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13 results on '"Rigopoulou E. I."'

1. Prevalence and significance of antimitochondrial antibodies in autoimmune hepatitis (AIH): Results from a large multicentre study of the International AIH Group

Author

Gatselis, N, Zachou, K, Loza, A, Cancado, E, Arinaga-Hino, T, Muratori, P, Efe, C, Floreani, A, Invernizzi, P, Takahashi, A, Takaki, A, Beretta-Piccoli, B, van Hoek, B, Lytvyak, E, Guedes, L, Purnak, T, Cazzagon, N, Lygoura, V, Arvaniti, P, Rigopoulou, E, Muratori, L, Dalekos, G, Gatselis N. K., Zachou K., Loza A. J. M., Cancado E. L. R., Arinaga-Hino T., Muratori P., Efe C., Floreani A., Invernizzi P., Takahashi A., Takaki A., Beretta-Piccoli B. T., van Hoek B., Lytvyak E., Guedes L. V., Purnak T., Cazzagon N., Lygoura V., Arvaniti P., Rigopoulou E. I., Muratori L., Dalekos G. N., Gatselis, N, Zachou, K, Loza, A, Cancado, E, Arinaga-Hino, T, Muratori, P, Efe, C, Floreani, A, Invernizzi, P, Takahashi, A, Takaki, A, Beretta-Piccoli, B, van Hoek, B, Lytvyak, E, Guedes, L, Purnak, T, Cazzagon, N, Lygoura, V, Arvaniti, P, Rigopoulou, E, Muratori, L, Dalekos, G, Gatselis N. K., Zachou K., Loza A. J. M., Cancado E. L. R., Arinaga-Hino T., Muratori P., Efe C., Floreani A., Invernizzi P., Takahashi A., Takaki A., Beretta-Piccoli B. T., van Hoek B., Lytvyak E., Guedes L. V., Purnak T., Cazzagon N., Lygoura V., Arvaniti P., Rigopoulou E. I., Muratori L., and Dalekos G. N.

Abstract

Background & Aims: Antimitochondrial antibodies (AMA) are specific markers for the diagnosis of primary biliary cholangitis (PBC) but can also be found occasionally in patients with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH). The present large multicentre cohort study assessed the prevalence and significance of AMA in AIH-patients. Methods: 123 AMA-positive AIH-patients were investigated and compared with 711 age-matched AMA-negative AIH-patients and 69 patients with AIH/PBC variant. Results: AMA prevalence in AIH-patients was 5.1% (range: 1.2%-11.8%). AMA-positivity was associated with female sex (p = 0.031) in AMA-positive AIH-patients but not with liver biochemistry, bile duct injury on liver biopsy, disease severity at baseline and response to treatment compared to AMA-negative AIH-patients. Comparing AMA-positive AIH-patients to those with AIH/PBC variant, there was no difference in disease severity. Regarding liver histology, AIH/PBC variant patients were characterized by the presence of at least one feature of bile duct damage (p<0.001). Response to immunosuppressive treatment was similar among groups. From AMA-positive AIH patients only those with evidence of non-specific bile duct injury had higher risk to progress to cirrhosis (HR=4.314, 95%CI: 2.348–7.928; p<0.001). During follow-up, AMA-positive AIH-patients had higher risk to develop histological bile duct injury (HR 4.654, 95%CI 1.829–11.840; p = 0.001). Conclusions: AMA presence is relatively common among AIH-patients, but their clinical significance seems important only when they co-exist with non-specific bile duct injury at the histological level. Therefore, a careful evaluation of liver biopsy seems of utmost importance in these patients.

Published
2023

6. Infection and Autoimmune Liver Diseases

Author

Smyk, D, Rigopoulou, E, Invernizzi, P, Bogdanos, D, Smyk D. S., Rigopoulou E. I., Invernizzi P., Bogdanos D. P., Smyk, D, Rigopoulou, E, Invernizzi, P, Bogdanos, D, Smyk D. S., Rigopoulou E. I., Invernizzi P., and Bogdanos D. P.

Abstract

Autoimmune liver diseases (AiLDs) are heterogeneous disorders affecting either the hepatocytes (autoimmune hepatitis, AIH) or the biliary epithelial cells (primary biliary cirrhosis, PBC, and primary sclerosing cholangitis, PSC). Genetic, immunological and environmental factors appear to be involved in the pathogenesis of these conditions. Studies have linked several infectious agents to the development of these diseases and, in particular, to the development of PBC and AIH. The connection between infections and PSC remains largely obscure, however. The most common hypothesis linking infections with AiLDs is based on molecular mimicry and immunological cross reactivity between infectious agents and self-antigens. This chapter discusses those infectious agents investigated in relation to PBC and AIH. We do not discuss PSC because the data are scarce. Notably, the paucity of data is largely due to a lack of studies as opposed to negative findings.

Published
2015

8. Multiple Viral/Self Immunological Cross-Reactivity in Liver Kidney Microsomal Antibody Positive Hepatitis C Virus-Infected Patients is Associated with the Possession of HLA B51

Author

Bogdanos, D.-P., primary, Lenzi, M., additional, Okamoto, M., additional, Rigopoulou, E. I., additional, Muratori, P., additional, Ma, Y., additional, Muratori, L., additional, Tsantoulas, D., additional, Mieli-Vergani, G., additional, Bianchi, F. B., additional, and Vergani, D., additional

Published
2004
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11. Smoking as a risk factor for autoimmune liver disease: What we can learn from primary biliary cirrhosis

Author

Smyk, D. S., Rigopoulou, E. I., Muratori, L., Burroughs, A. K., Dimitrios Bogdanos, D. S. Smyk, E. I. Rigopoulou, L. Muratori, A. K. Burrough, and D. P. Bogdanos

Subjects
Liver Cirrhosis, Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary, Smoking, Biliary, epidemiology/immunology/physiopathology, Liver Cirrhosi, digestive system diseases, epidemiology/immunology/physiopathology, Risk Factors, Smoking, Hepatitis, Autoimmune, Disease Progression, Hepatiti, Risk Factors, Disease Progression, adve/rse effects, Humans, epidemiology/immunology/physiopathology, Humans, Liver Cirrhosi, Autoimmune
Abstract

Primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC) is a cholestatic liver disease characterised by the immune-mediated destruction of biliary epithelial cells in small intrahepatic bile ducts. The disease is characterised by circulating anti-mitochondrial antibodies (AMA) as well as disease specific anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA), cholestatic liver biochemistry, and characteristic histology. The disease primarily affects middle-aged females, and its incidence is apparently increasing worldwide. Epidemiological studies have indicated several risk factors for the development of PBC, with family history of PBC, recurrent urinary tract infection, and smoking being the most widely cited. Smoking has been implicated as a risk factor in several autoimmune diseases, including the liver, by complex mechanisms involving the endocrine and immunological systems to name a few. Studies of smoking in liver disease have also shown that smoking may progress the disease towards fibrosis and subsequent cirrhosis. This review will examine the literature surrounding smoking as a risk factor for PBC, as well as a potential factor in the progression of fibrosis in PBC patients.

12. Peculiar antibody reactivity to human connexin 37 and its microbial mimics in patients with Crohn's disease.

Author

Koutsoumpas A, Polymeros D, Tsiamoulos Z, Smyk D, Karamanolis G, Triantafyllou K, Rigopoulou EI, Forbes A, Vergani D, Bogdanos DP, and Ladas SD

Subjects
Adult, Antigen-Antibody Reactions, Bacterial Proteins chemistry, Bacterial Proteins immunology, Connexins blood, Connexins chemistry, Crohn Disease blood, Crohn Disease microbiology, Enterovirus B, Human chemistry, Enterovirus C, Human chemistry, Female, Humans, Lactococcus lactis chemistry, Male, Middle Aged, Sequence Homology, Amino Acid, Viral Proteins chemistry, Viral Proteins immunology, Gap Junction alpha-4 Protein, Connexins immunology, Crohn Disease immunology, Molecular Mimicry immunology
Abstract

Background/aims: We found that pooled Crohn's disease (CD) sera strongly react with a human gap-junction connexin 37 (Cx37) peptide and tested for anti-Cx37 antibody reactivity in sera from CD patients and controls. We also investigated whether peptide-recognition is due to Cx37/microbial molecular mimicry., Methods: The PSI-BLAST program was used for Cx37(121-135)/microbial alignment. Reactivity to biotinylated human Cx37(121-135) and its microbial mimics was determined by ELISA using sera from 44 CD, 30 ulcerative colitis and 28 healthy individuals., Results: Anti-Cx37(121-135) reactivity (1/200 dilution) was present in 30/44 (68%) CD cases and persisted at 1/1000 dilution. Database search shows that Cx37(121-135) contains the -ALTAV- motif which is cross-recognized by diabetes-specific phogrin and enteroviral immunity. Testing of 9 Cx37(121-135)-microbial mimics revealed 57-68% reactivity against human enterovirus C, Lactococcus lactis, coxsackie virus A24 and B4. Anti-Cx37(121-135) was inhibited by itself or the microbial mimics. No reactivity was found against the poliovirus, rubella, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis mimics, or the beta cell phogrin autoantigen. Microbial/Cx37 reactivity was not able to differentiate CD patients from UC or healthy controls, in terms of overall prevalence and antibody titres, but microbial mimics were unable to inhibit reactivity to human Cx37 in the majority of the controls., Conclusions: Sera from CD patients react with connexin 37 and cross-react with specific Cx37-mimicking enteroviral peptides. Microbial/self reactivity can be seen in UC and healthy controls. The lack of responses to other Cx37(121-135) microbial mimics and the inability of the reactive microbes to inhibit reactivity to self is intriguing and warrants further investigation., (Copyright © 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)

Published
2011
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13. Association between the primary biliary cirrhosis specific anti-sp100 antibodies and recurrent urinary tract infection.

Author

Bogdanos DP, Baum H, Butler P, Rigopoulou EI, Davies ET, Ma Y, Burroughs AK, and Vergani D

Subjects
Adult, Aged, Aged, 80 and over, Autoantibodies blood, Case-Control Studies, Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Mitochondria, Liver immunology, Recurrence, Antibodies, Antinuclear blood, Antigens, Nuclear immunology, Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary immunology, Urinary Tract Infections immunology
Abstract

Background and Aims: Recurrent urinary tract infections (rUTI) have been suggested to be involved in the induction of anti-mitochondrial antibodies (AMA), the serological hallmark of primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), in view of the presence of AMA in rUTI women without liver disease and conversely of a high prevalence of rUTI in women with PBC. This prompted us to investigate whether PBC-specific anti-nuclear antibodies (ANA) to sp100, gp210 and lamin B receptor (LBR) antigens may also be related to rUTI., Methods and Subjects: PBC-specific ANA reactivities were investigated in 20 women with rUTI but without liver disease, some of whom were AMA-seropositive; 40 women with PBC, with or without rUTI; and 104 pathological and 23 healthy controls., Results: Among the women with rUTI but without liver disease, 8 (80%) of 10 AMA-positive women reacted with sp100 compared with none of the 10 AMA-negative women. Among the PBC patients, 14 (74%) of 19 with rUTI and 1 (4.8%) of the 21 without rUTI reacted with sp100. None of the rUTI women without liver disease reacted with gp210 or LBR. None of 127 pathological and healthy controls had PBC-specific ANA reactivity., Conclusions: Anti-sp100 reactivity strongly correlates with AMA seropositivity in rUTI women, with or without evidence of primary biliary cirrhosis. These findings provide additional support to the notion that E. coli infection is involved in the induction of PBC-specific autoimmunity. Additional factors must be involved in the progression to overt autoimmune disease.

Published
2003
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