Search

Comment les jeunes Belges envisagent-ils leur avenir ? Fil conducteur de cette recherche, cette question nous permet d'interroger les perspectives d'une jeunesse diverse. Ces perspectives touchent à la fois leur compréhension et leur perception des phénomènes associés aux changements climatiques, leurs manières de s'informer sur la question, ainsi que leur vision concernant l'éducation qu'ils ont reçue et l'avenir que leur réserve le marché du travail. Pour appréhender empiriquement ces questions, une double enquête de terrain a été conduite. Une première partie quantitative a permis de dégager des tendances de pratiques et de perceptions des différentes catégories de jeunes prétriés selon des critères sociodémographiques. Une seconde partie qualitative a permis d'affiner ces données grâce à des focus groups sondant l'opinion des jeunes Belges les plus précaires. Ce travail de terrain confirme la pertinence de considérer une grande diversité au sein du groupe social « jeune » (15-24 ans), puisque des différences considérables sont observées, notamment entre les catégories socioéconomiques, mais aussi entre les classes d'âge. Pour dépasser ces constats et approfondir l'analyse segmentée des jeunes, des personae ont été constitués. Ainsi, sept profils de jeunes exclusifs les uns des autres sont dégagés, non pas dans l’objectif de ranger les jeunes dans des cases, mais pour proposer des solutions personnalisées en fonction de leurs différentes pratiques et valeurs. Les résultats de cette recherche permettent la formulation de recommandations concernant aussi bien les perspectives de communication climatique à l'égard des jeunes que les perspectives politiques à mettre en oeuvre pour encourager leur participation. Ces recommandations sont formulées de manière générale, mais aussi spécifiquement pour chaque persona identifiée. Enfin, les recommandations émanant autant des jeunes eux-mêmes que des experts ayant réalisé l’étude.

In primary care, patients increasingly face difficult decisions related to complex care needs (multimorbidity, polypharmacy, mental health issues, social vulnerability and structural barriers). There is a need for a pragmatic conceptual model to understand decisional needs among patients with complex care needs and outcomes related to decision. We aimed to identify types of decisional needs among patients with complex care needs, and decision-making configurations of conditions associated with decision outcomes.

Although the policy performance field acknowledges the importance of adopting a long-term decision making perspective to attain more sustainable policy outcomes, it overlooks the way in which sustainable governance conditions and policy performance relate to each other. We address this gap by investigating why some countries succeed in terms of policy performance while others do not. Applying a fuzzy-set QCA to 41 Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development and European Union countries of the Sustainable Governance Indicators data, we find out that successful economic and social policy performance is mainly driven by executive accountability conditions combined with effective implementation, while the high-quality of media plays a key role in successful environmental policy performance. Considering the multiple paths that practitioners can follow toward sustainable development benefits, they can also learn how to shift from short-term to long-term thinking by identifying “what works and why,” formulating good practices and guidelines for better policy performance in the respective national contexts.

The year 2021 was the first full year for the De Croo I Cabinet, which had been installed in October 2020 after difficult and lengthy negotiations. The oversized and ideologically diverse ?Vivaldi? coalition government struggled as it was confronted with the management of the COVID-19 pandemic, amidst frequent tensions between the coalition partners, with the two largest Flemish parties (Flemish Interest/Vlaams Belang and New Flemish Alliance/Nieuw-Vlaamse Alliantie) shooting from the opposition. Further, usual disagreements continued to prevail between Flemish and Francophone parties and their respective executives at the subnational level. Hence, discussions on the contours of a ? still very tentative ? seventh state reform did not make much progress. Wallonia, the country's southern region, was hit by catastrophic floods in July. The whole public response to these floods added up to the massive costs of handling COVID-19, which resulted in a structurally large budget deficit., L'année 2021 fut la première année complète pour le gouvernement De Croo I entré en fonction en octobre 2020 au terme de longues et difficiles négociations. La coalition ?Vivaldi?, très large et idéologiquement diversifiée, rencontra bien des difficultés dans sa gestion de la pandémie COVID-19; cette dernière suscita de fréquentes tensions entre les partenaires de la coalition alors que les deux plus grands partis flamands (le VB et la N-VA) menaient une opposition active. Par ailleurs, les désaccords habituels se prolongèrent entre les partis flamands et francophones et leurs exécutifs respectifs à l?échelon subnational. Dans ces conditions, les discussions autour d'une septième réforme de l'Etat aux contours encore très vagues ne progressèrent guère. La Wallonie, la région du Sud du pays, fut frappée par des inondations catastrophiques en juillet. La réponse des autorités publiques à ces inondations, conjuguée aux coûts très élevés de la gestion COVID-19, se traduisit par un déficit budgétaire structurellement élevé.

This study aims to identify resource-based profiles of sport clubs related to collaboration and non-collaboration with other sport clubs. Organizational capacity is used to frame this study theoretically. A qualitative comparative analysis (QCA) (n = 427) was carried out. Results identified five collaboration profiles and three related to non-collaboration between sport clubs. This study makes three main contributions to the sport collaboration literature. First, it contributes to the non-profit sport collaboration literature by identifying profiles of collaborating and non-collaborating sport clubs. Second, our research provides new insights about non-collaborating sport organizations and introduces the notion of asymmetry. Finally, this study demonstrates the relevancy of adopting configurational thinking in sport management. Practically, our research offers implications for managers of sport clubs.

In itself, partitocracy can be simply defined as a political regime where power is – in an excessive degree – in the hands of political parties. In Belgium, partitocracy has perhaps reached its highest level of elaboration, with complex interactions between citizens, candidates and elected representatives, parties as well as parliaments and governments. The Winter of Democracy: Partitocracy in Belgium aligns a dozen of scientific contributions that tackle the mutltifaceted concept of partitocracy from multiple perspectives. The book also celebrates the academic career of Lieven De Winter, almost five decades of a rich research commitment that spanned both at Université catholique de Louvain and at the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, as well as across numerous institutions, projects and networks all around Europe. Lieven De Winter has significantly contributed to the study of all dimensions that constitute the core object of this book: Partitocracy in Belgium.

info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Although the policy performance field acknowledges the importance of adopting a long-term decision making perspective to attain more sustainable policy outcomes, it overlooks the way in which sustainable governance conditions and policy performance relate to each other. We address this gap by investigating why some countries succeed in terms of policy performance while others do not. Applying a fuzzy-set QCA to 41 Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development and European Union countries of the Sustainable Governance Indicators data, we find out that successful economic and social policy performance is mainly driven by executive accountability conditions combined with effective implementation, while the high-quality of media plays a key role in successful environmental policy performance. Considering the multiple paths that practitioners can follow toward sustainable development benefits, they can also learn how to shift from short-term to long-term thinking by identifying “what works and why,” formulating good practices and guidelines for better policy performance in the respective national contexts.

During electoral campaigns, the use of voting advice applications (VAAs) has become increasingly widespread. Consequently, scholars have examined both the patterns of usage and their effects on voting behaviour. However, existing studies lead to conflicting findings. In this article, we take a closer look at the effect of De Stemtest/Test électoral (a VAA developed by academics from the University of Louvain and the University of Antwerp, in partnership with Belgian media partners) on vote switching. More specifically, we divide this latter question into two sub-questions: (1) What is the impact of a (dis)confirming advice from the VAA on vote switching? A (2) Do VAA users follow the voting advice provided by the VAA? Our study shows that receiving a disconfirming advice from the VAA increases the probability of users to switch their vote choice. Nonetheless, switchers do not always follow the advice provided by the VAA and tend to switch towards other parties.

The thesis explains the response of the European Union (EU) to the international fragmented forest regime complex. The international forest regime is fragmented. The forest issue is addressed by a multitude of institutions, each one of them tackling forests from its own perspective. For example, the United Nations Convention on Climate Change addresses forests for their carbon absorption capacity, while the International Tropical Timber Organization focuses on the trade of tropical timber. No overall guiding principle nor treaty makes the forest regime a consistent whole. This context generates uncertainties but also opportunities for individual actors – such as the EU – to engage in external action. Within the EU, the forest issue is scattered between levels (national and EU) and sectors (environment, climate, trade, agriculture etc.). In turn, the EU can address international forest politics from a multitude of perspectives, generating even more uncertainties and opportunities. The thesis theorises and explains why the EU activates political loci to engage in international forest politics. The study relies on a set theoretic multimethod to explain nine cases (nine occurrences of EU response in the international forest regime). The cases are investigated in three steps. First, process tracing analysis leads to case specific findings. Second, the case specific findings are compared through Qualitative Comparative Analysis (QCA), do draw general conclusions. Third, the commutativity of the explaining factors are tested through sequence analysis. The multimethod analysis of the cases allows to draw conclusions on (1) EU forest policy integration, (2) the impact of fragmentation on EU’s response, and (3) the impact of individual actors’ response on regime fragmentation. The study also develops a comprehensive understanding of international forest politics., (POLS - Sciences politiques et sociales) -- UCL, 2021

The dissertation investigates the communications of national political parties about European affairs. It seeks to explain when and why parties emphasize Europe and how citizens react to these messages. Building on debates on the politicization of European integration, the relevance of functional and strategic factors is assessed to understand the extent of parties’ emphasis on European affairs. The research first relies on the analysis of an original dataset of messages published on Twitter by parties and their leaders in 10 EU countries from 2009 to 2019. Then, an online survey experiment has been conducted in France and Belgium to assess how citizens react to parties’ messages about Europe. The main results suggest that parties communicate about European affairs both when they are pushed by functional pressure and when they have strategic incentives. However, a comparison of the effect shows that they talk about Europe much more when they have an interest then when they should provide visibility to decision-making processes. Finally, the experiment results unexpectedly suggest that citizens do not react to parties’ cues by adopting more clear-cut opinions about the EU, further research is required to understand how citizens really perceive these messages., (POLS - Sciences politiques et sociales) -- UCL, 2021

Belgium, even more than the rest of Europe, was hit very severely by the COVID-19 epidemic. The exact reasons for Europe’s poor performance will be debated for years to come, but available evidence already allows strong conjectures to be drawn. A first plausible factor is that the SARS-CoV-2 virus had a higher lethality potential, which acerbates underlying issues: Europe’s population is old and congregates in densely populated cities, Europeans travel extensively and commute by public transport, and many European countries have a culture of close social interactions., info:eu-repo/semantics/published