1. Fragment-Based Discovery of Novel Non-Hydroxamate LpxC Inhibitors with Antibacterial Activity
- Author
-
Yuya Ogata, Harumi Kanazawa, Macias Alba, Norikazu Ohtake, Allan E. Surgenor, Iichiro Takata, Hajime Takashima, Walmsley David, Kiyoko Fujita, Hayley Angove, Kunihiko Iwamoto, Masashi Mima, Hiroyuki Sugiyama, Fumihito Ushiyama, Junya Yamagishi, Yousuke Yamada, Alan P. Robertson, Kosuke Hitaka, Koichiro Nakano, Hayato Watanabe, Atsushi Okada, Yohei Matsuda, Roderick E. Hubbard, Nozomi Tanaka-Yamamoto, Toru Yamaguchi-Sasaki, Risa Kurimoto-Tsuruta, Lisa Baker, Akihiro Tanaka, and R. Harris
- Subjects
Stereochemistry ,chemistry.chemical_element ,Zinc ,Microbial Sensitivity Tests ,01 natural sciences ,Amidohydrolases ,Lipid A ,03 medical and health sciences ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Minimum inhibitory concentration ,Structure-Activity Relationship ,Biosynthesis ,Bacterial Proteins ,Piperidines ,Drug Discovery ,Escherichia coli ,Moiety ,Chelation ,Anilides ,Enzyme Inhibitors ,030304 developmental biology ,Chelating Agents ,chemistry.chemical_classification ,0303 health sciences ,Molecular Structure ,Imidazoles ,0104 chemical sciences ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry ,Enzyme ,chemistry ,Pseudomonas aeruginosa ,Molecular Medicine ,Antibacterial activity - Abstract
UDP-3-O-acyl-N-acetylglucosamine deacetylase (LpxC) is a zinc metalloenzyme that catalyzes the first committed step in the biosynthesis of Lipid A, an essential component of the cell envelope of Gram-negative bacteria. The most advanced, disclosed LpxC inhibitors showing antibacterial activity coordinate zinc through a hydroxamate moiety with concerns about binding to other metalloenzymes. Here, we describe the discovery, optimization, and efficacy of two series of compounds derived from fragments with differing modes of zinc chelation. A series was evolved from a fragment where a glycine moiety complexes zinc, which achieved low nanomolar potency in an enzyme functional assay but poor antibacterial activity on cell cultures. A second series was based on a fragment that chelated zinc through an imidazole moiety. Structure-guided design led to a 2-(1S-hydroxyethyl)-imidazole derivative exhibiting low nanomolar inhibition of LpxC and a minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of 4 μg/mL against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, which is little affected by the presence of albumin.
- Published
- 2020