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Juvenile delinquency is a major social problem in many countries. This special series of Intervention in School and Clinic focuses on the intersection of youth with disabilities and the laws in the United States, Brazil, Costa Rica, Mexico, and Norway, which aim to ensure the provision of educational opportunities responsive to the needs of youth with disabilities who engage in behaviors that bring them into contact with law enforcement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Presents a study which focused on the nutrition support in the intensive care unit. Complications of overfeeding and underfeeding critically ill patients; Timeliness of initiation of nutrition support and intervention by a dietitian; Adequacy of nutrition support; Gastrointestinal complications.

Isolated chondrocytes stained with fluo 4-AM and visualized using standard confocal microscopy techniques exhibited Ca[sup 2+] transients and oscillations. Decreasing the power of the laser light decreased the percentage of cells exhibiting these Ca[sup 2+] signals. Treatment with the antioxidant ascorbate reduced the Ca[sup 2+] response, suggesting that it was mediated by light-induced release of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Cell viability 24 h after the 1-h confocal imaging period was ∼90% for cells that were neither fluorescently stained nor subjected to laser excitation. By contrast, fluorescently stained cells imaged for I h exhibited greatly reduced viability. Treatment with ascorbate reduced the level of cell death, suggesting that the effect was mediated by release of exogenous ROS associated with the interaction of light and the fiuorochrome. Ca[sup 2+] oscillations were not always associated with cell death, suggesting that separate light-sensitive pathways mediate the two processes. Light-activated Ca[sup 2+] signaling may trigger alterations in numerous cell processes and thereby represent an important and hitherto overlooked artifact in fluorescent microscopy of viable cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]