G., Lange, D. J., Wright, D. M., Coleman, J. P., Gabathuler, E., Hutchcroft, D. E., Payne, D. J., Touramanis, C., Bevan, A. J., Di Lodovico, F., Sacco, R., Cowan, G., Banerjee, Sw., Davis, C. L., Denig, A. G., Gradl, W., Griessinger, K., Hafner, A., Schubert, K. R., Barlow, R. J., Lafferty, G. D., Cenci, R., Jawahery, A., Roberts, D. A., Cowan, R., Robertson, S. H., Seddon, R. M., Neri, N., Palombo, F., Cremaldi, L., Godang, R., Summers, D. J., Taras, P., De Nardo, G., Sciacca, C., Raven, G., Jessop, C. P., LoSecco, J. M., Honscheid, K., Kass, R., Gaz, A., Margoni, M., Posocco, M., Simi, G., Simonetto, F., Stroili, R., Akar, S., Ben-Haim, E., Bomben, M., Bonneaud, G. R., Calderini, G., Chauveau, J., Marchiori, G., Ocariz, J., Biasini, M., Manoni, E., Rossi, A., Batignani, G., Bettarini, S., Carpinelli, M., Casarosa, G., Chrzaszcz, M., Forti, F., Giorgi, M. A., Lusiani, A., Oberhof, B., Paoloni, E., Rama, M., Rizzo, G., Walsh, J. J., Zani, L., Smith, A. J. S., Anulli, F., Faccini, R., Ferrarotto, F., Ferroni, F., Pilloni, A., Piredda, G., Bünger, C., Dittrich, S., Grünberg, O., Heß, M., Leddig, T., Voß, C., Waldi, R., Adye, T., Wilson, F. F., Emery, S., Vasseur, G., Aston, D., Cartaro, C., Convery, M. R., Dorfan, J., Dunwoodie, W., Ebert, M., Field, R. C., Fulsom, B. G., Graham, M. T., Hast, C., Innes, W. R., Kim, P., Leith, D. W. G. S., Luitz, S., MacFarlane, D. B., Muller, D. R., Neal, H., Ratcliff, B. N., Roodman, A., Sullivan, M. K., Va'vra, J., Wisniewski, W. J., Purohit, M. V., Wilson, J. R., Randle-Conde, A., Sekula, S. J., Ahmed, H., Bellis, M., Burchat, P. R., Puccio, E. M. T., Alam, M. S., Ernst, J. A., Gorodeisky, R., Guttman, N., Peimer, D. R., Soffer, A., Spanier, S. M., Ritchie, J. L., Schwitters, R. F., Izen, J. M., Lou, X. C., Bianchi, F., De Mori, F., Filippi, A., Gamba, D., Lanceri, L., Vitale, L., Martinez-Vidal, F., Oyanguren, A., Albert, J., Beaulieu, A., Bernlochner, F. U., King, G. J., Kowalewski, R., Lueck, T., Nugent, I. M., Roney, J. M., Sobie, R. J., Tasneem, N., Gershon, T. J., Harrison, P. F., Latham, T. E., Prepost, R., and Wu, S. L.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We search for the rare flavor-changing neutral current process $B^- \to \Lambda {\overline p} \nu{\overline{\nu}}$ using data from the BABAR experiment. A total of 424 fb$^{-1}$ of $e^+e^-$ collision data collected at the center-of-mass energy of the $\Upsilon$(4S) resonance is used in this study, corresponding to a sample of ${(471 \pm 3) \times 10^{6}}$ $B\overline{B}$ pairs. Signal $B^- \to \Lambda {\overline p} \nu{\overline{\nu}}$ candidates are identified by first fully reconstructing a $B^+$ decay in one of many possible exclusive decays to hadronic final states, then examining detector activity that is not associated with this reconstructed $B^+$ decay for evidence of a signal $B^- \to \Lambda {\overline p} \nu{\overline{\nu}}$ decay. The data yield is found to be consistent with the expected background contribution under a null signal hypothesis, resulting in an upper limit of ${{\cal B} (B^- \to \Lambda {\overline p} \nu{\overline{\nu}}) < 3.0\times 10^{-5}}$ at the $90\%$ confidence level., Comment: 10 pages, 7 figures

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

19. Search for rare or forbidden decays of the $D^{0}$ meson

Author

Lees, J. P., Poireau, V., Tisserand, V., Grauges, E., Palano, A., Eigen, G., Brown, D. N., Kolomensky, Yu. G., Fritsch, M., Koch, H., Schroeder, T., Cheaib, R., Hearty, C., Mattison, T. S., McKenna, J. A., So, R. Y., Blinov, V. E., Buzykaev, A. R., Druzhinin, V. P., Golubev, V. B., Kozyrev, E. A., Kravchenko, E. A., Onuchin, A. P., Serednyakov, S. I., Skovpen, Yu. I., Solodov, E. P., Todyshev, K. Yu., Lankford, A. J., Dey, B., Gary, J. W., Long, O., Eisner, A. M., Lockman, W. S., Vazquez, W. Panduro, Chao, D. S., Cheng, C. H., Echenard, B., Flood, K. T., Hitlin, D. G., Kim, J., Li, Y., Miyashita, T. S., Ongmongkolkul, P., Porter, F. C., Röhrken, M., Huard, Z., Meadows, B. T., Pushpawela, B. G., Sokoloff, M. D., Sun, L., Smith, J. G., Wagner, S. R., Bernard, D., Verderi, M., Bettoni, D., Bozzi, C., Calabrese, R., Cibinetto, G., Fioravanti, E., Garzia, I., Luppi, E., Santoro, V., Calcaterra, A., de Sangro, R., Finocchiaro, G., Martellotti, S., Patteri, P., Peruzzi, I. M., Piccolo, M., Rotondo, M., Zallo, A., Passaggio, S., Patrignani, C., Lacker, H. M., Bhuyan, B., Mallik, U., Chen, C., Cochran, J., Prell, S., Gritsan, A. V., Arnaud, N., Davier, M., Diberder, F. Le, Lutz, A. M., Wormser, G., Lange, D. J., Wright, D. M., Coleman, J. P., Gabathuler, E., Hutchcroft, D. E., Payne, D. J., Touramanis, C., Bevan, A. J., Di Lodovico, F., Sacco, R., Cowan, G., Banerjee, Sw., Davis, C. L., Denig, A. G., Gradl, W., Griessinger, K., Hafner, A., Schubert, K. R., Barlow, R. J., Lafferty, G. D., Cenci, R., Jawahery, A., Roberts, D. A., Cowan, R., Robertson, S. H., Seddon, R. M., Neri, N., Palombo, F., Cremaldi, L., Godang, R., Summers, D. J., Taras, P., De Nardo, G., Sciacca, C., Raven, G., Jessop, C. P., LoSecco, J. M., Honscheid, K., Kass, R., Gaz, A., Margoni, M., Posocco, M., Simi, G., Simonetto, F., Stroili, R., Akar, S., Ben-Haim, E., Bomben, M., Bonneaud, G. R., Calderini, G., Chauveau, J., Marchiori, G., Ocariz, J., Biasini, M., Manoni, E., Rossi, A., Batignani, G., Bettarini, S., Carpinelli, M., Casarosa, G., Chrzaszcz, M., Forti, F., Giorgi, M. A., Lusiani, A., Oberhof, B., Paoloni, E., Rama, M., Rizzo, G., Walsh, J. J., Zani, L., Smith, A. J. S., Anulli, F., Faccini, R., Ferrarotto, F., Ferroni, F., Pilloni, A., Piredda, G., Bünger, C., Dittrich, S., Grünberg, O., Heß, M., Leddig, T., Voß, C., Waldi, R., Adye, T., Wilson, F. F., Emery, S., Vasseur, G., Aston, D., Cartaro, C., Convery, M. R., Dorfan, J., Dunwoodie, W., Ebert, M., Field, R. C., Fulsom, B. G., Graham, M. T., Hast, C., Innes, W. R., Kim, P., Leith, D. W. G. S., Luitz, S., MacFarlane, D. B., Muller, D. R., Neal, H., Ratcliff, B. N., Roodman, A., Sullivan, M. K., Va'vra, J., Wisniewski, W. J., Purohit, M. V., Wilson, J. R., Randle-Conde, A., Sekula, S. J., Ahmed, H., Bellis, M., Burchat, P. R., Puccio, E. M. T., Alam, M. S., Ernst, J. A., Gorodeisky, R., Guttman, N., Peimer, D. R., Soffer, A., Spanier, S. M., Ritchie, J. L., Schwitters, R. F., Izen, J. M., Lou, X. C., Bianchi, F., De Mori, F., Filippi, A., Gamba, D., Lanceri, L., Vitale, L., Martinez-Vidal, F., Oyanguren, A., Albert, J., Beaulieu, A., Bernlochner, F. U., King, G. J., Kowalewski, R., Lueck, T., Nugent, I. M., Roney, J. M., Sobie, R. J., Tasneem, N., Gershon, T. J., Harrison, P. F., Latham, T. E., Prepost, R., and Wu, S. L.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We present a search for nine lepton-number-violating and three lepton-flavor-violating neutral charm decays of the type $D^0\rightarrow h^{\prime -} h^{-}\ell^{\prime +} \ell^{+}$ and $D^0\rightarrow h^{\prime -} h^{+}\ell^{\prime\pm} \ell^{\mp}$, where $h$ and $h^{\prime}$ represent a $K$ or $\pi$ meson and $\ell$ and $\ell^{\prime}$ an electron or muon. The analysis is based on $468$ fb$^{-1}$ of $e^+e^-$ annihilation data collected at or close to the $Y(4S)$ resonance with the BaBar detector at the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory. No significant signal is observed for any of the twelve modes and we establish 90% confidence level upper limits on the branching fractions in the range $(1.0 - 30.6)\times 10^{-7}$. The limits are between one and three orders of magnitude times more stringent than previous measurements., Comment: 8 pages, 2 figures

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

20. Full orbital solution for the binary system in the northern Galactic disc microlensing event Gaia16aye

Author

Wyrzykowski, Łukasz, Mróz, P., Rybicki, K. A., Gromadzki, M., Kołaczkowski, Z., Zieliński, M., Zieliński, P., Britavskiy, N., Gomboc, A., Sokolovsky, K., Hodgkin, S. T., Abe, L., Aldi, G. F., AlMannaei, A., Altavilla, G., Qasim, A. Al, Anupama, G. C., Awiphan, S., Bachelet, E., Bakıs, V., Baker, S., Bartlett, S., Bendjoya, P., Benson, K., Bikmaev, I. F., Birenbaum, G., Blagorodnova, N., Blanco-Cuaresma, S., Boeva, S., Bonanos, A. Z., Bozza, V., Bramich, D. M., Bruni, I., Burenin, R. A., Burgaz, U., Butterley, T., Caines, H. E., Caton, D. B., Novati, S. Calchi, Carrasco, J. M., Cassan, A., Cepas, V., Cropper, M., Chruślińska, M., Clementini, G., Clerici, A., Conti, D., Conti, M., Cross, S., Cusano, F., Damljanovic, G., Dapergolas, A., D'Ago, G., de Bruijne, J. H. J., Dennefeld, M., Dhillon, V. S., Dominik, M., Dziedzic, J., Ereceantalya, O., Eselevich, M. V., Esenoglu, H., Eyer, L., Jaimes, R. Figuera, Fossey, S. J., Galeev, A. I., Grebenev, S. A., Gupta, A. C., Gutaev, A. G., Hallakoun, N., Hamanowicz, A., Han, C., Handzlik, B., Haislip, J. B., Hanlon, L., Hardy, L. K., Harrison, D. L., van Heerden, H. J., Hoette, V. L., Horne, K., Hudec, R., Hundertmark, M., Ihanec, N., Irtuganov, E. N., Itoh, R., Iwanek, P., Jovanovic, M. D., Janulis, R., Jelínek, M., Jensen, E., Kaczmarek, Z., Katz, D., Khamitov, I. M., Kilic, Y., Klencki, J., Kolb, U., Kopacki, G., Kouprianov, V. V., Kruszyńska, K., Kurowski, S., Latev, G., Lee, C-H., Leonini, S., Leto, G., Lewis, F., Li, Z., Liakos, A., Littlefair, S. P., Lu, J., Manser, C. J., Mao, S., Maoz, D., Martin-Carrillo, A., Marais, J. P., Maskoliūnas, M., Maund, J. R., Meintjes, P. J., Melnikov, S. S., Ment, K., Mikołajczyk, P., Morrell, M., Mowlavi, N., Moździerski, D., Murphy, D., Nazarov, S., Netzel, H., Nesci, R., Ngeow, C. -C., Norton, A. J., Ofek, E. O., Pakstienė, E., Palaversa, L., Pandey, A., Paraskeva, E., Pawlak, M., Penny, M. T., Penprase, B. E., Piascik, A., Prieto, J. L., Qvam, J. K. T., Ranc, C., Rebassa-Mansergas, A., Reichart, D. E., Reig, P., Rhodes, L., Rivet, J. -P., Rixon, G., Roberts, D., Rosi, P., Russell, D. M., Sanchez, R. Zanmar, Scarpetta, G., Seabroke, G., Shappee, B. J., Schmidt, R., Shvartzvald, Y., Sitek, M., Skowron, J., Śniegowska, M., Snodgrass, C., Soares, P. S., van Soelen, B., Spetsieri, Z. T., Stankeviciūtė, A., Steele, I. A., Street, R. A., Strobl, J., Strubble, E., Szegedi, H., Ramirez, L. M. Tinjaca, Tomasella, L., Tsapras, Y., Vernet, D., Villanueva Jr., S., Vince, O., Wambsganss, J., van der Westhuizen, I. P., Wiersema, K., Wium, D., Wilson, R. W., Yoldas, A., Zhuchkov, R. Ya., Zhukov, D. G., Zdanavicius, J., Zoła, S., and Zubareva, A.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

Gaia16aye was a binary microlensing event discovered in the direction towards the northern Galactic disc and was one of the first microlensing events detected and alerted to by the Gaia space mission. Its light curve exhibited five distinct brightening episodes, reaching up to I=12 mag, and it was covered in great detail with almost 25,000 data points gathered by a network of telescopes. We present the photometric and spectroscopic follow-up covering 500 days of the event evolution. We employed a full Keplerian binary orbit microlensing model combined with the motion of Earth and Gaia around the Sun to reproduce the complex light curve. The photometric data allowed us to solve the microlensing event entirely and to derive the complete and unique set of orbital parameters of the binary lensing system. We also report on the detection of the first-ever microlensing space-parallax between the Earth and Gaia located at L2. The properties of the binary system were derived from microlensing parameters, and we found that the system is composed of two main-sequence stars with masses 0.57$\pm$0.05 $M_\odot$ and 0.36$\pm$0.03 $M_\odot$ at 780 pc, with an orbital period of 2.88 years and an eccentricity of 0.30. We also predict the astrometric microlensing signal for this binary lens as it will be seen by Gaia as well as the radial velocity curve for the binary system. Events such as Gaia16aye indicate the potential for the microlensing method of probing the mass function of dark objects, including black holes, in directions other than that of the Galactic bulge. This case also emphasises the importance of long-term time-domain coordinated observations that can be made with a network of heterogeneous telescopes., Comment: accepted for publication in A&A, 24 pages, 10 figures, tables with the data will be available electronically

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

23. Coronavirus disease 2019 subphenotypes and differential treatment response to convalescent plasma in critically ill adults: secondary analyses of a randomized clinical trial

Author

Fish, M., Rynne, J., Jennings, A., Lam, C., Lamikanra, A. A., Ratcliff, J., Cellone-Trevelin, S., Timms, E., Jiriha, J., Tosi, I., Pramanik, R., Simmonds, P., Seth, S., Williams, J., Gordon, A. C., Knight, J., Smith, D. J., Whalley, J., Harrison, D., Rowan, K., Harvala, H., Klenerman, P., Estcourt, L., Menon, D. K., Roberts, D., and Shankar-Hari, M.

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

25. Contributors

Author

Ares, G., primary, Ballay, S., additional, Bellissimo, N., additional, Blumenthal, D., additional, Cadoret, M., additional, Courcoux, P., additional, Dehlholm, C., additional, Delarue, Julien, additional, Demonteil, L., additional, Faye, P., additional, Findlay, C.J., additional, Frøst, M.B., additional, Gazano, G., additional, Gere, A., additional, Giacalone, D., additional, Hamilton, L.M., additional, Harizi, A., additional, Hayes, J.E., additional, Herbeth, N., additional, Jaeger, S.R., additional, Lahne, J., additional, Lawlor, J.B., additional, Loescher, E., additional, Lê, S., additional, Lê, T.M., additional, Maitre, I., additional, Meiselman, H.L., additional, Moskowitz, H., additional, Nicklaus, S., additional, Petit, C., additional, Pineau, N., additional, Piqueras-Fiszman, B., additional, Punter, P.H., additional, Qannari, E.M., additional, Rasmussen, K.K., additional, Roberts, D., additional, Rogeaux, M., additional, Schlich, P., additional, Stone, H., additional, Sulmont-Rossé, C., additional, Symoneaux, R., additional, Teillet, E., additional, Thomas, A., additional, Thomson, D.M.H., additional, Veinand, B., additional, Worch, T., additional, and van Bommel, R., additional

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

27. Measurement of $\cos{2\beta}$ in $B^{0} \to D^{(*)} h^{0}$ with $D \to K_{S}^{0} \pi^{+} \pi^{-}$ decays by a combined time-dependent Dalitz plot analysis of BaBar and Belle data

Author

BaBar, The, Collaborations, Belle, Adachi, I., Adye, T., Ahmed, H., Ahn, J. K., Aihara, H., Akar, S., Alam, M. S., Albert, J., Anulli, F., Arnaud, N., Asner, D. M., Aston, D., Atmacan, H., Aushev, T., Ayad, R., Badhrees, I., Bakich, A. M., Banerjee, Sw., Bansal, V., Barlow, R. J., Batignani, G., Beaulieu, A., Behera, P., Bellis, M., Ben-Haim, E., Bernard, D., Bernlochner, F. U., Bettarini, S., Bettoni, D., Bevan, A. J., Bhardwaj, V., Bhuyan, B., Bianchi, F., Biasini, M., Biswal, J., Blinov, V. E., Bomben, M., Bondar, A., Bonneaud, G. R., Bozek, A., Bozzi, C., Bračko, M., Browder, T. E., Brown, D. N., Bünger, C., Burchat, P. R., Buzykaev, A. R., Calabrese, R., Calcaterra, A., Calderini, G., Di Carlo, S., Carpinelli, M., Cartaro, C., Casarosa, G., Cenci, R., Chao, D. S., Chauveau, J., Cheaib, R., Chen, A., Chen, C., Cheng, C. H., Cheon, B. G., Chilikin, K., Cho, K., Choi, Y., Choudhury, S., Chrzaszcz, M., Cibinetto, G., Cinabro, D., Cochran, J., Coleman, J. P., Convery, M. R., Cowan, G., Cowan, R., Cremaldi, L., Cunliffe, S., Dash, N., Davier, M., Davis, C. L., De Mori, F., De Nardo, G., Denig, A. G., de Sangro, R., Dey, B., Di Lodovico, F., Dittrich, S., Doležal, Z., Dorfan, J., Drásal, Z., Druzhinin, V. P., Dunwoodie, W., Ebert, M., Echenard, B., Eidelman, S., Eigen, G., Eisner, A. M., Emery, S., Epifanov, D., Ernst, J. A., Faccini, R., Fast, J. E., Feindt, M., Ferrarotto, F., Ferroni, F., Field, R. C., Filippi, A., Finocchiaro, G., Fioravanti, E., Flood, K. T., Forti, F., Fritsch, M., Fulsom, B. G., Gabathuler, E., Gamba, D., Garg, R., Garmash, A., Gary, J. W., Garzia, I., Gaur, V., Gaz, A., Gelb, M., Gershon, T. J., Gioi, L. Li, Giorgi, M. A., Giri, A., Godang, R., Goldenzweig, P., Golob, B., Golubev, V. B., Gorodeisky, R., Gradl, W., Graham, M. T., Grauges, E., Griessinger, K., Gritsan, A. V., Grünberg, O., Guido, E., Guttman, N., Hafner, A., Hara, T., Harrison, P. F., Hast, C., Hayasaka, K., Hearty, C., Heck, M., Hedges, M. T., Heß, M., Hirose, S., Hitlin, D. G., Honscheid, K., Hou, W. -S., Huard, Z., Van Hulse, C., Hutchcroft, D. E., Inami, K., Inguglia, G., Innes, W. R., Ishikawa, A., Itoh, R., Iwasaki, M., Iwasaki, Y., Izen, J. M., Jacobs, W. W., Jawahery, A., Jessop, C. P., Jia, S., Jin, Y., Joo, K. K., Julius, T., Kaliyar, A. B., Kang, K. H., Karyan, G., Kass, R., Kichimi, H., Kim, D. Y., Kim, J. B., Kim, K. T., Kim, S. H., Kim, J., Kim, P., King, G. J., Kinoshita, K., Koch, H., Kodyš, P., Kolomensky, Yu. G., Korpar, S., Kotchetkov, D., Kowalewski, R., Kravchenko, E. A., Križan, P., Kroeger, R., Krokovny, P., Kuhr, T., Kulasiri, R., Kuzmin, A., Kwon, Y. -J., Lacker, H. M., Lafferty, G. D., Lanceri, L., Lange, J. S., Lange, D. J., Lankford, A. J., Latham, T. E., Leddig, T., Diberder, F. Le, Lee, I. S., Lee, S. C., Lees, J. P., Leith, D. W. G. S., Li, L. K., Li, Y. B., Li, Y., Libby, J., Liventsev, D., Lockman, W. S., Long, O., LoSecco, J. M., Lou, X. C., Lubej, M., Lueck, T., Luitz, S., Luo, T., Luppi, E., Lusiani, A., Lutz, A. M., MacFarlane, D. B., MacNaughton, J., Mallik, U., Manoni, E., Marchiori, G., Margoni, M., Martellotti, S., Martinez-Vidal, F., Masuda, M., Matsuda, T., Mattison, T. S., Matvienko, D., McKenna, J. A., Meadows, B. T., Merola, M., Miyabayashi, K., Miyashita, T. S., Miyata, H., Mizuk, R., Mohanty, G. B., Mori, T., Muller, D. R., Müller, T., Mussa, R., Nakano, E., Nakao, M., Nanut, T., Nath, K. J., Nayak, M., Neal, H., Neri, N., Nisar, N. K., Nishida, S., Nugent, I. M., Oberhof, B., Ocariz, J., Ogawa, S., Ongmongkolkul, P., Ono, H., Onuchin, A. P., Oyanguren, A., Pakhlov, P., Pakhlova, G., Pal, B., Palano, A., Palombo, F., Vazquez, W. Panduro, Paoloni, E., Pardi, S., Park, H., Passaggio, S., Patrignani, C., Patteri, P., Paul, S., Pavelkin, I., Payne, D. J., Pedlar, T. K., Peimer, D. R., Peruzzi, I. M., Piccolo, M., Piilonen, L. E., Pilloni, A., Piredda, G., Poireau, V., Porter, F. C., Posocco, M., Prell, S., Prepost, R., Puccio, E. M. T., Purohit, M. V., Pushpawela, B. G., Rama, M., Randle-Conde, A., Ratcliff, B. N., Raven, G., Resmi, P. K., Ritchie, J. L., Ritter, M., Rizzo, G., Roberts, D. A., Robertson, S. H., Röhrken, M., Roney, J. M., Roodman, A., Rossi, A., Rotondo, M., Rozanska, M., Russo, G., Sacco, R., Said, S. Al, Sakai, Y., Sandilya, S., Santelj, L., Santoro, V., Sanuki, T., Savinov, V., Schneider, O., Schnell, G., Schroeder, T., Schubert, K. R., Schwanda, C., Schwartz, A. J., Schwitters, R. F., Sciacca, C., Seddon, R. M., Seino, Y., Sekula, S. J., Senyo, K., Seon, O., Serednyakov, S. I., Sevior, M. E., Shebalin, V., Shibata, T. -A., Shimizu, N., Shiu, J. -G., Simi, G., Simon, F., Simonetto, F., Skovpen, Yu. I., Smith, J. G., Smith, A. J. S., So, R. Y., Sobie, R. J., Soffer, A., Sokoloff, M. D., Solodov, E. P., Solovieva, E., Spanier, S. M., Starič, M., Stroili, R., Sullivan, M. K., Sumisawa, K., Sumiyoshi, T., Summers, D. J., Sun, L., Takizawa, M., Tamponi, U., Tanida, K., Taras, P., Tasneem, N., Tenchini, F., Tisserand, V., Todyshevx, K. Yu., Touramanis, C., Uchida, M., Uglov, T., Unno, Y., Uno, S., Vahsen, S. E., Varner, G., Vasseur, G., Va'vra, J., Červenkov, D., Verderi, M., Vitale, L., Vorobyev, V., Voß, C., Wagner, S. R., Waheed, E., Waldi, R., Walsh, J. J., Wang, B., Wang, C. H., Wang, M. -Z., Wang, P., Wilson, F. F., Wilson, J. R., Wisniewski, W. J., Won, E., Wormser, G., Wright, D. M., Wu, S. L., Yuan, C. Z., Yusa, Y., Zakharov, S., Zallo, A., Zani, L., Zhang, Z. P., Zhilich, V., Zhukova, V., Zhulanov, V., and Zupanc, A.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We report measurements of $\sin{2\beta}$ and $\cos{2\beta}$ from a time-dependent Dalitz plot analysis of $B^{0} \to D^{(*)} h^{0}$ with $D \to K_{S}^{0} \pi^{+} \pi^{-}$ decays, where the light unflavored and neutral hadron $h^{0}$ is a $\pi^{0}$, $\eta$, or $\omega$ meson. The analysis is performed with a combination of the final data sets of the \babar\ and Belle experiments containing $471 \times 10^{6}$ and $772 \times 10^{6}$ $B\bar{B}$ pairs collected at the $\Upsilon\left(4S\right)$ resonance at the asymmetric-energy B factories PEP-II at SLAC and KEKB at KEK, respectively. We measure $\sin{2\beta} = 0.80 \pm 0.14 \,(\rm{stat.}) \pm 0.06 \,(\rm{syst.}) \pm 0.03 \,(\rm{model})$ and $\cos{2\beta} = 0.91 \pm 0.22 \,(\rm{stat.}) \pm 0.09 \,(\rm{syst.}) \pm 0.07 \,(\rm{model})$. The result for the direct measurement of the angle is $\beta = \left( 22.5 \pm 4.4 \,(\rm{stat.}) \pm 1.2 \,(\rm{syst.}) \pm 0.6 \,(\rm{model}) \right)^{\circ}$. The last quoted uncertainties are due to the composition of the $D^{0} \to K_{S}^{0} \pi^{+} \pi^{-}$ decay amplitude model, which is newly established by a Dalitz plot amplitude analysis of a high-statistics $e^{+}e^{-} \to c\bar{c}$ data sample as part of this analysis. We find the first evidence for $\cos2\beta>0$ at the level of $3.7$ standard deviations. The measurement excludes the trigonometric multifold solution $\pi/2 - \beta = (68.1 \pm 0.7)^{\circ}$ at the level of $7.3$ standard deviations and therefore resolves an ambiguity in the determination of the apex of the CKM Unitarity Triangle. The hypothesis of $\beta = 0^{\circ}$ is ruled out at the level of $5.1$ standard deviations, and thus CP violation is observed in $B^{0} \to D^{(*)} h^{0}$ decays., Comment: To be submitted to Physical Review D

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

28. First evidence for $\cos 2\beta>0$ and resolution of the CKM Unitarity Triangle ambiguity by a time-dependent Dalitz plot analysis of $B^{0} \to D^{(*)} h^{0}$ with $D \to K_{S}^{0} \pi^{+} \pi^{-}$ decays

Author

BaBar, The, Collaborations, Belle, Adachi, I., Adye, T., Ahmed, H., Ahn, J. K., Aihara, H., Akar, S., Alam, M. S., Albert, J., Anulli, F., Arnaud, N., Asner, D. M., Aston, D., Atmacan, H., Aushev, T., Ayad, R., Babu, V., Badhrees, I., Bakich, A. M., Banerjee, Sw., Bansal, V., Barlow, R. J., Batignani, G., Beaulieu, A., Behera, P., Bellis, M., Ben-Haim, E., Bernard, D., Bernlochner, F. U., Bettarini, S., Bettoni, D., Bevan, A. J., Bhardwaj, V., Bhuyan, B., Bianchi, F., Biasini, M., Biswal, J., Blinov, V. E., Bomben, M., Bondar, A., Bonneaud, G. R., Bozek, A., Bozzi, C., Bračko, M., Browder, T. E., Brown, D. N., Bünger, C., Burchat, P. R., Buzykaev, A. R., Calabrese, R., Calcaterra, A., Calderini, G., Di Carlo, S., Carpinelli, M., Cartaro, C., Casarosa, G., Cenci, R., Chao, D. S., Chauveau, J., Cheaib, R., Chen, A., Chen, C., Cheng, C. H., Cheon, B. G., Chilikin, K., Cho, K., Choi, Y., Choudhury, S., Chrzaszcz, M., Cibinetto, G., Cinabro, D., Cochran, J., Coleman, J. P., Convery, M. R., Cowan, G., Cowan, R., Cremaldi, L., Cunliffe, S., Dash, N., Davier, M., Davis, C. L., De Mori, F., De Nardo, G., Denig, A. G., de Sangro, R., Dey, B., Di Lodovico, F., Dittrich, S., Doležal, Z., Dorfan, J., Drásal, Z., Druzhinin, V. P., Dunwoodie, W., Ebert, M., Echenard, B., Eidelman, S., Eigen, G., Eisner, A. M., Emery, S., Epifanov, D., Ernst, J. A., Faccini, R., Fast, J. E., Feindt, M., Ferber, T., Ferrarotto, F., Ferroni, F., Field, R. C., Filippi, A., Finocchiaro, G., Fioravanti, E., Flood, K. T., Forti, F., Fritsch, M., Fulsom, B. G., Gabathuler, E., Gamba, D., Garg, R., Garmash, A., Gary, J. W., Garzia, I., Gaur, V., Gaz, A., Gelb, M., Gershon, T. J., Gioi, L. Li, Giorgi, M. A., Giri, A., Godang, R., Goldenzweig, P., Golob, B., Golubev, V. B., Gorodeisky, R., Gradl, W., Graham, M. T., Grauges, E., Griessinger, K., Gritsan, A. V., Grünberg, O., Guan, Y., Guido, E., Guttman, N., Haba, J., Hafner, A., Hara, T., Harrison, P. F., Hast, C., Hayasaka, K., Hayashii, H., Hearty, C., Heck, M., Hedges, M. T., Heß, M., Hirose, S., Hitlin, D. G., Honscheid, K., Hou, W. -S., Hsu, C. -L., Huard, Z., Van Hulse, C., Hutchcroft, D. E., Inami, K., Inguglia, G., Innes, W. R., Ishikawa, A., Itoh, R., Iwasaki, M., Iwasaki, Y., Izen, J. M., Jacobs, W. W., Jawahery, A., Jessop, C. P., Jia, S., Jin, Y., Joo, K. K., Julius, T., Kaliyar, A. B., Kang, K. H., Karyan, G., Kass, R., Kichimi, H., Kim, D. Y., Kim, J. B., Kim, K. T., Kim, S. H., Kim, J., Kim, P., King, G. J., Kinoshita, K., Koch, H., Kodyš, P., Kolomensky, Yu. G., Korpar, S., Kotchetkov, D., Kowalewski, R., Kravchenko, E. A., Križan, P., Kroeger, R., Krokovny, P., Kuhr, T., Kulasiri, R., Kumita, T., Kuzmin, A., Kwon, Y. -J., Lacker, H. M., Lafferty, G. D., Lanceri, L., Lange, J. S., Lange, D. J., Lankford, A. J., Latham, T. E., Leddig, T., Diberder, F. Le, Lee, I. S., Lee, S. C., Lees, J. P., Leith, D. W. G. S., Li, L. K., Li, Y. B., Li, Y., Libby, J., Liventsev, D., Lockman, W. S., Long, O., LoSecco, J. M., Lou, X. C., Lubej, M., Lueck, T., Luitz, S., Luo, T., Luppi, E., Lusiani, A., Lutz, A. M., MacFarlane, D. B., MacNaughton, J., Mallik, U., Manoni, E., Marchiori, G., Margoni, M., Martellotti, S., Martinez-Vidal, F., Masuda, M., Matsuda, T., Mattison, T. S., Matvienko, D., McKenna, J. A., Meadows, B. T., Merola, M., Miyabayashi, K., Miyashita, T. S., Miyata, H., Mizuk, R., Mohanty, G. B., Moon, H. K., Mori, T., Muller, D. R., Müller, T., Mussa, R., Nakano, E., Nakao, M., Nanut, T., Nath, K. J., Nayak, M., Neal, H., Neri, N., Nisar, N. K., Nishida, S., Nugent, I. M., Oberhof, B., Ocariz, J., Ogawa, S., Ongmongkolkul, P., Ono, H., Onuchin, A. P., Onuki, Y., Oyanguren, A., Pakhlov, P., Pakhlova, G., Pal, B., Palano, A., Palombo, F., Vazquez, W. Panduro, Paoloni, E., Pardi, S., Park, H., Passaggio, S., Patrignani, C., Patteri, P., Paul, S., Pavelkin, I., Payne, D. J., Pedlar, T. K., Peimer, D. R., Peruzzi, I. M., Pestotnik, R., Piccolo, M., Piilonen, L. E., Pilloni, A., Piredda, G., Poireau, V., Popov, V., Porter, F. C., Posocco, M., Prell, S., Prepost, R., Puccio, E. M. T., Purohit, M. V., Pushpawela, B. G., Rama, M., Randle-Conde, A., Ratcliff, B. N., Raven, G., Resmi, P. K., Ritchie, J. L., Ritter, M., Rizzo, G., Roberts, D. A., Robertson, S. H., Röhrken, M., Roney, J. M., Roodman, A., Rossi, A., Rotondo, M., Rozanska, M., Russo, G., Sacco, R., Said, S. Al, Sakai, Y., Salehi, M., Sandilya, S., Santelj, L., Santoro, V., Sanuki, T., Savinov, V., Schneider, O., Schnell, G., Schroeder, T., Schubert, K. R., Schwanda, C., Schwartz, A. J., Schwitters, R. F., Sciacca, C., Seddon, R. M., Seino, Y., Sekula, S. J., Senyo, K., Seon, O., Serednyakov, S. I., Sevior, M. E., Shebalin, V., Shen, C. P., Shibata, T. -A., Shimizu, N., Shiu, J. -G., Simi, G., Simon, F., Simonetto, F., Skovpen, Yu. I., Smith, J. G., Smith, A. J. S., So, R. Y., Sobie, R. J., Soffer, A., Sokoloff, M. D., Solodov, E. P., Solovieva, E., Spanier, S. M., Starič, M., Stroili, R., Sullivan, M. K., Sumisawa, K., Sumiyoshi, T., Summers, D. J., Sun, L., Takizawa, M., Tamponi, U., Tanida, K., Taras, P., Tasneem, N., Tenchini, F., Tisserand, V., Todyshevx, K. Yu., Touramanis, C., Uchida, M., Uglov, T., Unno, Y., Uno, S., Vahsen, S. E., Varner, G., Vasseur, G., Va'vra, J., Červenkov, D., Verderi, M., Vitale, L., Vorobyev, V., Voß, C., Wagner, S. R., Waheed, E., Waldi, R., Walsh, J. J., Wang, B., Wang, C. H., Wang, M. -Z., Wang, P., Watanabe, Y., Wilson, F. F., Wilson, J. R., Wisniewski, W. J., Won, E., Wormser, G., Wright, D. M., Wu, S. L., Ye, H., Yuan, C. Z., Yusa, Y., Zakharov, S., Zallo, A., Zani, L., Zhang, Z. P., Zhilich, V., Zhukova, V., Zhulanov, V., and Zupanc, A.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We present first evidence that the cosine of the CP-violating weak phase $2\beta$ is positive, and hence exclude trigonometric multifold solutions of the CKM Unitarity Triangle using a time-dependent Dalitz plot analysis of $B^{0} \to D^{(*)} h^{0}$ with $D \to K_{S}^{0} \pi^{+} \pi^{-}$ decays, where $h^{0} \in \{\pi^{0}, \eta, \omega \}$ denotes a light unflavored and neutral hadron. The measurement is performed combining the final data sets of the BaBar and Belle experiments collected at the $\Upsilon(4S)$ resonance at the asymmetric-energy B factories PEP-II at SLAC and KEKB at KEK, respectively. The data samples contain $( 471 \pm 3 )\times 10^6\, B\bar{B}$ pairs recorded by the BaBar detector and $( 772 \pm 11 )\times 10^6\, B\bar{B}$ pairs recorded by the Belle detector. The results of the measurement are $\sin{2\beta} = 0.80 \pm 0.14 \,(\rm{stat.}) \pm 0.06 \,(\rm{syst.}) \pm 0.03 \,(\rm{model})$ and $\cos{2\beta} = 0.91 \pm 0.22 \,(\rm{stat.}) \pm 0.09 \,(\rm{syst.}) \pm 0.07 \,(\rm{model})$. The result for the direct measurement of the angle $\beta$ of the CKM Unitarity Triangle is $\beta = \left( 22.5 \pm 4.4 \,(\rm{stat.}) \pm 1.2 \,(\rm{syst.}) \pm 0.6 \,(\rm{model}) \right)^{\circ}$. The quoted model uncertainties are due to the composition of the $D^{0} \to K_{S}^{0} \pi^{+} \pi^{-}$ decay amplitude model, which is newly established by performing a Dalitz plot amplitude analysis using a high-statistics $e^{+}e^{-} \to c\bar{c}$ data sample. CP violation is observed in $B^{0} \to D^{(*)} h^{0}$ decays at the level of $5.1$ standard deviations. The significance for $\cos{2\beta}>0$ is $3.7$ standard deviations. The trigonometric multifold solution $\pi/2 - \beta = (68.1 \pm 0.7)^{\circ}$ is excluded at the level of $7.3$ standard deviations. The measurement resolves an ambiguity in the determination of the apex of the CKM Unitarity Triangle., Comment: To be submitted to Physical Review Letters

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

29. Regional scale dryland vegetation classification with an integrated lidar-hyperspectral approach

Author

Dashti, H, Poley, A, Glenn, NF, Ilangakoon, N, Spaete, L, Roberts, D, Enterkine, J, Flores, AN, Ustin, SL, and Mitchell, JJ

Subjects
drylands, classification, SAM, MESMA, LiDAR, Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience, Geomatic Engineering, Classical Physics
Abstract

The sparse canopy cover and large contribution of bright background soil, along with the heterogeneous vegetation types in close proximity, are common challenges for mapping dryland vegetation with remote sensing. Consequently, the results of a single classification algorithm or one type of sensor to characterize dryland vegetation typically show low accuracy and lack robustness. In our study, we improved classification accuracy in a semi-arid ecosystem based on the use of vegetation optical (hyperspectral) and structural (lidar) information combined with the environmental characteristics of the landscape. To accomplish this goal, we used both spectral angle mapper (SAM) and multiple endmember spectral mixture analysis (MESMA) for optical vegetation classification. Lidar-derived maximum vegetation height and delineated riparian zones were then used to modify the optical classification. Incorporating the lidar information into the classification scheme increased the overall accuracy from 60% to 89%. Canopy structure can have a strong influence on spectral variability and the lidar provided complementary information for SAM's sensitivity to shape but not magnitude of the spectra. Similar approaches to map large regions of drylands with low uncertainty may be readily implemented with unmixing algorithms applied to upcoming space-based imaging spectroscopy and lidar. This study advances our understanding of the nuances associated with mapping xeric and mesic regions, and highlights the importance of incorporating complementary algorithms and sensors to accurately characterize the heterogeneity of dryland ecosystems.

Published
2019

33. ALMA Detection of Bipolar Outflows: Evidence for Low Mass Star Formation within 1pc of Sgr A*

Author

Yusef-Zadeh, F., Wardle, M., Kunneriath, D., Royster, M., Wootten, A., and Roberts, D. A.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

We report the discovery of 11 bipolar outflows within a projected distance of 1pc from Sgr A* based on deep ALMA observations of $^{13}$CO, H30$\alpha$ and SiO (5-4) lines with sub-arcsecond and $\sim1.3$ km/s, resolutions. These unambiguous signatures of young protostars manifest as approaching and receding lobes of dense gas swept up by the jets created during the formation and early evolution of stars. The lobe masses and momentum transfer rates are consistent with young protostellar outflows found throughout the disk of the Galaxy. The mean dynamical age of the outflow population is estimated to be $6.5^{+8.1}_{-3.6}\times10^3$ years. The rate of star formation is $\sim5\times10^{-4}$\msol\,yr$^{-1}$ assuming a mean stellar mass of $\sim0.3$ \msol. This discovery provides evidence that star formation is taking place within clouds surprisingly close to Sgr A*, perhaps due to events that compress the host cloud, creating condensations with sufficient self-gravity to resist tidal disruption by Sgr A*. Low-mass star formation over the past few billion years at this level would contribute significantly to the stellar mass budget in the central few pc of the Galaxy. The presence of many dense clumps of molecular material within 1pc of Sgr A* suggests that star formation could take place in the immediate vicinity of supermassive black holes in the nuclei of external galaxies, Comment: 17 pages, 4 figures

Published
2017
Full Text
View/download PDF

34. ALMA and VLA observations of emission from the environment of Sgr A*

Author

Yusef-Zadeh, F., Schödel, R., Wardle, M., Bushouse, H., Cotton, W., Royster, M. J., Kunneriath, D., Roberts, D. A., and Gallego-Cano, E.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

We present 44 and 226 GHz observations of the Galactic center within 20$"$ of Sgr A*. Millimeter continuum emission at 226 GHz is detected from eight stars that have previously been identified at near-IR and radio wavelengths. We also detect a 5.8 mJy source at 226 GHz coincident with the magnetar SGR~J1745-29 located 2.39$"$ SE of Sgr A* and identify a new 2.5$"\times1.5"$ halo of mm emission centered on Sgr A*. The X-ray emission from this halo has been detected previously and is interpreted in terms of a radiatively inefficient accretion flow. The mm halo surrounds an EW linear feature which appears to arise from Sgr A* and coincides with the diffuse X-ray emission and a minimum in the near-IR extinction. We argue that the millimeter emission is produced by synchrotron emission from relativistic electrons in equipartition with a $\sim 1.5$mG magnetic field. The origin of these is unclear but its coexistence with hot gas supports scenarios in which the gas is produced by the interaction of winds either from the fast moving S-stars, the photo-evaporation of low-mass YSO disks or by a jet-driven outflow from Sgr A*. The spatial anti-correlation of the X-ray, radio and mm emission from the halo and the low near-IR extinction provides compelling evidence for an outflow sweeping up the interstellar material, creating a dust cavity within 2$"$ of Sgr A*. Finally, the radio and mm counterparts to eight near-IR identified stars within $\sim$10\arcs\ of Sgr A* provide accurate astrometry to determine the positional shift between the peak emission at 44 and 226 GHz., Comment: 22 pages, 9 figures, MNRAS, in press

Published
2017
Full Text
View/download PDF

35. Tidal Distortion of the Envelope of an AGB Star IRS 3 near Sgr A*

Author

Yusef-Zadeh, F., Wardle, M., Cotton, W., Schödel, R., Royster, M. J., Roberts, D. A., and Kunneriath, D.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astrophysics - Solar and Stellar Astrophysics
Abstract

We present radio and mm continuum observations of the Galactic center taken with the VLA and ALMA at 44 and 226 GHz, respectively. We detect radio and mm emission from IRS 3, lying ~4.5" NW of Sgr A*, with a spectrum that is consistent with the photospheric emission from an AGB star at the Galactic center. Millimeter images reveal that the envelope of IRS 3, the brightest and most extended 3.8$\mu$m Galactic center stellar source, consists of two semi-circular dust shells facing the direction of Sgr A*. The outer circumstellar shell at the distance of 1.6$\times10^4$ AU, appears to break up into "fingers" of dust directed toward Sgr A*. These features coincide with molecular CS (5-4) emission and a near-IR extinction cloud distributed between IRS 3 and Sgr A*. The NE-SW asymmetric shape of the IRS 3 shells seen at 3.8 micron and radio are interpreted as structures that are tidally distorted by Sgr A*. Using the kinematics of CS emission and the proper motion of IRS 3, the tidally distorted outflowing material from the envelope after 5000 years constrains the distance of IRS 3 to $\sim$0.7 pc in front of or $\sim$0.5 pc behind Sgr A*. This suggests that the mass loss by stars near Sgr A* can supply a reservoir of molecular material near Sgr A*. We also present dark features in radio continuum images coincident with the envelope of IRS 3. These dusty stars provide examples in which high resolution radio continuum images can identify dust enshrouded stellar sources embedded an ionized medium., Comment: 16 pages, 5 figures, ApJ (in press)

Published
2017
Full Text
View/download PDF

36. ALMA and VLA Observations: Evidence for Ongoing Low-mass Star Formation near Sgr A*

Author

Yusef-Zadeh, F., Cotton, W., Wardle, M., Royster, M. J., Kunneriath, D., Roberts, D. A., Wootten, A., and Schödel, R.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

Using the VLA, we recently detected a large number of protoplanetary disk (proplyd) candidates lying within a couple of light years of the massive black hole Sgr A*. The bow-shock appearance of proplyd candidates point toward the young massive stars located near Sgr A*. Similar to Orion proplyds, the strong UV radiation from the cluster of massive stars at the Galactic center is expected to photoevaporate and photoionize the circumstellar disks around young, low mass stars, thus allowing detection of the ionized outflows from the photoionized layer surrounding cool and dense gaseous disks. To confirm this picture, ALMA observations detect millimeter emission at 226 GHz from five proplyd candidates that had been detected at 44 and 34 GHz with the VLA. We present the derived disk masses for four sources as a function of the assumed dust temperature. The mass of protoplanetary disks from cool dust emission ranges between 0.03 -- 0.05 solar mass. These estimates are consistent with the disk masses found in star forming sites in the Galaxy. These measurements show the presence of on-going star formation with the implication that gas clouds can survive near Sgr A* and the relative importance of high vs low-mass star formation in the strong tidal and radiation fields of the Galactic center., Comment: 13 pages, 3 figures, MNRAS (in press)

Published
2017
Full Text
View/download PDF

37. Godiva-IV Dosimetry Exercise 2022 (IER-538 CED4A Report)

Author

Tamashiro, A., primary, Stone, D., additional, Anspach, L., additional, Champine, B., additional, Firpo, M., additional, Maggi, P., additional, Uchiyama, S., additional, Witter, P., additional, Yap-Chiongco, P., additional, Mitchell, S., additional, Percher, C., additional, Heinrichs, D., additional, Goda, J., additional, Grove, T., additional, Cutler, T., additional, Thompson, N., additional, Weldon, R., additional, Overbay, L., additional, Omoto, T., additional, Gadd, M., additional, Hillmer, E., additional, Sharisky, L., additional, Ward, D., additional, Kilbane, J., additional, Roberts, D., additional, Abbott, R., additional, Epps, J., additional, Vogt, D., additional, Healy, H., additional, Murphy, S., additional, Ludwigsen, R., additional, Veinot, K., additional, Mcmahon, K., additional, Detweiler, A., additional, Romanyukha, A., additional, Boozer, D., additional, Consani, K., additional, Angus, P., additional, Vessey, N., additional, Chapman, K., additional, McCabe, G., additional, Cornick, E., additional, Trompier, F., additional, Ristic, Y., additional, Herth, J., additional, and Pignet, S., additional

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

40. Evaluating endmember and band selection techniques for multiple endmember spectral mixture analysis using post-fire imaging spectroscopy

Author

Tane, Z, Roberts, D, Veraverbeke, S, Casas, Á, Ramirez, C, and Ustin, S

Subjects
spectral mixture analysis, fire severity, AVIRIS, Physical Geography and Environmental Geoscience, Geomatic Engineering, Classical Physics
Abstract

Fire impacts many vegetated ecosystems across the world. The severity of a fire is major component in determining post-fire effects, including soil erosion, trace gas emissions, and the trajectory of recovery. In this study, we used imaging spectroscopy data combined with Multiple Endmember Spectral Mixture Analysis (MESMA), a form of spectral mixture analysis that accounts for endmember variability, to map fire severity of the 2013 Rim Fire. We evaluated four endmember selection approaches: Iterative Endmember Selection (IES), count-based within endmember class (In-CoB), Endmember Average Root Mean Squared Error (EAR), and Minimum Average Spectral Angle (MASA). To reduce the dimensionality of the imaging spectroscopy data we used uncorrelated Stable Zone Unmixing (uSZU). Fractional cover maps derived from MESMA were validated using two approaches: (1) manual interpretation of fine spatial resolutionWorldView-2 imagery; and (2) ground plots measuring the Geo Composite Burn Index (GeoCBI) and the percentage of co-dominant and dominant trees with green, brown, and black needles. Comparison to reference data demonstrated fairly high correlation for green vegetation and char fractions (r2 values as high as 0.741 for the MESMA ash fractions compared to classifiedWorldView-2 imagery and as high as 0.841 for green vegetation fractions). The combination of uSZU band selection and In-CoB endmember selection had the best trade-offbetween accuracy and computational efficiency. This study demonstrated that detailed fire severity retrievals based on imaging spectroscopy can be optimized using techniques that would be viable also in a satellite-based imaging spectrometer.

Published
2018

44. Alternative PV Bus Modelling with the Holomorphic Embedding Load Flow Method

Author

Wallace, I., Roberts, D., Grothey, A., and McKinnon, K. I. M.

Subjects
Mathematics - Optimization and Control
Abstract

The Holomorphic Embedding Load Flow Method (HELM) has been suggested as an alternative approach to solve load flow problems. However, the current literature does not provide any HELM models that can accurately handle general power networks containing PV and PQ buses of realistic sizes. The original HELM paper dealt only with PQ buses, while a second paper showed how to include PV buses but suffered from serious accuracy problems. This paper fills this gap by providing several models capable of solving general networks, with computational results for the standard IEEE test cases provided for comparison. In addition this paper also presents a new derivation of the theory behind the method and investigates some of the claims made in the original HELM paper.

Published
2016

45. Orion's Veil: Magnetic field strengths and other properties of a PDR in front of the Trapezium Cluster

Author

Troland, T. H., Goss, W. M., Brogan, C. L., Crutcher, R. M., and Roberts, D. A.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We present an analysis of physical conditions in the Orion Veil, a largely atomic PDR that lies just in front (about 2 pc) of the Trapezium stars. We have obtained 21 cm HI and 18 cm OH VLA Zeeman effect data. These data yield images of the line-of-sight magnetic field strength Blos in atomic and molecular regions of the Veil. We find Blos is typically -50 to -75 microgauss in the atomic gas across much of the Veil (25" resolution); Blos is -350 microgauss at one position in the molecular gas (40" resolution). The Veil has two principal HI velocity components. Magnetic and kinematical data suggest a close connection between these components. They may represent gas on either side of a shock wave preceding a weak-D ionization front. Magnetic fields in the Veil HI components are 3-5 times stronger than they are elsewhere in the ISM where N(H) and n(H) are comparable. The HI components are magnetically subcritical (magnetically dominated), like the CNM, although they are about 1 dex denser. Strong fields in the Veil HI components may have resulted from low turbulence conditions in the diffuse gas that gave rise to OMC-1. Strong fields may also be related to magnetostatic equilibrium that has developed in the Veil since star formation. We consider the location of the Orion-S molecular core, proposing a location behind the main Orion H+ region., Comment: 44 pages, 11 figures, 4 tables, accepted by ApJ

Published
2016
Full Text
View/download PDF

46. Multiwavelength study of the flaring activity of Sgr A* in 2014 February-April

Author

Mossoux, E., Grosso, N., Bushouse, H., Eckart, A., Yusef-Zadeh, F., Plambeck, R. L., Peissker, F., Valencia-S., M., Porquet, D., Cotton, W. D., and Roberts, D. A.

Subjects
Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena
Abstract

The supermassive black hole Sgr A* is located at the Milky Way center. We studied its flaring activity close to the DSO/G2 pericenter passage to constrain the physical properties and origin of the flares. Simultaneous/coordinated observations were made in 2014 Feb-Apr with XMM-Newton, HST/WFC3, VLT/SINFONI, VLA and CARMA. We detected 2 X-ray and 3 NIR flares on Mar. 10 and Apr. 2 with XMM-Newton and HST and 2 NIR flares on Apr. 3 and 4 with VLT. The Mar. 10 X-ray flare has a long rise and a rapid decay. Its NIR counterpart peaked 4320s before the X-ray peak implying a variation in the X-ray-to-NIR flux ratio. This flare may be a single flare where change in the flux ratio is explained by the adiabatic compression of a plasmon or 2 close flares with simultaneous X-ray/NIR peaks. We observed an increase in the rising radio flux density on Mar. 10 with the VLA. It could be the delayed emission from a NIR/X-ray flare preceding our observation. The Apr. 2 X-ray flare occurred for HST in the Earth occultation of Sgr A*. We thus only observed the start of its NIR counterpart. After the occultation, we observed the decay phase of a bright NIR flare with no X-ray counterpart. On Apr. 3, 2 CARMA flares were observed. The 1rst one may be the delayed emission of a VLT NIR flare. We thus observed 7 NIR flares whose 3 have an X-ray counterpart. We studied the physical parameters of the flaring region for each NIR flare but none of the possible radiative processes can be ruled out for the X-ray flares creation. Our X-ray flaring rate is consistent with those observed in the 2012 Chandra XVP campaign. No increase in the flaring activity was thus triggered close to the DSO/G2 pericenter passage. Moreover, higher X-ray flaring rates had already been observed with no increase in the quiescent level. There is thus no direct link between an X-ray flaring-rate increase and an accretion-rate change. (abridged), Comment: Accepted version

Published
2016
Full Text
View/download PDF

47. Sgr A* and its Environment: Low Mass Star Formation, the Origin of X-ray Gas and Collimated Outflow

Author

Yusef-Zadeh, F., Wardle, M., Schödel, R., Roberts, D. A., Cotton, W., Bushouse, H., Arendt, R., and Royster, M.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies
Abstract

We present high-resolution multiwavelength radio continuum images of the region within 150$"$ of Sgr A*, revealing a number of new extended features and stellar sources in this region. First, we detect a continuous 2" east-west ridge of radio emission, linking Sgr A* and a cluster of stars associated with IRS 13N and IRS 13E. The ridge suggests that an outflow of east-west blob-like structures is emerging from Sgr A*. We also find arc-like features within the ridge with morphologies suggestive of photoevaporative protoplanetary disks. We use near-IR fluxes to show that the emission has similar characteristics to those of a protoplanetary disk irradiated by the intense radiation field at the Galactic center. This suggests that star formation has taken place within the S cluster 2$"$ from Sgr A*. We suggest that the diffuse X-ray emission associated with Sgr A* is due to an expanding hot wind produced by the mass loss from B-type main sequence stars, and/or the disks of photoevaporation of low mass YSOs at a rate ~10^{-6} solar mass per year. The proposed model naturally reduces the inferred accretion rate and is an alternative to the inflow-outflow style models to explain the underluminous nature of Sgr A*. Second, we detect new cometary radio and nea-IR sources and a striking tower of radio emission suggesting that they are tracing interaction sites of a mildly relativistic jet from Sgr A* with the atmosphere of stars and the nonthermal Sgr A East shell at a PA$\sim50-60^\circ$ with ~10^{-7} solar mass per year, and opening angle 10 degrees., Comment: 45 pages, 12 figures, ApJ (in press)

Published
2016
Full Text
View/download PDF

49. Cost-effectiveness of dual maternal HIV and syphilis testing strategies in high and low HIV prevalence countries: a modelling study

Author

Rodriguez, Patricia J, Roberts, D Allen, Meisner, Julianne, Sharma, Monisha, Owiredu, Morkor Newman, Gomez, Bertha, Mello, Maeve B, Bobrik, Alexey, Vodianyk, Arkadii, Storey, Andrew, Githuka, George, Chidarikire, Thato, Barnabas, Ruanne, Barr-Dichiara, Magdalena, Jamil, Muhammad S, Baggaley, Rachel, Johnson, Cheryl, Taylor, Melanie M, and Drake, Alison L

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

50. Groundwater-dependent ecosystem map exposes global dryland protection needs

Author

Rohde, M., Albano, C., Huggins, X., Klausmeyer, K., Morton, C., Sharman, A., Zaveri, E., Saito, L., Freed, Z., Howard, J., Job, N., Richter, H., Toderich, K., Rodella, A.-S., Gleeson, T., Huntington, J., Chandanpurkar, H., Purdy, A., Famiglietti, J., Singer, M., Roberts, D., Caylor, K., Stella, J., Rohde, M., Albano, C., Huggins, X., Klausmeyer, K., Morton, C., Sharman, A., Zaveri, E., Saito, L., Freed, Z., Howard, J., Job, N., Richter, H., Toderich, K., Rodella, A.-S., Gleeson, T., Huntington, J., Chandanpurkar, H., Purdy, A., Famiglietti, J., Singer, M., Roberts, D., Caylor, K., and Stella, J.

Abstract

Groundwater is the most ubiquitous source of liquid freshwater globally, yet its role in supporting diverse ecosystems is rarely acknowledged1,2. However, the location and extent of groundwater-dependent ecosystems (GDEs) are unknown in many geographies, and protection measures are lacking1,3. Here, we map GDEs at high-resolution (roughly 30 m) and find them present on more than one-third of global drylands analysed, including important global biodiversity hotspots4. GDEs are more extensive and contiguous in landscapes dominated by pastoralism with lower rates of groundwater depletion, suggesting that many GDEs are likely to have already been lost due to water and land use practices. Nevertheless, 53% of GDEs exist within regions showing declining groundwater trends, which highlights the urgent need to protect GDEs from the threat of groundwater depletion. However, we found that only 21% of GDEs exist on protected lands or in jurisdictions with sustainable groundwater management policies, invoking a call to action to protect these vital ecosystems. Furthermore, we examine the linkage of GDEs with cultural and socio-economic factors in the Greater Sahel region, where GDEs play an essential role in supporting biodiversity and rural livelihoods, to explore other means for protection of GDEs in politically unstable regions. Our GDE map provides critical information for prioritizing and developing policies and protection mechanisms across various local, regional or international scales to safeguard these important ecosystems and the societies dependent on them.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results