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This contribution deals with a GPR prospecting performed in the archaeological site of Le Cesine, Lecce, Southern Italy [1]. The measurement campaign was performed in the framework of a short-term scientific mission (STSM) funded by the European Cost Action 17131 (acronym SAGA), and aimed to map the subsoil of three wide areas in order to address and rationalize future archaeological excavations. As an innovative aspect, beyond a traditional data processing [2], each one of the collected B-scans was processed by means of an innovative data processing, which is based on an inverse scattering algorithm [3-4] accompanied by a shifting zoom procedure [5]. This latter makes possible a computationally effective microwave imaging of electrically large spatial domains and imitates, in a suitable way, the truncation applied on the migration integral, theoretically extended on an infinite observation line but practically necessarily limited to a finite line. For each investigated area, the B-scans, as elaborated by means of the innovative data processing procedure, were combined in order to obtain a depth slice visualization of the investigated areas. As it will be shown at the conference, the obtained images revealed the presence of buried ruins, maybe ascribable to structures related to an ancient Roman harbour. These results motivated founding request for archaeological excavations, which hopefully will be possible to execute in the next few years, and will confirm or correct the hypotheses suggested by the GPR survey as enhanced by the innovative data processing. AcknowledgementsThis study was supported by a STSM Grant from COST Action SAGA: The Soil Science & Archaeo-Geophysics Alliance - CA17131 (www.saga-cost.eu), supported by COST (European Cooperation in Science and Technology www.cost.eu).References[1] E. Colica, A. Antonazzo, R. Auriemma, L. Coluccia, I. Catapano, G. Ludeno, S. d’Amico, R. Persico, GPR investigation at the archaeological site of Le Cesine, Lecce, Italy, Information Science Vol. 12 n. 10, 412, https://doi.org/10.3390/info12100412, 2021.[2] F. Gabellone, G. Leucci, N. Masini, R. Persico, G. Quarta, F. Grasso, “Nondestructive Prospecting and virtual reconstruction of the chapel of the Holy Spirit in Lecce, Italy”, Near Surface Geophysics, vol. 11, n. 2, pp. 231-238, April 2013.[3] I. Catapano, G. Gennarelli, G. Ludeno and F. Soldovieri, "Applying Ground-Penetrating Radar and Microwave Tomography Data Processing in Cultural Heritage: State of the Art and Future Trends," in IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, vol. 36, no. 4, pp. 53-61, July 2019,.[4] G. Gennarelli, I. Catapano, F. Soldovieri, R. Persico, On the Achievable Imaging Performance in Full 3-D Linear Inverse Scattering, IEEE Trans. on Antennas and Propagation, vol. 63, n. 3, pp. 1150-1155, March 2015.[5] R. Persico, G. Ludeno, F. Soldovieri, A. De Coster, S. Lambot, 2D linear inversion of GPR data with a shifting zoom along the observation line, Remote Sensing, 9, 980; doi: 10.3390/rs9100980, open access, 2017.

The Salento Underwater Archaeological Map has been progressively implemented thanks to the research activities of the Cultural Heritage Department of Salento University and now includes about 650 records, such as wrecks, (hulls and/or cargos), ascertained or hypotetical (80), scattered sherds’ areas, harbour dumps and isolated finds, recovered or still laying on the sea bottom. The last step has seen the transfer of the data base into the wider information system of the Map of Cultural Heritage of Puglia linked to the Regional Landscape Plan (www.cartapulia.it). Regarding the Ionian sea, a rich panorama is offered by the trade flows and routes, also due to the most recent documentation of cargos and ships, landmarks of sea routes. New findings confirm the vibrant economy of Southern Italy in terms of wine production and export in the Hellenistic and Late Republican age. But there also exist some categories of goods with an ancillary function of “saleable ballast”. Various loads attest to trade flows of building materials, stones and above all bricks and tiles in the Salento peninsula and the Ionic Arch, as well as coarse ware (opus doliare), in particular mortars and basins, and containers for the pitch, probably associated to the big spheroidal dolia that transported bulk wine in the container-ships. Imports from North African provinces during the Imperial age are testified by an imposing scattered cargo of Tripolitanian amphorae in the MPA of Porto Cesareo Various wrecks of naves lapidariae dot the Ionian coast of Salento, together with those on the Calabria coasts, along that “ marble way” coming from the Eastern Mediterranean: they have been detected at S. Pietro in Bevagna, Torre Sgarrata, Porto Cesareo. Recent significant research progression has been carried out on wrecks from the Medieval and Modern ages; of particular importance are those in Bacino Grande and La Strea, both in Porto Cesareo (Le).

In Puglia, due to various projects, wide coastal stretches and facing sea bottom have been interested by sistematic researches carried out by means the holistic, contextual, diachronical, multi and interdisciplinary approach of the global landscape archaeology, in this case coastal and underwater or, better, “seascapes”. Following, going from north to south in an ideal periplus, a concise review of carried out activities and acquisitions is presented with a special focus on the latest ones. The excursus includes the researches on the port facilities, shipwrecks and routes, sacred places, museums and exhibitions related to these “seascapes”. Finally, it must be pointed out that the first information system of the Salento Underwater Archaeological Map has been first turned into a WebGIS, (www.arcgis.com; http://www.arcgis.com/apps/OnePane/storytelling_basic/index.html?appid=edb2b5022b3a4d4abb1b6f4abc95a2c7 ) and then included into the wider information system of the Map of Cultural Heritage of Puglia attached to the Regional Landscape Plan (www.cartapulia.it).

Gli anni tra il 1987 ed il 1994 hanno visto un’intensa attività di ricerca condotta lungo il tratto di costa e nelle acque prospicienti ad opera della Soprintendenza per i Beni Archeologici della Calabria, con l’ausilio prezioso di subacquei appassionati e di valenti collaboratori. Le indagini hanno portato all’identificazione di strutture e cave sommerse, di relitti o resti di carichi e di rinvenimenti isolati o decontestualizzati, riferibili ad un arco cronologico molto ampio, che va dall’età arcaica all’età moderna.

Stefano Furlani: Da Trieste a Volosca: La costa dell’Istria e del Golfo di Trieste Rosanna Turcinovich Giuricin: Diario di bordo Rita Auriemma: L’Istria dal fondo del mare. La costa prima della storia. La costa al tempo di Roma. Porti urbani e porti di servizio al territorio. I grandi complessi costieri. Modelli insediativi, tipologia e tecnica edilizia. Gli impianti di itticultura.Gli impianti per la lavorazione del pesce. La prodizione del sale e le saline. Navi, merci e rotte: i relitti raccontano...

In this contribution, we present some results achieved in the archaeological site of Le Cesine, close to Lecce, in southern Italy. The investigations have been performed in a site close to the Adriatic Sea, only slightly explored up to now, and where the presence of an ancient Roman harbour is alleged on the basis of remains visible above all under the current sea level. This measurement campaign has been performed in the framework of a short-term scientific mission (STSM) performed in the framework of the European Cost Action 17131 (acronym SAGA), and has been aimed to identify possible points where future localized excavation might and hopefully will be performed in the next few years. Both a traditional elaboration and an innovative data processing based on a linear inverse scattering model have been performed on the data., peer-reviewed

During the last years, some marine or coastal protected areas subject to the landscape planning restrictions, along the Adriatic and Ionian coasts have been the backdrop of the coastal landscape archaeological researches carried out by the Salento and Trieste Universities, in collaboration with national and international partners, both public and private. They are excellent sites for geo-archaeological research, where the protection activity allows us to individuate the signs – poorly recognizable or unequivocal – of the changes and to re-trace through the trans-disciplinary analysis the ancient landscape features. The presentation aims to describe some projects, some of which are in progress, that have as common denominator a valorization model of the environmental and historical-archaeological heritage and a methodological protocol of the geo-archaeological investigation in a particular context such as a protected marine area and/or natural park. These valorization proposals comprise a series of actions: a preliminary paleo-geographic, paleo-environmental and archaeological investigation program, that includes also topographical and bathymetric surveys, cores, targeted excavations, mapping and development of integrated information systems; furthermore the design of technical, exhibition and reception spaces, with interactive multimedia displays, life-size and scale replicas, landscape reconstructions and simulation of its changes, through semi-immersive fruition using holographic systems presented in sequence; design and installation of “blue paths” accessible by snorkeling, scuba diving with trained guides (also for people with a disability) and/or boat, glass bottom boat or video-boat; the blue paths’ stops are represented by environmental, geomorphological, archaeological and geoarchaeological points of interest

Descrizione di un corpo morto da Porec, un ceppo litico dalla lagna di Venezia e un ceppo in piombo mobile da Brindisi

Il Mar Mediterraneo è oggi l’area archeologica più grande del mondo anche dal punto di vista subacqueo: 2.500.000 kmq di superficie, la stragrande maggioranza dei quali ancora da indagare: la successione nel tempo delle grandi civiltà, che su questo mare hanno fondato la loro fortuna, ha visto la costruzione di approdi, porti, magazzini, saline, peschiere, cave, insediamenti poi inghiottiti dalle acque. Il grande lago, come lo definì Fernand Braudel, ha visto intrecciarsi storie e tradizioni, religioni e economie, tradizioni e innovazioni: a tutto ciò hanno contribuito le rotte del Mare Nostrum. Straordinario specchio di quanto successe in superficie è oggi il fondale mediterraneo: migliaia di relitti di tutte le epoche giacciono conservati sotto sabbia e fango in pochi centimetri d’acqua come nelle alte profondità. Il 99% della storia sommersa è ancora da scoprire, così come è ancora da ritrovare la stragrande maggioranza dei relitti navali. Lo sanno bene i quattro Paesi che occupano il 75% delle coste del Mar Mediterraneo: Grecia, Italia, Croazia e Turchia. I relitti sinora rinvenuti pongono comunque già domande importanti: scoperte, ricerche, campagne subacquee, recuperi, restauri, conservazione, valorizzazione hanno un alto costo e soprattutto necessitano di spazi sia di stoccaggio sia di esposizione notevole. Altri relitti sono in attesa sui fondali marini: che fare? Come salvaguardare questo immenso patrimonio dalle dimensioni sconosciute ma che crescono di anno in anno, tenendo conto che ci sono già diversi casi da portare a termine, come proprio il relitto della Iulia Felix di Grado documenta? Come tutelare allora sott’acqua i nuovi relitti che vengono scoperti? Quali sono le politiche nazionali dei Paesi che si affacciano sul Mediterraneo, mare di storia? A queste domande ha cercato di rispondere il convegno di Grado promosso dalla Soprintendenza per i Beni Archeologici del Friuli Venezia Giulia dal titolo emblematico: Relitti: che fare? Archeologia subacquea del Mare Adriatico e del Mare Ionio. Ricerca, tutela e valorizzazione dei relitti (Grado 4-5 maggio 2010).

Il Servizio catalogazione, formazione e ricerca dell’ERPAC svolge attività di ricerca, formazione e documentazione e promuove la conoscenza, la tutela, la conservazione e la valorizzazione del patrimonio culturale e paesaggistico regionale, impegnandosi ad operare secondo linee programmatiche che vedono il patrimonio culturale come bene comune; nucleo irradiatore delle sue attività è il Sistema Informativo Regionale del Patrimonio Culturale (SIRPAC), condiviso in rete e costituito da una banca dati di oltre 320.000 records e dal relativo webgis, in collaborazione con Università, Soprintendenze, soggetti pubblici e privati. SIRPaC è già strumento virtuoso di catalogazione partecipata e conoscenza condivisa, di documentazione per fini di ricerca, divulgazione e valorizzazione del patrimonio culturale regionale ma deve trasformarsi in uno strumento di governance efficiente, di politiche interattive di tutela e promozione del territorio anche in chiave economica.

The port basin of Roman Savudrija, once part of the ager of Tergeste colony, comprised a large number of port infrastructure facilities. Today, some of the port structures are submerged and some can be found in the soil profile on dry land. The remains of walls on the southern part of the coastline probably belonged to the superstructure of the first, lowest terrace of the port. Owing to the archaeological data obtained during the 2011-2014 excavations, we can date the construction and recreate the appearance of the coastline in Roman times. However, the evidence obtained so far touches upon the issue of the archaeological context of the Roman port of Savudrija in the hierarchy of the ports on the Istrian coast and its relationship with the nearby villas located along the coast and in the hinterland.

The fragility of organic artefacts in presence of water and their volumetric variation caused by the marine life on or surrounding them dictate that their physical dimensions be measured soon after their extraction from the seabed. In an ideal context, it would be appropriate to preserve and restore all the archaeological elements, rapidly and with the latest methods. Unfortunately however, the large number of artefacts makes the cost of such an operation prohibitive for a public institution. For this reason, digital technologies for documentation, restoration, display and conservation are being considered by many institutions working with limited budgets. In this paper, we illustrate the experience of the University of Salento in 3D imaging technology for waterlogged wooden artefacts from shipwrecks. The interest originates from the need to develop a protocol for documentation and digital restoration of archaeological finds discovered along the coast of Torre S. Sabina (BR) Italy. This work has allowed us to explore recent technologies for 3D acquisitions, both underwater and in the laboratory, as well as methods for data processing. These technologies have permitted us to start defining a protocol to follow for all waterlogged wooden artefacts requiring documentation and restoration.

This paper proposes the review of the framework of the circulation of the Lusitanian transport amphorae in the Adriatic, on the basis of a bibliographical overview and a fiew unpublished materials. The analysis of the evidence, in any case very scarce, has chanced upon some problems, due to incorrect or superficial identifications, as well as to the objective difficulty of distinguishing Lusitanian products from Baetican ones. The whole framework takes advantage of the detailed analyses of the regiones Venetia and Aemilia and, despite the quoted limits, allows some general considerations to be drawn on the Lusitanian imports, which are much less than Baetican ones. In any case, the imports of fish sauce from the Iberian Peninsula were restrained by the development of local products. The small increase in the late Empire seems to be due to the presence of Lusitanian and/or Baetican Almagro 50, 51-b, 51c amphorae on the commercial routes of North-African foodstuffs. Furthermore, this paper clarifies the distribution in the same geographical area of the S. Lorenzo 7 amphora, probably coming from the eastern Mediterranean, which shows morphological details in the upper part very similar to Almagro 50 ones, with which it has been often confused.

International audience; The coast of the Mediterranean provide several remnants of ancient coastal quarries, which are now useful to study sea level change occurring during the last millennia. Millstones quarries were exploited with same quarrying techniques from rocks like beachrocks, sandstones or similar lithologies, were shaped to be suitable to grind olives, seeds and wheat, to produce oil and flour, or to break apart soft rocks. In this study we integrated historical sources, aerial photography, field surveys and palaeo sea-level modelling to investigate a number of millstones quarries with the aim to asses the intervening sea level change that occurred since the quarries were abandoned. We investigated on their chronology, spatial distribution and spatial relationship to the sea-level. Our results indicate that most of these were carved close to sea level between 1.45 ka and 0.25 ka cal BP, but mainly around 0.45 cal ka BP. Despite the uncertainties associated with the chronology in, we found good agreement between their lowest elevation (between 0.33 m and -0.06 m) and the paleo sea-levels, as predicted by the GIA models. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd and INQUA. All rights reserved.

We investigated archaeological sites located along the coasts of central Apulia (Italy) to estimate the relative sea level changes which have occurred in this region since the Bronze Age, and test the most recent model of predicted sea level for this region. Surveys focused on six sites located on both the Adriatic and Ionian coasts of Apulia at the feet of the carbonatic Murge plateau, a tectonically stable zone as of the last 125 ka. The sites present the remains of ancient settlements, ranging from the Bronze Age (circa II millennium BC), to the Messapian and Magna Grecia Age (c. 2.5 ka BP), the Roman (c. 2 ka BP) and Middle Ages (c. 1 ka BP). The archaeological sea level markers investigated in these sites provided new insight into the history of the relative sea level changes which have occurred in this region during the last c. 3.3 ka BP. Data from 17 archaeological settlements from the above-mentioned sites, placed above or below the present sea level, were analyzed. The intervening relative sea level changes successive to their construction were estimated via the submergence of the functional elevations of significant architectural features related to the mean sea level at the time during which the settlements were functioning. The r.s.l. changes were estimated using detailed topographic surveys, tide analyses and/or hydrodynamic equations. Although not all archaeological markers allowed univocal interpretations, r.s.l. rise at about 2.25 ± 0.20 m as of the Bronze Age, and at least 0.90 ± 0.20 m in the last 2.0/1.5 ka was estimated. A comparison between the elevation of the marker and two different predicted sea level models seems to confirm a tectonic stability of the investigated region in the last c. 3.3 ka BP.

Le ricerche di archeologia del paesaggio costiero condotte negli ultimi 10 anni lungo i versanti adriatico e ionico della Penisola Salentina hanno consentito la mappatura di una serie consistente di markers geoarcheologici di variazione relativa del livello del mare in grado di fornire indicazioni puntuali sui fenomeni tardoolocenici di trasgressione marina e consentendo dunque di avanzare alcune ipotesi di ricostruzione paleogeografica di specifici comparti territoriali. Particolare attenzione è stata rivolta all’analisi dei dati spaziali, cronologici e funzionali di una serie di indicatori archeologici (emersi e/o sommersi) riferibili agli insediamenti costieri fortificati e non risalenti alla prima metà del II millennio a.C.; tra i siti di lunga durata oggetto di indagine risultati di particolare rilievo sono stati raggiunti nel contesto dei progetti avviati a Torre S. Sabina, Torre Guaceto-Scogli di Apani e Scalo di Furno-Porto Cesareo. Tra le evidenze archeologiche in grado di fornire indicazioni diacroniche circa la posizione e l’altezza relativa del livello del mare antico (mura di fortificazione, fossati, piani pavimentali, livelli di occupazione, strutture d’abitato, etc.) le buche di palo hanno certamente un ruolo di primo piano. La mappatura e la schedatura di questi elementi strutturali contribuiscono alla ricostruzione della reale estensione delle aree d’abitato dell’età del Bronzo.

Waterlogged wood samples of Ulmus sp. and Fraxinus sp. from the ancient harbor of Otranto in Southern Italy were radiocarbon dated by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) and examined for physical and chemical changes to assess the degree of degradation. The analyzed woods were dated to the 2nd half of the twelfth – 1st half of the thirteenth centuries AD. The results of all the used methods (maximum water content, basic density, shrinkage, XRD analysis and holocellulose content) indicated a low level of degradation in the inner part of the wooden find. The outer and middle part, on the other hand, showed a greater degradation level. An important result is the identification of a not homogeneous degradation in the different parts of the examined wooden block, which will affect the design of the consolidating treatment.

The project allowed us to upgrade the computerized archive of Underwater Archaeological Map of southern Apulia published in 2004 (Auriemma, 2004) in the current Geographic Information System (WebGIS) shared on the network (Cossa, 2013: 3-4 http://www.arcgis.com/ apps/OnePane/storytelling_basic/index.html?appid=edb2b5022b3a4d4abb1b6f4abc95a2c7 ). Developed on the platform ArcGIS-online (www.arcgis.com), thanks to the support of the company Esri, the contribution of CUIS-Consorzio Universitario Interprovinciale Salentino, the partner (city of Racale-Lecce, ITALY) and in accordance with the Superintendence of Archaeological Heritage of Apulia region, this networked version of Forma Maris Antiqui consists of approximately 650 archaeological underwater contexts or artefacts assemblages along the coast of southern Apulia (Cossa et alii, 2010; Cossa et alii, 2012; Zaccarelli et alii, 2011). The cataloguing is in agreement with the ministerial ICCD (Istituto Centrale per il Catalogo e la Documentazione) standard. The next step, aims to include this GIS inside the larger information system of the Carta dei Beni Culturali della Puglia.

As a part of the main Project Storie dal mare which has been carried by Department of Humanistic Studies, University of Trieste and in collaboration between Archeological Museum of Istria in Pula and Umag Municipal Museum in Croatia the research has been conducted in the Bay of Savudrija. The main aim of this project was the reconstruction of the ancient landscape and the evaluation of the shoreline during Roman Age. The goal of archaeological campaign in 2011 was to make a complete documentation of southern breakwater and pier (using the multibeam technique and total station) and to try to make topography of all roman architectural structures, visible along the coast. The ancient port basin in the bay of Savudrija includes a complex consisting of different structures, some of which are visible along the bay. The basin was triangular in shape, and was closed by two symmetrically placed breakwaters. The other archaeological structures as pier and walls on the coast extend themselves along the southern line of the bay. The area containing the Roman structures belonged to a section of the first lowest terrace of a Roman structure which during Roman Age should be extended towards the sea. A preliminary analysis of the archaeological materials excavated in the bay indicates that the area was used since the beginnings of the Empire until the Late Roman period, that is from the 1st to the 6th century.

This paper uses a combination of archaeological, géomorphologie and radiometric data from the coast of Southern Apulia between Bari and Taranto for the reconstruction of sea-level changes during the middle and late Holocene. In particular, beach sequences and wave- cut platforms suggest a relative sea-level highstand at about 1 ± 0.5 m a.s.l. at about 7.0-7.5 ka BP. Archaeological remains have been used as land or sea level indicators, the former represented by tombs, quarries, cisterns, the latter by harbour structures. The collated data show that sea level was lower than -3 m during the Bronze Age; the catenae casts recognised on the submerged structures of the Roman imperial harbour of Egnatia (1st century ВС) indicate a position of high tide sea level at about 3 m below present mean position. In summary, the comparison between géomorphologie, archaeological and radiometric data suggests a high sea-level stand corresponding to a maximum Holocene transgression at about 7.0-7.5 ka BP followed firstly by a fall of sea level until the Bronze Age and then by a rise to the present position. This evidence is in contrast with the results of glacio-eustatic models and could be due to the fact that southern Italy is not involved in the flexural response to Northern Hemisphere déglaciation., Résumé Pour la détermination des variations du niveau marin durant l'Holocène moyen et supérieur, on croise les données archéologiques, géomorphologiques et radiométriques. Les séquences de dépôts de plage et les plates-formes d'abrasion marines suggèrent que le niveau de la mer se trouvait environ l±0,5 m au-dessus de l'actuel, il y a 7000 à 7500 ans BP. Les vestiges archéologiques ont été utilisés comme indicateurs terrestres et marins du niveau de la mer, les premiers étant représentés par des tombes, des carrières et des citernes, les seconds par des structures portuaires. Les données collectées montrent que le niveau marin était plus bas que -3 ma l'âge du bronze. Les empreintes (catenae) reconnues dans les structures submergées du port de la Rome impériale à Egnatia (1er siècle av. J.-C.) indiquent une position du niveau des plus hautes mers environ 3 m au-dessous de l'actuel. En résumé, la comparaison des données géomorphologiques, archéologiques et radiométriques suggèrent l'existence d'un haut niveau marin correspondant au maximum de la transgression holocène aux environs de 7-7,5 ka BP, suivie d'une baisse jusqu'à l'âge du bronze puis d'une remontée jusqu'à la position actuelle. Ce résultat, en contradiction avec les modèles glacio-eustatiques, pourrait s'expliquer par le fait que le Sud de l'Italie n'a pas été affecté par la réponse isostatique de l'hémisphère Nord à la déglaciation., Auriemma Rita, Mastronuzzi Giuseppe, Sansò Paolo. Middle to Late Holocene relative sea-level changes recorded on the coast of Apulia (Italy) / Variations relatives du niveau marin pendant l'Holocène moyen et supérieur le long des côtes méridionales des Pouilles (Italie). In: Géomorphologie : relief, processus, environnement, Janvier-mars, vol. 10, n°1. pp. 19-33.

Il progetto Storie dal mare consiste in interventi di ricerca archeologica subacquea su giacimenti sommersi dell'alto Adriatico in due diversi paesaggi d'acqua: la laguna di Marano e la baia di Salvore/Savudrija, nell'Istria croata, in collaborazione con il Museo Archeologico dell'Istria di Pola.

In the Porto Cesareo (Lecce, Italy) coastal area, submerged and semi-submerged archaeological evidence has been uncovered by recent preliminary surveys carried out in close collaboration with the local marine protected area (MPA): (a) a navis lapidaria wreck of the Roman imperial age; (b) various scattered and decontextualised finds; (c) a beached wreck, probably medieval; (d) some submerged built-structures that are part of the Bronze Age Scalo di Furno settlement; and (e) remains of structures (walls, buildings, burial areas). The last three pieces of evidence allow for the hypothesis of a significantly different ancient coastal landscape than that of the present and a ‘dynamic’ scenario over the centuries.

L’intervento intende fornire un aggiornamento dei dati della ricerca archeologica sui giacimenti subacquei lungo le coste della Puglia meridionale, nel basso Adriatico e nello Ionio, condotta dall’Università del Salento nel corso degli ultimissimi anni. L’incremento delle conoscenze e la disponibilità di un ingente corpus di evidenze ha determinato lo sviluppo di riflessioni su temi diversi, che si possono però ricondurre a tre linee principali di ricerca: l’archeologia dei paesaggi costieri, l’archeologia navale, l’archeologia subacquea come strumento metodologico per la storia economica dell’antichità. Le novità riguardano in particolar modo una serie di nuovi carichi ed il riconoscimento di classi di materiali che testimoniano ulteriori importazioni da varie aree del Mediterraneo, così come l’ampia diffusione di produzioni locali; lo scavo del relitto di Torre S. Sabina (Br), eccezionalmente conservato, come esempio di costruzione navale tardoantica; l’individuazione di scafi di età medievale e postmedievale, con l’armamento di bordo; l’incremento di markers archeologici delle variazioni relative del livello del mare, come il settore sommerso dell’insediamento protostorico di Scalo di Furno (Porto Cesareo, Le), i numerosi esempi di relitti spiaggiati lungo tutta la costa e le strutture portuali sommerse di età medievale ad Otranto. I nuovi dati confluiscono, come i precedenti, nel Sistema Informativo della Carta Archeologica Subacquea del Salento, in costante ampliamento, aggiornamento e perfezionamento; è in corso d’opera il progetto di un’applicazione in rete per la gestione dei dati cartografici e alfanumerici relativi alle evidenze archeologiche subacquee e costiere del Salento, per l’ upgrade della Carta in un WebGIS da associare a quello già parzialmente strutturato della Carta dei Beni Culturali della Puglia., Prilog donosi podatke o arheološkim istraživanjima na podvodnim nalazištima uzduž južne obale Puglie, na donjem Jadranu i Jonskom moru, koje je Sveučilište Salenta provelo posljednjih godina. Jačanje spoznaje i raspolaganje spoznajama u velikom korpusu podataka odredilo je razvoj zapažanja o različitim temama koje se mogu odrediti kao 3 osnovna pravca istraživanja: arheologija obalnog krajobraza, arheologija brodovlja i podvodna arheologija kao metodologija za gospodarsku povijest antike. Novosti su novi tereti i poznavanje klasifikacije materijala koji svjedoče o uvozima u različita područja Mediterana, kao i velika rasprostranjenost lokalnih proizvoda poput npr. istraživanje izuzetno očuvanog lokaliteta Torre S. Sabina (Brindisi) s primjerom kasnoantičke brodske konstrukcije, individualizacija trupova iz srednjovjekovnog i kasnijih razdoblja s brodskom opremom, povećanje arheoloških markera u relativnim varijacijama u odnosu na razinu mora, kao što je slučaj s potopljenim područjem prapovijesnog naselja Scalo di Furno (Porto Cesareo, Lecce), kao i brojni primjeri nasukanih relikta uzduž obale te potopljenih srednjovjekovnih lučkih uređaja u Otrantu. Novi podatci ulaze, kao i prethodni, u Informacijski sustav podmorske arheološke karte Salenta, u stalnom nadopunjavanju i perfekcioniranju. U tijeku je i rad na projektu primjene mreže na kartografsku i alfanumeričku evidenciju podvodnih i obalnih arheoloških nalaza radi podizanja Karte na WebGIS s ciljem spajanja s djelomično strukturiranom kartom kulturnih dobara Puglie.

Roman age fishponds along the Istrian and Dalmatian coast were studied, with the aim of using the data as sea level markers. Although the Adriatic fishponds do not display the architectural features (crepidines, channels, etc.) that can be observed in the Tyrrhenian ones and serve as precise sea level markers, their structural elements can be used to define the sea level rise. Fishponds at S. Bartolomeo and Fisine in Slovenja, Kupanja, near Parenzo, and at Katoro, near Umago, in Croatia, were studied and measured. The pool investigated in the island of Svršata Vela, on the Kornati Islands, represents a different feature. Located on the northwest coast of the island, adjacent to the southern part of the gulf, it is a single square pool, with dimensions clearly less than the Istrian fishtanks, similar to those associated with the Tyrrhenian villae maritimae. These data (the altitude of archaeological markers below sea level) were corrected for tide and pressure and compared with predictions derived from the SELEN glacio-hydro-isostatic model. Comparation with the predicted sea level allows calculation of tectonic rates that range between -0.63 and -0.89 mm/year since Roman times.

We studied the last 2 ka sea level change along the Italian, Slovenian and Croatian coastlines (Eastern Adriatic Sea) using archaeological and geomorphological markers surveyed between Duino and S. Simonov, along the eastern part of the Gulf of Trieste. Moreover, we present 14C AMS analyses provided on lagoonal fossil shells compraised between 9.7 an 4.6 ka BP at altitude between -1.3 and -4.5 m in Istria. Many Authors (Pirazzoli, 1980; Fouache et al., 2000; Benac et al., 2004) published geomorphological, archaeological and sismotectonic research works between the coast of Duino (Trieste) up to the central coast of Croatia (Zadar). Along the limestone coast, the Authors revealed a quasi-continous occurence of a submerged marine notch at a depth between –0.5 m and –1.0 m. In addition, Roman age archaeological markers were measured at depths lower than –0.5 m and often lower than –1.0 m. Antonioli et al. (2004) provided geomorphogical observations on marine notches in the Gulf of Trieste between –0.7 m and –2.55 m. Since the northern part of the Gulf is dominated by highly conservative limestone rocks, we provide new detailed geomorphological measurements, surveying a continous marine notch in 11 different sites. In this area there are no archaeological remains related to sea level changes. On the contrary, since the southern coast between Stramare (Italy) and Izola (Slovenija) is dominated by Flysch, there are no notches but 5 submerged archaeological sites. The altitude of the marine notch vary between –0.65 m on the Miramare olistoliths and –0.9 m in Canovella de’ Zoppoli. The depth of the notch increases in direction of Duino, from –1.3 m close to the Sistiana Harbour to –2.55 m below the castle of Duino. This situation highlights a clear SE-NW tilting versus in the Gulf of Trieste. Braitenberg et al. (2005), on the basis of tidal gauge data (over 110 years) and the movement of the last 30 years of the Grotta Gigante pendulum, hypothesized that NW movements could still be active. In the southern part of the Gulf, the mean values of the tide and pressure-corrected archaeological measurements (all provided by harbour stones) indicate a depth of -1.6±0.5 m for the 2 ky Bp sea level (Roman age – I sec. A.D., dated with an amphora at the base of the stones), assuming the top of the wall of the harbours at an altitude of about -0.9 m.

Le indagini archeologiche subacquee e terrestri condotte nei siti della costa adriatica brindisina di Torre S. Sabina e Torre Guaceto hanno consentito una verifica puntuale e diretta dei dati storico-archeologici, topografici, geomorfologici e paleoambientali. In questo contesto la ricerca archeologica è una piattaforma multidisciplinare finalizzata alla documentazione ed alla caratterizzazione dei fenomeni di antropizzazione di uno specifico paesaggio costiero e dei suoi lineamenti evolutivi: numerosi gli indicatori di processi di trasformazione/interazione tra uomo e ambiente (mutamenti della linea di costa, alterazione dell’habitat costiero, sfruttamento delle risorse idriche, botaniche, faunistiche, etc.) evidenziati dall’attività d’indagine condotta sul campo da specialisti di differenti settori disciplinari ed elaborati nel contesto di un approccio integrato utile alla ricostruzione di un quadro storico ed ambientale di notevole complessità e di ampio respiro. Lo spettro cronologico è compreso tra la media età del bronzo e la fase tardo-imperiale romana. Particolare attenzione si è posta nell’interpretazione di specifiche evidenze archeologiche che assumono il ruolo di veri e propri markers per la ricostruzione di un possibile trend evolutivo del paesaggio costiero.

We provide new data on relative sea-level change from the late Holocene for two locations in the central Mediterranean: Sardinia and NE Adriatico. They are based on precise measures of submerged archaeological and tide notch markers that are good indicators of past sea-level elevation. Twelve submerged archaeological sites were studied: six, aged between 2.5 and 1.6 ka BP, located along the Sardinia coast, and a further six, dated ∼2.0 ka BP, located along the NE Adriatic coast (Italy, Slovenia and Croatia). For Sardinia, we also use beach rock and core data that can be related to Holocene sea level. The elevations of selected significant archaeological markers were measured with respect to the present sea level, applying corrections for tide and atmospheric pressure values at the time of surveys. The interpretation of the functional heights related to sea level at the time of their construction provides data on the relative changes between land and sea; these data are compared with predictions derived from a new glacio–hydro-isostatic model associated with the Last Glacial cycle. Sardinia is tectonically relatively stable and we use the sea-level data from this island to calibrate our models for eustatic and glacio–hydro-isostatic change. The results are consistent with those from another tectonically stable site, the Versilia Plain of Italy. The northeast Adriatic (Italy, Slovenia and Croatia) is an area of subsidence and we use the calibrated model results to separate out the isostatic from the tectonic contributions. This indicates that the Adriatic coast from the Gulf of Trieste to the southern end of Istria has tectonically subsided by ∼1.5 m since Roman times.

Il progetto ha come scopo la realizzazione di un’applicazione in rete per la gestione dati cartografici e alfanumerici relativi alle evidenze archeologiche subacquee e costiere del Salento. Il reale obiettivo di questo programma però non è tanto l’applicazione in sé quanto il raggiungimento della massima condivisione possibile dei dati (fino ad arrivare ad una sorta di “Facebook geografico”), cercando di superare le tradizionali resistenze in questo senso; ci si propone quindi lo scopo di garantire la massima visibilità al prodotto e alle sue applicazioni, al lavoro degli archeologi, al contributo degli appassionati, ai problemi di tutela, alla fruibilità del patrimonio sommerso.