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Abstract Brown and beige adipocytes can be activated by β-adrenergic agonist via cAMP-dependent signaling. Performing RNA-sequencing analysis in human cervical area-derived adipocytes, we found that dibutyryl-cAMP, which can mimic in vivo stimulation of browning and thermogenesis, enhanced the expression of browning and batokine genes and upregulated several signaling pathway genes linked to thermogenesis. We observed that the expression of inhibitor of DNA binding and cell differentiation (ID) 1 and particularly ID3 was strongly induced by the adrenergic stimulation. The degradation of ID1 and ID3 elicited by the ID antagonist AGX51 during thermogenic activation prevented the induction of proton leak respiration that reflects thermogenesis and abrogated cAMP analogue-stimulated upregulation of thermogenic genes and mitochondrial complex I, II, and IV subunits, independently of the proximal cAMP-PKA signaling pathway. The presented data suggests that ID proteins contribute to efficient thermogenic response of adipocytes during adrenergic stimulation.

Osteoarthritis, a prevalent form of arthritis linked to bone degeneration, particularly affects the elderly population. In Indonesia, its prevalence rises with age, impacting various ethnic groups, notably women, and leading to substantial disability in individuals aged 65 and older. Vigilance is essential against potential complications like gastritis, bleeding, or kidney issues resulting from prolonged use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The condition's pathophysiology involves joint aging, injuries, excessive use, genetic predisposition, obesity, and hormonal changes. Its clinical signs develop gradually but can accelerate due to injuries or joint strain, significantly reducing patient productivity and life quality. Managing osteoarthritis involves non-drug approaches like education, physical and exercise therapy, followed by medication and supportive devices. The treatment selection depends on severity and the number of affected joints, aiming to control pain, improve joint function, ease physical limitations, and hinder disease progression and complications. Prompt intervention with suitable modalities aligned with the patient's condition offers a favorable prognosis. Factors like muscle weakness, obesity, and depressive disorders can exacerbate osteoarthritis outcomes. Comprehensive management addressing these factors can significantly improve the prognosis and enhance the patient's quality of life.

The integration of technology in learning through film can increase students understanding of life values, which will be important for an educator. This paper aims to describe the understanding of life value by students in the MARS Film. It is quantitative research with an open survey method. Researchers distributed questionnaires to 93 students and used descriptive analysis. The results showed the value of life that the students can find in the film are hard work and fighting spirit. As parents, the value of life that can be learned is to support dreams by providing the best education and motivation. It also found that moral values can be learned is persistence and respect. This Film is recommended for learning because it can inspire and motivate the importance of education.

Aplikasi DERI PTM (Deteksi Risiko Penyakit Tidak Menular) merupakan salah satu pengembangan yang memfasilitasi individu untuk secara mandiri melakukan penilaian risiko Penyakit Tidak Menular (PTM). Aplikasi ini juga telah dilengkapi berbagai materi edukasi PTM. Kegiatan pengabdian bertujuan untuk memperkenalkan aplikasi DERI PTM, agar manfaat dari aplikasi ini dapat dirasakan oleh masyarakat luas. Sasaran kegiatan adalah guru, karyawan dan tenaga pendidik Yayasan Generasi Robbani Sumatera Selatan. Adapun kegiatan yang dilaksanakan: (1) sosialisasi aplikasi DERI PTM; (2) pengukuran faktor risiko PTM; dan (3) pemanfaatan edukasi PTM pada aplikasi android. Uji efektifitas dilakukan untuk menilai efektivitas edukasi menggunakan aplikasi melalui pre test dan post test terkait penyakit tidak menular. Kegiatan ini diikuti lebih dari 40 peserta dan 28 diantaranya mengikuti keseluruhan kegiatan. Hasil pengukuran faktor risiko menunjukkan terdapat lebih dari 20% peserta mengalami obesitas dan obesitas sentral. Hasil evaluasi menunjukkan bahwa terdapat perbedaan bermakna pengetahuan peserta kegiatan sebelum dan setelah edukasi PTM menggunakan aplikasi DERI PTM. Diharapkan aplikasi ini dapat dimanfaatkan secara berkelanjutan dan disebarluaskan terutama kepada siswa di Sekolah Islam Terpadu Robbani.

Indonesia is an important country that produces essential oils that are widely used in fragrance cosmetic products. The use of local essential oils for cosmetics needs to be introduced to the youth generation with the aim that they do not just become consumers. Youth organisations in Kerinci have many activities to improve their skills and abilities for a better future. Collaboration between the university and the youth organisation was achieved by providing training on doing cosmetic product training on making cosmetic products. The product uses essential oils called body mist. Nowadays, the youth still know very little about the manufacturing process of cosmetics products. To provide further benefits, this community service activity collaborated with BBPOM in Padang, West Sumatra, to explain cosmetic safety and the registration process of cosmetic products. With this series topic in this training and outreach-related cosmetics, it is hoped that it can increase business ideas for young people who are members of the Sakti Alam Kerinci Organisation.

Gambir, an extract derived from the leaves and branches of the gambir plant, holds significant potential for enhancing the local economy and its benefits as a cosmetics product. Jorong Balai Tampuak Pinang, Nagari Simpang Kapuak, Kecamatan Mungka, was one of the areas producing traditional gambir in Lima Puluh Kota district, West Sumatra, Indonesia. This community service initiative aimed to augment the economic value of gambir from its processing to raw materials of bath soap. The initiative began with an educational session for training participants, outlining the advantages of gambir in skincare and how to incorporate it into bath soap formulations. Following the learning session, participants actively produced gambir-contained bath soap utilizing the provided formula. The activity received favorable feedback from participants who appreciated enhancing knowledge and skills. The outcomes of this endeavor underscore the substantial potential of developing body care products utilizing gambir as a primary ingredient. Participant testimonials underscore the need to conduct similar community engagement activities to harness Gambir's further utilization of other personal care products. The collaboration between the pharmacy study program and the local community has opened new avenues for local economic development and sustainable growth, significantly impacting the local population's well-being in the region.

This study aims to analyze the effect of self-confidence, sense of responsibility, and orientation on business success through managerial ability as a mediating variable. The research method used is quantitative. The population in this study were sheep farmers in Lembang Bandung, namely 80 farmers. The sampling technique of this research is probability sampling with a purposive sampling technique. The minimum sample size required is 68 respondents. Research data is obtained from primary data and secondary data. Data were obtained through respondents' answers using questionnaires. The data source refers to information obtained directly from consumers who are sampled respondents. The data analysis technique in this study uses Partial Least Square (PLS) with SMARTPLS Software's help. The results of this study show that a level of self-confidence, a sense of responsibility, and a future-oriented attitude have a significant effect on the success of the sheep breeder business and managerial ability can mediate the relationship between the level of self-confidence, a sense of responsibility, and a future-oriented attitude towards business success.

Digital tourism is the main strategy in promoting tourism destinations in Central Tapanuli Regency through the "Pesona Tapanuli Tengah" application and other digital platforms. However, challenges such as lack of attention from local governments and limited human resources in information technology are still issues. This study designed a digital-based tourism marketing model and identified factors influencing the low mastery of information technology among tourism human resources. Through a qualitative descriptive approach, this study highlights that the "Pesona Tapanuli Tengah" application and digital marketing strategy have a positive impact on increasing tourist interest. However, local governments, tourism industry players, and local communities need collaborative efforts to address these challenges. By continuing to improve digital marketing strategies and increasing digital literacy among the community, it is hoped that the tourism potential of Central Tapanuli Regency can be maximized, providing significant economic benefits for the local community.

Autism has a several disorder such as social interaction, communication, patterns play, activities and interests. How to help increase ability child autism through therapy. Lovaas method or Applied behavior analysis (ABA) is an intensive, structured, later teaching program capable transform A behavior and abilities complex become simple components for increase ability compliance and contact eyes in children. Collaboration between parents and parties school is needed in giving therapy. The aim of this study for analyze influence of educational media in the form of a booklet about Lovaas technique or Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) towards enhancement parental knowledge in therapy child autism. Pre- experimental research design with a one group pretest-posttest design approach. Taking sample use total sampling method with a sample of parents who have child autism a total of 30 people. Instrument study about knowledge use questionnaire. Data analysis used the Wilcoxon test. Research result showing that there is change from mark pretest and posttest from parents who have child autism. The Wilcoxon test results show P Value of 0.000, there is influence educational media in the form of a booklet about Lovaas technique / applied behavior analysis (ABA) towards enhancement parental knowledge in therapy child autism at SDLB Putra Harapan Bojonegoro. Health education using booklet media is necessary given in a way sustainable to parents with children autism.

The antioxidant potential of Graptophyllum pictum (wungu leaves), an indigenous shrub plant extensively used in traditional medicine in Indonesia, was investigated in this study. The research focused on a comprehensive evaluation of total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) across various plant parts, including roots, stems, and flowers, which had been underexplored in prior studies. The ethanol extract derived from wungu flowers and leaves demonstrated notable antioxidant potential, characterized by elevated TPC (12.22 ± 0.31 mg GAE/g DW) and FRAP (37.73 ± 1.08 μmol TEAC/g DW) in the ethanol extract of wungu flowers. Similarly, the ethanol extract of wungu leaves showcased a substantial TFC (2.31 ± 0.18 mg QE/g DW) and DPPH (1.12 ± 0.05 μmol TEAC/g DW), surpassing other parts of the wungu plant in the same or different extracts. These findings suggested that ethanol extracts were a promising foundation for herbal medicines with antioxidant properties, highlighting their potential applications in plant breeding programs. Furthermore, the correlation data underscored the significance of the ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts, revealing a robust correlation between TPC, TFC, and FRAP compared to the n-hexane extract.

Indonesia is the fourth largest coffe producer in the world. One of the centers of coffee cultivation in Indonesia is Central Aceh, whichis located in Gayo Highlands, which cultivates Arabica coffee. The problems that occur at this time raise question from coffee farmer groups about determining the quality of coffee beans to be distributed. The purpose of this research is to determine the quality of the coffee beans that will be distributed by applying the VIKOR method. VIKOR is ranking method using a multi-criteria ranking index based on the proximity of the ideal solution and determining the ranking of the existing samples. There are four alternatives used by Gayo1, Gayo2,Gayo3, and P88. There area six criteria, namely water content, dirt content, seed aroma, seed color, seed size, and pests. After calculating the VIKOR method which show the lowestindex value, namely 0 is Gayo3 as the first rabk, value 0,065 is P88 second rank, value 0,085 is Gayo2 rank thind, and value 1 is for Gayo1

Latar Belakang : Sebesar 1-3% anak di bawah usia 5 tahun mengalami keterlambatan perkembangan dasar, dimana penggunaan gadget yang berlebihan merupakan salah satu penyebabnya.1 Tujuan: Mengetahui hubungan antara durasi penggunaan gadget terhadap perkembangan dasar anak usia prasekolah di Taman Kanak-kanak (TK) Kota Pontianak. Metodologi: Penelitian ini bersifat analitik dengan desain potong lintang pada 96 siswa di TK Kota Pontianak. Hasil penelitian diuji dengan uji statistik chi square menggunakan SPSS 23.0. Hasil: Analisis univariat menunjukkan gadget milik orang tua sebesar 84,5% dan pengenalan gadget dilakukan oleh orang tua berjumlah 80,2% serta usia anak paling muda mengenal gadget adalah 8 bulan. Terdapat 15 orang (15,6%) mengalami penyimpangan, sebagian besar pada aspek bicara bahasa. Analisis bivariat antara durasi penggunaan gadget terhadap perkembangan dasar yaitu p=0,376. Kesimpulan: Terdapat anak yang mengalami penyimpangan perkembangan namun tidak ditemukan hubungan bermakna antara durasi penggunaan gadget terhadap perkembangan dasar anak usia prasekolah di Kota Pontianak.

In this work, ZnO-based powders were synthesized by a simple biosynthesis method using matoa leaf extract and microwave irradiation. The pure ZnO was modified with selenium doping (5, 10 and 15 at.%) to improve the photocatalytic capability in degrading 4-nitrophenol. The synthesized powders had wurtzite structure and XRD analysis demonstrated a change in ZnO lattice parameters with Se doping. Granular surface morphology and decrease in particle size with Se doping were observed by using FESEM. Meanwhile, EDX confirmed the presence of Zn, O and Se elements in the doped samples and BET analysis showed that the specific surface area ranged from 10 to 18m2/g. The observed strong absorption in UV region decreases with Se doping from 367 to 357 nm and is accompanied by an increase in the bandgap energy from 3.14 to 3.23 eV. Under UV irradiation, the ZnO powder doped with 5 at.% Se revealed the highest degrading reaction rate of −0.0218min−1 and photocatalytic efficiency of 88.4% compared to other samples. Therefore, it was shown that an optimal amount of Se and simple biosynthesis route can enhance the photocatalytic capability of ZnO.

Fortified foods have garnered significant attention as potential therapeutic strategies with less adverse effects and ready accessibility. However, precise formulation is required to optimize their beneficial effects. Our study aimed to unravel the mechanisms of a functional protein beverage, hydroxymethylbutyrate and glucosamine fortified whey protein drink (HG-WPD), as a possible intervention combatting sarcopenia and Alzheimer's disease (AD) by network pharmacology, molecular docking, and experimental assays. This study investigates the molecular pathways through which HG-WPD acts, by combining in silico and in vitro analyses. Our in silico study predicted the important target proteins, including acetylcholinesterase (AChE), matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9), and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), linked to both diseases. The molecular docking analysis showed that hydroxymethylbutyrate and glucosamine exhibited a notable binding affinity to these proteins, therefore suggesting their possible use as multi-target medicinal agents. In vitro studies on C2C12 myotubes showed that HG-WPD reduced dexamethasone-induced cell death highlighting its potential anti-sarcopenic actions. Furthermore, confirming their possible function in reducing cognitive impairment in AD, the antioxidant tests showed great activity of both substances. The results imply that HG-WPD is potentially effective for future therapeutic approaches as a functional food product with dual benefits in combatting sarcopenia and AD.

The main objective of this research is to analyze the implementation of a history literacy learning model based on discovery learning in Social Studies Education for grade X at Senior High School. A mixed methods intervention design was used in this study. The subjects of the research were teachers and students from Pertiwi Senior High School in Padang City, West Sumatra Province. Data collection was conducted through direct observation of classroom activities, interviews with 29 students and 1 teacher regarding their experiences in the learning process, and tests in the form of pretests and posttests to assess learning outcomes before and after the implementation of the learning model. The results of this study indicate that quantitatively, the use of the history literacy learning model based on discovery learning has a positive impact on students' learning outcomes, as evidenced by the differences in learning results before and after the model was implemented. Qualitatively, this model has encouraged students to engage directly in exploring historical information, providing them with experiences while training them to think critically and analytically about various historical narratives. This research implies the importance of applying the history literacy learning model based on discovery learning in Social Studies Education at senior high schools within the framework of the Merdeka Curriculum. Teachers can use this model to facilitate students in developing their understanding of history and training various skills that are needed.

Although Indonesian batik patterns vary by location, they usually depict local customs and cultures. Each batik has a unique quality and, to correctly identify the batik designs, you need to understand the design patterns. However, many people struggle to identify and categorize these kinds of motivation because they don't have the requisite knowledge, understanding, or access to sufficient information. This study used photo data to classify batik patterns into 15 different groups. Batik Kawung, Megamendung, Lasem, Pole, Machete, Gills, Nutmeg, Karaswasih, Cendrawasih, Geblek Renteng, Bali, Betawi, and Dayak are all included in this category. 1,350 images were used in the research. Google supports the collection of data. To provide the highest level of precision and to evaluate how image dimensions affect the classification of batik designs, this study employs convolutional neural networks (CNNs). The results of this study show that Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) is a well-liked deep learning method for data classification, especially in domains where picture classification is involved. The size of the images utilized affects the accuracy of computational neural network (CNN) algorithms. The results showed that the test using training data comparisons of 60%, 30% and 10% resulted in a 01.89% loss of 1.18% and a 100% improvement in accuracy.

Innovative behavior refers to the deliberate engagement in activities to generate and embrace novel ideas, concepts, or approaches to execute and accomplish tasks effectively. This study aims to investigate the impact of transformational leadership and emotional intelligence on innovative work behavior through knowledge sharing. The research population was employees in several public hospitals in Medan, North Sumatra, Indonesia. This quantitative study used survey methodology by sending questionnaires to administrative employees of public hospitals. The samples for this study consisted of 129 administrative employees with a minimum of one year of service at various public hospitals. The investigation employed a Likert scale questionnaire to gather data, which were subsequently analyzed utilizing SEM-PLS in conjunction with SmartPLS 4.0 software. The findings of this study indicate the influence between transformational leadership and emotional intelligence on knowledge sharing (p < 0.05) and innovative work behavior (p < 0.05). In addition, knowledge sharing affects innovative work behavior (p < 0.05). Knowledge sharing mediates the influence of transformational leadership on innovative work behavior (p < 0.05), and knowledge sharing mediates the influence of emotional intelligence on innovative work behavior (p < 0.05). AcknowledgmentThe funding for this study was provided by the budget allocated to Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara for the fiscal year 2023. Hence, we express our profound appreciation to the Rectorate of Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara and the Institute for Research and Community Service (LPPM) of Universitas Muhammadiyah Sumatera Utara.

Coffee is one of the largest commodities in the world. With coffee production more industrialized, waste generated a huge environmental problem. Coffee pulp is the main by-product of coffee processing. One of the components of coffee pulp is pectin. Pectin production from coffee pulp and its characteristics should be studied since extraction conditions used in production vary depending on raw material, desired type of pectin, and process economics. This research aimed to study the characteristics of pectin from coffee pulp extracted using oxalic acid under different times (80 and 90 minutes) and temperatures (100oC and 120oC). The parameters analyzed were yield, equivalent weight, water content, ash content, methoxyl, galacturonic acid, and degree of esterification. The result showed that extraction time and temperature affect the characteristics of pectin. The highest yield was obtained by extraction at 90oC for 90 minutes. The coffee pectin has colored light brown and is categorized as low methoxyl pectin. Overall pectin coffee pulp produced in this study has met the quality requirements of dried pectin by the International Pectin Producer Association (IPPA) standard

Lobster adalah salah satu jenis bahan pangan yang menjadi komoditas ekspor tertinggi. Lobster dapat diinfeksi oleh White Spot Syndrome Virus yang menyebabkan kematian dan kerugian ekonomi. Penelitian ini untuk mendeteksi adanya infeksi White Spot Syndrome Virus pada lobster di Balai Besar Karantina Ikan dan Pengendalian Hasil Mutu Makassar. Sebanyak 3 sampel lobster Panulirus spp diperiksa secara molekular. Deteksi White Spot Syndrome Virus dilakukan dengan menggunakan Primer Kit IQ2000™ pada mesin Polymerase Chain Reaction. Sampel positif terinfeksi White Spot Syndrome Virus ditandai dengan pita pada agar gel yang terbentuk dengan ukuran 296 bp dan 550 bp, sampel negatif jika pita yang terbentuk berada pada 848 bp. Hasil yang diperoleh setelah eletroforesis sampel pada gel agaros 1% ditemukan adanya pita yang berukuran 848 bp yang menunjukan hasil negatif. Berdasarkan hasil pengujian diatas dapat disimpulkan bahwa ketiga sampel lobster yang diperiksa di Balai Besar Karantina Ikan dan Pengendalian Hasil Mutu Makassar tidak terinfeksi White Spot Syndrome Virus.

The mining industry is experiencing a transformative shift with the integration of automation, particularly through autonomous haul truck systems, and further advancements are anticipated with the application of swarm robotics. This study evaluates the performance of four swarm robot models, namely baseline, ant, firefly, and honeybee, in optimizing key mining operations such as ore detection, extraction, and transportation. Simulations replicating real-world mining environments were conducted to assess improvements in operational efficiency, scalability, reliability, selectivity, and energy consumption. The results demonstrate that these models can significantly enhance the precision and productivity of mining activities, especially in complex and dynamic settings. A case study of the Pilbara iron ore mine in Australia is presented to illustrate the practical applicability of these models in an actual mining context. The study also highlights specific enhancements in each model, including role specialization in the ant model, advanced communication in the firefly model, and improved localization combined with hybrid control in the honeybee model. While the honeybee model showed superior performance in high-precision tasks, its reliability was limited under high-error conditions, and it faced a computational resources bottleneck in large-scale operations, highlighting the need for further development. By evaluating these models against performance criteria, the study identifies the most suitable swarm models for various mining conditions, offering insights into achieving more sustainable, scalable, and efficient mining operations.

The application of shade during plants’ growth significantly alters the biochemical compounds of the essential oil (EO). We aimed to analyze the effect of shade on the volatile compounds and biochemical activities of EO extracted from Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb. (C. xanthorrhiza) plants. Four shading conditions were applied: no shading (S0), 25% (S25), 50% (S50), and 75% shade (S75). The volatile compounds of EO extracted from each shaded plant were analyzed by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry. The antioxidant, antibacterial, and antiproliferative activities of EO were also investigated. We found that shade application significantly reduced the C. xanthorrhiza EO yield but increased its aroma and bioactive compound concentration. α-curcumene, xanthorrhizol, α-cedrene, epicurzerenone, and germacrone were found in EO extracted from all conditions. However, β-bisabolol, curzerene, curcuphenol, and γ-himachalene were only detected in the EO of S75 plants. The EO of the shaded plants also showed higher antioxidant activity as compared to unshaded ones. In addition, the EO extracted from S75 exerted higher antiproliferative activity on HeLa cells as compared to S0. The EO extracted from S0 and S25 showed higher antibacterial activity against Gram-positive bacteria than kanamycin. Our results suggest that shade applications alter the composition of the extractable volatile compounds in C. xanthorrhiza, which may result in beneficial changes in the biochemical activity of the EO.

Over the past twenty-five years, gender and politics scholars have engaged in extensive theoretical and empirical discussions about women’s political representation. This article provides a comprehensive literature review of these studies. This study is divided into three themes: descriptive representation of women, substantive representation of women, and the correlation between descriptive and substantive representation of women. The literature review method is carried out by exploring and compiling studies on women’s political representation from various countries, classifying them based on specific topics, and mapping out what has been explored in these studies. The results of the study show that most of the research on women’s political representation is in the realm of women’s descriptive representation, which generally discusses the factors that affect the level of women’s political representation, obstacles and challenges in women’s political representation and the strategies used by women candidates in electoral politics. Meantime, studies on women’s substantive representation still need to be explored, especially in the context of countries in Asia, especially Indonesia. Then, studies on the relationship between descriptive and substantive representations of women show two debate patterns. Some experts believe a positive correlation exists between increasing the number of women’s representation and its substantive effect. Some others find no correlation between the descriptive and substantive representations of women.

Background A number of complementary educational feeding modules have been circulating in the community, but mothers have yet to use them optimally. There is an urgent need for an effective educational method on appropriate complementary feeding and an instrument to measure maternal knowledge in proper complementary feeding practices. Objective To develop and assess the validity and reliability of a questionnaire on complementary feeding practices. Methods We conducted a qualitative study to develop a questionnaire followed by a cross-sectional study to test the validity and the reliability of the PI-MPASI questionnaire. The research team designed the PI-MPASI questionnaire through a literature review with a team of experts, based on the evidence-based feeding practice recommendations for infants and toddlers in Indonesia as compiled by the Indonesian Pediatric Society (IPS) in 2015. Content validation was carried out through expert review, whilst the construct validity and the reliability were tested on 110 mothers who met the inclusion criteria. Results In the content validity assessment, an average congruent percentage of 90% was obtained for the sub-themes of time, nutritional adequacy, safety, and feeding responsiveness as the four essential points that mothers should know regarding proper complementary feeding practices. Most of the item scores showed moderate to high correlations with the total score, with reliability test showcasing a good internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha = 0.715). Conclusion This study showed that our questionnaire on mothers’ knowledge in complementary feeding practices (PI-MPASI) is a valid and reliable instrument to assess maternal knowledge on correct complementary feeding practices in Indonesia.

Abstract Slope failures in Bangladesh's Chittagong division are a growing concern, with fatalities increasing from 19 in 2000 to 162 in 2017 and projected to rise further. This study aims to identify the most vulnerable rock formation and assess Carboxymethyl Cellulose (CMC) as a solution for enhancing shale strength and mitigating slope failures. The research began by evaluating weathering susceptibility and stability of different rock layers, revealing the high instability of shale in the Bhuban Formation. Slake durability tests measured cation concentration to understand shale instability mechanisms. Laboratory experiments, including immersion tests and grained-and-molded shale specimens, examined CMC's potential to improve shale stability. Results indicated that the shale of the Bhuban Formation had the highest hammer value variations, indicating increased weathering susceptibility. Shale instability was attributed to illite layer dissolution, releasing K+. Intact shale specimens treated with CMC showed enhanced penetration resistance, shear strength, and deformation behavior, suggesting CMC's potential in increasing shale stability. Grained-and-molded shale specimens treated with CMC demonstrated increased shear strength, critical shear displacement, and contraction deformational behavior. Optical microscopy and scanning electron microscopy revealed the formation of cross-links between shale grains, contributing to improved shale stability. Further research is needed to explore the application of CMC for enhancing in situ rock slope stability. This study emphasizes the importance of addressing slope failures in the Chittagong division and provides insights into mitigating the risks through CMC-based interventions.

Various proportions of bentonite clay performing as co-catalysts were evaluated for the production of biodiesel from waste cooking oil (WCO). The results showed that the use of bentonite as a heterogeneous co-catalyst could significantly increase the biodiesel yield by approximately 50% of the control. The heterogeneous co-catalyst of bentonite clay improved the properties of the produced biodiesel including acid number, free fatty acids (FFA), relative density, kinematic viscosity and flash point fulfilling with the standard ASTM limits and the European Biodiesel Standard (EN 14214). The use of bentonite clay in the transesterification of WCO could also enhance the conductivity of the produced biodiesel from 11 to 100 µS.m-1.

Baby Fish counting must be counted accurately so it will not cause any loss, especially for fish seeds or fingerlings that have a small size. Generally, people still use conventional counting methods that produce low accuracy values. This research will make a Nila Baby Fish fingerlings counter program using the YOLOv3 algorithm and Blobb detection technique. The annotation data process will use LabelImg, and the dataset training will use Google COLABoratory with the Darknet framework in an online environment. Images that will predict in this program will be called and detected with an object detector. The object with a confidence score of more than 0.3 will be converted into a blob. The blob value will be forwarded to the output layer for scaling the bounding box objects. The output of this program is the predicted image, blob value, prediction time, and the number of Nila seeds. The model performance is evaluated using a confusion matrix and got a 98.87% for accuracy score.

Abstract Background The emergence of the Coronavirus disease 2019 (Covid-19) pandemic has affected nurses’ mental and psychological health. This study investigates the prevalence of depression, anxiety, and stress among Indonesian mental health nurses and their perception of mental illness. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted shortly before the height of the Covid-19 outbreak in Indonesia. The data were collected using the 21 items of the Depression, Anxiety, and Stress Scale (DASS-21), the questionnaire on perception toward mental illness, and demographic information. Results Approximately 2.5%, 6.5%, and 1.9% of the nurses had the symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress, respectively. The vast majority of them perceive that society should treat well people with mental illness (94.8%) and that the government should protect them (94.8%). More than half also believe that they can eat anything but seldom get physically ill (62.1%) and that in Islam, people with mental illness are innocent and are destined for paradise (61.1%). Conclusions A considerably low prevalence of mental distress was discovered, which might be attributed to the nurses’ implementation of mental health skills and effective coping mechanisms. Further training and awareness-raising campaigns are needed to address their misconceptions about mental illness.

This study aims to explore the activities of fish traders in traditional markets by connecting mathematics and culture, known as ethnomathematics. The type of research used is qualitative research with an ethnographic approach. Data collection techniques used are library data, observation, and interviews. The data analysis technique refers to the Miles and Huberman model: data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. This study found that the activities of fish traders in traditional markets were grouped into three processes: measurement, packaging, and buying and selling. The concepts found in these three activities are measurement, sets, one-variable linear equations, weight comparisons, social arithmetic, relations and functions, two-variable linear equations, flat-sided spaces, and probability. Thus, the activities of fish traders contain ethnomathematics elements which are simultaneously an application of mathematical theory learned at school. Further researchers are advised to examine the quality of ethnomathematics-based mathematics learning.

Research aims: This research aims to prove the effect of independent commissioner performance and audit committee expertise on earnings management to avoid earnings decreases and political connections to strengthen independent commissioner performance and audit committee expertise to limit earnings management. Design/Methodology/Approach: The population was manufacturing firms listed on Indonesian Stock Exchange during 2017-2020. The sampling technique used purposive sampling with a sample of 102 firms for four years or 408 observations. Then, hypothesis testing employed multiple regression analysis and hierarchical regression analysis. Research findings: The results showcased that accrual earnings management and abnormal discretionary expenses were used by managers to avoid decreases in earnings. On the other hand, corporate governance, like audit committee expertise, could be used to limit earnings management. While the political connection could strengthen and weaken the effect of independent commissioner performances in limiting earning management, political connections could not strengthen audit committee expertise in limiting real and accrual earnings management. Theoretical contribution/Originality: This research contributes to the political connection and earning management literature and provides empirical evidence of agency theory, positive accounting theory, prospect theory, and resource dependence theory. Practitioner/Policy implication: This research contributes to investors in determining investment decisions. Research limitation/Implication: The limitation of this research is that independent variables only used two components of corporate governance, i.e., the independent commissioner performances and audit committee expertise, so the level of influence of the independent variables on the dependent was small.

Digitalization has an important role in the current era as an implication of technological developments, it can be used as a tool to predict the future. Tourism villages can utilize digitalization to the process of marketing to make it easier for tourists when accessing information about tourist villages. This study was conducted to explore the potential that can be developed and maximized in supporting digitalization in tourism villages, as well as to find out what obstacles arise in the application of digitalization. The data collection technique used in this study is a data collection technique through observation and interviews which is then analyzed using thematic data analysis. The results of the study found several potential applications of digitalization that can be developed such as the use of social media, websites, as well as the existence of several young people who already know applications to create content such as Lightroom Mobile, Capcut, and Pixellab. Unfortunately, there are two things that hinder the implementation of digitalization in the Banceuy Traditional Village, namely the limited internet network and the lack of quality of human resources owned. The development of the findings of this study is expected to be able to become material for evaluation and study for academics and practitioners in general, and specifically for local governments, managers, and the people of Banceuy Traditional Village in terms of implementing digitalization in tourism villages. So that in the future it will support the development of Banceuy Traditional Village as a superior tourist village destination

Language activities are part of the linguistic environment as means of teaching Arabic. As for the linguistic environment, it has an important role in the acquisition of language by linguistic activities in it. This language activity program in an innovative way is a solution for educational institutions that have difficulty in making students able to achieve four language skills and stimulate students to think flexibly, fluently and innovatively. The approach used in this research is the qualitative approach. The results of this research are the things that need attention and improvement in the implementation of innovative language activities, which are the innovation of the teacher, the innovation of the teacher is the main requirement in the development of students' motivation and innovation. The innovative teacher will provide innovative inspiration to students with different stimuli to train students' innovation. If the teacher is good at motivating students to study seriously. Students who are already motivated, will develop their innovation during the classroom learning process. Teacher innovation is required during the education process. Innovative education will make students more attention and ability to better develop their material.

This study aims to develop a website-based E-learning management system (LMS) application product that can become a PJOK learning medium byLearning Management System (LMS) in which all learning is focused on one medium, as well as an information medium for available Physical Education, Sports and Health (PJOK) class packages so that they can be read in detail and completely. This study involved 62 physical education sports and health teacher subjects (PJOK) and 50 student subjects. The research was conducted in two stages. The first stage of the small-scale trial consisted of 5 students from SMK Negeri 10 Medan. The second stage of the large-scale trial consisted of 3 state schools namely SMA Negeri 1 Binjai, SMK Negeri 2 Medan and SMK Negeri 10 Medan where each school consisted of 1 student as a representative. This type of research uses the type of development research (research and development) by involving media/IT experts. Material experts, expert practitioners of learning, namely practitioners who use teachers and students. Based on the results of the trial by media/IT experts, the application rating was obtained with a score of 4.54 in the Very Good category and declared "decent". Meanwhile, for the test subjects, student users received an assessment of having a total average score of 4.6 out of 5.0 which, when converted for the feasibility of this product, was in the "very good" category and declared "decent". The test subjects using PJOK teacher practitioners received an assessment of 4.75 out of 5.0 in the Very Good category and "deserved" to be tested on learning practitioners and users. Based on the data above, the website-based e-learning management system (LMS) application product is feasible. used to streamline and streamline the teaching and learning process to be better and more innovative.

Model kooperatif Think Pair Share merupakan salah satu model pembelajaran yang dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa. Penelitian ini bertujuan melihat apakah model pembelajaran Think Pair Share dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar PAI siswa. Metode ini menggunakan penelitian tindakan kelas dengan 2 siklus. Subjek penelitian ini siswa kelas VIII 9 berjumlah 30 orang. Teknik pengumpulan data menggunakan observasi, Â angket, dan tes. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian bahwa penerapan model kooperatif tipe Think Pair Share menunjukkan adanya peningkatan terhadap keaktifan belajar siswa yaitu siklus I diperoleh persentase sebesar 60,22%. Aktivitas belajar siswa siklus II diperoleh 91,47% maka keaktifan siswa selama proses tindakan mengalami peningkatan 31,25% dengan kategori sangat baik. Motivasi belajar siswa pada saat prasiklus, siklus I, dan siklus II dengan persentase pra siklus sebesar 13,33% siswa kurang termotivasi dan meningkat pada siklus I mencapai persentase 30% dengan kategori termotivasi. Pada siklus II menunjukkan peningkatan persentase menjadi 63,33% kategori termotivasi. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut meningkat dari siklus I dan Siklus II secara signifikan sebesar 93,33% sehingga mencapai indikator keberhasilan yang telah ditentukan. Kesimpulannya bahwa model pembelajaran Think Pair Share secara efektif dapat meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa. Implikasi hasil penelitian ini dapat menjadi rujukan dalam pengembangan model pembelajaran Think Pair Share khususnya dalam meningkatkan motivasi belajar siswa.

AbstractRock quality designation (RQD) is a standard technique in mining and geotechnical investigation for quantifying the quality and degree of jointing of the rock mass. However, the need for expeditious and inexpensive geotechnical site characterization is the prime motivation for modifying RQD. This research work integrates 2D Electrical Resistivity Tomography (2D ERT) and Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) conducted at Site 1 and Site 2. The UAV survey was performed to calculate RQD on the rock surface using volumetric Joint Counts (Jv) at Sites 1 and 2. A 2D ERT survey was conducted to obtain the corresponding subsurface resistivity values. Using k-nearest neighbours (k-NN), resistivity values were assigned to various RQD indices such as very poor rocks (2500 Ωm excellent rock. Based on the established correlation of RQD and resistivity, the subsurface rock mass quality at Site 1 was predominantly good and excellent rock, while at Site 2, poor rock was significantly reported. This research concluded that rock mass characterization using RQD is more rapid and inexpensive than the direct or indirect calculation of RQD. The combined 2D ERT and UAV deployed in this research study provide an environmentally non-destructive approach for slope stability assessment.

The PbGA-DDPG algorithm, which uses a potential-based GA-optimized reward shaping function, is a versatiledeep reinforcement learning/DRLagent that can control a vehicle in a complex environment without prior knowledge. However, when compared to an established deterministic controller, it consistently falls short in terms of landing distance accuracy. To address this issue, the HYDESTOC Hybrid Deterministic-Stochastic (a combination of DDPG/deep deterministic policy gradient and PID/proportional-integral-derivative) algorithm was introduced to improve terminal distance accuracy while keeping propellant consumption low. Results from extensive cross-validated Monte Carlo simulations show that a miss distance of less than 0.02 meters, landing speed of less than 0.4 m/s, settling time of 20 seconds or fewer, and a constant crash-free performance is achievable using this method.

Brown adipose tissue (BAT) dissipates energy as heat, contributing to temperature control, energy expenditure, and systemic homeostasis. In adult humans, BAT mainly exists in supraclavicular areas and its prevalence is associated with cardiometabolic health. However, the developmental origin of supraclavicular BAT remains unknown. Here, using genetic cell marking in mice, we demonstrate that supraclavicular brown adipocytes do not develop from the Pax3+/Myf5+ epaxial dermomyotome that gives rise to interscapular BAT (iBAT). Instead, the Tbx1+ lineage that specifies the pharyngeal mesoderm marks the majority of supraclavicular brown adipocytes. Tbx1Cre-mediated ablation of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARγ) or PR/SET Domain 16 (PRDM16), components of the transcriptional complex for brown fat determination, leads to supraclavicular BAT paucity or dysfunction, thus rendering mice more sensitive to cold exposure. Moreover, human deep neck BAT expresses higher levels of the TBX1 gene than subcutaneous neck white adipocytes. Taken together, our observations reveal location-specific developmental origins of BAT depots and call attention to Tbx1+ lineage cells when investigating human relevant supraclavicular BAT.

Rapid technological development not only has a positive effect on education, the negative impact is given such as lack of movement even in a game on the device. Traditional games that are almost extinct can be preserved for preservation as well as an attraction in educational tourism. The purpose of the study was to understand that the conservation of traditional games as a value of local wisdom can be an educational tourist attraction. This research uses qualitative to uncover the meaning of research results with case study techniques. The results of exploration of traditional game conservation in Kampung Adat Banceuy can be beneficial for education, destinations, and also local culture. Educational tourism not only provides benefits for researchers, but for tourists where recreation can be done while learning directly. Keywords: Educational Tourism, Traditional Games, Wisdom Local Value

Java cardamom is an herbal medicinal plant known as the "queen of spices." This research aims to determine the influence of shading and nitrogen fertilizer dose on the total phenolics, flavonoids, and antioxidant activity of Java cardamom stems and rhizomes. The study employed a split-plot design with two factors: the level of shading (0, 25, 50, and 75%) as the main plot and the dosage of nitrogen (N) fertilizer (0, 0.9, and 1.36 g polybag-1) as the subplots. Twelve months after planting, the rhizome and stem dried powder were extracted using the sonication-maceration technique with ethanol as the solvent. The 75% shading affected the more outstanding production of total phenolics (1.65 ± 0.59 mg GAE g-1 DW), DPPH antioxidant (4.95 ± 0.50 µmol TEAC g-1 DW), and FRAP antioxidant (8.94 ± 2.56 µmol TEAC g-1 DW) activities of the rhizomes cultivated with 0 g/polybag N in comparison to the stems of the plants. Contrary to phenolics and antioxidant activities, total flavonoids cultivated at 0% shading with 1.36 g polybag-1 N of the stems increased concentration than the rhizomes. The results indicated that the 75% shading affected the Java cardamom rhizome's phenolic content and antioxidant activities.

IntroductionBrown adipose tissue (BAT) dissipates energy in the form of heat majorly via the mitochondrial uncoupling protein 1 (UCP1). The activation of BAT, which is enriched in the neck area and contains brown and beige adipocytes in humans, was considered as a potential therapeutic target to treat obesity. Therefore, finding novel agents that can stimulate the differentiation and recruitment of brown or beige thermogenic adipocytes are important subjects for investigation. The current study investigated how the availability of extracellular thiamine (vitamin B1), an essential cofactor of mitochondrial enzyme complexes that catalyze key steps in the catabolism of nutrients, affects the expression of thermogenic marker genes and proteins and subsequent functional parameters during ex vivo adipocyte differentiation.MethodsWe differentiated primary human adipogenic progenitors that were cultivated from subcutaneous (SC) or deep neck (DN) adipose tissues in the presence of gradually increasing thiamine concentrations during their 14-day differentiation program. mRNA and protein expression of thermogenic genes were analyzed by RT-qPCR and western blot, respectively. Cellular respiration including stimulated maximal and proton-leak respiration was measured by Seahorse analysis.ResultsHigher thiamine levels resulted in increased expression of thiamine transporter 1 and 2 both at mRNA and protein levels in human neck area-derived adipocytes. Gradually increasing concentrations of thiamine led to increased basal, cAMP-stimulated, and proton-leak respiration along with elevated mitochondrial biogenesis of the differentiated adipocytes. The extracellular thiamine availability during adipogenesis determined the expression levels of UCP1, PGC1a, CKMT2, and other browning-related genes and proteins in primary SC and DN-derived adipocytes in a concentration-dependent manner. Providing abundant amounts of thiamine further increased the thermogenic competency of the adipocytes.DiscussionCase studies in humans reported that thiamine deficiency was found in patients with type 2 diabetes and obesity. Our study raises the possibility of a novel strategy with long-term thiamine supplementation, which can enhance the thermogenic competency of differentiating neck area-derived adipocytes for preventing or combating obesity.

Detecting rumours on social media requires careful consideration of content and context. Graph-based neural network techniques have been used to explore the contextual features of tweets. However, reliable contextual feature extraction from Twitter is challenging due to its rules and restrictions. BERT-based models extract features directly from tweet content but can be computationally expensive, limiting their practicality. We propose CE-BERT, a concise and efficient model to detect rumours on Twitter using only source text. By reducing the number of BERT parameters, we improved processing speed without sacrificing performance. Our experiments show that CE-BERT outperformed BERT textsubscript BASE and RoBERTa, achieving comparable results to leading graph-based models. CE-BERT is more promising for real-world scenarios due to Twitter’s nature. Our results indicate that CE-BERT is faster, more concise, and more efficient than other advanced models. We hope our research aids in developing practical and effective techniques for detecting rumours on social media.

Purpose - This study aims to determine the right promotion concept for 212 Mart Medan with variables studied are sales promotion, advertising, direct marketing and public relations in increasing customer loyalty. Methodology - Data collection is done through a questionnaire with a sampling technique used random sampling by using 100 customers of 212 Mart Medan. Data processing using Structural Equation Model (SEM) analysis. Findings - The results of this study indicate that the variables of sales promotion, advertising, direct marketing and public relations have a significant influence on customer loyalty at 212 Mart Medan. Originality/Novelty - Digital marketing model through the Website, Facebook (FB), Instagram IG), and Whatsapp Group (WAG) which are integrated with social media owned by FOSIL BKM MEDAN as a forum for gathering representatives of mosque management to mobilize Muslims united to build sharia economy through shopping at 212 Mart Medan. Implications - With the availability of those media, 212 Mart Medan can be used as a place for sales promotion, advertising, direct marketing, public relations in an effort to increase customer loyalty

This research aims to analyze how Bandung Good Guide can present tourist packages/activities during the COVID-19 pandemic circumstances. This research took place in Bandung, from September to November 2021 and uses a qualitative descriptive approach, also previous academic literature studies that address wellness tourism and the social economy. During the pandemic, the government has various programs in controlling the spread of the COVID-19 virus by restricting people's movements, prohibiting people from traveling far, and closing tourist attractions, which feels like the end of the tourist travel industry. But for people who called Bandung Good Guide, initiating a new tourism business concept, they created a travel program called “everyday tour”. Where the tour runs every day with a different theme and topic every day also uses a payment system pay as you go with a minimum payment, which turned out to be in great demand and gave positive appreciation for the guides. Presenting a social vision that wants to increase the value of a professional tour guide and increase the tourist's time -stay to travel in the city of Bandung, making this business concept, not just a general business, it turns interested tourists. The results of this article turn that the COVID-19 pandemic is not the end of the tourism business. Using the concept of health tourism with a social touch in packaging products turns out that tourists are not afraid to participate in tourist programs/activities during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Leaders or leaders of an educational institution as people who are used to deciding what is right or most appropriate in certain situations, especially in the education policy itself. Of course, in the current era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0, policy is all about elements and values. The match is in the section itself. From individuals to world interests, their infrastructure must be properly managed. Education is actually a means to advance human civilization, plays an open role in this Industrial Revolution era, and must comply with aims and objectives without being constrained by regional interests. To prevent this very rapid development from being hampered or misdirected, we really need a very optimal role. New education policies need to be developed easily and quickly, but still put humanity first. This is of course the realm of education.

Butterfly pea (Clitoria ternatea) had a variety of active compounds that was the potential an alternative source of natural antioxidants. Procedures for isolating active compounds could been through microwave-assisted extraction. The purpose of this research was to found out the combination of solvent volume treatment, extraction time, and microwave power that produces optimum yield and analysis of extract quality characteristics. Microwave-assisted extraction process used 10 g of butterfly pea powder with a solvent volume of 150 ml to 250 ml, extraction time of 3 minutes to 7 minutes, and power by 30% to 70%. This study used the experimental methods and optimization processes with The Respon Surface Methodology (RSM) type Box-Behnken Design (BBD). Optimum conditions of the extraction process were obtained with a solvent volume of 196 ml for 3 minutes, and microwave power of 30%. The yield optimal response result was obtained by 53.39%, residual ethanol was 30.17%, total flavonoid compounds was 60.77 mgQE/g, specific gravity 1.082, pH 4.33 and color analysis L* 14.93, a* 0.14, b* -0.56, chromatic 0.56, hue 284.63 (Blue Purple), and TCD was in very different categories. This study analyzed that microwave-assisted extraction with variable solvent volume, time, and power affects the yield and quality characteristics of the extracts.

Tujuan penelitian adalah untuk melihat pengimplementasian Numbered Heads Together (NHT) dalam peningkatan kemampuan memahami teks Bahasa Inggris pada peserta didik kelas VII.2 SMP Negeri 12 Palembang Provinsi Sumatera Selatan tahun ajaran 2022/2023. Penelitian ini adalah jenis Penelitian Tindakan Kelas (PTK), yang dilakukan dalam dua siklus pada bulan Maret dan Mei 2023. Partisipan pada penelitian ini adalah 35 peserta didik dari kelas VII.2. Data pada penelitian ini dikumpulkan melalui instrumen tes dan observasi, lalu dianalisis menggunakan teknik analisis deskriptif serta persentase pada tes. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian diketahui bahwa pengimplementasian Numbered Heads Together (NHT) sangat baik diterapkan dalam pembelajaran karena meningkatkan hasil belajar peserta didik dalam memahami teks Bahasa Inggris. Hal ini ditunjukkan dengan peningkatan hasil tes dari kondisi awal (pra-siklus) yaitu 34,29% menjadi 57,14% pada siklus I (terjadi peningkatan sebesar 22,85%) dan meningkat kembali pada siklus II menjadi 85,71% (terjadi peningkatan sebesar 28,58%). Selain itu, perubahan sikap positif peserta didik juga tampak dari hasil observasi dengan berpartisipasi aktif dalam proses pembelajaran, fokus dan mencatat materi teks Bahasa Inggris, mengajukan pertanyaan, lebih bertanggung jawab dan bekerja sama, serta merasakan kegembiraan mengikuti proses pembelajaran. Dengan demikian, pengimplementasian Numbered Heads Together (NHT) meningkatkan kemampuan memahami teks Bahasa Inggris pada peserta didik kelas VII.2 SMP Negeri 12 Palembang Provinsi Sumatera Selatan tahun ajaran 2022/2023.

Introduction: White adipocytes store lipids, have a large lipid droplet and few mitochondria. Brown and beige adipocytes, which produce heat, are characterized by high expression of uncoupling protein (UCP) 1, multilocular lipid droplets, and large amounts of mitochondria. The rs1421085 T-to-C single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of the human FTO gene interrupts a conserved motif for ARID5B repressor, resulting in adipocyte type shift from beige to white.Methods: We obtained abdominal subcutaneous adipose tissue from donors carrying FTO rs1421085 TT (risk-free) or CC (obesity-risk) genotypes, isolated and differentiated their preadipocytes into beige adipocytes (driven by the PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone for 14 days), and activated them with dibutyryl-cAMP for 4 hours. Then, either the same culture conditions were applied for additional 14 days (active beige adipocytes) or it was replaced by a white differentiation medium (inactive beige adipocytes). White adipocytes were differentiated by their medium for 28 days.Results and Discussion: RNA-sequencing was performed to investigate the gene expression pattern of adipocytes carrying different FTO alleles and found that active beige adipocytes had higher brown adipocyte content and browning capacity compared to white or inactive beige ones when the cells were obtained from risk-free TT but not from obesity-risk CC genotype carriers. Active beige adipocytes carrying FTO CC had lower thermogenic gene (e.g., UCP1, PM20D1, CIDEA) expression and thermogenesis measured by proton leak respiration as compared to TT carriers. In addition, active beige adipocytes with CC alleles exerted lower expression of ASC-1 neutral amino acid transporter (encoded by SLC7A10) and less consumption of Ala, Ser, Cys, and Gly as compared to risk-free carriers. We did not observe any influence of the FTO rs1421085 SNP on white and inactive beige adipocytes highlighting its exclusive and critical effect when adipocytes were activated for thermogenesis.

Background: Brain metastases are a common complication in a wide range of cancers but are ubiquitous among patients with lung cancer. Limited data are available on the survival of patients with lung cancer and brain metastases in Indonesia. In this study, we aimed to identify the factors that might contribute to and predict survival in patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) that resulted in brain metastases. Methods: This retrospective study on patients with NSCLC and brain metastases was conducted using data available from the medical records of the Dharmais National Cancer Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia. The study outcome was survival time, which was associated with sex, age, smoking status, body mass index, number of brain metastases, tumor location, systemic therapy, and other therapies. Descriptive statistics, median survival, Kaplan-Meier graphs, and Cox regression were analyzed using SPSS version 27. Results: We included 111 patients with NSCLC and brain metastases in this study. The median patient age was 58 years. Long survivorship was observed among women (median: 95.4 weeks; P

Abstrak: Studi kasus ini mengkaji mengenai komunikasi organisasi pemimpin dalam mengatasi konflik yang terjadi di SMAN 2 Percontohan Karang Baru Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang, Provinsi Aceh. Tujuan penelitian ini dilakukan untuk mengkaji mengenai pendekatan komunikasi yang tepat digunakan untuk mengatasi permasalahan komunikasi di SMAN 2 Percontohan Karang Baru Kabupaten Aceh Tamiang, Provinsi Aceh. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan deskriptif kualitatif dengan melakukan studi survei. Penelitian dilakukan dengan melakukan observasi dan wawancara dengan subjek penelitian kepala sekolah dan guru di SMAN 2 Percontohan Karang Baru. Hasil observasi menunjukkan bahwa komunikasi organisasi kepala sekolah di SMAN 2 Percontohan Karang Baru untuk mengatasi konflik dapat dilakukan dengan mengimplementasikan pendekatan sistem, pendekatan budaya, dan pendekatan kritik. Berdasarkan pendekatan yang dapat dilakukan kepala sekolah, diharapkan kepala sekolah menguasai keterampilan komunikasi untuk mengatasi permasalahan komunikasi yang terjadi dengan memberikan bimbingan, arahan, dan juga motivasi kepada guru lainnya.