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2. The German national registry for primary immunodeficiencies (PID)

Author

Gathmann, B., Goldacker, S., Klima, M., Belohradsky, B. H., Notheis, G., Ehl, S., Ritterbusch, H., Baumann, U., Meyer-Bahlburg, A., Witte, T., Schmidt, R., Borte, M., Borte, S., Linde, R., Schubert, R., Bienemann, K., Laws, H.-J., Dueckers, G., Roesler, J., Rothoeft, T., Krüger, R., Scharbatke, E. C., Masjosthusmann, K., Wasmuth, J.-C., Moser, O., Kaiser, P., Gro-Wieltsch, U., Classen, C. F., Horneff, G., Reiser, V., Binder, N., El-Helou, S. M., Klein, C., Grimbacher, B., and Kindle, G.

Published
2013
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3. Differences in Clinical Outcome in Patients with Common Variable Immunodeficiency Treated with Ig Replacement Therapy: Results from the ESID Database: 36

Author

Kindle, G., Warnatz, K., Paschenko, O., Kumararatne, D., Kilic, S. S., Thon, V., Witte, T., Helbert, M., Kuijpers, T. W., Exley, A., Mahlaoui, N., Notheis, G., Longhurst, H., Baumann, U., Jones, A., Kütükcüler, N., Borte, M., Wagström, P., Feighery, C., Szaflarska, A., Ritterbusch, H., Reda, S., Kononova, T., Panahloo, Z., and Grimbacher, B.

Published
2011

4. Differences in Ig Replacement Therapy Dosing in Patients with Common Variable Immunodeficiency in Europe: Results from the ESID Database: 43

Author

Gathmann, B., Mahlaoui, N., Warnatz, K., Kuijpers, T. W., Kilic, S. S., Thon, V., Arkwright, P. D., Kumararatne, D., Exley, A., Borte, M., Jones, A., Belohradsky, B. H., Baumann, U., Kütükcüler, N., Witte, T., Feighery, C., Wagström, P., Longhurst, H., Linde, R., Ritterbusch, H., Farmaki, E., Sediva, A., Papadopoulou-Alataki, E., Panahloo, Z., and Grimbacher, B.

Published
2011

5. The German PID-net registry

Author

El-Helou, S. M., Biegner, A. K., Bode, S., Ehl, S., Heeg, M., Ritterbusch, H., Rusch, S., Schmitt, R., Warnatz, K., Baerlecken, N. T., Baumann, U., Beider, R., Ernst, D., Gerschmann, S., Klemann, C., Mielke, G., Schmidt, R. E., Schuermann, G., Viemann, D., Albert, M., Eichinger, A., Eisl, E., Hauck, F., Klein, C., Sollinger, F., von Bernuth, H., Hanitsch, L., Krueger, R., Scheibenbogen, C., Avila, A., Borte, M., Borte, S., Fasshauer, M., Hauenherm, A., Kellner, N., Mueller, H., Uelzen, A., Bader, P., Bakhtiar, S., Hess, U., Lee, J. Y., Schubert, R., Voss, S., Zielen, S., Bienemann, K., Lankisch, P., Laws, H. J., Neubert, J., Dueckers, G., Lamers, B., Langemeyer, V., Niehues, T., Hoenig, M., Schulz, A., Schwarz, K., Steinmann, S., Graf, D., Haase, G., Liese, J. G., Morbach, H., Schwaneck, E., Tony, H. P., Foell, D., Hellige, A., Masjosthusmann, K., Mohr, M., Wittkowski, H., Fischer, J. C., Hedrich, C. M., Roesen-Wolff, A., Roesler, J., Behrends, U., Rieber, N., Schauer, U., Boesecke, C., Dilloo, D., Engelhardt, A., Huelsmann, B., Rockstroh, J., Scholtes, C., Schoenberger, S., Wasmuth, J. C., Handgretinger, R., Henes, J., Holzer, U., Kanz, L., Ankermann, T., von Bismarck, P., Schreiber, S., Zeuner, R., Huppertz, H. I., Kaiser-Labusch, P., Greil, J., Jakoby, D., Kulozik, A. E., Graf, N., Heine, S., Garwer, B., Kobbe, R., Lehmberg, K., Mueller, I., Herrmann, F., Horneff, G., Klein, A., Peitz, J., Schmidt, N., Apel, K., Bielack, S., Gross-Wieltsch, U., Deutz, P., Lassay, L., Kamitz, D., Stienen, A., Tenbrock, K., Wagner, N., Classen, C. F., Weiss, M., Bernbeck, B., Brummel, B., Lara-Villacanas, E., Muenstermann, E., Schneider, D., Tietsch, N., Westkemper, M., Naumann-Bartsch, N., Metzler, M., Sobik, B., Kuehnle, I., Kullmann, S., Kramm, C., Girschick, H., Elbe, S., Specker, C., Vinnemeier-Laubenthal, L., Haenicke, H., Schulz, C., Schweigerer, L., Mueller, T. G., Kindle, G., Grimbacher, B., El-Helou, S. M., Biegner, A. K., Bode, S., Ehl, S., Heeg, M., Ritterbusch, H., Rusch, S., Schmitt, R., Warnatz, K., Baerlecken, N. T., Baumann, U., Beider, R., Ernst, D., Gerschmann, S., Klemann, C., Mielke, G., Schmidt, R. E., Schuermann, G., Viemann, D., Albert, M., Eichinger, A., Eisl, E., Hauck, F., Klein, C., Sollinger, F., von Bernuth, H., Hanitsch, L., Krueger, R., Scheibenbogen, C., Avila, A., Borte, M., Borte, S., Fasshauer, M., Hauenherm, A., Kellner, N., Mueller, H., Uelzen, A., Bader, P., Bakhtiar, S., Hess, U., Lee, J. Y., Schubert, R., Voss, S., Zielen, S., Bienemann, K., Lankisch, P., Laws, H. J., Neubert, J., Dueckers, G., Lamers, B., Langemeyer, V., Niehues, T., Hoenig, M., Schulz, A., Schwarz, K., Steinmann, S., Graf, D., Haase, G., Liese, J. G., Morbach, H., Schwaneck, E., Tony, H. P., Foell, D., Hellige, A., Masjosthusmann, K., Mohr, M., Wittkowski, H., Fischer, J. C., Hedrich, C. M., Roesen-Wolff, A., Roesler, J., Behrends, U., Rieber, N., Schauer, U., Boesecke, C., Dilloo, D., Engelhardt, A., Huelsmann, B., Rockstroh, J., Scholtes, C., Schoenberger, S., Wasmuth, J. C., Handgretinger, R., Henes, J., Holzer, U., Kanz, L., Ankermann, T., von Bismarck, P., Schreiber, S., Zeuner, R., Huppertz, H. I., Kaiser-Labusch, P., Greil, J., Jakoby, D., Kulozik, A. E., Graf, N., Heine, S., Garwer, B., Kobbe, R., Lehmberg, K., Mueller, I., Herrmann, F., Horneff, G., Klein, A., Peitz, J., Schmidt, N., Apel, K., Bielack, S., Gross-Wieltsch, U., Deutz, P., Lassay, L., Kamitz, D., Stienen, A., Tenbrock, K., Wagner, N., Classen, C. F., Weiss, M., Bernbeck, B., Brummel, B., Lara-Villacanas, E., Muenstermann, E., Schneider, D., Tietsch, N., Westkemper, M., Naumann-Bartsch, N., Metzler, M., Sobik, B., Kuehnle, I., Kullmann, S., Kramm, C., Girschick, H., Elbe, S., Specker, C., Vinnemeier-Laubenthal, L., Haenicke, H., Schulz, C., Schweigerer, L., Mueller, T. G., Kindle, G., and Grimbacher, B.

Published
2017

6. The European internet-based patient and research database for primary immunodeficiencies: update 2011

Author

Gathmann B., Binder N., Ehl S., Kindle G., Mahlaoui N., Devergnes N., Brosselin P., Sanal O., Yegin O., Kutukculer N., Kilic S. S., Barlan I. B., Reisly I., Caracseghi F., Santos J. L., Llobet P., Carbone J., Granado L. I. G., Sanchez Ramon S., Tricas L., Matamoros N., Exley A., Kumaratne D., Alwood Z., Grimbacher B., Longhurst H., Knerr V., Bangs C., Boardman B., Tierney P., Chapel H., Notarangelo L. D., Plebani A., PIGNATA, CLAUDIO, Nickel R., Schauer U., Spath B., Caiser P., Roisler J., Bieneman K., Line R., Schubert R., El Helou S., Ritterbusch H., Goldacker S., Duckers G., Fabhauer M., Borte M., Notheis G., Belohradsky B. H., Sollinger F., Classen C. F., Apel K., Steinmann S., Muglich C., Szaflarska A., Bernatowska E., Heropolitansca E., Kuijpers T. W., van Beem R., Galal N. M., Reda S., Farber C. L., Meyts I., Velbri S., Kanariou M., Farmaki E., Papadopoulou Alataki E., Trachana M., Richter D., Blaziene A., Seidel M., Marques L., Feighery C., Cucuruz M., Konoplyannikova J., Paschenko O., Shcherbina A., Berglof A., Jardefors H., Wargstrom P., Brodszki N., Cantoni N., Dupenthaler A., Fahrni G., Hoernes M., Sahbacher U., Pasic S., Ciznar P., Jeverica A. K., Litzman J., Hlavackova E., Savchak I., Farkas H., Marodi L., Gathmann, B., Binder, N., Ehl, S., Kindle, G., Mahlaoui, N., Devergnes, N., Brosselin, P., Sanal, O., Yegin, O., Kutukculer, N., Kilic, S. S., Barlan, I. B., Reisly, I., Caracseghi, F., Santos, J. L., Llobet, P., Carbone, J., Granado, L. I. G., Sanchez Ramon, S., Tricas, L., Matamoros, N., Exley, A., Kumaratne, D., Alwood, Z., Grimbacher, B., Longhurst, H., Knerr, V., Bangs, C., Boardman, B., Tierney, P., Chapel, H., Notarangelo, L. D., Plebani, A., Pignata, Claudio, Nickel, R., Schauer, U., Spath, B., Caiser, P., Roisler, J., Bieneman, K., Line, R., Schubert, R., El Helou, S., Ritterbusch, H., Goldacker, S., Duckers, G., Fabhauer, M., Borte, M., Notheis, G., Belohradsky, B. H., Sollinger, F., Classen, C. F., Apel, K., Steinmann, S., Muglich, C., Szaflarska, A., Bernatowska, E., Heropolitansca, E., Kuijpers, T. W., van Beem, R., Galal, N. M., Reda, S., Farber, C. L., Meyts, I., Velbri, S., Kanariou, M., Farmaki, E., Papadopoulou Alataki, E., Trachana, M., Richter, D., Blaziene, A., Seidel, M., Marques, L., Feighery, C., Cucuruz, M., Konoplyannikova, J., Paschenko, O., Shcherbina, A., Berglof, A., Jardefors, H., Wargstrom, P., Brodszki, N., Cantoni, N., Dupenthaler, A., Fahrni, G., Hoernes, M., Sahbacher, U., Pasic, S., Ciznar, P., Jeverica, A. K., Litzman, J., Hlavackova, E., Savchak, I., Farkas, H., and Marodi, L.

Abstract

In order to build a common data pool and estimate the disease burden of primary immunodeficiencies (PID) in Europe, the European Society for Immunodeficiencies (ESID) has developed an internet-based database for clinical and research data on patients with PID. This database is a platform for epidemiological analyses as well as the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies and the identification of novel disease-associated genes. Since its start in 2004, 13,708 patients from 41 countries have been documented in the ESID database. Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) represents the most common entity with 2880 patients or 21% of all entries, followed by selective immunoglobulin A (sIgA) deficiency (1424 patients, 10·4%). The total documented prevalence of PID is highest in France, with five patients per 100,000 inhabitants. The highest documented prevalence for a single disease is 1·3 per 100,000 inhabitants for sIgA deficiency in Hungary. The highest reported incidence of PID per 100,000 live births was 16·2 for the period 1999-2002 in France. The highest reported incidence rate for a single disease was 6·7 for sIgA deficiency in Spain for the period 1999-2002. The genetic cause was known in 36·2% of all registered patients. Consanguinity was reported in 8·8%, and 18·5% of patients were reported to be familial cases; 27·9% of patients were diagnosed after the age of 16. We did not observe a significant decrease in the diagnostic delay for most diseases between 1987 and 2010. The most frequently reported long-term medication is immunoglobulin replacement.

Published
2012

7. The European internet-based patient and research database for primary immunodeficiencies: results 2006-2008

Author

Gathmann B., Grimbacher B., Beauté J., Dudoit Y., Mahlaoui N., Fischer A., Knerr V., Kindle G., Micol R., Benslama L., Plebani A., Notarangelo L., PIGNATA, CLAUDIO, Bangs C., Lucas M., Tierney P., Core C., Dempster J., Exley A., Kumararatne D., Paschenko O., Kondratenko I., Shcherbina A., Velbri S., Ciznar P., Duobiene R., Kilic S., Kütükcüler N., Sanal O., Reisli I., Yegin O., Kanariou M., Papadopoulou Alataki E., Trachana M., Hatzistilianou M., Farber C.M., Meyts I., Pasic S., Richter D., Marodi L., Touitou I., Abuzakouk M., Feighery C., Thon V., Litzman J., Cucuruz M., Wolska B., Szaflarska A., Reda S., Soler P., Caragol I., Llobet P., Savchak I., Marques L., Koren A., Hörnes M., Shchebet S., Goldacker S., Ritterbusch H., Fasshauer M., Sollinger F., Witte T., Baumann U., Wittkowski H., Viemann D., Niehues T., Stimm H., Brodszki N., Institut de génétique humaine (IGH), Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Gathmann, B., Grimbacher, B., Beauté, J., Dudoit, Y., Mahlaoui, N., Fischer, A., Knerr, V., Kindle, G., Micol, R., Benslama, L., Plebani, A., Notarangelo, L., Pignata, Claudio, Bangs, C., Lucas, M., Tierney, P., Core, C., Dempster, J., Exley, A., Kumararatne, D., Paschenko, O., Kondratenko, I., Shcherbina, A., Velbri, S., Ciznar, P., Duobiene, R., Kilic, S., Kütükcüler, N., Sanal, O., Reisli, I., Yegin, O., Kanariou, M., Papadopoulou Alataki, E., Trachana, M., Hatzistilianou, M., Farber, C. M., Meyts, I., Pasic, S., Richter, D., Marodi, L., Touitou, I., Abuzakouk, M., Feighery, C., Thon, V., Litzman, J., Cucuruz, M., Wolska, B., Szaflarska, A., Reda, S., Soler, P., Caragol, I., Llobet, P., Savchak, I., Marques, L., Koren, A., Hörnes, M., Shchebet, S., Goldacker, S., Ritterbusch, H., Fasshauer, M., Sollinger, F., Witte, T., Baumann, U., Wittkowski, H., Viemann, D., Niehues, T., Stimm, H., and Brodszki, N.

Subjects
Male, Databases, Factual, Quality Assurance, Health Care, International Cooperation, PID controller, registry, 0302 clinical medicine, Epidemiology, Prevalence, Immunology and Allergy, Data Protection Act 1998, Registries, Child, ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Password, ESID, 0303 health sciences, Immunoglobulins, Intravenous, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, Europe, Identification (information), Child, Preschool, Female, The Internet, epidemiology, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Immunology, online database, primary immunodeficiency, Young Adult, 03 medical and health sciences, medicine, Humans, Aged, 030304 developmental biology, Internet, business.industry, Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes, Infant, Newborn, Online database, Infant, Original Articles, medicine.disease, [SDV.GEN.GH]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Human genetics, Primary immunodeficiency, business, 030215 immunology
Abstract

Summary Primary immunodeficiencies (PID) are rare diseases; therefore transnational studies are essential to maximize the scientific outcome and to improve diagnosis and therapy. In order to estimate the prevalence of PID in Europe as well as to establish and evaluate harmonized guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of PID, the European Society for Immunodeficiencies (ESID) has developed an internet-based database for clinical and research data on patients with PID. This database is a platform for epidemiological analyses as well as the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic strategies and the identification of novel disease-associated genes. Within 4 years, 7430 patients from 39 countries have been documented in the ESID database. Common variable immunodeficiency (CVID) represents the most common entity, with 1540 patients or 20·7% of all entries, followed by isolated immunoglobulin (Ig)G subclass deficiency (546 patients, 7·4%). Evaluations show that the average life expectancy for PID patients varies from 1 to 49 years (median), depending on the type of PID. The prevalence and incidence of PID remains a key question to be answered. As the registration progress is far from finished we can only calculate minimum values for PID, with e.g. France currently showing a minimum prevalence of 3·72 patients per 100 000 inhabitants. The most frequently documented permanent treatment is immunoglobulin replacement; 2819 patients (42% of all patients alive) currently receive this form of treatment.

Published
2009
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8. Initial presenting manifestations in 16,486 patients with inborn errors of immunity include infections and noninfectious manifestations

Author

Tim Niehues, Catherine Waruiru, Conleth Feighery, Uwe Schauer, Virginie Courteille, Kai Lehmberg, Ingo Müller, I. Esteves, Henner Morbach, Michael Borte, Patrick Hundsdoerfer, Klaus Schwarz, Ewelina Gowin, Alessandro Aiuti, Andreas Holbro, Federica Barzaghi, João Farela Neves, Dagmar Graf, Hannah Tamary, Veneta Milenova, Benedikt Boetticher, Eleonora Gambineri, Vera Goda, Alia Eldash, Jan-Christian Wasmuth, Fabio Candotti, Svetlana O. Sharapova, Markus Metzler, Juergen Brunner, Anna Hilfanova, Brindusa Ruxandra Capilna, Pere Soler-Palacín, Arnau Antolí, Horst von Bernuth, Vassilios Lougaris, Maria Carrabba, Bernd H. Belohradsky, Julian Thalhammer, Nathalie de Vergnes, Peter Olbrich, Peter Kopač, Leif G. Hanitsch, Alexandra Nieters, Filomeen Haerynck, Juliana Gabzdilova, Sezin Aydemir, Rabab El Hawary, Patrick F.K. Yong, Maria Giovanna Danieli, Alberto Tommasini, Sandra Steinmann, Ulrich Baumann, Figen Dogu, Elisabeth Förster-Waldl, Carolina Marasco, Donato Amodio, Lorenzo Lodi, Xavier Solanich, Caterina Cancrini, Brigita Sitkauskiene, Torsten Witte, Clementina Vanessa, Nima Rezaei, Jean-Christophe Goffard, Kirsten Wittke, Emmanouil Liatsis, Helen Baxendale, Susana L. Silva, Bodo Grimbacher, Henrike Ritterbusch, Evangelia Farmaki, Safa Meshaal, Sujal Ghosh, Larysa Kostyuchenko, David Edgar, Simone Cesaro, R Zeuner, Nerea Salmón Rodríguez, Isabella Quinti, Stephan Ehl, Pauline Brosselin, Joerg C. Henes, Pilar Llobet Agulló, Rosa Maria Dellepiane, Andrea Meinhardt, Marina Kojić, Georgios Sogkas, Stephan Borte, Catharina Schuetz, Suheyla Ocak, Karin Marschall, Lukas M. Gasteiger, Stefan Raffac, Sofia Tantou, Sadia Noorani, Matthaios Speletas, Philippe Randrianomenjanahary, Ursula Holzer, Ayca Kiykim, Johannes G. Liese, Angelo Vacca, Gisela Fecker, Ekrem Unal, Koen J. van Aerde, Alba Parra-Martínez, Kaan Boztug, Sophie Stiehler, Sybille Landwehr-Kenzel, Claudio Pignata, Jennifer Neubert, Janine Reichenbach, Shahnaz Parvin, Sarah Goddard, Andrea Schroll, Dirk Holzinger, Asghar Aghamohammadi, Hassan Abolhassani, Johannes Trück, Estela Paz-Artal, Shereen M. Reda, Anna Shcherbina, Maria Raptaki, Jaroslava Orosova, Beata Wolska-Kuśnierz, Tessa Kerre, Gerrit Ahrenstorf, Ben Zion Garty, Dirk Foell, Benjamin Becker, Ulrike F. Demel, Androniki Kapousouzi, Abraham Rutgers, Klaus Warnatz, Gemma Rocamora Blanch, Stephan Rusch, Luis M. Allende, Dalia Abd Elaziz, Safa Baris, Jorisvan Montfrans, Dominik T. Schneider, Raphael Scheible, Juana Gil-Herrera, Gerhard Kindle, Annarosa Soresina, Giovanna Fabio, Uwe Wintergerst, Emilia Faria, Maria Fasshauer, Silvia Ricci, Aisha Elmarsafy, Barbara Pietrucha, Carsten Speckmann, Nizar Mahlaoui, Ulrich Heininger, Isabelle Meyts, Matthew Buckland, Efimia Papadopoulou-Alataki, Robin Kobbe, A Herwadkar, Sebastian F. N. Bode, Ali Sobh, László Maródi, Baldassarre Martire, Chiara Azzari, Maximilian Heeg, Katja Masjosthusmann, Michael H. Albert, Matteo Chinello, Juan Luis Santos-Pérez, Aarnoud Huissoon, Tanya I. Coulter, Hendrik Schulze-Koops, Norbert Graf, Radwa Alkady, Jolanta Bernatoniene, Seraina Prader, Alenka Gagro, Joachim Roesler, Taco W. Kuijpers, Ewa Więsik-Szewczyk, Maria Elena Maccari, Conrad Ferdinand Lippert, Miriam González-Amores, Johannes Dirks, Daniel E Pleguezuelo, Christof M. Kramm, Anders Fasth, Volker Schuster, Olov Ekwall, Nikolaus Rieber, Javier Carbone, Petra Kaiser-Labusch, Diana Ernst, Lucia Augusta Baselli, Luis Ignacio Gonzalez-Granado, Maria Kanariou, Stefanie S. V. Henriet, Sigune Goldacker, Kerstin Felgentreff, Oana Joean, Fine Roosens, Fabian Hauck, Eva C. Schwaneck, Milos Jesenak, Manfred Hoenig, Lenka Kapustova, Christoph Boesecke, Alain Fischer, Sara Pereira da Silva, Julia Körholz, Ansgar Schulz, Carolynne Schwarze-Zander, Mikko Seppänen, Nermeen Galal, Nora Naumann-Bartsch, Tomaz Garcez, Peter Ciznar, Klara M. Posfay-Barbe, Zelimir Pavle Eric, Reinhold E. Schmidt, Hermann J. Girschick, Sabine Heine, Anika-Kerstin Biegner, Annick A. J. M. van de Ven, Stefan Schreiber, J. Merlijn van den Berg, Nurit Assia Batzir, Alexandra Jablonka, Kim Stol, Gregor Dückers, Antonios G.A. Kolios, Ioannis Kakkas, Christian Klemann, Marina N. Guseva, Sofia Grigoriadou, Elif Karakoc-Aydiner, Antonio Marzollo, Peter D. Arkwright, Urs C. Steiner, Sara Sebnem Kilic, Romina Dieli-Crimi, Gergely Kriván, Monika Sparber-Sauer, Marco Cazzaniga, Fulvio Porta, Paraskevi Maggina, Tomas Milota, Robbert G. M. Bredius, Martine Pergent, Klaus Tenbrock, Jana Pachlopnik Schmid, Florentia Dimitriou, Cathal Laurence Steele, Helen Bourne, Anna Bobcakova, Gerd Horneff, Judith Potjewijd, Marc Schmalzing, Tobias Ankermann, Paul Ryan, Oksana Boyarchuk, Necil Kutukculer, Carl Friedrich Classen, Zita Chovancová, Moira Thomas, Cinzia Milito, Michaela Bitzenhofer-Grüber, Faranaz Atschekzei, Eva Hlaváčková, Viviana Moschese, Julie Smet, Hans-Hartmut Peter, Carla Teixeira, Sabine M El-Helou, Suzanne de Kruijf Bazen, Helmut Wittkowski, Donate Jakoby, Marina Garcia-Prat, Esther de Vries, Richard Herriot, Sven Kracker, Alessandro Plebani, Lisa Göschl, Laura Hora Marques, Anna Sediva, Jiri Litzman, Mark M. Gompels, Renate Krüger, Şefika İlknur Kökçü Karadağ, Nadine Binder, Anna Szaflarska, Peter Jandus, Lisa Ibberson, Johann Greil, Ulf Schulze-Sturm, Mehtap Sirin, Aydan Ikinciogullari, Edyta Heropolitańska-Pliszka, Michael E. Weiss, Alla Skapenko, Lukas Wisgrill, Hana Alachkar, Uta Behrends, Silvia Sánchez-Ramón, Maria N. Hatzistilianou, Otilia Petrovicova, Darko Richter, Zoreh Nademi, Jürgen K. Rockstroh, Sohilla Lotfy, Markus G. Seidel, Timothy Ronan Leahy, Audra Blažienė, Translational Immunology Groningen (TRIGR), Paediatric Infectious Diseases / Rheumatology / Immunology, AII - Inflammatory diseases, ARD - Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, University of Zurich, Ehl, Stephan, Thalhammer, J., Kindle, G., Nieters, A., Rusch, S., Seppanen, M. R. J., Fischer, A., Grimbacher, B., Edgar, D., Buckland, M., Mahlaoui, N., Ehl, S., Boztug, K., Brunner, J., Demel, U. F., Forster-Waldl, E., Gasteiger, L. M., Goschl, L., Kojic, M., Schroll, A., Seidel, M. G., Wintergerst, U., Wisgrill, L., Sharapova, S. O., Goffard, J. -C., Kerre, T., Meyts, I., Roosens, F., Smet, J., Haerynck, F., Eric, Z. P., Milenova, V., Gagro, A., Richter, D., Chovancova, Z., Hlavackova, E., Litzman, J., Milota, T., Sediva, A., Elaziz, D. A., Alkady, R. S., El Sayed El Hawary, R., Eldash, A. S., Galal, N., Lotfy, S., Meshaal, S. S., Reda, S. M., Sobh, A., Elmarsafy, A., Brosselin, P., Courteille, V., De Vergnes, N., Kracker, S., Pergent, M., Randrianomenjanahary, P., Ahrenstorf, G., Albert, M. H., Ankermann, T., Atschekzei, F., Baumann, U., Becker, B. C., Behrends, U., Belohradsky, B. H., Biegner, A. -K., Binder, N., Bode, S. F. N., Boesecke, C., Boetticher, B., Borte, M., Borte, S., Classen, C. F., Dirks, J., Duckers, G., El-Helou, S., Ernst, D., Fasshauer, M., Fecker, G., Felgentreff, K., Foell, D., Ghosh, S., Girschick, H. J., Goldacker, S., Graf, N., Graf, D., Greil, J., Hanitsch, L. G., Hauck, F., Heeg, M., Heine, S. I., Henes, J. C., Hoenig, M., Holzer, U., Holzinger, D., Horneff, G., Hundsdoerfer, P., Jablonka, A., Jakoby, D., Joean, O., Kaiser-Labusch, P., Klemann, C., Kobbe, R., Korholz, J., Kramm, C. M., Kruger, R., Landwehr-Kenzel, S., Lehmberg, K., Liese, J. G., Lippert, C. F., Maccari, M. E., Masjosthusmann, K., Meinhardt, A., Metzler, M., Morbach, H., Muller, I., Naumann-Bartsch, N., Neubert, J., Niehues, T., Peter, H. -H., Rieber, N., Ritterbusch, H., Rockstroh, J. K., Roesler, J., Schauer, U., Scheible, R., Schmalzing, M., Schmidt, R. E., Schneider, D. T., Schreiber, S., Schuetz, C., Schulz, A., Schulze-Koops, H., Schulze-Sturm, U., Schuster, V., Schwaneck, E. C., Schwarz, K., Schwarze-Zander, C., Sirin, M., Skapenko, A., Sogkas, G., Sparber-Sauer, M., Speckmann, C., Steinmann, S., Stiehler, S., Tenbrock, K., von Bernuth, H., Warnatz, K., Wasmuth, J. -C., Weiss, M., Witte, T., Wittke, K., Wittkowski, H., Zeuner, R. A., Farmaki, E., Hatzistilianou, M. N., Kakkas, I., Kanariou, M. G., Kapousouzi, A., Liatsis, E., Maggina, P., Papadopoulou-Alataki, E., Raptaki, M., Speletas, M., Tantou, S., Goda, V., Krivan, G., Marodi, L., Abolhassani, H., Aghamohammadi, A., Rezaei, N., Feighery, C., Leahy, T. R., Ryan, P., Batzir, N. A., Garty, B. Z., Tamary, H., Aiuti, A., Amodio, D., Azzari, C., Barzaghi, F., Baselli, L. A., Cancrini, C., Carrabba, M., Cazzaniga, M., Cesaro, S., Chinello, M., Danieli, M. G., Dellepiane, R. M., Fabio, G., Gambineri, E., Lodi, L., Lougaris, V., Marasco, C., Martire, B., Marzollo, A., Milito, C., Moschese, V., Pignata, C., Plebani, A., Porta, F., Quinti, I., Ricci, S., Soresina, A., Tommasini, A., Vacca, A., Vanessa, C., Blaziene, A., Sitkauskiene, B., Gowin, E., Heropolitanska-Pliszka, E., Pietrucha, B., Szaflarska, A., Wiesik-Szewczyk, E., Wolska-Kusnierz, B., Esteves, I., Faria, E., Marques, L. H., Neves, J. F., Silva, S. L., Teixeira, C., Pereira da Silva, S., Capilna, B. R., Guseva, M. N., Shcherbina, A., Bobcakova, A., Ciznar, P., Gabzdilova, J., Jesenak, M., Kapustova, L., Orosova, J., Petrovicova, O., Raffac, S., Kopac, P., Allende, L. M., Antoli, A., Blanch, G. R., Carbone, J., Dieli-Crimi, R., Garcia-Prat, M., Gil-Herrera, J., Gonzalez-Granado, L. I., Agullo, P. L., Olbrich, P., Parra-Martinez, A., Paz-Artal, E., Pleguezuelo, D. E., Rodriguez, N. S., Sanchez-Ramon, S., Santos-Perez, J. L., Solanich, X., Soler-Palacin, P., Gonzalez-Amores, M., Ekwall, O., Fasth, A., Bitzenhofer-Gruber, M., Candotti, F., Dimitriou, F., Heininger, U., Holbro, A., Jandus, P., Kolios, A. G. A., Marschall, K., Schmid, J. P., Posfay-Barbe, K. M., Prader, S., Reichenbach, J., Steiner, U. C., Truck, J., Bredius, R. G., de Kruijf- Bazen, S., de Vries, E., Henriet, S. S. V., Kuijpers, T. W., Potjewijd, J., Rutgers, A., Stol, K., van Aerde, K. J., Van den Berg, J. M., van de Ven, A. A. J. M., Montfrans, J., Aydemir, S., Baris, S., Dogu, F., Ikinciogullari, A., Karakoc-Aydiner, E., Kilic, S. S., Kiykim, A., Kokcu Karadag, S. I., Kutukculer, N., Ocak, S., Unal, E., Boyarchuk, O., Hilfanova, A., Kostyuchenko, L. V., Alachkar, H., Arkwright, P. D., Baxendale, H. E., Bernatoniene, J., Coulter, T. I., Garcez, T., Goddard, S., Gompels, M. M., Grigoriadou, S., Herriot, R., Herwadkar, A., Huissoon, A., Ibberson, L., Nademi, Z., Noorani, S., Parvin, S., Steele, C. L., Thomas, M., Waruiru, C., Yong, P. F. K., and Bourne, H.

Subjects
0301 basic medicine, Male, Pediatrics, syndromic, Sex Factor, Disease, registry, medicine.disease_cause, Cohort Studies, 0302 clinical medicine, Primary Immunodeficiency Disease, inborn error of immunity, Immunology and Allergy, warning signs, Age Factor, Registries, Family history, presenting symptom, Child, Primary immunodeficiency, Granuloma, autoimmune, immune dysregulation, inflammatory, Adult, Autoimmune Diseases, Female, Humans, Infections, Lymphoproliferative Disorders, Middle Aged, Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases, Sex Factors, Age Factors, 10177 Dermatology Clinic, Infections/epidemiology, 3. Good health, Settore MED/02, Warning signs, Lymphoproliferative Disorder, 2723 Immunology and Allergy, Infection, Human, medicine.medical_specialty, Immunology, 610 Medicine & health, Malignancy, primary immunodeficiency, Autoimmune Disease, 03 medical and health sciences, Immunity, Autoimmune Diseases/epidemiology, medicine, 2403 Immunology, business.industry, warning sign, Common variable immunodeficiency, Granuloma/epidemiology, Immune dysregulation, medicine.disease, Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases/epidemiology, 030104 developmental biology, Lymphoproliferative Disorders/epidemiology, Cohort Studie, business, 030215 immunology
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Inborn errors of immunity (IEI) are rare diseases, which makes diagnosis a challenge. A better description of the initial presenting manifestations should improve awareness and avoid diagnostic delay. Although increased infection susceptibility is a well-known initial IEI manifestation, less is known about the frequency of other presenting manifestations.OBJECTIVE: We sought to analyze age-related initial presenting manifestations of IEI including different IEI disease cohorts.METHODS: We analyzed data on 16,486 patients of the European Society for Immunodeficiencies Registry. Patients with autoinflammatory diseases were excluded because of the limited number registered.RESULTS: Overall, 68% of patients initially presented with infections only, 9% with immune dysregulation only, and 9% with a combination of both. Syndromic features were the presenting feature in 12%, 4% had laboratory abnormalities only, 1.5% were diagnosed because of family history only, and 0.8% presented with malignancy. Two-third of patients with IEI presented before the age of 6 years, but a quarter of patients developed initial symptoms only as adults. Immune dysregulation was most frequently recognized as an initial IEI manifestation between age 6 and 25 years, with male predominance until age 10 years, shifting to female predominance after age 40 years. Infections were most prevalent as a first manifestation in patients presenting after age 30 years.CONCLUSIONS: An exclusive focus on infection-centered warning signs would have missed around 25% of patients with IEI who initially present with other manifestations.

Published
2021

9. X-linked lymphoproliferative disease due to SAP/SH2D1A deficiency: a multicenter study on the manifestations, management and outcome of the disease

Author

Claire, Booth, Kimberly C, Gilmour, Paul, Veys, Andrew R, Gennery, Mary A, Slatter, Helen, Chapel, Paul T, Heath, Colin G, Steward, Owen, Smith, Anna, O'Meara, Hilary, Kerrigan, Nizar, Mahlaoui, Marina, Cavazzana-Calvo, Alain, Fischer, Despina, Moshous, Stephane, Blanche, Jana, Pachlopnik Schmid, Jana, Pachlopnick-Schmid, Sylvain, Latour, Genevieve, de Saint-Basile, Michael, Albert, Gundula, Notheis, Nikolaus, Rieber, Brigitte, Strahm, Henrike, Ritterbusch, Arjan, Lankester, Nico G, Hartwig, Isabelle, Meyts, Alessandro, Plebani, Annarosa, Soresina, Andrea, Finocchi, Claudio, Pignata, Emilia, Cirillo, Sonia, Bonanomi, Christina, Peters, Krzysztof, Kalwak, Srdjan, Pasic, Petr, Sedlacek, Janez, Jazbec, Hirokazu, Kanegane, Kim E, Nichols, I Celine, Hanson, Neena, Kapoor, Elie, Haddad, Morton, Cowan, Sharon, Choo, Joanne, Smart, Peter D, Arkwright, Hubert B, Gaspar, Pediatrics, Booth, C., Gilmour, K. C., Veys, P., Gennery, A. R., Slatter, M. A., Chapel, H., Heath, P. T., Steward, C. G., Smith, O., O'Meara, A., Kerrigan, H., Mahlaoui, N., Cavazzana Calvo, M., Fischer, A., Moshous, D., Blanche, S., Pachlopnik Schmid, J., Latour, S., de Saint Basile, G., Albert, M., Notheis, G., Rieber, N., Strahm, B., Ritterbusch, H., Lankester, A., Hartwig, N. G., Meyts, I., Plebani, A., Soresina, A., Finocchi, A., Pignata, Claudio, Cirillo, E., Bonanomi, S., Peters, C., Kalwak, K., Pasic, S., Sedlacek, P., Jazbec, J., Kanegane, H., Nichols, K. E., Hanson, I. C., Kapoor, N., Haddad, E., Cowan, M., Choo, S., Smart, J., Arkwright, P. D., and Gaspar, H. B.

Subjects
Male, Pediatrics, Epstein-Barr Virus Infections, Herpesvirus 4, Human, Clinical Trials and Observations, medicine.medical_treatment, Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, medicine.disease_cause, Biochemistry, 0302 clinical medicine, Signaling Lymphocytic Activation Molecule Family Member 1, hemic and lymphatic diseases, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols, Medicine, X-Linked Lymphoproliferative Syndrome, Signaling Lymphocytic Activation Molecule Associated Protein, Child, Immunodeficiency, 0303 health sciences, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins, Hematology, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, Survival Rate, Child, Preschool, Female, SAP, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Adolescent, Immunology, Lymphoproliferative disorders, Receptors, Cell Surface, XLP, SAP, Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, Antigens, CD, XLP, Humans, Survival rate, 030304 developmental biology, Settore MED/38 - Pediatria Generale e Specialistica, Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis, business.industry, Infant, Newborn, X-linked lymphoproliferative disease, Infant, Cell Biology, Immune dysregulation, medicine.disease, stem-cell transplantation barr-virus infection hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis cutting edge t-cells lymphocytic vasculitis encoding gene sap activation mononucleosis, Lymphoproliferative Disorders, Mutation, business, 030215 immunology
Abstract

X-linked lymphoproliferative disease (XLP1) is a rare immunodeficiency characterized by severe immune dysregulation and caused by mutations in the SH2D1A/SAP gene. Clinical manifestations are varied and include hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), lymphoma and dysgammaglobulinemia, often triggered by Epstein-Barr virus infection. Historical data published before improved treatment regimens shows very poor outcome. We describe a large cohort of 91 genetically defined XLP1 patients collected from centers worldwide and report characteristics and outcome data for 43 patients receiving hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) and 48 untransplanted patients. The advent of better treatment strategies for HLH and malignancy has greatly reduced mortality for these patients, but HLH still remains the most severe feature of XLP1. Survival after allogeneic HSCT is 81.4% with good immune reconstitution in the large majority of patients and little evidence of posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease. However, survival falls to 50% in patients with HLH as a feature of disease. Untransplanted patients have an overall survival of 62.5% with the majority on immunoglobulin replacement therapy, but the outcome for those untransplanted after HLH is extremely poor (18.8%). HSCT should be undertaken in all patients with HLH, because outcome without transplant is extremely poor. The outcome of HSCT for other manifestations of XLP1 is very good, and if HSCT is not undertaken immediately, patients must be monitored closely for evidence of disease progression.

Published
2011

10. Diagnostic evaluation of paediatric autoimmune lymphoproliferative immunodeficiencies (ALPID): a prospective cohort study.

Author

Hägele P, Staus P, Scheible R, Uhlmann A, Heeg M, Klemann C, Maccari ME, Ritterbusch H, Armstrong M, Cutcutache I, Elliott KS, von Bernuth H, Leahy TR, Leyh J, Holzinger D, Lehmberg K, Svec P, Masjosthusmann K, Hambleton S, Jakob M, Sparber-Sauer M, Kager L, Puzik A, Wolkewitz M, Lorenz MR, Schwarz K, Speckmann C, Rensing-Ehl A, and Ehl S

Subjects
Male, Female, Child, Humans, Child, Preschool, Adolescent, Prospective Studies, Biomarkers, Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing genetics, Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome diagnosis, Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome genetics, Autoimmune Lymphoproliferative Syndrome therapy, Common Variable Immunodeficiency, Anemia, Hemolytic, Autoimmune, Thrombocytopenia
Abstract

Background: Lymphoproliferation and autoimmune cytopenias characterise autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome. Other conditions sharing these manifestations have been termed autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome-like diseases, although they are frequently more severe. The aim of this study was to define the genetic, clinical, and immunological features of these disorders to improve their diagnostic classification., Methods: In this prospective cohort study, patients were referred to the Center for Chronic Immunodeficiency in Freiburg, Germany, between Jan 1, 2008 and March 5, 2022. We enrolled patients younger than 18 years with lymphoproliferation and autoimmune cytopenia, lymphoproliferation and at least one additional sign of an inborn error of immunity (SoIEI), bilineage autoimmune cytopenia, or autoimmune cytopenia and at least one additional SoIEI. Autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome biomarkers were determined in all patients. Sanger sequencing followed by in-depth genetic studies were recommended for patients with biomarkers indicative of autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome, while IEI panels, exome sequencing, or genome sequencing were recommended for patients without such biomarkers. Genetic analyses were done as decided by the treating physician. The study was registered on the German Clinical Trials Register, DRKS00011383, and is ongoing., Findings: We recruited 431 children referred for autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome evaluation, of whom 236 (55%) were included on the basis of lymphoproliferation and autoimmune cytopenia, 148 (34%) on the basis of lymphoproliferation and another SoIEI, 33 (8%) on the basis of autoimmune bicytopenia, and 14 (3%) on the basis of autoimmune cytopenia and another SoIEI. Median age at diagnostic evaluation was 9·8 years (IQR 5·5-13·8), and the cohort comprised 279 (65%) boys and 152 (35%) girls. After biomarker and genetic assessments, autoimmune lymphoproliferative syndrome was diagnosed in 71 (16%) patients. Among the remaining 360 patients, 54 (15%) had mostly autosomal-dominant autoimmune lymphoproliferative immunodeficiencies (AD-ALPID), most commonly affecting JAK-STAT (26 patients), CTLA4-LRBA (14), PI3K (six), RAS (five), or NFκB (three) signalling. 19 (5%) patients had other IEIs, 17 (5%) had non-IEI diagnoses, 79 (22%) were unresolved despite extended genetics (ALPID-U), and 191 (53%) had insufficient genetic workup for diagnosis. 16 (10%) of 161 patients with a final diagnosis had somatic mutations. Alternative classification of patients fulfilling common variable immunodeficiency or Evans syndrome criteria did not increase the proportion of genetic diagnoses., Interpretation: The ALPID phenotype defined in this study is enriched for patients with genetic diseases treatable with targeted therapies. The term ALPID might be useful to focus diagnostic and therapeutic efforts by triggering extended genetic analysis and consideration of targeted therapies, including in some children currently classified as having common variable immunodeficiency or Evans syndrome., Funding: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft under Germany's Excellence Strategy., Translation: For the German translation of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section., Competing Interests: Declaration of interests SE are members of a data monitoring committee for leniolisib (Pharming). SH and SE received research funding from Pharming. MA and IC are a full-time employees of UCB Pharma and are shareholders of UCB. SE received research support from UCB for this study, including the whole-genome trio analysis of 30 families. All other authors declare no competing interests., (Copyright © 2024 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)

Published
2024
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11. A patient empowerment program for primary immunodeficiency improves quality of life in children and adolescents.

Author

Fasshauer M, Schuermann G, Gebert N, Bernuth HV, Bullinger M, Goldacker S, Krueger R, Manzey P, Messner S, Renner ED, Ritterbusch H, Schauer U, Schulze I, Umlauf V, Widmann S, and Baumann U

Subjects
Humans, Child, Male, Female, Adolescent, Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases therapy, Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases immunology, Patient Participation, Surveys and Questionnaires, Child, Preschool, Empowerment, Parents psychology, Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes therapy, Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes psychology, Quality of Life
Abstract

Aim: To assess a patient empowerment program (PEP) for children/adolescents with primary immunodeficiency (PID) on IgG replacement therapy regarding quality of life (QoL) in patients and proxy. Patients & methods: Health-related QoL was assessed using KIDSCREEN-27 and DISABKIDS-37 before and 6 months after PID-PEP kids in 19 children/adolescents and their parents. Results: The following three dimensions of the KIDSCREEN-27 significantly increased in children/adolescents after PID-PEP kids as compared with baseline: Psychological Well-Being, Parents & Autonomy and School Environment. Total DISABKIDS-37 index, as well as 5 of the 6 DISABKIDS-37 dimensions, significantly increased, in other words, Independence, Emotion, Social Inclusion, Social Exclusion and Physical. Evaluation of proxy instruments showed comparable results. Conclusion: PID-PEP kids significantly improved QoL in patients with PID.

Published
2024
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12. Activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase δ syndrome: Update from the ESID Registry and comparison with other autoimmune-lymphoproliferative inborn errors of immunity.

Author

Maccari ME, Wolkewitz M, Schwab C, Lorenzini T, Leiding JW, Aladjdi N, Abolhassani H, Abou-Chahla W, Aiuti A, Azarnoush S, Baris S, Barlogis V, Barzaghi F, Baumann U, Bloomfield M, Bohynikova N, Bodet D, Boutboul D, Bucciol G, Buckland MS, Burns SO, Cancrini C, Cathébras P, Cavazzana M, Cheminant M, Chinello M, Ciznar P, Coulter TI, D'Aveni M, Ekwall O, Eric Z, Eren E, Fasth A, Frange P, Fournier B, Garcia-Prat M, Gardembas M, Geier C, Ghosh S, Goda V, Hammarström L, Hauck F, Heeg M, Heropolitanska-Pliszka E, Hilfanova A, Jolles S, Karakoc-Aydiner E, Kindle GR, Kiykim A, Klemann C, Koletsi P, Koltan S, Kondratenko I, Körholz J, Krüger R, Jeziorski E, Levy R, Le Guenno G, Lefevre G, Lougaris V, Marzollo A, Mahlaoui N, Malphettes M, Meinhardt A, Merlin E, Meyts I, Milota T, Moreira F, Moshous D, Mukhina A, Neth O, Neubert J, Neven B, Nieters A, Nove-Josserand R, Oksenhendler E, Ozen A, Olbrich P, Perlat A, Pac M, Schmid JP, Pacillo L, Parra-Martinez A, Paschenko O, Pellier I, Sefer AP, Plebani A, Plantaz D, Prader S, Raffray L, Ritterbusch H, Riviere JG, Rivalta B, Rusch S, Sakovich I, Savic S, Scheible R, Schleinitz N, Schuetz C, Schulz A, Sediva A, Semeraro M, Sharapova SO, Shcherbina A, Slatter MA, Sogkas G, Soler-Palacin P, Speckmann C, Stephan JL, Suarez F, Tommasini A, Trück J, Uhlmann A, van Aerde KJ, van Montfrans J, von Bernuth H, Warnatz K, Williams T, Worth AJJ, Ip W, Picard C, Catherinot E, Nademi Z, Grimbacher B, Forbes Satter LR, Kracker S, Chandra A, Condliffe AM, and Ehl S

Subjects
Humans, Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases genetics, Class I Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases, CTLA-4 Antigen genetics, Mutation, Registries, Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinase genetics, Primary Immunodeficiency Diseases genetics
Abstract

Background: Activated phosphoinositide-3-kinase δ syndrome (APDS) is an inborn error of immunity (IEI) with infection susceptibility and immune dysregulation, clinically overlapping with other conditions. Management depends on disease evolution, but predictors of severe disease are lacking., Objectives: This study sought to report the extended spectrum of disease manifestations in APDS1 versus APDS2; compare these to CTLA4 deficiency, NFKB1 deficiency, and STAT3 gain-of-function (GOF) disease; and identify predictors of severity in APDS., Methods: Data was collected from the ESID (European Society for Immunodeficiencies)-APDS registry and was compared with published cohorts of the other IEIs., Results: The analysis of 170 patients with APDS outlines high penetrance and early onset of APDS compared to the other IEIs. The large clinical heterogeneity even in individuals with the same PIK3CD variant E1021K illustrates how poorly the genotype predicts the disease phenotype and course. The high clinical overlap between APDS and the other investigated IEIs suggests relevant pathophysiological convergence of the affected pathways. Preferentially affected organ systems indicate specific pathophysiology: bronchiectasis is typical of APDS1; interstitial lung disease and enteropathy are more common in STAT3 GOF and CTLA4 deficiency. Endocrinopathies are most frequent in STAT3 GOF, but growth impairment is also common, particularly in APDS2. Early clinical presentation is a risk factor for severe disease in APDS., Conclusions: APDS illustrates how a single genetic variant can result in a diverse autoimmune-lymphoproliferative phenotype. Overlap with other IEIs is substantial. Some specific features distinguish APDS1 from APDS2. Early onset is a risk factor for severe disease course calling for specific treatment studies in younger patients., (Copyright © 2023 American Academy of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. All rights reserved.)

Published
2023
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13. A structured patient empowerment programme for primary immunodeficiency significantly improves general and health-related quality of life.

Author

Fasshauer M, Schuermann G, Gebert N, von Bernuth H, Goldacker S, Krueger R, Manzey P, Notheis G, Ritterbusch H, Schauer U, Schulze I, Umlauf V, Widmann S, and Baumann U

Abstract

Introduction: Primary immunodeficiencies (PIDs) are a heterogeneous group of rare diseases characterized by increased susceptibility to infections and a reduced quality of life (QoL). The influence of a patient empowerment programme for PID (PID-PEP) on general and health-related QoL was assessed in the present study., Material and Methods: PID-PEP is provided by a multidisciplinary team for patients with PID and immunoglobulin G (IgG) replacement therapy during a weekend course to improve patient self-management regarding chronic disease and long-term therapy. Twenty-six adult patients with PID undergoing PID-PEP were recruited. Short Form-36 (SF-36) and the Life Quality Index (LQI) were assessed as generic and disease-specific QoL instruments before as well as 6 months after the programme., Results: Median visual analogue scale (VAS) values of present health status significantly increased from 68 at baseline to 76 after PID-PEP (p = 0.002). Furthermore, the SF-36 mental component summary (MCS) significantly improved from 36 to 43 following the programme (p = 0.042). Of the eight SF-36 dimensions, vitality (VT) significantly improved (p = 0.025). Median LQI index significantly increased from 77 at baseline to 86 after PID-PEP (p = 0.008). Furthermore, the LQI domains treatment interference (I) and therapy-related problems (II) significantly improved., Conclusions: Our PID-PEP significantly improved general and health-related QoL. It needs to be evaluated in future studies whether the beneficial effects of PID-PEP are sustained over longer periods of time and whether repeated PID-PEP sessions further improve QoL outcome., Competing Interests: The authors declare no conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2021 Termedia.)

Published
2021
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14. The German National Registry of Primary Immunodeficiencies (2012-2017).

Author

El-Helou SM, Biegner AK, Bode S, Ehl SR, Heeg M, Maccari ME, Ritterbusch H, Speckmann C, Rusch S, Scheible R, Warnatz K, Atschekzei F, Beider R, Ernst D, Gerschmann S, Jablonka A, Mielke G, Schmidt RE, Schürmann G, Sogkas G, Baumann UH, Klemann C, Viemann D, von Bernuth H, Krüger R, Hanitsch LG, Scheibenbogen CM, Wittke K, Albert MH, Eichinger A, Hauck F, Klein C, Rack-Hoch A, Sollinger FM, Avila A, Borte M, Borte S, Fasshauer M, Hauenherm A, Kellner N, Müller AH, Ülzen A, Bader P, Bakhtiar S, Lee JY, Heß U, Schubert R, Wölke S, Zielen S, Ghosh S, Laws HJ, Neubert J, Oommen PT, Hönig M, Schulz A, Steinmann S, Schwarz K, Dückers G, Lamers B, Langemeyer V, Niehues T, Shai S, Graf D, Müglich C, Schmalzing MT, Schwaneck EC, Tony HP, Dirks J, Haase G, Liese JG, Morbach H, Foell D, Hellige A, Wittkowski H, Masjosthusmann K, Mohr M, Geberzahn L, Hedrich CM, Müller C, Rösen-Wolff A, Roesler J, Zimmermann A, Behrends U, Rieber N, Schauer U, Handgretinger R, Holzer U, Henes J, Kanz L, Boesecke C, Rockstroh JK, Schwarze-Zander C, Wasmuth JC, Dilloo D, Hülsmann B, Schönberger S, Schreiber S, Zeuner R, Ankermann T, von Bismarck P, Huppertz HI, Kaiser-Labusch P, Greil J, Jakoby D, Kulozik AE, Metzler M, Naumann-Bartsch N, Sobik B, Graf N, Heine S, Kobbe R, Lehmberg K, Müller I, Herrmann F, Horneff G, Klein A, Peitz J, Schmidt N, Bielack S, Groß-Wieltsch U, Classen CF, Klasen J, Deutz P, Kamitz D, Lassay L, Tenbrock K, Wagner N, Bernbeck B, Brummel B, Lara-Villacanas E, Münstermann E, Schneider DT, Tietsch N, Westkemper M, Weiß M, Kramm C, Kühnle I, Kullmann S, Girschick H, Specker C, Vinnemeier-Laubenthal E, Haenicke H, Schulz C, Schweigerer L, Müller TG, Stiefel M, Belohradsky BH, Soetedjo V, Kindle G, and Grimbacher B

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Child, Child, Preschool, Delayed Diagnosis, Female, Genetic Therapy, Germany epidemiology, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Humans, Immunoglobulins therapeutic use, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Male, Middle Aged, Prevalence, Registries, Young Adult, Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes diagnosis, Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes epidemiology, Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes genetics, Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes therapy
Abstract

Introduction: The German PID-NET registry was founded in 2009, serving as the first national registry of patients with primary immunodeficiencies (PID) in Germany. It is part of the European Society for Immunodeficiencies (ESID) registry. The primary purpose of the registry is to gather data on the epidemiology, diagnostic delay, diagnosis, and treatment of PIDs. Methods: Clinical and laboratory data was collected from 2,453 patients from 36 German PID centres in an online registry. Data was analysed with the software Stata® and Excel. Results: The minimum prevalence of PID in Germany is 2.72 per 100,000 inhabitants. Among patients aged 1-25, there was a clear predominance of males. The median age of living patients ranged between 7 and 40 years, depending on the respective PID. Predominantly antibody disorders were the most prevalent group with 57% of all 2,453 PID patients (including 728 CVID patients). A gene defect was identified in 36% of patients. Familial cases were observed in 21% of patients. The age of onset for presenting symptoms ranged from birth to late adulthood (range 0-88 years). Presenting symptoms comprised infections (74%) and immune dysregulation (22%). Ninety-three patients were diagnosed without prior clinical symptoms. Regarding the general and clinical diagnostic delay, no PID had undergone a slight decrease within the last decade. However, both, SCID and hyper IgE- syndrome showed a substantial improvement in shortening the time between onset of symptoms and genetic diagnosis. Regarding treatment, 49% of all patients received immunoglobulin G (IgG) substitution (70%-subcutaneous; 29%-intravenous; 1%-unknown). Three-hundred patients underwent at least one hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Five patients had gene therapy. Conclusion: The German PID-NET registry is a precious tool for physicians, researchers, the pharmaceutical industry, politicians, and ultimately the patients, for whom the outcomes will eventually lead to a more timely diagnosis and better treatment.

Published
2019
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15. Eosinophilia and reduced STAT3 signaling affect neutrophil cell death in autosomal-dominant Hyper-IgE syndrome.

Author

Farmand S, Kremer B, Häffner M, Pütsep K, Bergman P, Sundin M, Ritterbusch H, Seidl M, Follo M, Henneke P, and Henriques-Normark B

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Cell Death, Cells, Cultured, Child, Child, Preschool, Chromosome Disorders, Cohort Studies, Female, Humans, Male, STAT3 Transcription Factor genetics, Signal Transduction genetics, Young Adult, Eosinophilia immunology, Eosinophils immunology, Job Syndrome immunology, Neutrophils immunology, STAT3 Transcription Factor metabolism
Abstract

The autosomal-dominant hyper-IgE syndrome (HIES), caused by mutations in STAT3, is a rare primary immunodeficiency that predisposes to mucocutaneous candidiasis and staphylococcal skin and lung infections. This infection phenotype is suggestive of defects in neutrophils, but data on neutrophil functions in HIES are inconsistent. This study was undertaken to functionally characterize neutrophils in STAT3-deficient HIES patients and to analyze whether the patients` eosinophilia affects the neutrophil phenotype in S. aureus infection. Neutrophil functions and cell death kinetics were studied in eight STAT3-deficient patients. Moreover, the response of STAT3-deficient neutrophils to S. aureus and the impact of autologous eosinophils on pathogen-induced cell death were analyzed. No specific aberrations in neutrophil functions were detected within this cohort. However, the half-life of STAT3-deficient neutrophils ex vivo was reduced, which was partially attributable to the presence of eosinophils. Increased S. aureus-induced cell lysis, dependent on the staphylococcal virulence controlling accessory gene regulator (agr)-locus, was observed in STAT3-deficient neutrophils and upon addition of eosinophils. Accelerated neutrophil cell death kinetics may underlie the reported variability in neutrophil function testing in HIES. Increased S. aureus-induced lysis of STAT3-deficient neutrophils might affect pathogen control and contribute to tissue destruction during staphylococcal infections in HIES., (© 2018 The Authors. European Journal of Immunology published by WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.)

Published
2018
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16. X-linked lymphoproliferative disease due to SAP/SH2D1A deficiency: a multicenter study on the manifestations, management and outcome of the disease.

Author

Booth C, Gilmour KC, Veys P, Gennery AR, Slatter MA, Chapel H, Heath PT, Steward CG, Smith O, O'Meara A, Kerrigan H, Mahlaoui N, Cavazzana-Calvo M, Fischer A, Moshous D, Blanche S, Pachlopnik Schmid J, Latour S, de Saint-Basile G, Albert M, Notheis G, Rieber N, Strahm B, Ritterbusch H, Lankester A, Hartwig NG, Meyts I, Plebani A, Soresina A, Finocchi A, Pignata C, Cirillo E, Bonanomi S, Peters C, Kalwak K, Pasic S, Sedlacek P, Jazbec J, Kanegane H, Nichols KE, Hanson IC, Kapoor N, Haddad E, Cowan M, Choo S, Smart J, Arkwright PD, and Gaspar HB

Subjects
Adolescent, Adult, Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols therapeutic use, Child, Child, Preschool, Epstein-Barr Virus Infections genetics, Epstein-Barr Virus Infections pathology, Epstein-Barr Virus Infections virology, Female, Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation, Herpesvirus 4, Human genetics, Humans, Infant, Infant, Newborn, Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic pathology, Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic therapy, Lymphoproliferative Disorders pathology, Lymphoproliferative Disorders therapy, Male, Middle Aged, Signaling Lymphocytic Activation Molecule Associated Protein, Signaling Lymphocytic Activation Molecule Family Member 1, Survival Rate, Young Adult, Antigens, CD genetics, Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins genetics, Lymphohistiocytosis, Hemophagocytic genetics, Lymphoproliferative Disorders genetics, Mutation genetics, Receptors, Cell Surface genetics
Abstract

X-linked lymphoproliferative disease (XLP1) is a rare immunodeficiency characterized by severe immune dysregulation and caused by mutations in the SH2D1A/SAP gene. Clinical manifestations are varied and include hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH), lymphoma and dysgammaglobulinemia, often triggered by Epstein-Barr virus infection. Historical data published before improved treatment regimens shows very poor outcome. We describe a large cohort of 91 genetically defined XLP1 patients collected from centers worldwide and report characteristics and outcome data for 43 patients receiving hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) and 48 untransplanted patients. The advent of better treatment strategies for HLH and malignancy has greatly reduced mortality for these patients, but HLH still remains the most severe feature of XLP1. Survival after allogeneic HSCT is 81.4% with good immune reconstitution in the large majority of patients and little evidence of posttransplant lymphoproliferative disease. However, survival falls to 50% in patients with HLH as a feature of disease. Untransplanted patients have an overall survival of 62.5% with the majority on immunoglobulin replacement therapy, but the outcome for those untransplanted after HLH is extremely poor (18.8%). HSCT should be undertaken in all patients with HLH, because outcome without transplant is extremely poor. The outcome of HSCT for other manifestations of XLP1 is very good, and if HSCT is not undertaken immediately, patients must be monitored closely for evidence of disease progression.

Published
2011
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