Search

Your search keyword '"Robbins, Jacob"' showing total 366 results
Start Over Author "Robbins, Jacob"
366 results on '"Robbins, Jacob"'

4. An algebraic method for constructing stable and consistent autoregressive filters

Author

Harlim, John, Hong, Hoon, and Robbins, Jacob L.

Subjects
Statistics - Methodology, Mathematics - Algebraic Geometry, Mathematics - Numerical Analysis
Abstract

In this paper, we introduce an algebraic method to construct stable and consistent univariate autoregressive (AR) models of low order for filtering and predicting nonlinear turbulent signals with memory depth. By stable, we refer to the classical stability condition for the AR model. By consistent, we refer to the classical consistency constraints of Adams-Bashforth methods of order-two. One attractive feature of this algebraic method is that the model parameters can be obtained without directly knowing any training data set as opposed to many standard, regression-based parameterization methods. It takes only long-time average statistics as inputs. The proposed method provides a discretization time step interval which guarantees the existence of stable and consistent AR model and simultaneously produces the parameters for the AR models. In our numerical examples with two chaotic time series with different characteristics of decaying time scales, we find that the proposed AR models produce significantly more accurate short-term predictive skill and comparable filtering skill relative to the linear regression-based AR models. These encouraging results are robust across wide ranges of discretization times, observation times, and observation noise variances. Finally, we also find that the proposed model produces an improved short-time prediction relative to the linear regression-based AR-models in forecasting a data set that characterizes the variability of the Madden-Julian Oscillation, a dominant tropical atmospheric wave pattern., Comment: 10 figures

Published
2014
Full Text
View/download PDF

8. A Cohort Study of Thyroid Cancer and Other Thyroid Diseases after the Chornobyl Accident: Objectives, Design and Methods

Author

Stezhko, Valentin A., Buglova, Elena E., Danilova, Larissa I., Drozd, Valentina M., Krysenko, Nikolaj A., Lesnikova, Nadia R., Minenko, Victor F., Ostapenko, Vladislav A., Petrenko, Sergey V., Polyanskaya, Olga N., Rzheutski, Valery A., Tronko, Mykola D., Bobylyova, Olga O., Bogdanova, Tetyana I., Ephstein, Ovsiy V., Kairo, Iryna A., Kostin, Olexander V., Likhtarev, Ilya A., Markov, Valentin V., Oliynik, Valery A., Shpak, Viktor M., Tereshchenko, Valerity P., Zamotayeva, Galina A., Beebe, Gilbert W., Bouville, Andre C., Brill, Aaron B., Burch, John D., Fink, Daniel J., Greenebaum, Ellen, Howe, Geoffrey R., Luckyanov, Nickolas K., Masnyk, Ihor J., McConnell, Robert J., Robbins, Jacob, Thomas, Terry L., Voillequé, Paul G., and Zablotska, Lydia B.

Published
2004

9. Subclinical Hypothyroidism after Radioiodine Exposure: Ukrainian–American Cohort Study of Thyroid Cancer and Other Thyroid Diseases after the Chornobyl Accident (1998–2000)

Author

Ostroumova, Evgenia, Brenner, Alina, Oliynyk, Valery, McConnell, Robert, Robbins, Jacob, Terekhova, Galina, Zablotska, Lydia, Likhtarev, Ilya, Bouville, Andre, Shpak, Viktor, Markov, Valentin, Masnyk, Ihor, Ron, Elaine, Tronko, Mykola, and Hatch, Maureen

Subjects
Clinical Research, Biodefense, Vaccine Related, Prevention, Metabolic and endocrine, Adolescent, Adult, Age Distribution, Chernobyl Nuclear Accident, Child, Cohort Studies, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Hypothyroidism, Iodine Radioisotopes, Male, Sex Distribution, Thyroid Diseases, Thyroid Neoplasms, Young Adult, Chernobyl nuclear accident, Chornobyl, dose–response relationship, hypothyroidism, ionizing radiation, Environmental Sciences, Medical and Health Sciences, Toxicology
Abstract

BackgroundHypothyroidism is the most common thyroid abnormality in patients treated with high doses of iodine-131 (131I). Data on risk of hypothyroidism from low to moderate 131I thyroid doses are limited and inconsistent.ObjectiveThis study was conducted to quantify the risk of hypothyroidism prevalence in relation to 131I doses received because of the Chornobyl accident.MethodsThis is a cross-sectional (1998-2000) screening study of thyroid diseases in a cohort of 11,853 individuals < 18 years of age at the time of the accident, with individual thyroid radioactivity measurements taken within 2 months of the accident. We measured thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine, and antibodies to thyroid peroxidase (ATPO) in serum.ResultsMean age at examination of the analysis cohort was 21.6 years (range, 12.2-32.5 years), with 49% females. Mean 131I thyroid dose was 0.79 Gy (range, 0-40.7 Gy). There were 719 cases with hypothyroidism (TSH > 4 mIU/L), including 14 with overt hypothyroidism. We found a significant, small association between (131)I thyroid doses and prevalent hypothyroidism, with the excess odds ratio (EOR) per gray of 0.10 (95% confidence interval, 0.03-0.21). EOR per gray was higher in individuals with ATPO < or = 60 U/mL compared with individuals with ATPO > 60 U/mL (p < 0.001).ConclusionsThis is the first study to find a significant relationship between prevalence of hypothyroidism and individual (131)I thyroid doses due to environmental exposure. The radiation increase in hypothyroidism was small (10% per Gy) and limited largely to subclinical hypothyroidism. Prospective data are needed to evaluate the dynamics of radiation-related hypothyroidism and clarify the role of antithyroid antibodies.

Published
2009

10. Chernobyl-Related Thyroid Cancer in Children of Belarus: A Case-Control Study

Author

Astakhova, Larisa N., Anspaugh, Lynn R., Beebe, Gilbert W., Bouville, André, Drozdovitch, Vladimir V., Garber, Vera, Gavrilin, Yuri I., Khrouch, Valeri T., Kuvshinnikov, Arthur V., Kuzmenkov, Yuri N., Minenko, Victor P., Moschik, Konstantin V., Nalivko, Alexander S., Robbins, Jacob, Shemiakina, Elena V., Shinkarev, Sergei, Tochitskaya, Svetlana I., and Waclawiw, Myron A.

Published
1998
Full Text
View/download PDF

18. Pay for performance in Medicaid: evidence from three natural experiments

Author

Rosenthal, Meredith B., Landrum, Mary Beth, Robbins, Jacob A., and Schneider, Eric C.

Subjects
Employee performance -- Analysis, Medicaid -- Analysis, Medical care -- Quality management, Business, Health care industry
Abstract

Objective. To examine the impact of pay for performance in Medicaid on the quality and utilization of care. Data Sources. Medicaid claims and encounter data in three intervention states (Pennsylvania, Minnesota, and Alabama) and three comparison states. Study Design. Difference-in-difference analysis with propensity score-matched comparison group. Primary outcomes of interest were Healthcare Effectiveness Data and Information Set (HEDIS)-like process measures of quality, utilization by service category, and ambulatory care-sensitive admissions and emergency department visits. Principal Findings. In Pennsylvania, there was a statistically significant reduction of 88 ambulatory visits per 1,000 enrollee months compared with Florida. In Minnesota, there was a significant decrease of 7.2 hospital admissions per thousand enrollee months compared with Wisconsin. In Alabama, where incentives were not paid out until the end of a 2-year waiver period, there was a decline of 1.6 hospital admissions per thousand member months, and an increase of 59 ambulatory visits per 1,000 enrollees compared with Georgia. No significant quality improvements in intervention relative to control states. Conclusions. Our findings are mixed, with no measurable quality improvements across the three states, but reductions in hospital admissions in two programs. As states move to value-based payment for patient-centered medical homes and Accountable Care Organizations, lessons learned from these pioneering states should inform program design. Key Words. Pay for performance, Medicaid, value-based purchasing in provider relationships, shared savings, Pay-for-performance (P4P) programs for health care providers are now widely implemented in the hope of improving the quality of care and, increasingly, to control costs. The Affordable Care Act of [...]

Published
2016
Full Text
View/download PDF

26. A Cohort Study of Thyroid Cancer and Other Thyroid Diseases after the Chornobyl Accident: Dose-Response Analysis of Thyroid Follicular Adenomas Detected during First Screening in Ukraine (1998–2000)

Author

Zablotska, Lydia B., Bogdanova, Tetyana I., Ron, Elaine, Epstein, Ovsiy V., Robbins, Jacob, Likhtarev, Illya A., Hatch, Maureen, Markov, Valentyn V., Bouville, Andre C., Olijnyk, Valery A., McConnell, Robert J., Shpak, Victor M., Brenner, Alina, Terekhova, Galina N., Greenebaum, Ellen, Tereshchenko, Valery P., Fink, Daniel J., Brill, Aaron B., Zamotayeva, Galina A., Masnyk, Ihor J., Howe, Geoffrey R., and Tronko, Mykola D.

Published
2008

29. Factors associated with elevated serum concentrations of anti-TPO antibodies in subjects with and without diffuse goitre. Results from the Ukrainian–American Cohort Study of Thyroid Cancer and Other Thyroid Diseases Following the Chornobyl Accident

Author

McConnell, Robert J., Brenner, Alina V., Oliynyk, Valery A., Robbins, Jacob, Terekhova, Galyna M., Fink, Daniel J., Epshtein, Ovsiy V., Hatch, Maureen, Shpak, Victor M., Brill, A. Bertrand, Shelkovoy, Yevgeniy A., Zablotska, Lydia B., Masnyk, Ihor J., Howe, Geoffrey R., and Tronko, Mykola D.

Published
2007

31. A Cohort Study of Thyroid Cancer and Other Thyroid Diseases After the Chornobyl Accident: Thyroid Cancer in Ukraine Detected During First Screening

Author

Tronko, Mykola D., Howe, Geoffrey R., Bogdanova, Tetyana I., Bouville, Andre C., Epstein, Ovsiy V., Brill, Aaron B., Likhtarev, Illya A., Fink, Daniel J., Markov, Valentyn V., Greenebaum, Ellen, Olijnyk, Valery A., Masnyk, Ihor J., Shpak, Victor M., McConnell, Robert J., Tereshchenko, Valery P., Robbins, Jacob, Zvinchuk, Oleksandr V., Zablotska, Lydia B., Hatch, Maureen, Luckyanov, Nickolas K., Ron, Elaine, Thomas, Terry L., Voillequé, Paul G., and Beebe, Gilbert W.

Published
2006

37. Comparison of Administration of Recombinant Human Thyrotropin with Withdrawal of Thyroid Hormone for Radioactive Iodine Scanning in Patients with Thyroid Carcinoma

Author

Ladenson, Paul W., Braverman, Lewis E., Mazzaferri, Ernest L., Brucker-Davis, Francoise, Cooper, David S., Garber, Jeffrey R., Wondisford, Fredric E., Davies, Terry F., DeGroot, Leslie J., Daniels, Gilbert H., Ross, Douglas S., Weintraub, Bruce D., Hay, Ian D., Levis, Silvina, Reynolds, James C., Robbins, Jacob, Becker, David V., Cavalieri, Ralph R., Maxon, Harry R., McEllin, Kevin, and Moscicki, Richard

Published
1997
Full Text
View/download PDF

38. Prospective multicenter study of thyroid carcinoma treatment: initial analysis of staging and outcome

Author

Sherman, Steven I., Brierley, James D., Sperling, Matthew, Ain, Kenneth B., Bigos, S. Thomas, Cooper, David S., Haugen, Bryan R., Ho, Mona, Klein, Irwin, Ladenson, Paul W., Robbins, Jacob, Ross, Douglas S., Specker, Bonny, Taylor, Terry, and Maxon, Harry R., III

Subjects
Thyroid cancer -- Prognosis, Tumor staging -- Research, Registries (in medicine) -- Analysis, Health
Published
1998

46. Motivation genom sponsring : En studie som utvärderar sponsringens möjligheter till ökad motivation bland personalen i en organisation

Author

Robbins, Jacob and Hansson, Simon

Subjects
Internal marketing, Sponsorship, Sponsring, Motivation, Intern marknadsföring, Organisationskultur, Organizational culture
Abstract

Sponsring är ett utbyte och en marknadsföringsmetod som används av allt fler organisationer. Med syftet att påverka personalen i en organisation är sponsring en relativt oanvänd metod för marknadsföring. Trots detta så påverkar sponsring personalen oavsett organisationens målsättning med sponsring. Syftet med studien är att utvärdera om sponsring fungerar som ett verktyg för motivation i en specifik organisation, sedan utvärderas hur sponsring bidrar till motivation. För att besvara syftet genomfördes en kvantitativ studie i form av en enkätundersökning. Denna genomfördes hos vårt studieobjekt Länsförsäkringar i Gävleborg. Analysen av den insamlade datan har genomförts med stöd av den teoretiska referensramen. Resultatet av studien visar att sponsring kan användas till att motivera personalen på Länsförsäkringar. Dock så är organisationens nuvarande sponsring något som inte tydligt motiverar personalen. Länsförsäkringar vill med sin sponsring bidra till samhället och på så sätt skapa engagemang och stolthet bland personalen. Sponsring får personalen att känna stolthet men däremot inget tydligt engagemang. Länsförsäkringar är bra på att informera personalen om sponsring, däremot så är organisationen inte lika bra på att lyssna till personalens värderingar kring sponsring. Det bristande engagemanget skulle då kunna bero på att personalen inte får tycka till om organisationens sponsring. Sponsorship is an exchange and a marketing method that is used by more and more organizations. With the aim to influence the staff of an organization is sponsoring a relatively unused method of marketing. Despite this, sponsorship affects the staff regardless of the organization's goal of sponsoring. The purpose of this study is to evaluate if sponsorship serves as a motivational tool in a specific organization, then evaluate how the sponsorship contributes to motivation. To answer the purpose we conducted a quantitative study in the form of a questionnaire. The questionnaire was done at our research object, Länsförsäkringar Gävleborg. The analysis of the collected data was carried out with the support of the theoretical framework. The results of the study show that sponsorship can be used to motivate staff at Länsförsäkringar. However, the organization's current sponsorship is not clearly motivating their staff. Länsförsäkringar wants with its sponsorship to contribute to society and thus create commitment and pride among the staff. Sponsorship get staff to feel proud but no clear commitment. Länsförsäkringar is good at informing staff about sponsorship, however, the organization is not as good at listening to staff's values regarding sponsorship. The lack of commitment could then be due to staff being unable to speak up on the organization's sponsorship.

Published
2015

49. A Model of Secular Stagnation: Theory and Quantitative Evaluation.

Author

Eggertsson, Gauti B., Mehrotra, Neil R., and Robbins, Jacob A.

Subjects
STAGNATION (Economics), INTEREST (Finance), MONETARY policy, KEYNESIAN economics, BUSINESS cycles
Abstract

This paper formalizes and quantifies the secular stagnation hypothesis, defined as a persistently low or negative natural rate of interest leading to a chronically binding zero lower bound (ZLB). Output-inflation dynamics and policy prescriptions are fundamentally different from those in the standard New Keynesian framework. Using a 56-period quantitative life cycle model, a standard calibration to US data delivers a natural rate ranging from -1:5% to -2%, implying an elevated risk of ZLB episodes for the foreseeable future. We decompose the contribution of demographic and technological factors to the decline in interest rates since 1970 and quantify changes required to restore higher rates. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results