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Environmental competencies are defined as a set of skills, knowledge, attitudes, and values that individuals put into play indifferent contexts and that are achieved through Environmental Education. These are divided into environmental knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors. The aim of the research is to evaluate environmental skills of students and professors at the Escuela Politécnica Nacional (EPN) of Ecuador through a mixed, qualitative, and quantitative approach, for which the questionnaire proposed by Álvarez García (2015; 2017) was adapted and applied. The combination of both approaches and the descriptive statistical analysis made it possible to propose management strategies that allow increasing environmental competencies for the specific context. It was determined that the methodological competencies and that the issues with the least evaluation are those of attitude and collective behavior, provoking the reflection that individual and small actions count in aspects of environmental sustainability, but coordinated solutions are also required at all levels., Las competencias ambientales se definen como un conjunto de habilidades, conocimientos, actitudes y valores que los individuos ponen en juego en diferentes contextos y que son conseguidos mediante la Educación Ambiental, estas se dividen en conocimientos, actitudes y comportamientos ambientales. La investigación pretende evaluar las competencias ambientales de los estudiantes y los profesores de la EscuelaPolitécnica Nacional –EPN, bajo un enfoque mixto, cualitativo y cuantitativo, para ello se adaptó y aplicó el cuestionario propuesto por Álvarez García (2015; 2017). La combinación de ambos enfoques y el análisis estadístico descriptivo permitieron proponer estrategias de gestión que permitan incrementar las competencias ambientales para el contexto específico. Se determinó que las competencias metodológicas y que los temas con menor evaluación son los de actitud y comportamiento colectivo, provocando la reflexión de que las acciones individuales y pequeñas cuentan en aspectos de sostenibilidad ambiental, pero también se precisan soluciones coordinadas en todos los niveles.

The work aims to study the High-Growth Companies (HGF) of the ICT sector in Quito-Ecuador and contribute to improve the understanding of the behavior of HGFs in the LATAM region by presenting empirical evidence. A tripod approach is used focusing on the Resource-based view with the test of 7 hypotheses over a case study. In addition, a contextualized survey for the case was carried out to cover both the Institution and the Industrial based view. A multivariate analysis was performed to explore what factors allow us to understand the high-growth behavior. The results show that 4 of the 7 hypotheses were accepted. The correlations between profitability, leverage, liquidity, innovation, and sales growth are relatively "low" but "statistically significant." An explanation is given according to the theoretical framework built. Otherwise, factors such as: solvency, infrastructure (machinery and equipment), exports “did not present statistically significant correlation”.

The purpose of this paper is to show the application of a new methodology approach to diagnose the impact of management of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) with the reference frame ISO/IEC 38500 inside the organizations. It is based on the government's analysis of organization’s technological resource management, being the strategic axis part of business strategic planning and its ICT Governance, effectiveness and efficiency, and the value of ICT for its guidelines and the risks involved in its development to optimize the use of organization’s resources. In the first stage, a documentary research was carried out as an essential part of this study and an interview with an expert; Then a tool (questionnaire) was designed to collect, measure and evaluate data on aspects and components of the ISO/IEC 38500 standard. A case study of Ecuadorian retail organization was carried out. Once the information was processed, the respective indicators were obtained that helped to identify current status of ICT governance processes of the organization. With the obtained indicators we could see which principles are the ones that characterize this sector, in which they put the greatest amount of resources; be they human or financial. It was also evident that the two dimensions on which the study was based on have very different results, since emphasis was placed on what corresponds.

E-government for Sustainable Development is one of international cooperation strategy in dealing with environmental protection and ecological problems through enhanced citizen participation, better access and quality of services in order to achieve Green Governments. In this context, some countries are supported by international assistance to achieve this goal with benchmarking and benchlearning approaches. This research contributes to explain the relationship between improvements in governance influences in economic, social and environmental development and how such regional cooperation on the development of national information and communication technology (ICT) strategies and programs is related to E-government and Sustainable Development. This comparative study of Andean countries takes a Rational Neo-institutionalist perspective to look at longitudinal changes in these developing countries. Quantitative data such as E-government index is combined with qualitative information from reports and documents in order to empirically examine effects of e-government on sustainable development in these countries. The findings show that the strategies adopted by Ecuador have significantly contributed to its location within the references in progress of Egovernment and Sustainable Development in the region. The research suggests that E-government development has positive effects on better governance and sustainable development of Andeans countries. Advancement on E-government is not only a trait of developed countries but also serves as an enabler for sustainable development of developing countries.

El desarrollo de un país se sustenta en varios factores, uno de los más importantes, su tejido productivo, el cual está fundamentado en las ventajas competitivas generadas mediante actos de innovación. Siguiendo la metodología propuesta por el Manual de Oslo [1] y por Camio et al. [2] para la recolección e interpretación de información referente a innovación, el presente estudio se embarcó en la propuesta de un modelo y herramienta para medir la innovación dentro de las organizaciones ecuatorianas. El modelo propuesto de “Capacidades, Resultados e Impacto” (CRI) para la medición de la innovación permite contrastar y caracterizar los procesos de innovación dentro de las organizaciones, manifestando que las mismas deben edificar un conjunto de capacidades para generar resultados, los mismos que finalmente deben reflejarse en impactos palpables para la organización. A partir de lo anterior, se diseñó una herramienta que permite identificar el nivel de innovación en los sectores productivos ecuatorianos., The development of a country is based on several factors. One of the most important is its productive fabric, which is based on the competitive advantages generated by acts of innovation in organizations. Following the methodology proposed by Oslo Manual [1] and by Camio et al [2] to collect and interpret the information regarding innovation, the present study embarked on the proposal of a model and a tool to measure the innovation within Ecuadorian organiza-tions. The proposed model "Capacities, Results and Impact" (CRI) for innovation measurement allows to contrast and characterize the processes of innovation within organizations, stating that they must build a set of capacities to generate results which should ulti-mately be reflected in tangible impacts to the organi-zation. From the above, a tool was designed to identi-fy the level of innovation in Ecuadorian productive sector.

The technological transformation in telecommunica-tion sector is oriented to satisfy the demand of the users in the market. The business portfolio (mix of products and services) offered by cellular operators depends on several factors, which have limitations and, in other cases, have competitive advantages that establish a marked difference between operators, making them attractive to the market.In this paper the business portfolio offered by the three mobile opera-tors present in Ecuador was defined through the methodology of the Boston Consulting Group and its BCG matrix, which offers solutions through informa-tion and communication technologies (ICT).The analysis made it possible to detect the factors and the main incidences that are registered in the products and services offered by cellular operators to their cellular network customers in Ecuador within the study period, La transformación tecnológica en el sector de las telecomunicaciones está orientada a satisfacer la demanda de los usuarios en el mercado. El portafolio de negocio (mezcla entre productos y servicios) que ofertan las operadoras celulares es dependiente de varios factores, los cuales presentan limitaciones y en otros casos son ventajas competitivas que establecen una marcada diferencia entre operadoras, logrando convertirse en atractivos para el mercado. En este trabajo se definió el portafolio de negocio ofertado por las tres operadoras de telefonía móvil presentes en Ecuador a través de la metodología de la Boston ConsultingGroup y su matriz BCG, mismos que ofrecen soluciones a través de tecnologías de la información y comunicación (TIC). El análisis realizado ha permitido detectar los factores y las principales incidencias que se registran en los productos y servicios ofertados por las telefonicas a sus clientes de red celular en Ecuador en el periodo de estudio.

The value congruence describes the relationship between organizational and individual values, which may differ depending on the sector of the organiza-tion. The aim of this research was to identify the dif-ferences between organizations in various sectors based on their congruence of values. The sample was 1227 workers from seven Ecuadorian organizations. As a result, we found statistically significant differ-ences between private and public organizations, as well as between private and mixed organizations. At the same time, there were differences between the correlations according to value congruence variables in the three sectors. We can say that in order to un-derstand cultural dynamics, the sector to which these organizations belong is fundamental because it will have an impact on how much people are identified with their organization and, therefore, on the conse-quences of this relationship at the level of involve-ment, motivation and job satisfaction., La congruencia de valores indica la relación entre valores organizacionales e individuales, lo que puede diferir en función del sector de la organización que se estudia. Esta investigación tuvo por objetivo identificar las diferencias entre organizaciones de varios sectores en función de la congruencia de valores. La muestra estuvo conformada por 1227 trabajadores de siete organizaciones ecuatorianas. Como resultado se obtuvo la existencia de diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre organizaciones privadas y públicas, así como entre privadas y mixtas. Al mismo tiempo, hubo diferencias entre las correlaciones de la congruencia de valores en los tres sectores. Podemos afirmar que para entender las dinámicas culturales, el tipo de sector al que pertenecen estas organizaciones resulta fundamental pues va a tener un impacto en cuánto se identifican las personas con su organización y, por tanto, en las consecuencias de esta relación a nivel de implicación, motivación y satisfacción con el trabajo.

Decomposition Analysis (DA) is widely applied in understanding changes of economical, technological, environmental, and different indicators as energy consumption, employment and other socio-economic indicators. This work discusses the DA methodology and is applied within Ecuadorian case. We present the used technique, the applied mathematical methodology and the construction of an appropriate identity to measure the change of CO2 emission in Ecuador during the period of 1980-2025. Change is measured in both macro and disaggregated sectorial level. Specific aspects related to the application of DA to both the historical period (1980-2010) and in medium term prevision (2011-2025) for four proposed macro scenarios are discussed. The findings show that the evolution of the BS scenario, which implies a trend-growth GDP scenario, is almost a flat curve, however the CO2 emission increases steadily because of the absence of attenuation measurements. A similar behavior, although slightly sloping down, is observed for SC-2 scenario, where a rapid growth of the GDP is assumed without any attenuation action regarding to CO2 emissions. The other two scenarios, SC-3 and SC-4 show a steady reduction of the Dtot = Dact ratio due to the changes in the sectorial structure and in the energy mix, which allows compensation of rapid GDP growth. This analysis suggests that, with the appropriate changes in the energy mix, the sectorial structure, and the share of renewable energies, Ecuador can move into a more environmentally sustainable state.

E-government for Sustainable Development is one of international cooperation strategy in dealing with environmental protection and ecological problems through enhanced citizen participation, better access and quality of services in order to achieve Green Governments. In this context, some countries are supported by international assistance to achieve this goal with benchmarking and benchlearning approaches. This research contributes to explain the relationship between improvements in governance influences in economic, social and environmental development and how such regional cooperation on the development of national information and communication technology (ICT) strategies and programs is related to E-government and Sustainable Development. This comparative study of Andean countries takes a Rational Neo-institutionalist perspective to look at longitudinal changes in these developing countries. Quantitative data such as E-government index is combined with qualitative information from reports and documents in order to empirically examine effects of e-government on sustainable development in these countries. The findings show that the strategies adopted by Ecuador have significantly contributed to its location within the references in progress of E-government and Sustainable Development in the region. The research suggests that E-government development has positive effects on better governance and sustainable development of Andeans countries. Advancement on E-government is not only a trait of developed countries but also serves as an enabler for sustainable development of developing countries.