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Objective(s): Skin aging is a degenerative process that can be induced by UV irradiation. UV radiation can produce reactive oxidate stress which causes premature aging. This study aims to examine the antiaging potential of secretome gel (SC) from human Wharton Jelly Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hWJ-MSCs) in a UVB-induced mice model. Materials and Methods: The secretome was obtained from hWJ-MSCs and made in gel form. Male mice were radiated by UVB for 15 min twice daily for 14 days. The gel was topically applied to the mice’s dorsal skin. Two treatments of secretome gel: secretome 1 is applied once and secretome 2 is applied twice daily after UVB radiation. TGF-β1, IL-10, and IL-18 gene expression was determined using RT-PCR. Hematoxylin Eosin staining was used to observe the inflammation and collagen density of skin tissue. An immunohistochemistry assay was used to analyze the protein expression of P53, COL4A1, MMP-2, and MMP-13. The data were statistically analyzed using the ANOVA test followed by the Tukey post hoc test (P

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a long-term condition marked by high blood glucose levels caused by insulin resistance which will lead to complications of other diseases such as dyslipidemia which also affects the health of the liver and kidneys. Butterfly Pea Flower (Clitorea ternatea L.) has phenolic and flavonoid compounds which have the potential as herbal medicines for antidiabetics. Aim: The purpose of this study is to examine the potential of Butterfly Pea Flower Extract (BPE) as an antidiabetic, anti-dyslipidemia, and renoprotection. Methods: In vivo test was performed on Sprague Dawley rats (Rattus norvegicus L.) induced by Streptozotocin-Nicotinamide and High Fat Diet-Propylthiouracil as models of DM and dyslipidemia, and BPE was administered orally (200, 400, and 800 mg /kg BW) for 28 days. GSH-Px, GST, TNF-α, NF-kB, ALP, liver albumin levels, serum BUN, SCr, and serum UA, were measured by ELISA and colorimetry methods. Results: Treatment of BPE 800 mg/kg BW increase levels of GSH-Px, GST, albumin, and serum protein. BPE decreases TNF-α, NF-kB, and ALP. BPE also decreases BUN, serum CR, and serum UA. Conclusion: BPE has the potential to be used as a drug alternative for the treatment of diabetes mellitus and dyslipidemia as well as a hepatoprotective and renoprotective agent. [Open Vet J 2024; 14(5.000): 1135-1145]

الملخص: أهداف البحث: متلازمة الضائقة التنفسية الحادة هي قصور رئوي ناتج عن السوائل ونقص الأكسجة في الدم. أظهرت الخلايا الجذعية الوسيطة القدرة على خفض مستويات الوسيط المؤيد للالتهابات والخلايا الالتهابية. لديهم أنشطة مضادة للالتهابات ومضادة للاستماتة ومضادة للميكروبات، فضلا عن القدرة على تجنب إصابات الرئة. قيم هذا البحث إمكانات هلام وارتون للخلايا الجذعية الوسيطة البشرية لتثبيط الالتهاب وموت الخلايا المبرمج في خلايا رئة الفئران التي يسببها عديد السكاريد الدهني. طريقة البحث: استخدم علاج هلام وارتون للخلايا الجذعية الوسيطة البشرية في خلايا الرئة الناتجة عن عديد السكاريد الدهني نسبا مختلفة من خلايا هلام وارتون للخلايا الجذعية الوسيطة البشرية و ''إل 2''- ، وهي 1:- 1- ، 1:- 5- ، 1:10 ، و 1:25. تم قياس التعبيرات الجينية للإنزيم المحول للأنجيوتنسين -2، ومستقبل المنتجات النهائية المتقدمة للجليكيشن، والعامل النووي كابا ب، و سي-اكس-سي عنصر كيموكين ليجيند - 9 باستخدام النسخ العكسي من تفاعل البوليميراز المتسلسل و تم قياس مستويات البروتين التفاعلي سي و انترلوكين-12 وعامل نخر الورم ألفا باستخدام طريقة تقنية الإليزا. النتائج: زاد هلام وارتون للخلايا الجذعية الوسيطة البشرية من إنزيم تحويل الأنجيوتنسين -2 وخفضت سي-اكس-سي عنصر كيموكين ليجيند-9، والعامل النووي كابا ب، ومستقبلات المنتجات النهائية المتقدمة للجليكيشن. كما أدى العلاج أيضا إلى تثبيط البروتين التفاعلي سي، و انترلوكين-12 وعامل نخر الورم ألفا وزيادة نسبة الخلايا الحية، ولكنه قلل من نسبة الخلايا الميتة والخلايا المبرمجة في خلايا رئة الفئران الالتهابية كنموذج خلايا متلازمة الضائقة التنفسية الحادة. الاستنتاجات: خففت الثقافة المشتركة لخلايا هلام وارتون للخلايا الجذعية الوسيطة البشرية و ''إل 2'' من الالتهاب من خلال زيادة التعبير الجيني للإنزيم المحول للأنجيوتنسين-2 مع تقليل تعبيرات الجين سي-اكس-سي عنصر كيموكين ليجيند-9 والعامل النووي كابا ب ومستقبلات المنتجات النهائية المتقدمة للجليكيشن؛ تقليل مستويات بروتين عامل نخر الورم ألفا والبروتين التفاعلي سي؛ وتقليل النخر والاستماتة المبكرة والمتأخرة بشكل أكثر فاعلية بنسبة 1: 1. Abstract: Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a type of lung failure caused by fluids and hypoxemia. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have been shown to decrease levels of pro-inflammatory mediators and inflammatory cells. These cells have anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, and anti-microbial activity, and protect against lung injury. Objective: This research evaluated the potential of human Wharton's jelly MSCs (hWJMSCs) to inhibit inflammation and apoptosis in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced rat lung cells (L2). Methods: hWJMSC treatment in LPS-induced rat lung cells was performed with 1:1, 1:5, 1:10, or 1:25 ratios of hWJMSCs to L2 cells. The gene expression of angiotensin-converting enzyme-2 (ACE-2), receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE), nuclear factor kappa B (NFκB), and C-X-C motif chemokine ligand-9 (CXCL-9) was quantified with RT-PCR, and the levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), interleukin-12 (IL-12), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were measured with ELISA. Results: hWJMSCs increased ACE-2 gene expression, and decreased CXCL-9, NFκB, and RAGE gene expression. The treatment also suppressed CRP, TNF-α, and IL-12 levels, and increased the percentage of live cells, but decreased the percentages of necrotic cells and apoptotic cells in inflammatory rat lung cells, which served as an ARDS cell model. Conclusion: Co-culture of hWJMSCs and L2 cells mitigated inflammation through increasing ACE-2 gene expression, and decreasing CXCL-9, NFκB, and RAGE gene expression; decreasing TNF-α and CRP protein levels; and decreasing necrosis, and early and late apoptosis. A co-culture ratio of 1:1 was most effective.

Continuous ultraviolet (UV) irradiation stimulates the over-production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to cause degenerative diseases. Chlorogenic acid (CA) is found as plants antioxidant that promises medicinal effects. This study examined CA protection against UV-damage in human skin fibroblast (BJ) cells both for curative and preventive therapy. BJ cells were exposed to UV radiation and the addition of CA (6.26-100 μg/mL) by preventive and curative addition methods. The cells viability analysis was conducted employing MTS (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxy-phenyl)- 2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium) assay. CA treatment before UV exposure exhibited an increased percentage of viability cells than the positive control. In detail, the series of CA concentration (6.25, 12.5, and 25 μg/mL) significantly enhanced the percentage of viable cells. The addition of CA after UV exposure denoted the same results. Furthermore, the lower CA concentrations used, the higher cell viability resulted. CA at dose 6.25 μg/mL showed the highest viability in cells, while CA 100 μg/mL resulted in the lowest viability. In short, CA can preserve and treat cells from UV exposure. The outcome suggested prevention and curative on UV-induced BJ cells, and the tested concentration is applicable for further experiments.

Context: The current study focuses on the acceptability of COVID-19 vaccines among parents of children aged 6-11 years, based on a review of the Health Belief Model (HBM) behavioral theory, Indonesia. Aims: To investigate the acceptability of COVID-19 vaccines among parents of children aged 6-11 years in Indonesia based on a review of the HBM behavioral theory. Methods: A national, cross-sectional was conducted in June-August 2022. The self-administered online questionnaire was distributed to a random sample of 400 parents. Results: A total of 400 participants completed the questionnaire, of whom 87.3% received vaccination for their 6–11 years old children. Participants who had adequate information about the COVID-19 vaccine (OR = 27.543; Cl 95% =3.514–215.901) were among the most amenable to vaccinating their children. The results indicated that the HBM construct explained 83.9% (R square = 0.839) of the acceptance of COVID-19 vaccination. However, there are still some parents who reject vaccines due to lack of information, on parental knowledge of vaccine adverse events, and sources of information used by parents, among others. Conclusions: Parents of children aged 6-11 years old in Indonesia are accepting to receive COVID-19 vaccinations. However, there are still some parents who refuse vaccines. The urge to act construct contributed significantly to the vaccine acceptance variable, and those who had received enough information about the COVID-19 vaccine were more amenable. Therefore, the government of the Republic of Indonesia’s efforts must be directed toward increasing parents’ vaccine awareness and tackling the constructs of the Health Belief Model through a well-designed vaccination campaign.

This study was conducted in order to ascertain how green tea extract (GTE) could affect inflammatory markers, including level of interleukin-(IL)-12, IL-18 of serum and lung, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, gene expression of NLR family-pyrin-domain containing 3 (NLRP3) of lung, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB), lung histopathology, and IL-6 expression of lung tissue in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated rats as ARDS animal model. Rats were given GTE at dosages of 0, 50, 400, 800 mg/kg of body weight for 28 days to boost their immune systems. The rats were then stimulated with LPS (5 g/kg of BW) and after that continued to receive GTE for 28 days. Levels of serum or lung IL-18, IL-12, TNF-α, were measured using the ELISA method; expression of lung NF-κB and NLRP3 was measured by qRT-PCR; immunohistochemistry (IHC) was implemented to assess lung IL-6 expression; and lung histopathology was evaluated through the bleeding, inflammation, and alveolus scores. GTE had the ability to lower serum IL-18, lung TNF-α, and lung IL-12 levels; suppress the lung gene expression of NF-κB, NLRP-3, IL-6 expression; and improve lung histopathology. Green tea extract inhibited inflammation in the ARDS rat model by decreasing the proinflammatory cytokine level and proinflammatory gene expression.

Background and purpose: Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is a chronic kidney failure, which may lead to fatality. Mesangial cell proliferation, renal inflammation, stress oxidative, and fibrosis are involved in DN progression. Yacon leaves (Smallanthus sonchifolius (Poepp.) H. Rob.) contains large amounts of phenolic compounds and it has the ability to inhibit oxidative stress, inflammation, and fibrosis. Considering the potential of yacon leaves extract (YLE), it may be used for DN treatment. This research aimed to elucidate YLE’s potential as anti-DN through anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antifibrosis mechanisms. Experimental approach: Mesangial cells were induced by glucose 20 mM for 5 days and treated with YLE concentrations as much as 5, 10, and 50 µg/mL. TGF-β1, TNF-α, and MDA levels were measured using the ELISA method. SMAD2, SMAD3, SMAD4, and SMAD7 gene expressions were analyzed using the qRT-PCR method. Findings/Results: YLE at 5, 10, and 50 µg/mL could reduce the levels of TGF-β1, TNF-α, and MDA compared with the DN cells model. YLE could reduce gene expressions of SMAD2, SMAD3, and SMAD4 and increase SMAD7 expression. Conclusion and implications: YLE potentially mitigated diabetic nephropathy through antifibrosis, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant capacities.

An antioxidant is a chemical compound that can bind free radicals in the body. Reactive oxidative species (ROS) is a reaction that involves oxygen. ROS consists of free radicals and non-radical ones. The imbalance between ROS and antioxidants can cause oxidative stress, one of the factors contributing to the development of numerous diseases. This study aims to evaluate the possible antioxidant activity of lengkuas extract (LE), which may be employed as a medicine component to reduce ROS. The method that used in this research were total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, 2,2 diphenyl 1 picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), NO scavenging, 2,2′-Azinobis(3-Ethylbenzthiazoline-6-Sulfonate) (ABTS), and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP). The result shows that the TPC of LE was 6.80 ± 0.34 (GAE) µg/mg with gallic acid standard and the TFC was 3.39 ± 0.06 µg/mg by quercetin standard. The IC50 value of LE were 121.20; 87.65; 139.94; 181.09 µg/ml by ABTS, DPPH, NO, and H2O2 assay respectively. The scavenging activity of LE was increased with a higher concentration in every method. In conclusion, Alpinia galanga has the potential as an antioxidant. Thus, it can be widely consumed or used as a mixture in medicine to reduce ROS.

This study aims to develop an e-worksheet on learning and teaching economics using the android educapps application. The method used was research and development through the ADDIE model. The data were collected through questionnaires, interviews, and documents. The implementation of the product trial was carried out at State Senior High School 2 Kendari with 50 students. The data obtained were analyzed qualitatively through the results of assessments from experts, the results of product trials and the use of t-tests on the assessment of the results of electronic worksheets that had been done by students during the large product test. The results of the product assessment showed that 89.14% of all aspects of the e-worksheet have been feasible, and this percentage was the very good category. The assessment of IT experts showed that aspects of software engineering and aspects of visual communication received a score of 79.94%. The results of the material expert assessment concluded that all aspects of content feasibility, presentation feasibility aspects and language assessment aspects received a score of 91.5%. Based on this assessment, the educapps application was declared eligible as an economics learning e-worksheet for class XI at State Senior High School 2 Kendari. The results of the study have implications for teachers' understanding of the development of e-worksheets and teaching materials that can be harmonized with technological developments so that learning can be in accordance with the needs of today's global education.

Several studies have suggested that "cytokine storms" are significant causes of the severity of COVID-19. Controlling and inhibiting the cytokine storm in COVID-19 could prevent the spread of COVID-19 and saves patient lives. Soybean (Glycine max L.) is known to have various biological activities. This study aims to examine bioactive compounds in SSE and the effect of SSE on the ARDS rats model. A total of 25 Sprague Dawley Lipopolysaccharide-induced rats were used. Determination of serum IL-1β, IL-12, and lung TNF-α levels was performed by ELISA method. NF-κB and IFN-γ expression were determined by the qRTPCR method. IL-6 expressions were analyzed by immunohistochemistry assay. The bleeding, inflammation, and alveolus collapse score were analyzed using the HE staining method. The results showed that SSE could decrease the level of IL-1β, IL-12, TNF-α, IL-6, NF-kB, and IFN-γ and improve the bleeding, inflammation, and alveolus score in the lung. SSE could decrease the pro-inflammatory cytokines and improve lung condition in ARDS rats model.

Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is hyperglycemic or elevated blood glucose level and deficiency of insulin level. DM treatment using synthetic drugs has several complexities, side effects. Reducing the side effects of synthetic drugs, the utilization of herbal medicines is increasingly in demand. Butterfly pea flower (Clitoria ternatea L.) extract (CTE) has pharmacological activities such as hepatoprotective, diuretic, antioxidant, antidiabetic, and anti-inflammatory activities. Objective: This research was conducted to evaluate antidiabetic potent of CTE in DM and dyslipidemia rats model. Methods: LC-MS/MS was used to analyze the CTE compounds. Rats were given high fat diet for 28 days followed by nicotinamide and streptozotocin for inducing DM rats model. DM and dyslipidemia rats model were given CTE at 200, 400, 800 mg/kg of BW, glibenclamide, and simvastatin for 28 days. The glucose and insulin levels on day 28 were measured after treatment of CTE. The CAT, SOD, MDA, IL-18 and protein of pancreas were measured. The glycogen gene expression in pancreas was measured using q-RTPCR method. The GSK-3β expression of liver, IL-6 expression of pancreas were analyzed using IHC method. The data were analyzed using ANOVA and then continued to be analyzed using Tukey’s HSD post-hoc test. Results: CTE increased level of pancreatic CAT, SOD and protein, reduced pancreatic MDA, IL-18 levels, glycogen gene expression of pancreas, GSK-3β protein expression of liver, and IL-6 protein expression of pancreas in DM and dyslipidemia rats. CTE improved liver histopathology, reduced serum glucose, and enhanced insulin levels. Conclusion: CTE has the potency for DM treatment, through antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory in DM and dyslipidemia rats.

Osteosarcoma is a highly malignant primary tumor on bone that mainly attacks children and young adolescents. Until now, osteosarcoma therapy still combines some high costs and invasive therapy modalities that may give side effects, such as pain and nausea. Our previous studies suggested that non-contact electric field has anti-proliferative effect on breast cancer cells, in vitro and in vivo. In this study, we were interested studying alternating current electric field effects on osteosarcoma cells progression as well as its potential cytotoxic effects. MG-63 human osteosarcoma cells were cultured and treated with 200 kHz for 6 days. Several genes of interest including p53, p21, MDM2, caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9 were analyzed using real-time qPCR method. Apoptotic index was measured using flow-cytometry assay. Apoptosis was observed through p53-independent p21 pathway (p = 0.011). Cells undergoing apoptosis through internal pathways were shown by the increase of caspase-3 (p = 0.015) and caspase-9 (p = 0.001) levels, but not caspase-8 (p = 0.080). This treatment has successfully reduced the number of living osteosarcoma cells by 14.7% (p = 0.000) and increased cell death up to 4.26% (p = 0.055). Apoptotic index was markedly increased to 16% (p = 0.001). 200 kHz non-contact electric field exposure can disrupt osteosarcoma progression through disruption of normal cell cycle via p53-independent p21 pathway and induction of apoptosis.

Management of School Principal Changes in Achieving National Education Standards at SDN 2 Uedele Tojo District Tojo Una-Una District. Elementary School Teacher Education Study Program, Department of Education, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Tadulako University. Advisor Dr. Rizal M.Pd. The problem in this study is about the Management of Change of School Principals in Achieving National Education Standards in SDN 2 Uedele Tojo District, Tojo Una-Una District. This type of research uses qualitative research with a descriptive approach, where the results of this study are described in the form of sentences and words. Bogdan and Taylor define qualitative research as research that produces descriptive data in the form of written or spoken words from people and observable behavior. This type of research is descriptive which aims to provide an overview of various problems based on the factors obtained from the object under study. The object of this research is the principal of SDN 2 Uedele and the location of this research is SDN 2 Uedele. The instrument used in this study was a questionnaire. The questionnaire used to find out how the management of school principal changes in achieving the national education standards at SDN 2 Uedele. The questionnaire consists of 15 questions using alternative answers, namely strongly agree (SS) = 4, agree (S) = 3, doubt (RG) = 2, disagree (TS) = 1. Based on research data and discussion of management changes in school principals in achieving national education standards at SDN 2 Uedele, it can be concluded that the change management of school principals in achieving national education standards is classified as "Good" criteria.

Objective: To evaluate the potential effect of human Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cells (hWJMSCs) on acute respiratory distress syndrome in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced rats. Methods: The hWJMSCs (5×104/mL, 5×105/mL, 5×106/mL) were administered to rats on day 1 and day 8 after being induced by LPS (5 mg/kg body weight). TNF-α levels in the lung and IL- 18 and IL-1β levels in the serum were measured using ELISA. In addition, caspase-1 expression in lung tissues was quantified using qRT-PCR, and NF-κB and IL-6 expressions were assessed using immunohistochemistry. Results: The hWJMSCs decreased TNF-α levels in the lung and plasma IL-18 and IL-1β levels. Moreover, the hWJMSCs downregulated the expressions of caspase-1, IL-6, and NF-κB in lung tissues. Conclusions: The hWJMSCs can decrease inflammatory markers of acute respiratory distress syndrome in a rat model and may be further investigated for the treatment of acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Marine fish have been decreasing in abundance over the last few decades due to environmental destruction and human exploitation. The aim of this study was to produce an inventory of the fish in Pusong Bay, Lhokseumawe City, Aceh Province, Indonesia by means of an exploratory survey of the area. The data was analysed descriptively using tables and graphs. A total of 71 species of fish were identified belonging to 54 genera, 37 families and 15 orders. Fish belonging to the Perciformes dominated the area with 33 species or 46.48% of the total number of fish identified. Based on the IUCN red list status, 62% of the species recorded in this study are categorized as of Least Concern, 35% Not Evaluated and 3% Data Deficient. Based on CITES, 71 species of the fish in Pusong Bay are categorized as Not Evaluated. Current data on these fish is important for future evaluations of their status.

Objective(s): Inflammation is thought to be the common pathophysiological basis for several disorders. Corilagin is one of the major active compounds which showed broad-spectrum biological and therapeutic activities, such as antitumor, hepatoprotective, anti-oxidant, and anti-inflammatory. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of corilagin in LPS-induced RAW264.7 cells.Materials and Methods: Anti-oxidant activities were examined by free radical scavenging of H2O2, NO, and *OH. The safe concentrations of corilagin on RAW264.7 were determined by MTS [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium] assay on RAW264.7 cell lines. The inflammation cells model was induced with LPS. The anti-inflammatory activities measured IL-6, TNF-α, NO, IL-1β, PGE-2, iNOS, and COX-2 levels using ELISA assay.Results: The results showed that corilagin had a significant inhibition activity dose-dependently in scavenging activities toward H2O2, *OH, and NO with IC50 values 76.85 µg/ml, 26.68 µg/ml, and 66.64 µg/ml, respectively. The anti-inflammatory activity of corilagin also showed a significant decrease toward IL-6, TNF-α, NO, IL-1β, PGE-2, iNOS, and COX-2 levels at the highest concentration (75 µM) compared with others concentration (50 and 25 µM) with the highest inhibition activities being 48.09%, 42.37%, 65.69%, 26.47%, 46.88%, 56.22%, 59.99%, respectively (P

Standar penilaian sekolah dasar di Kabupaten Donggala hanya berada pada level 2 mencapai 2.59 % (kategori rendah). Hal ini terjadi, karena penerapan keterampilan berpikir tingkat tinggi pada sekolah Dasar di Kabupaten Donggala khususnya Kecamatan Banawa tidak optimal. Sehingga penelitian dilakukan untuk mengungkapkan data kemampuan guru didalam melaksanakan penilaian pembelajaran berorientasi HOTS. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif dan kualitatif. Penelitian ini di laksanakan Sekolah Dasar Kecamatan Banawa, Kabupaten Donggala dengan penentuan sampel menggunakan purposive sampling. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan angket dan wawancara. Teknik analisis data yaitu pengumpulan data, reduksi data, penyajian data, dan verifikasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa dari 30 Sekolah Dasar yang ada di Kecamatan Banawa hanya 13 sekolah atau 45% yang telah mengenal dan memperoleh informasi tentang penilaian pembelajaran berorientasi HOTS. Disimpulkan bahwa (1) Penilaian pembelajaran berorientasi HOTS di SD se Kecamatan Banawa belum difahami (2) pemerintah dan stake holder serta pihak sekolah belum memanfaatkan saluran informasi yang ada untuk menyampaikan dan bertukar informasi tentang HOTS, (3) diperlukan cukup waktu untuk menyalurkan informasi tentang HOTS agar terbentuk difusi inovasi (4) dalam hal ini sistem sosial atau kerja kelompok guru (KKG) belum menjadi wadah dalam menyalurkan informasi tentang penilaian HOTS di SD se Kecamatan Banawa Kabupaten Donggala.

Program pengabdian masyarakat ini dilakukan di Desa Mulyajaya Kecamatan Lasalimu Selatan Kabupaten Buton. Beberapa masalah pokok yang menjadi masalah di Desa Mulyajaya yaitu belum optimalnya pengetahuan masyarakat mengenai pentingnya perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat dan belum optimalnya sosialisasi kepada masyarakat perihal bagaimana menciptakan dan meningkatkan lingkungan yang sehat. Tahapan kegiatan PKM tentang Sosialisasi Perilaku Hidup Bersih Dan Sehat Bagi Masyarakat Desa Mulyajaya, tim PKM melakukan survey dan penetapan wilayah mitra terlebih dahulu, kemudian pelaksanaan kegiatan sosialisasi tentang desa sehat serta dilakukan pendampingan pembuatan tong sampah. Hasil kegiatan PKM ini dengan di lakukan sosialisasi kepada masyarakat tentang pentingnya perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat sehingga meningkatkan pengetahuan masyarakat dalam pentingnya perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat. Desa bersih dan sehat merupakan langkah yang harus dilakukan untuk mencapai derajat kesehatan yang optimal bagi setiap orang yang tinggal didalamnya. Kondisi sehat tidak serta merta terjadi, tetapi harus senantiasa diupayakan dari yang tidak sehat menjadi hidup yang sehat serta menciptakan lingkungan yang sehat. Upaya ini harus dimulai dari menanamkan pola pikir sehat kepada masyarakat. Program kegiatan pengabdian ini betujuan untuk mensosialisasikan kebersihan kepada masyarakat, harapannya kesadaran masyarakat akan kesehatan dan pola hidup bersih dan sehat meningkat. Untuk itu pemberian sosialisasi terkait desa sehat diharapkan dapat menjadi upaya menyadarkan masyarakat akan pentingnya melakukan upaya perilaku hidup bersih dan sehat dalam kehidupan sehari-hari sekaligus memberikan pengetahuan bagaimana cara merealisasikannya sehingga bisa terwujud masyarakat yang peduli sehat.

Background Chronic kidney disease (CKD) happens due to decreasing kidney function. Inflammation and oxidative stress have been shown to result in the progression of CKD. Quercetin is widely known to have various bioactivities including antioxidant, anticancer, and anti-inflammatory activities. Objective To evaluate the activity of quercetin to inhibit inflammation, stress oxidative, and fibrosis on CKD cells model (mouse mesangial cells induced by glucose). Methods and Material The SV40 MES 13 cells were plated in a 6-well plate with cell density at 5,000 cells/well. The medium had been substituted for 3 days with a glucose-induced medium with a concentration of 20 mM. Quercetin was added with 50, 10, and 5 µg/mL concentrations. The negative control was the untreated cell. The levels of TGF-β1, TNF-α, and MDA were determined using ELISA KIT. The gene expressions of the SMAD7, SMAD3, SMAD2, and SMAD4 were analyzed using qRT-PCR. Results Glucose can lead to an increase in inflammatory cytokines TNF-α, TGF-β1, MDA as well as the expressions of the SMAD2, SMAD3, SMAD4, and a decrease in SMAD7. Quercetin caused the reduction of TNF-α, TGF-β1, MDA as well as the expression of the SMAD2, SMAD3, SMAD4, and increased SMAD7. Conclusion Quercetin has anti-inflammation, antioxidant, antifibrosis activity in the CKD cells model. Thus, quercetin is a promising substance for CKD therapy and further research is needed to prove this in CKD animal model.

This article aims to determine the relationship between teacher creativity and student interest in learning. The research design used is a type of qualitative research that is correlational. The research data was obtained through the distribution of a questionnaire containing some statements that were responded to by the respondents. The samples of this study were students of class VI, V, VI, and homeroom teachers of class IV, V, VI SD Inpres Lolu, totaling 74 students and 3 homeroom teachers. The data obtained were analyzed quantitatively using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 23 software for windows. Based on the results of the correlation test, obtained the value of Sig. (2-tailed) of 0.355 > 0.05, it can be concluded that the null hypothesis (Ho) is rejected and accepts the alternative hypothesis (Ha). The results of this study indicate that there is a relationship between teacher creativity and student interest in learning.

Cirrhosis is a serious hepatic disease that occurs worldwide and is caused by progressive fibrosis in the liver. Free radicals are the major cause of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, which affects the balance of the liver metabolism. Piper crocatum, commonly called red betel, is widely used in ethnomedicine because it has biological capabilities, including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The present study was undertaken to examine the possibility of hepaprotective activity of red betel extract on acetaminophen (APAP)-induced HepG2 cells as the cirrhosis in vitro model. Assessment of red betel extract (RBE) was performed using the colorimetric method for the quantification of LDH, AST, and ALT. As preliminary study, a cytotoxicity assay was performed at various RBE concentrations (100.00; 50.00; 25.00; 12.50; 6.25; 3.13 μg/ml) using an MTS assay to decide the safe concentration based on cell viability. The RBE treatment did not affect cell viability, even at a high concentration (100 µg/ml, p > 0.05). RBE at concentrations 25 and 100 µg/ml successfully reduced LDH, AST, and ALT activities in the hepatotoxic model in a dose-dependent manner. In the APAP-induced hepatotoxicity model, RBE positively indicated a hepatoprotective effect and cell amelioration by a decrease in hepatotoxic markers.

ABSTRACT The final project or thesis is the result of research that addresses a problem according to the student's field of science. By increasing the number of graduates, the number of final project documents produced will also be even greater. The large number of scientific papers or final project documents will be difficult to find according to the topic if they are not grouped. A large number of documents will not be effective if classification is done manually. This study makes a scientific paper classification application aimed at classifying the scientific work (final project) of students in the field of Informatics Engineering. This application was built by implementing the Naive Bayes Classifier algorithm based on background parameters and will be classified into 5 categories, namely image processing, data mining, decision making systems, geographic information systems and expert systems. With the research stages, namely data collection, preprocessing, calculation of the Naive Bayes Classifier method, implementation and system testing. This study uses 170 scientific papers, which are divided into 150 data for training and 20 data for testing. The results of this study illustrate that the Naive Bayes Classifier algorithm is a simple algorithm that can be used to classify scientific papers with an average accuracy of 86.68% and the average processing time required in each test is 5.7406 seconds / test. Keywords:scientific work, naive bayes classifier, classification,training, testing ABSTRAK Tugas akhir atau skripsi merupakan hasil penelitian yang membahas suatu masalah sesuai bidang ilmu dari mahasiswa. Dengan bertambah jumlah lulusan, maka jumlah dokumen tugas akhir yang dihasilkan juga akan semakin besar. Jumlah dokumen karya ilmiah atau tugas akhir yang besar akan sulit dicari sesuai dengan topik jika tidak dikelompokkan. Jumlah dokumen yang besar akan tidak efektif jika dilakukan klasifikasi secara manual. Penelitian ini membuat aplikasi klasifikasi karya ilmiah bertujuan untuk mengklasifikasikan karya ilmiah (tugas akhir) mahasiswa dalam bidang ilmu Teknik Informatika. Aplikasi ini dibangun dengan mengimplementasikan algoritma Naive Bayes Classifier berdasarkan parameter latar belakang dan akan diklasifikasikan menjadi 5 kategori yaitu pengolahan citra, data mining, sistem pengambilan keputusan, sistem informasi geografis dan sistem pakar. Dengan tahapan penelitian yaitu pengumpulan data, preprocessing, perhitungan metode Naive Bayes Classifier,implementasi dan pengujian sistem.Penelitian ini menggunakan data sebanyak 170 data karya ilmiah, yang dibagi menjadi 150 data untuk pelatihan dan 20 data untuk pengujian. Hasil penelitian ini menggambarkan bahwa algoritma Naive Bayes Classifier merupakan algoritma sederhana yang mampu digunakan untuk melakukan klasifikasi karya ilmiah dengan rata-rata akurasi 86,68% serta rata-rata waktu proses yang dibutuhkan dalam setiap pengujian yaitu 5,7406 detik/pengujian. Kata Kunci:Karya ilmiah, Naive bayes classifier, Klasifikasi, Pelatihan, Pengujian.

The declining ability of tissues to repair or replace themselves and maintain their structure and normal function is called aging. Aging is caused by free radical that can induce the activation of elastase and collagenase. Ageratum conyzoides (L.) or known as Babadotan is a medicinal plant that has been reported to be a good source of antioxidants that also inhibit aging process. The purpose of this research is to evaluate the antioxidant and antiaging properties of Babadotan Ethanolic Extract (BEE). Franswoth method was used to determine the phytochemical assay of BEE. Measurement of 2,2-diphenyl 1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenger was used for antioxidant assay, and inhibitory of elastase and collagenase activities was used for antiaging assay. The analysis of phytochemical compounds exhibited the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, polyphenols, steroids and triterpenoids, monoterpenoids and terpenoids, and the absence of saponin. BEE has lower activity on DPPH scavenging activity (IC50 = 80.7 µg/mL) than quercetin (IC50 = 3.25 µg/mL). BEE exhibited lower elastase and collagenase inhibitory activity (IC50 = 45.35 ± 2.2 µg/mL and 55.07 ± 1.1 µg/mL, respectively) compared to quercetin (IC50 = 11.64 ± 0.67 µg/mL and 19.91 ± 0.46 µg/mL). Overall, BEE possesses antioxidant and antiaging activities, although the activities are lower than quercetin.

Skin aging is caused by the exposure cumulative of ultraviolet radiation, it leads reactive oxygen species (ROS) production in the skin. The conditioned medium of human Adipose Tissue-derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells (hATMSCs) can scavenge free radicals and increase the survival rate of skin cells under oxidative stress. This study examined the protective effects of Conditioned Medium (CM) of hATMSCs in H2O2-induced human skin fibroblast cell line (BJ). The aging cells model using H2O2-induced BJ cells were added CM-hATMSCs in concentrations (0, 10, 30%) and incubated in various time, furthermore BJ cells induced by various H2O2 concentrations (0, 50, 100, 200 µM) incubated for 1 h. The anti-aging potential were measured including viability, ROS and collagen levels in BJ cells which treated CM-hATMSCs. The median inhibitory concentration (IC50) of H2O2 on BJ cells for 1 h incubation was 107.87 μM and 91.25 μM for 10 min incubation. CM-hATMSCs increased the viability on aging model cells. CM-hATMSCs concentration 30% increased the viability of H2O2 50, 100, 200 µM-induced BJ cells. CM-hATMSCs concentration 25% decreased ROS, increased collagen level in H2O2 50, 100, 200 µM-induced BJ cells. CM-hATMSCs increase the viability cells, collagen level and decrease ROS level in aging model cells.

Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cells (WJ-MSCs) is one of the best sources of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) that suggest both embryonic and adult stem cell characteristics. Before being applied in clinical application, the isolated MSCs should be tested to assess their quality, including differentiation capacity, phenotype characterization, and morphological appearance. This research aims to quantify the differentiation capacity of WJ-MSCs isolated using explant method. The WJ-MSCs cells were grown out from Wharton’s jelly tissue and the isolated cells adhered in T25 plastic flask. The isolated cells expressed high amount of MSC surface marker which are CD105 (99.97±0.06%), CD73 (99.97±0.06%), and CD90 (99.12±0.25%). The cells can be differentiated into adipocytes, chondrocytes, and osteocytes. The quantification showed that the amount of mineralization in osteoblastogenesis, production of lipid droplet in adipogenic differentiation, and production of glycosaminoglycan in chondrogenesis were noticeably higher in differentiated cells than non-differentiated cells. In conclusion, the isolated cells fulfill the minimum criteria of MSCs that can be used in research or clinical application. The great differentiation capacity of the cells into osteocytes and chondrocytes indicate that the cells are suitable in bone tissue engineering application, both for research and clinical application.

Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are the cells which have high renewal capacity and and are capable for differentiating into some types of cells. MSCs can be obtained from several tissues including bone marrow, synovial membrane, blood, adipose tissue and periosteum. The proliferation and self-repair ability of MSCs are the advantages to use as stem cells-based therapy of various diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the differentiation, characterization and proliferation of synovial membrane-derived MSCs (SM-MSCs). Materials and Methods: The cells proliferation capacity was determined by cell counting using trypan blue, characterization of MSCs (cluster of differentiation (CD)90, CD11b, CD73, CD34, CD19, CD45, CD105 and human leukocyte antigen-DR isotype (HLA-DR)) using flow cytometry analysis, and differentiation capability into three lineage cells was determined with red alcian blue, oil red O and alizarin staining. Results: The type culture of SM-MSCs was adherent and showed positive CD44, CD105, CD73, CD90 and negative of CD19, HLA-DR, CD11b, CD45, CD34 surface marker. Based on the result, SM-MSCs P3 showed differentiation potency into adipogenic, chondrogenic, and osteogenic lineage cells. The population doubling time of SM-MSCs has increased from P3 to P8. The population doubling time of SM-MSCs P3 was 1.69 days and SM-MSCs P8 was 3.64 days. Conclusion: The results indicated that SM-MCSCs from osteoarthritis patients are able to differentiate into osteocytes, chondrocytes, adipocytes and highly express of CD105, CD73, CD90, CD44 and negative for CD34, CD45, CD14, CD19. Keywords: synovial membrane, mesenchymal stromal cells, adipocyte, chondrocyte, osteocyte

Guazuma ulmifolia, or commonly known as the bastard cedar, has many pharmaceutical activities and is, therefore, claimed as a source of various plant-based medicines. This reserach was purposed to identify the antioxidant activities of the ethanolic extract of G. ulmifolia (EEGU) by phytochemical screening assay, total flavonoid and total phenolic testing, and comparative analysis between the antioxidant activities of EEGU and epicatechin. The qualitative phytochemical screening assay of EEGU detected the availability of phenols, flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, and terpenoids, but not saponins and triterpenoids. Meanwhile, the total phenolic content was 32.24 µg GAE/mg extract, and the total flavonoid content decided using aluminum chloride reagent with quercetin standard, was 6.48 µg QE/mg extract. The role of antioxidants examined by FRAP, DPPH, H2O2, and ABTS assays. These assay are proved that the IC50 values of EEGU are higher than those of epicatechin. For DPPH scavenging, H2O2 scavenging, and ABTS reduction activities, EEGU resulted IC50 45.70 μg/mL, 162.93 μg/mL, and 35.96 μg/mL, while epicatechin only yielded IC50 0.56 μg/mL, 57.91 μg/mL, and 16.74 μg/mL respectively. Otherwise, the highest reduction in FRAP activities were shown at 50 μg/mL concentration of epicatechin and EEGU were 236.33 and 202.71 µM Fe (II)/µg respectively. Based on these results, EEGU is concluded as an active natural product because it exhibit antioxidant activities.

Background: With the increase of diabetes mellitus (DM) prevalence, natural product emerged as complementary source on the development of new drug for this disease. White saffron (Curcuma mangga Val.) is a widely available plant found in Indonesia which often used traditionally as medicine for various ailment. Unfortunately scientific evidence of its antidiabetic activity has not been described very well. Present study was trying to evaluate the antidiabetic potential of white saffron based on the change of lipid accumulation. Materials and Methods: Cells viability assay was done using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) reagent to determine the safe concentrations of C. mangga Val. extract and its fractions including hexane, ethyl acetate, butanol, ethanol, water fractions and curcumol for the further assay. The preadipocyte cells (3T3-L1) were grown and differentiated into adipocyte cells using 3-isobutyl-1-methylxanthine (IBMX), dexamethasone and insulin. The adipocyte cells were treated with C. mangga Val. extract (CME) (the safest fraction at all concentrations) for 24 h. Oil red O staining was used to measure the lipid accumulation in adipocyte cells. Results: The CME was not toxic and able to decrease the lipid droplets of the 3T3-L1 adipocyte cells. Conclusion: The CME has potential antidiabetic activity due to ability to decrease the lipid droplet without disturbing the viability of the 3T3-L1 adipocyte cells. Keywords: white saffron, Curcuma mangga Val., antidiabetic

Preeclampsia is a pregnancy complication characterized by proteinuria, hypertension, hypoxia as well an increased systemic inflammatory response. It affects 5 to 10% of all births and is a leading factor in fetal and maternal morbidity and death. Ficus elastica L. leaves are known to have natural compounds with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. This research assessed the potential of F. elastica leaf extract (FEE) as anti-inflammatory agent in a hypoxic-induced human endothelial cell line (EA.hy926) as preeclampsia model. F. elastica leaves were extracted using 70% ethanol. Cytotoxic assay of the FEE in different concentrations (3.13 to 100 µg/ml) against EA.hy926 was done using MTS assay. The FEE’s anti-inflammatory activity was measured with ELISA for the TNF-α and IL-10 parameters. The FEE did not cause cytotoxicity to the EA.hy926 cells, with viability above 80% at the highest concentration. The FEE could decrease the pro-inflammatory TNF-α level and increase the IL-10 level as anti-inflammatory markers in the preeclampsia model at significance level p

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) has increased incidence and prevalence in developing nations. In this in vitro study, we evaluated the cells proliferative effects, fibronectin (FN), transforming growth factor β (TGF-β1), and Reactive oxygen species (ROS) - level inhibition potential of ethanol extract of detam 1 soybean seed (EEDS) on glucose-induced kidney mesangial cells (SV40 MES 13). The cells proliferation assay used 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)2H-tetrazolium (MTS) assay. FN and TGF-β1 level were measured using ELISA assay kit and ROS level using flow cytometry. Level of FN, TGF-β1 and ROS, on CKD cells model (5 mM, 10 mM glucose-induced mesangial cell) treated with EEDS 6.25 µg/mL were lower significantly compared to positive control, EEDS improve cells viability and decrease FN, TGF-β1 and ROS level in glucose-induced kidney mesangial cells as CKD cells model.

Aging involves progressive physiological changes of the body, including skin dysfunction and death which can be accelerated by the presence of free radicals. Compounds with potential antioxidants and antiaging are contained in various fruits, including dragon fruit (Hyloceureus polyrhizus (F.A.C. Weber) Britton & Rose). This study aimed to compare the antioxidant and antiaging activities of dragon fruit rind extract (DFRE) and Kaempferol. The antioxidant and antiaging activities were measured by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenger and inhibitory activity assay of tyrosinase, respectively and was conducted at the Biomolecular and Biomedicine Research Center, Aretha Medika Utama, from August to November 2018. Data acquired were then analyzed using ANOVA, followed by Post Hoc Test using Turkey HSD test with a confidence level of 95% (α=0.05). Phytochemical assay was also conducted to determine the content of active ingredients in thedragon fruit rind extract. Phytochemical test result showed that DFRE contained flavonoids, tannins, phenols, triterpenoids, and alkaloids compounds. Both DPPH scavenging and tyrosine inhibition assay indicated that Kaempferol compound also had antioxidant and antiaging activities. The IC50 values of DFRE and Kaempferol antioxidant activities were 164.98 μg/mL and 83.30 μg/mL, respectively, while the IC50 values of tyrosinase inhibition activity of DFRE and Kaemferol were 88.46 μg/mL and 59.34 μg/mL, respectively. DFRE had antioxidant activities and tyrosinase inhibition activities thus can be used as an alternative antiaging and antioxidant agents.

Breast cancer (BC) is the most prevalent type of cancer among women and one of the major causes of cancer mortality in women. Metastasis in breast cancer (BC) occurs due to immunosurveillance deficiency, including impairment of natural killer (NK) cell maturation. Conditioned medium (CM) from human Wharton’s jelly mesenchymal stem cells (hWJMSC-CM) is known to possess anticancer activity. The CM of co-culture of human recombinant IL-2 treated NK cells and hWJMSCs is expected to boost anticancer activity toward BC cells which can be analyzed from the effect of CM towards secretion of effector molecules and expression of BC cell apoptosis-related genes, and cytotoxic granules in human recombinant IL-2 treated NK (IL-2 NK) and hWJMSCs (IL-2 hWJMSCs). TNF-α, IFN-γ, perforin, granzyme were measured by ELISA, while the inhibition of cell proliferation was measured by MTS assay and BC cell apoptosis by flow cytometry and apoptotic gene expression by RTPCR. CM from co-cultured hWJMSCs and IL-2 NK cells inhibited NK and BC cell proliferation, increased expression of Bax and p53 and decreased the number of Bcl-2 in BC cells. In conclusion, CM of co-culture IL-2 treated NK cells and hWJMSCs induce apoptosis in BC cells as indicated by increased Bax and p53 expression and decreased Bcl-2 expression.

Early passges of human Wharton’s jelly-derived mesenchymal stem cells (hWJMSCs) have been suggested by various studies; however, the effect of serial passaging has not been well defined. This study aimed to investigate the effect of serial passage on the growth kinetics, biological properties and differentiation into adipocytes on hWJMSCs. This study was conducted from April to December 2014 to evaluate the hWJMSCs growth kinetics at passage 6 (P6) and P12 by calculating proliferation rate, population doubling time (PDT), and cumulative population-doubling levels (CPDL) using 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium MTS assay kit. The cells biological properties were characterized using flow cytometry analysis followed by measuring the differentiation into adipocytes in extensive culture using Oil Red O staining after induction. An independent sample t-test was applied to analyze the differences between groups using IBM SPSS Statistics Version 22 with a p

Background: Skin aging is a condition where skin is unable to retain both its physiological and structural integrity. Plants is the main source of phtytochemicals compound with wide range of biological activities. Through the efforts of ongoing scientific researches, an increasing number of plant extracts and phytochemicals have been showed promising result as anti-aging agent. Snake fruit (Salacca zalacca (Gaert.) Voss) is tropical plant belongs to the palm tree family (Arecaceae) that served as important crop in Indonesia. Despite its utilization, the phytochemical compound available in snake fruit, especially its peel have not been well documented. Present study aimed to elucidate the phytochemical constituent of snake fruit peel and its anti-aging potency. Materials and Methods: Snake fruit peel extract (SPE) was subjected to qualitative phytochemical assay, high performance liquid chromatography, and molecular docking towards protein related in skin aging. Results: The screening showed SPE contained phytochemical compound belong to flavonoid, tannin, phenol, triterpenoid, saponin and alkaloid. Thus, based on the analysis only chlorogenic acid was present in SPE whilst rutin and caffeic acid were not detected. The SPE was contained chlorogenic acid around 1.074 mg/g dry weight. Chlorogenic acid had the high binding affinity towards matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-1 (-9.4 kcal/mol). Conclusion: Current findings may provide scientific evidence for possible usage of SPE and its compounds as antioxidant and anti-aging agent. Keywords: Salacca zalacca, phytochemical compound, high performance liquid chromatography, anti-aging

Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic disease of the joints and bones due to trauma or other joint-related diseases (secondary). Synovial inflammation commonly causes disturbance in joint homeostasis, which is associated with OA. Enzymes such as aggrecanase and metalloproteinase generate cartilage damage, mediated by tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α) and interleukin (IL)-1. Pro-inflammatory cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6, are responsible for regulation of the extracellular matrix, cartilage degradation, and apoptosis of chondrocytes. This study aimed to observe the cell viability and expression level of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP-1 and MMP-3) and tissue inhibitor metalloproteinases (TIMP-1 and TIMP-2) in human chondrocyte cells (CHON-002) induced by IL-1β. CHON-002 was induced with IL-1β (0.1, 1 and 10 ng/mL) as an OA model. The viability of the cells was measured with a 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxyme-thoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetra zolium (MTS) assay, while expression of MMP-1, MMP-3, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2, was evaluated by RT-PCR. The viability of IL-1β-induced CHON-002 (CHON-002- IL-1β) cells at day 1 and 5 showed that treatment with up to 10 ng/mL of IL-1β was not toxic. Expression of TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 in CHON-002-IL-1β was lower compared to control, while that of MMP-1 and MMP-3 was higher compared to control. These results indicate that CHON-002 treated with 10 ng/mL IL-1β has expression patterns consistent with chondrocyte damage, so the CHON-002-IL-1β system may serve as a model for MMP induction in OA.

PPenelitian ini secara umum bertujuan untuk meningkatkan prestasi belajar Ilmu Pengetahuan Alam (IPA) melalui penggunaan Metode Pembelajaran kocok sumpit pada siswa kelas VIII C MTs Negeri 2 Tegal semester genap Tahun Pelajaran 2017/2018. Penelitian mengunakan metode analisis deskriptif dan dilaksanakan dari bulan Januari sampai dengan bulan Maret 2018. Populasi penelitian ini adalah semua siswa kelas VIII MTs Negeri 2 Tegal Tahun Pelajaran 2017/2018. Sampel yang digunakan adalah kelas VIII C. Sampel diberi perlakuan dengan metode pembelajaran kocok sumpit. Data dikumpulkan dengan metode tes untuk prestasi belajar, keaktifan persepsi dan kesan siswa dengan metode angket. Pada siklus I siswa yang berhasil mencapai KKM ada 17 siswa (44,73 %) sedangkan pada siklus II siswa yang lulus KKM ada 27 siswa (71,5 %). Berdasar hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa melalui penerapan metode kocok sumpit dapat meningkatkan prestasi belajar IPA siswa kelas VIII C Tahun Pelajaran 2017/2018 yang ditandai dengan adanya siswa yang lulus KKM sebanyak 27 siswa (92,85 %), ini berarti tingkat keberhasilannya lebih dari 70%.

BACKGROUND: Oxidative stress is closely related to all aspects of cancer. Cosmos caudatus ethanolic extract (CCEE) has been proved to have antioxidant effect that inhibited cancer cell growth due to its bioactive compounds such as catechin, quercetin and chlorogenic acid. This study aimed to evaluate antioxidant and anticancer activity of CCEE and its compounds. METHODS: Total phenol was measured according to the Folin-Ciocalteu method. Catechin, quercetin and chlorogenic acid contained in CCEE were identified by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Antioxidant activity was evaluated by 2,2′-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS)-reducing activity, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity, and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) activity test. The cytotoxic activity of CCEE was determined by MTS [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium] assay on HeLa cells. RESULTS: The result showed that total phenol of CCEE was 181.64±0.93 µg Cathecin/mg extract. ABTSreducing activity test showed that catechin had the highest activity (2.90±0.04 µg/mL), while CCEE had moderate activity compared to other compounds. FRAP activity test demonstrated that catechin had the highest activity (315.83 µM Fe(II)/µg) compared to other compounds. DPPH scavenging activity of CCEE was 22.82±0.05 µg/mL. Cytotoxicity test on HeLa cell showed that CCEE had lower activity (inhibitory concentration (IC)50= 89.90±1.30 µg/mL) compared to quercetin (IC50 = 13.30±0.64 µg/ mL). CONCLUSION: CCEE has the lowest antioxidant activity compared to quercetin, catechin, and chlorogenic acid and has the lowest anticancer activity compared to quercetin. However, CCEE and its compounds has potential as antioxidant and anticancer properties. KEYWORDS: antioxidant, anticancer, catechin, Cosmos caudatus, quercetin

Background: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are an appealing source of adult stem cells for cell therapy due to the high rate of proliferation, self-renewal capability, and applicable therapy. Wharton’s jelly (WJ), the main component of the umbilical cord extracellular matrix, comprises multipotent stem cells with a high proliferation rate and self-renewal capability and has anti-cancer properties. MSCs have been reported to secrete a variety of cytokines that have a cytotoxic effect in various cancers. Oxygen tension affects MSCs proliferation, cytokines level but no in surface markers expression, MSCs’ differentiation. We explored the cytotoxic effect and inducing apoptosis of Wharton’s jelly derived mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs) secretions from normoxic WJMSCs (WJMSCs-norCM) (CM: conditioned medium) and hypoxic WJMSCs (WJMSCs-hypoCM) in breast cancer cell lines (T47D and MCF7). Materials and Methods: Cytotoxic activity was determined using the MTS assay. RT-PCR was performed to measure the expression of apoptosis-inducing genes, specifically P53, BAX, and CASP9, and the antiapoptotic gene BCL-2. Results: WJMSCs-norCM and WJMSCs-hypoCM were potent inhibitors of the proliferation in both cell lines. WJMSCs-norCM had more anticancer activity in T47D and MCF7. The IC50 value of WJMSCs-norCM on MCF7 was 42.34%, and on T47D was 42.36%. WJMSCs-norCM significantly induced the gene expression of apoptotic P53, BAX, and CASP9 and insignificantly decreased the antiapoptotic gene BCL-2 in both MCF7 and T47D cells. WJMSCs-CM has anticancer activity by inducing P53, BAX, and CASP9 apoptotic genes. Conclusion: WJMSCs-norCM has more anticancer activity than WJMSCs-hypoCM.

Obesity has a role in the development of diseases such as diabetes, cardiovascular disease and hyperlipidemia which is characterized by the increase of adipose tissue mass due to an imbalance of energy intake and expenditure. Freeze-dried fruits are well known to possess antiobesity activity. In this study, we have evaluated the antiobesity activity of freeze-dried fruit (M. domestica, Canarium sp., and A. bilimbi) using CHOL, G6PDH, TG level, and Oil Red O assay. The viability of 3T3-L1 cell in the Canarium sp. freeze-dried in the concentration of 12.50 µg/ml has a higher value compared to M. domestica and A. bilimbi. The measurements of CHOL, G6PDH, TG level, and Oil Red O assay of the M. domestica freeze-dried in the concentration of 75 μg/ml has higher inhibitory activity compared to the Canarium sp. and A. bilimbi freeze-dried. In the CHOL assay, M. domestica freeze-dried has a higher value compared to A. bilimbi and Canarium sp. In the G6PDH assay, the freeze-dried of M. domestica has the value of 49.56%, Canarium sp. (45.22%), and A. bilimbi (47.13%), while in the Oil Red O assay, M. domestica has inhibition activity of 62.63%, A. bilimbi 50.01% and Canarium sp. 44.13%. The level of TG showed that M. domestica has higher activity with the value of 60.61%, A. bilimbi 57.54%, while Canarium sp. 55.03%. The freeze-dried of M. domestica in the concentration of 75 μg/ml has good inhibitory activity of lipid compared to A. bilimbi and Canarium sp.

Propolis is a naturally produced resinous mixture the bees are secreted through collecting resin of plants, buds, and exudates. According to several studies, propolis possessed various properties, one of which known as immunomodulatory property. Immunomodulatory property can be assessed and observed through the anti-inflammatory and cytotoxicity properties of propolis. In Indonesia, Tetragonula sapiens (T. sapiens) from Sulawesi is considered as one of the most commercial and productive bees. Despite of their productivity and commerciality, they have never been tested for their immunomodulatory property. In order to explore their potential even further, this present study was aimed to observe the anti-inflammatory and cytotoxicity properties of T. sapiens propolis from Sulawesi, Indonesia against RAW 264.7 cell lines. The cytotoxic assay of propolis against RAW264.7 cell lines was conducted using MTS assay. The anti-inflammatory properties were determined using LPS-induced RAW 264.7 macrophages cells to measure inhibitory activity of propolis on production of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and nitric oxide (NO). The cytotoxic test results showed that propolis extract concentration affected the cell in terms of increasing or decreasing the cell viability. The results of the anti-inflammatory test disclosed that propolis at 120 µg/mL had an anti-inflammatory property which was evidenced by TNF-α levels of 304.28 ± 30.25 pg/mL, iNOS of 5.42 ± 0.82 ng/mL, and NO 101.09 ± 1.49 µmol/L. It can be concluded that the Indonesian propolis from T. sapiens possess anti-inflammatory properties related to the inhibition of NO production by macrophages.

Perusahaan bisnis bidang broadcasting atau tepatnya stasiun televisi memiliki strategi untuk menayangkan tayangan acara yang paling ditunggu oleh penonton setianya, yaitu berupa tayangan acara yang up to date dan cepat dalam penyiarannya. Oleh sebab itu, diperlukan staf pada bagian pasca produksi untuk bekerja secara cepat dan sesuai dengan prosedur tayangan. Untuk mempersiapkan tayangan terbaru secara cepat, diperlukan sistem penjadwalan staf editor video yang jumlahnya besar secara cepat, tepat, dan dapat dilihat dengan instan oleh para editor video sehingga memudahkan editing video setiap harinya. Algoritma yang cocok untuk menghasilkan jadwal secara cepat dengan jumlah yang besar dengan tidak ada data yang bentrok adalah ant colony atau algoritma koloni semut. Algoritma ant colony ini mengacu pada cara hidup semut yang berkelompok dalam mencari makanan sehingga dapat kembali lagi ke tempat semula dengan jalur yang sama dan cepat. Data masukan yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah nama editor dan ruangan, serta luaran berupa jadwal per shift untuk setiap ruangan untuk suatu periode tertentu. Penelitian ini menggunakan basis data MySQL dan firebase. Jadwal editor yang telah diolah pada aplikasi back-end kemudian diubah ke dalam bentuk aplikasi android, dengan demikian jadwal tersebut dapat dilihat oleh seluruh staf editor video melalui smartphone masing-masing. Pengujian dilakukan terhadap hasil perhitungan algoritma, fungsional sistem, integrasi, dan penerimaan yang dikembalikan pada sistem dengan mencari kesalahan pada interface perangkat lunak, dan pengujian penggunaan langsung kepada pengguna. Hasil pengujian menunjukkan bahwa algoritma ant colony dapat digunakan untuk menyusun jadwal editor video dengan cepat dan tepat, semua fitur berjalan dengan baik, dan tingkat kepuasan pengguna cukup tinggi. Abstract Broadcasting or television business companies have a strategy to broadcast programs up to date and quickly. Therefore, staff in the post-production section are required to work quickly and in accordance with the show procedures. To prepare the latest shows quickly, a video editor staff scheduling system is needed. That scheduling system should be fast, precise, and can be seen instantly by video editors so that the editing processes can be done easily every day. The suitable algorithm to generate a schedule quickly in large numbers with no data clashing is ant colony.Ant colony algorithm refers to the way of ants when looking for food in a group, then they can return again to their original place with the same path and fast. The input data used in this study is the name of the editor and the room, and output in the form of a schedule per shift for each room for a certain period. This research uses MySQL and firebase databases. The editor's schedule that has been processed in the back-end application is then converted into an android application, therefore the schedule can be seen by all video editor staff via their own smartphones. Tests are carried out on the results of algorithm calculations, functional systems, integration, and feedback to the system by looking for errors on the software interface, and direct use testing to users. The test results show that the Ant Colony algorithm can be used to compile a schedule of video editors quickly and precisely, all features run well, and the level of user satisfaction is quite high.

Background: Breast cancer (BC) is the leading cause of death cancer in women. Cancer therapies using TNFα and IFNγ have been recently developed by direct effects and activation of immune responses. This study was performed to evaluate the effects of TNFα and IFNγ directly, and TNFα and IFNγ secreted by Conditioned Medium-human Wharton’s Jelly Mesenchymal Stem Cells (CM-hWJMSCs) toward apoptosis of BC cells (MCF7). Materials and Methods: BC cells were induced by TNFα and IFNγ in 175 and 350ng/mL, respectively. CM-hWJMSCs were produced by co-culture hWJMSCs and NK cells that secreted TNFα, IFNγ, perforin (Prf1), granzyme B (GzmB) for treating BC cells. The BC cells were treated with CM-hWJMSCs in 50%. The expression of apoptotic genes Bax, p53, and the antiapoptotic gene Bcl-2 were determined using RT-PCR. Results: TNFα and IFNγ at concentration of 350 ng/mL induced higher Bax expression compared to 175 ng/mL. TNFα and IFNγ 350 ng/mL, 175 ng/mL induced p53 expression, whilst TNFα and IFNγ at 350 ng/mL decreased Bcl-2 expression. Perf1, GzmB, TNFα and IFNγ-containing CM-hWJMSCs induced significantly apoptosis percentage, induced Bax expression, but did not effect p53, Bcl-2 expression. Conclusion: TNFα and IFNγ directly induce Bax, p53, decrease Bcl-2 gene expression. The Prf1, GzmB, TNFα, IFNγ-containing CM-hWJMSCs induce apoptosis and Bax expression. Keywords: breast cancer, Wharton’s Jelly mesenchymal stem cells, TNFα, IFNγ

Objective(s): This study aims to evaluate the activity of mangosteen peels extract (MPE) as protection agent on induced-glucose mesangial cells (SV40 MES 13 cell line (Glomerular Mesangial Kidney, Mus Musculus)). Materials and Methods: MPE was performed based on maceration method. Cytotoxic assay was performed based on MTS (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium) method, while the level of TGF-β1 (Transforming growth factor-β1) and fibronectin in glucose-induced mesangial cells were assayed and determined using ELISA KIT. Results: In viability assay, MPE 5 and 20 µg/ml has the highest activity to increase cells proliferation in glucose-induced mesangial cells at 5, 10, and 15 days of incubation in glucose concentration (5 and 25 mM) (P

Objective(s): This study aimed to determine the collagen type II (COL2) and SOX9 expression in interleukin growth factor (IGF-1)-induced Wharton’s Jelly mesenchymal stem cells (WJMSCs) and the level of chondrogenic markers in co-culture IGF1-WJMSCs and IL1β-CHON002 as osteoarthritis (OA) cells model. Materials and Methods: WJMSCs were induced with IGF1 (75, 150, and 300 ng/ml) to enhance their chondrogenesis capability. The gene expression of SOX9 and COL2 was evaluated with quantitative RT-PCR. Furthermore, IGF1-WJMSCs were co-cultured with IL1β-CHON002 cells in varied ratios (1:2, 1:1, 2:1). Chondrogenic markers ADAMTS1, ADAMTS5, MMP3, MMP1, and RANKL were measured with ELISA. Results: The IGF1-WJMSCs had an increased expression of COL2 and SOX9. ADAMTS1, ADAMTS5, MMP1, MMP3, and RANKL levels were decreased in the co-culture IGF1-WJMSCs and IL1β-CHON002. Conclusion: The IGF1-induced WJMSCs were capable to enhance chondrogenesis, indicated by increased expression of SOX9 and COL2 and decreased expression of ADAMTS1, ADAMTS5, MMP3, MMP1, and RANKL. These findings can be further used in the osteoarthritis treatment.

Three undescribed bicyclo[3.2.1]octanoid neolignan glucosides, along with a known neolignan, were isolated from the leaves of Piper crocatum Ruiz & Pav. Their chemical structures were elucidated using extensive spectroscopic analyses including 1D and 2D NMR experiments and HR-ESI-MS analysis, as well as through comparison with previously reported data. Two compounds were assessed for their inhibitory effect against pyruvate dehydrogenase E1α S300 phosphorylation. The fluorescent image suggested that both compounds (60 µM) revealed a stronger inhibition effect than the positive control (dichloroacetate, DCA 5 mM), with IC50 values of 99.82 µM and 80.25 µM, respectively.

Obesity is one of the risk factors for atherosclerosis and its fat occurrence and development are associated with fat accumulation and adipocyte differentiation. Thus, the suppression of adipocyte differentiation can be a potential anti-obesity approach to this health concern. This study examined the effect of mangosteen pericarp extract (MPE) and xanthone (α-Mangostin (AM) and γ-Mangostin (GM)) on the expression of PPARγ, C/EBPα, SCD1, LPL, aP2, adipoQ, and FAS in 3T3-L1 cells. Concentrations of MPE and xanthones used were based on the cytotoxic assay on 3T3-L1 cells. Three different MPE concentrations (0, 25, and 50 µg/ml) and three different AM concentrations (0, 25 and 50 µM) and GM (0, 50, and 75 µM) were used in the experiment. The expressions of PPARγ, C/EBPα, SCD1, LPL, aP2, adipoQ, and FAS genes were measured using real-time quantitative PCR. The expression of the genes was down-regulated in the group of cells treated with 50 µg/ml of MPE and 50 µM of GM. However, the 25 µM and 50 µM of AM did not suppress PPARγ and SCD-1 expression. The 50 µM of AM also failed to reduce aP2 gene expression. Finally, MPE and GM showed potential anti-adipogenesis and anti-obesity effects by suppressing the expression of PPARγ, C/EBPα, SCD1, LPL, aP2, adipoQ and FAS genes in 3T3-L1 cells.

The purpose of this research is to motivation extrinsic analysis of the farmers in saving money in ukui unit bank rakyat indonesia (BRI). This article discusses about the extrinsic motivation of farmers in saving money in Ukui Unit BRI. This research is using interview method 86 selected sample by questionnaire. The data source used are primary data using a Likert's Summated Rating Scale (SLRs). This research was conducted in BRI Unit Ukui at Jalan Lintas Timur Ukui in Sub-District of Ukui, Pelalawan, and started from March 2015-August 2016. The results showed that the average of the extrinsic motivation of farmers in save in Ukui Unit BRI consisting of a service, product, promotion, interest and location are categorized as "high" with a score of 3.66. With respective scores are 4.06 for service categorized as "high", 3.51 for the products categorized as "high", 3.52 for promotion categorized as "high", 3.53 for interest categorized as "high" and 3.70 for location categorized as "high".

Islam provides an opportunity for people to have an economic creativity (muamalah) in order to facilitate his people to fulfil their needs. However, they should still referring to the general rules that have been outlined and not violates a general rule that is not permissible in Islam. Muamalah of human creations are also found in financial institutions such as the financing of products, and Murabaha with wakalah. however, the implementation of this agreement in the Islamic financial institutions particularly Islamic microfinance institutions often found not suitable with Islamic regulation. Thus, it indicates that the rules that have been violated, that is make the financing of islamic institution same with the conventional financial institutions. Islam memberikan peluang bagi umatnya untuk melakukan kreasi di bidang ekonomi atau muamalah agar bisa memudahkan umatnya dalam memenuhi kebutuhan hidupnya. Pembolehan kreasi tersebut tidak lepas begitu saja, tetapi tetap merujuk pada aturan- aturan umum yang telah digariskan. Apabila perilaku manusia melanggar aturan umum, maka hal tersebut tidak dibolehkan dalam Islam. Kreasi manusia bidang muamalah banyak ditemuakan dalam lembaga keuangan seperti dalam produk pembiayaan, di antaranya adalah pembiayaan murabahah yang memakai akad wakalah. Namun, implementasi akad ini di lembaga keuangan syariah terutama lembaga keuangan mikro syariah sering dijumpai belum sesuai dengan ketentuan yang semestinya, sehingga hal ini mengindikasikan adanya aturan yang dilanggar. Dengan adanya aturan yang dilanggar mengakibatkan pembiayaan tersebut mirip dengan kredit yang ada pada lembaga keuangan konvensional.

The purpose of this research is to motivation extrinsic analysis of the farmers in saving money in ukui unit bank rakyat indonesia (BRI). This article discusses about the extrinsic motivation of farmers in saving money in Ukui Unit BRI. This research is using interview method 86 selected sample by questionnaire. The data source used are primary data using a Likert's Summated Rating Scale (SLRs). This research was conducted in BRI Unit Ukui at Jalan Lintas Timur Ukui in Sub-District of Ukui, Pelalawan, and started from March 2015-August 2016. The results showed that the average of the extrinsic motivation of farmers in save in Ukui Unit BRI consisting of a service, product, promotion, interest and location are categorized as "high" with a score of 3.66. With respective scores are 4.06 for service categorized as "high", 3.51 for the products categorized as "high", 3.52 for promotion categorized as "high", 3.53 for interest categorized as "high" and 3.70 for location categorized as "high".Keywords: Motivation, saving money in bank, farmer

One of the crucial steps during trials for Zika and other vaccines is to recruit participants and to understand how participants’ attitudes and sociodemographic characteristics affect willingness to participate (WTP). This study was conducted to assess WTP, its explanatory variables, and the impact of financial compensation on WTP in Indonesia. A health facility-based cross-sectional study was conducted in eleven regencies in the Aceh and West Sumatra provinces of Indonesia. Participants were recruited via a convenience sampling method and were interviewed. The associations between explanatory variables and WTP were assessed using a two-step logistic regression analysis. A total of 1,102 parents were approached, and of these 956 (86.8%) completed the interview and were included in analysis. Of those, 144 (15.1%) were willing to participate in a Zika vaccine trial without a financial compensation. In the multivariate analysis, WTP was tied to an age of more than 50 years old, compared to 20⁻29 years (odds ratio (OR): 5.0; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.37⁻10.53), to being female (OR: 2.20; 95% CI: 1.11⁻4.37), and to having heard about Zika (OR: 2.41; 95% CI: 1.59⁻3.65). Participants’ WTP increased gradually with higher financial compensation. The rate of WTP increased to 62.3% at the highest offer (US$ 350.4), and those who were still unwilling to participate (37.7%) had a poorer attitude towards childhood vaccination. This study highlights that pre-existing knowledge about Zika and attitudes towards childhood vaccination are important in determining community members being willing to participate in a vaccine trial. Financial incentives are still an important factor to enhance participant recruitment during a vaccine trial.