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In New York City, from the 1990s to the present, covert racism is alive and well in the field of medicine and medical education. This racism largely manifested itself as inequitable treatment of illness. The most heavily impacted are African American and Caribbean American females and males. These inequities engendered results such as unwarranted criticism in residency education, forced changes of medical occupations and jobs, and false attributions of behavioral health issues. Combating these challenges requires fortified character armor, seeking percipient well positioned minorities, white and off-whites allies, and a willingness to maintain continued vigilance. With persistence and tenacity, success is possible in terms of protecting minorities both in the educational process, and subsequent medical career.

Background: Ultraprofound hypothermia may have a place in trauma rescue and resuscitation. We describe resuscitation of dogs after asanguhteous perfusion and circulatory arrest of 2 hours at 2° to 4°C. Methods: Nine dogs were cooled using a bypass apparatus and their circulating blood replaced with bicarbonated Hextend (Abbott, North Chicago, IL). Perfusion was continued to 2° to 4°C, and 60 mL of 2 mol/L KCl and 20 mL of 50% MgSO 4 .7H 2 O were infused intra-arterially, and circulation was arrested for 2 hours. The dogs were then rewarmed, transfused, defibrillated, weaned from bypass, and allowed to awaken. Preoperative and postoperative biochemistry and hematology were compared. Results: Six dogs recovered fully. One of these dogs died of an infection 2 weeks later. Three other dogs never recovered because of technical or procedural difficulties. Biochemical and hematologic parameters were normal by 3 weeks. Conclusion: Hypothermic blood substitution with Hextend allows resuscitation after 2 hours of ice-cold circulatory arrest in dogs.

One of the most complex problem areas of broadcast programing is where a person's “right to privacy” meets the public's (or the broadcaster's) “right to know.” Guidelines through this area are difficult to find, resting as they do upon a highly technical body of law. Textbooks in broadcasting suggest the broadcaster use caution whenever the right to privacy might become an issue, but fail to give clear instruction (apart from the need to obtain a release in some unspecified form) on the best methods of avoiding a law suit. The average newsman and other program production personnel are ill‐equipped to analyze a difficult legal question without help and with little time. The following article, written for a graduate seminar at Michigan State University under the direction of Dr. Walter Emery, is designed to provide the non‐lawyer broadcaster with some guides for minimizing the influence of the “right to privacy” on the “right to know.”

The efficacy of intravenous hyperalimentation in the critically ill patient was evaluated by body composition measurements performed with a multiple isotope dilution technic. The size of the body cell mass was evaluated by measuring the total exchangeable potassium and the intracellular water volume. The total exchangeable sodium and the extracellular water volume were both measured to evaluate the extracellular supporting component of body composition. These measurements were performed in two groups of severely ill patients who were in a chronic catabolic state. The first group of sixteen patients received intravenous hyperalimentation and the second group of eighteen patients served as controls in that they were not hyperalimented. Similar measurements were performed in sixteen normal volunteers to define the normal range for the various body composition parameters. In the nonalimented patients, there was a significant decrease in the body cell mass accompanied by an expansion of the extracellular supporting component of body composition. Similar changes occurred in the patients receiving intravenous hyperalimentation. However, the magnitude of these changes was not as great. Thus, intravenous hyperalimentation tended to preserve the body cell mass and prevent expansion of the extracellular component of body composition. To determine if the body composition abnormality in the hyperalimented patients was due to continued catabolism, measurements were performed twice a mean of 25.1 ± 4.6 days apart in twelve patients receiving parenteral nutrition. Body composition in these patients remained unchanged, indicating that the body composition abnormality observed in the hyperalimented patients had occurred before the commencement of parenteral nutrition and was not corrected by it.