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Transition Metal Dichalcogenides (TMDCs) are strong candidates for a new class ofsemiconductors due to their tunable bandgaps. Their capacity to stretch and deform makes themsuitable for various medical sensors, and TMDCs can be engineered to have thicknesses as lowas 1 nm. Despite their potential, producing TMDCs on an industrial scale remains challengingwith the current chemical vapor deposition (CVD) methods. The issues stem from the inability torapidly produce them and the difficulty in maintaining consistency due to multiple sensitiveparameters like temperature, pressure, and precursor quantity. A promising alternative is a twostep method, which begins with the sputtering of the transition metal before the CVD process. This approach streamlines the TMDC production process, minimizing variables by automating one of the precursor stages and eliminating the need for manual intervention and catalysts. It's also vital to explore other transition metals since these can alter the TMDCs' properties,particularly their magnetic and superconductive characteristics. In this study, samples weregenerated using a metal seeding layer method with single coatings of Tungsten andMolybdenum. Dual coatings, including Titanium coated with Molybdenum and Chromiumcoated with Molybdenum, were tested to inhibit oxidation in the TMDCs. Each sampleunderwent comprehensive analysis at both the compositional and structural levels including.Raman spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), andatomic force microscopy (AFM). Whereas Molybdenum disulfide and Tungsten disulfideshowed experimental data consistent with the existence of sulfide phases, other materials lackevidence of such sulfurization. The AFM data revealed that the Tungsten disulfide displayed atriangular structure, which is characteristic of this material. While further research onsulfurization of Titanium and Chromium is required, the two-step synthesis approach showed thepotential for broader class of 2D materials including Nickel, Niobium, Vanadium, and more todetermine if the metal seeding approach is universally applicable to all TMDCs.

Die Replik greift Ebles Konzeption von Solidarität als widerständige Beziehungsweise auf und wendet sie auf pädagogische Beziehungen in Bildungsprozessen an. Dabei wird Ebles These vom Primat der Bildung gegenüber der Solidarität umgedreht und argumentiert, dass das Verhältnis zwischen beiden historisch und in sozialen wie politischen Prozessen eher umgekehrt ist. Systematisch wird, sobald Bildung und Solidarität in Erscheinung treten, für eine dialektische Fassung des Verhältnisses plädiert, die die Widersprüchlichkeit des Solidaritätsbegriffs in seiner Bedeutung für Beziehungen innerhalb von Bildungsprozessen verdeutlicht.

Background: In veterinary practice, most minor procedures such as radiographs, skin biopsies and wound treatments require sedation. The combination of butorphanol, ketamine and dexmedetomidine is commonly used, but the ideal dosages for this combination have not been reported. This randomized prospective clinical trial initially tested 8 clinically relevant combinations in a blinded procedure in 50 dogs. The quality of each combination was rated using a purposefully developed negative score (NS; 0-21.5, the lower the NS the better the quality of sedation), to judge the quality of sedation, the occurrence of side effects, and need for additional anaesthetics. Then the combinations were divided into "promising" and "unsatisfactory" subgroups and their centroids Pc and Uc were determined before a new combination (N) was calculated using the formula N=Pc+α*(Pc-Uc). The combination N was tested in 6 dogs and then it replaced the worst of the previous 8 combinations. The same procedure was repeated after each new combination until the NS did not improve any further. As a last step, the best combination was tested in 100 adult dogs undergoing diagnostic or therapeutic procedures. Results: The optimal combination found was dexmedetomidine 0.005 mg/kg, ketamine 1 mg kg-1, and butorphanol 0.3 mg kg-1 with a median NS of 1.5 (interquartile range 1.5-2.4). In all 112 dogs receiving this combination, the quality of sedation was satisfactory and no severe side effects were detected. Conclusions: The application of this optimization method allowed the calculation of an optimal drug combination for sedation in healthy dogs. This combination revealed safe after being tested in 100 animals. This combination can now be used in daily clinical practice for healthy adult dogs undergoing minor procedures.

Data-intensive emerging technologies manifest in learning and research in several ways, offering routes to impact student success and transform the research process. In learning, emerging technologies may enable new strategies for addressing student success. In research, emerging technologies are already impacting scientific methodologies with more disruption, and opportunity, anticipated. As the nature of research changes, so do the practices surrounding its dissemination and other issues taking on new importance. This chapter identifies strategic opportunities for libraries to adopt and engage with emerging technologies and ways in which library values and professional expertise inform and shape this engagement. The chapter builds on four cross-cutting opportunities that permeate many or all aspects of library services. Each section identifies key technologies shaping user behaviours and library services and highlights exemplary initiatives.

Banyak bermunculan kasus-kasus kemanusiaan mulai dari ringan, sedang sampai yang berat, dalam bentuk tindak pelanggaran, perilaku menyimpang dan tindak kriminal. Antara lain kekerasan terhadap perempuan dan anak, acuh tak acuh terhadap orang yang mengalami musibah dan kecelakaan, serta berbagai aktifitas yang membedakan manusia berdasarkan suku, agama, fisik, kedudukan sosial dan sebagainya. Fenomena yang dapat berkembang tersebut dapat meningkatkan arus disintegrasi bangsa, ketidak-adilan, dan ketidak-beradaban. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi aktualisasi nilai Pancasila sila kemanusiaan yang adil dan beradab dalam tradisi Senguyun yang dilakukan oleh masyarakat Dayak. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif yang bermaksud untuk memahami dan mendeskripsikan apa yang dialami oleh subjek penelitian secara holistik. Data berasal dari data primer dan sekunder yang diperoleh dari observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa nilai sila kemanusiaan yang adil dan beradab yang teraktualisasi dalam tradisi Senguyun yaitu (1) menjunjung persamaan derajat dan martabat, serta hak dan kewajiban masyarakat, (2) cinta pada sesama dalam rangka mewujudkan kehidupan rukun dan sejahtera, (3) mengutamakan kepentingan umum dari pada kepentingan pribadi, (4) Partisipasi dan kontribusi warga secara maksimal, (5) menghormati dan menghargai kesepakatan bersama, (6) membantu anggota masyarakat yang mengalami musibah/kesusahan, dan (7) terbuka bekerja sama tanpa membeda-bedakan latar belakang.

The atomic force microscope (AFM) is a widespread tool for the study of surfaces, as it allows for the unobtrusive measurement of nanoscale topography. AFM is also versatile, with variants that allow for the measurement of other quantities such as the local surface potential and Young’s modulus. A hurdle to the use of AFM systems is that interpretation of force probe data is nontrivial due to non-idealities of experimental systems including noise and artifacts. This thesis covers two computational techniques to overcome the limitations of AFM systems. First, finite element method simulations are used in conjunction with KPFM studies of vapor-liquid-solid grown silicon nanowires. The nanowires are studied with a variable electric bias applied across them, analogous to a field-effect transistor in operation. Then, batch analysis is applied to extract mechanical information from large amounts of AFM force spectroscopy data from tethered lipid bilayer membrane systems, which are important model systems for studying the mechanics of cell membranes.

International audience; BACKGROUND: All randomised phase 3 studies of selective internal radiation therapy for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma published to date have reported negative results. However, these studies did not use personalised dosimetry. We aimed to compare the efficacy of a personalised versus standard dosimetry approach of selective internal radiation therapy with yttrium-90-loaded glass microspheres in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.METHODS: DOSISPHERE-01 was a randomised, multicentre, open-label phase 2 trial done at four health-care centres in France. Patients were eligible if they were aged 18 years or older and had unresectable locally advanced hepatocellular carcinoma, at least one measurable lesion 7 cm or more in size, a hepatic reserve of at least 30% after selective internal radiation therapy, no extrahepatic spread (other than to the lymph nodes of the hilum, with a lesion 5% of patients) grade 3 or higher adverse events were ascites (one [3%] patient who received personalised dosimetry vs two [10%] patients who received standard dosimetry), hepatic failure (two [6%] vs none), lymphopenia (12 [34%] vs nine [43%]), increased aspartate aminotransferase concentrations (three [9%] vs two [10%]), increased alanine aminotransferase concentrations (three [9%] vs none), anaemia (two [6%] vs one [5%]), gastrointestinal haemorrhage (none vs two [10%]), and icterus (none vs two [10%]). One treatment-related death occurred in each group.INTERPRETATION: Compared with standard dosimetry, personalised dosimetry significantly improved the objective response rate in patients with locally advanced hepatocellular carcinoma. The results of this study suggest that personalised dosimetry is likely to improve outcomes in clinical practice and should be used in future trials of selective internal radiation therapy. FUNDING: Biocompatibles UK, a Boston Scientific Group company.

Rendahnya kesadaran dan kepedulian masyarakat terhadap Pancasila dan diikuti tidak adanya pengamalan Pancasila ke dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Melemahnya sikap sosialis dan meningkatnya sikap individualis, melemahnya pemahaman masyarakat tentang nilai-nilai Pancasila dan menguatnya pemahaman radikalis, pembangunan berorientasi jangka pendek (pragmatis) dan partisipasi masyarakat tanpa pola serta kering dari spirit moralitas. Dalam jangka panjang kondisi ini dapat memperlemah pilar-pilar kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi nilai-nilai Pancasila yang terdapat dalam tradisi dan nilai-nilai yang memperkuat kehidupan berbangsa dan bernegara melalui tradisi Senguyun masyarakat Dayak Kenya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif yang bermaksud untuk memahami dan mendeskripsikan fenomena tentang apa yang dialami oleh subjek penelitian secara holistik. Data berasal dari data primer dan sekunder yang diperoleh dari observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi masyarakat dalam tradisi senguyun. Hasil penelitian ini menemukan bahwa nilai – nilai Pancasila terdapat dalam tradisi Senguyun.

Background Low back pain (LBP) remains the leading cause of disability worldwide. A better understanding of the beliefs regarding LBP and impact of LBP on the individual is important in order to improve outcomes. Although personal experiences of LBP have traditionally been explored through qualitative studies, social media allows access to data from a large, heterogonous, and geographically distributed population, which is not possible using traditional qualitative or quantitative methods. As data on social media sites are collected in an unsolicited manner, individuals are more likely to express their views and emotions freely and in an unconstrained manner as compared to traditional data collection methods. Thus, content analysis of social media provides a novel approach to understanding how problems such as LBP are perceived by those who experience it and its impact. Objective The objective of this study was to identify contextual variables of the LBP experience from a first-person perspective to provide insights into individuals’ beliefs and perceptions. Methods We analyzed 896,867 cleaned tweets about LBP between January 1, 2014, and December 31, 2018. We tested and compared latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA), Dirichlet multinomial mixture (DMM), GPU-DMM, biterm topic model, and nonnegative matrix factorization for identifying topics associated with tweets. A coherence score was determined to identify the best model. Two domain experts independently performed qualitative content analysis of the topics with the strongest coherence score and grouped them into contextual categories. The experts met and reconciled any differences and developed the final labels. Results LDA outperformed all other algorithms, resulting in the highest coherence score. The best model was LDA with 60 topics, with a coherence score of 0.562. The 60 topics were grouped into 19 contextual categories. “Emotion and beliefs” had the largest proportion of total tweets (157,563/896,867, 17.6%), followed by “physical activity” (124,251/896,867, 13.85%) and “daily life” (80,730/896,867, 9%), while “food and drink,” “weather,” and “not being understood” had the smallest proportions (11,551/896,867, 1.29%; 10,109/896,867, 1.13%; and 9180/896,867, 1.02%, respectively). Of the 11 topics within “emotion and beliefs,” 113,562/157,563 (72%) had negative sentiment. Conclusions The content analysis of tweets in the area of LBP identified common themes that are consistent with findings from conventional qualitative studies but provide a more granular view of individuals’ perspectives related to LBP. This understanding has the potential to assist with developing more effective and personalized models of care to improve outcomes in those with LBP.

Tujuan penelitian ini menentukan penanggulangan banjir di DAS Landak bagian hulu Sungai Landak melintasi tiga kabupaten/kota yakni Kabupaten Landak, Kabupaten Kubu Raya dan Kota Pontianak. Penelitian ini diharapkan dapat bermanfaat dalam menentukan kebijakan penanggulangan banjir apabila dana yang tersedia terbatas. Lokasi studi ini terletak di DAS Landak Bagian Hulu dalam Wilayah Kerja Administrasi Kecamatan Kuala Behe, Kabupaten Landak, Provinsi Kalimantan Barat. Penelitian yang digunakan adalah eksplanatori (explanatory research), dan pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui kuesioner. Penelitian ini menggunakan analisis SEM (Structural Equation Model) yang didasarkan pada evaluasi atas adanya hubungan saling ketergantungan antar variabel. Uji Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA), digunakan untuk menguji unidimensional validitas dan reliabilitas model pengukuran konstruk yang tidak dapat diukur langsung. CFA memiliki 2 tujuan utama yaitu mengukur indikator-indikator yang dikonsepsikan secara unidimensional, tepat, dan konsisten juga indikator-indikator yang dominan membentuk konstruk yang diteliti. Berdasarkan jawaban responden terhadap variabel pemerintah diperoleh nilai rata-rata 4,07, dimana nilai tersebut masuk dalam kategori tinggi. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa responden memiliki penilaian yang baik terhadap variabel pemerintah terkait dalam penanganan masalah banjir dan masyarakat pemukiman sekitar bagian hulu DAS Landak. Terdapat satu indikator yang lebih rendah dari indikator lainnya, yaitu Indikator X1.8 (Retarding basin) pada dimensi structural dengan nilai rata-rata 0,533. Sedangkan nilai indikator yang paling tinggi berada pada indikator X2.2 (Rumah panggung) untuk dimensi structural dengan nilai rata-rata sebesar 0,863. Upaya penanggulangan banjir berdasarkan nilai standardized regression weights adalah dengan dimensi structural yaitu membuat rumah panggung dengan nilai estimasi sebesar 0,863.

Bahasa merupakan sistem lambang bunyi arbitrer, yang digunakan oleh masyarakat untuk berkomunikasi. Bahasa Mandarin menduduki peringkat pertama bahasa yang paling banyak digunakan menurut survei dari Nationalencyklopedin, dan bahasa Mandarin menggunakan huruf yang disebut dengan Hanzi. Manusia memiliki berbagai cara dalam berkomunikasi, salah satunya dengan tulisan. Perangkat lunak dapat mengenali tulisan melalui gambar dengan menerapkan Pengolahan Citra Digital. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membangun aplikasi yang dapat mendeteksi Hanzi Mandarin dengan menerapkan Pengolahan Citra Digital. Pengolahan Citra Digital merujuk pada pemrosesan gambar dua dimensi dengan menggunakan komputer. Metode Pengolahan Citra dengan Stroke Extraction dan Template Matching diimplementasikan sebagai solusi masalah. Stroke Extraction digunakan untuk melakukan ekstraksi goresan dasar (pi hua) pada citra Hanzi Mandarin dan kemudian dikenali dengan menggunakan Template Matching. Aplikasi diuji dengan Receiver Operating Characteristic sehingga didapat digambarkan sebuah kurva yang dapat membantu proses analisis. Berdasarkan kurva ROC yang tergambarkan metode Stroke Extraction masih perlu pengembangan karena rendahnya tingkat keberhasilan dalam menghitung goresan. Aplikasi yang dibangun berhasil melakukan ekstraksi Hanzi Mandarin tulisan tangan maupun cetak, dan diterjemahkan ke bahasa Indonesia dengan tingkat akurasi 76,47%. Disimpulkan bahwa metode Stroke Extraction dan Template Matching cukup efisien dalam memproses citra digital Hanzi Mandarin untuk diterjemahkan ke tulisan bahasa Indonesia.

Background and ObjectivesSleep disturbance is often associated with migraine. However, there is a paucity of research investigating objective and subjective measures of sleep in patients with migraine. This meta-analysis aims to determine whether there are differences in subjective sleep quality measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and objective sleep architecture measured using polysomnography (PSG) between adult and pediatric patients and healthy controls.MethodsThis review was preregistered on PROSPERO (CRD42020209325). A systematic search of 5 databases (Embase, MEDLINE, Global Health, APA PsycINFO, and APA PsycArticles, last searched on December 17, 2020) was conducted to find case–control studies that measured PSG or PSQI in patients with migraine. Pregnant participants and those with other headache disorders were excluded. Effect sizes (Hedges g) were entered into a random effects model meta-analysis. Study quality was evaluated with the Newcastle Ottawa Scale and publication bias with the Egger regression test.ResultsThirty-two studies were eligible, of which 21 measured PSQI or Migraine Disability Assessment Test in adults, 6 measured PSG in adults, and 5 measured PSG in children. The overall mean study quality score was 5/9; this did not moderate any of the results and there was no risk of publication bias. Overall, adults with migraine had higher PSQI scores than healthy controls (g = 0.75, p < 0.001, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.54–0.96). This effect was larger in those with a chronic rather than episodic condition (g = 1.03, p < 0.001, 95% CI 0.37–1.01; g = 0.63, p < 0.001, 95% CI 0.38–0.88, respectively). For polysomnographic studies, adults and children with migraine displayed a lower percentage of rapid eye movement sleep (g = −0.22, p = 0.017, 95% CI −0.41 to −0.04; g = −0.71, p = 0.025, 95% CI −1.34 to −0.10, respectively) than controls. Pediatric patients displayed less total sleep time (g = −1.37, p = 0.039, 95% CI −2.66 to −0.10), more wake (g = 0.52, p < 0.001, 95% CI 0.08–0.79), and shorter sleep onset latency (g = −0.37, p < 0.001, 95% CI −0.54 to −0.21) than controls.DiscussionPeople with migraine have significantly poorer subjective sleep quality and altered sleep architecture compared to healthy individuals. Further longitudinal empirical studies are required to enhance our understanding of this relationship.

Three spare modules of the ATLAS Tile Calorimeter were exposed to test beams from the Super Proton Synchrotron accelerator at CERN in 2017. The detector's measurements of the energy response and resolution to positive pions and kaons, and protons with energies ranging from 16 to 30 GeV are reported. The results have uncertainties of a few percent. They were compared to the predictions of the Geant4-based simulation program used in ATLAS to estimate the response of the detector to proton-proton events at the Large Hadron Collider. The determinations obtained using experimental and simulated data agree within the uncertainties.