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24 results on '"Rieger, Alisa"'

2. Responsible Opinion Formation on Debated Topics in Web Search

Author

Rieger, Alisa, Draws, Tim, Mattis, Nicolas, Maxwell, David, Elsweiler, David, Gadiraju, Ujwal, McKay, Dana, Bozzon, Alessandro, Pera, Maria Soledad, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Goharian, Nazli, editor, Tonellotto, Nicola, editor, He, Yulan, editor, Lipani, Aldo, editor, McDonald, Graham, editor, Macdonald, Craig, editor, and Ounis, Iadh, editor

Published
2024
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3. Fairness in Agreement With European Values: An Interdisciplinary Perspective on AI Regulation

Author

Colmenarejo, Alejandra Bringas, Nannini, Luca, Rieger, Alisa, Scott, Kristen M., Zhao, Xuan, Patro, Gourab K., Kasneci, Gjergji, and Kinder-Kurlanda, Katharina

Subjects
Computer Science - Computers and Society
Abstract

With increasing digitalization, Artificial Intelligence (AI) is becoming ubiquitous. AI-based systems to identify, optimize, automate, and scale solutions to complex economic and societal problems are being proposed and implemented. This has motivated regulation efforts, including the Proposal of an EU AI Act. This interdisciplinary position paper considers various concerns surrounding fairness and discrimination in AI, and discusses how AI regulations address them, focusing on (but not limited to) the Proposal. We first look at AI and fairness through the lenses of law, (AI) industry, sociotechnology, and (moral) philosophy, and present various perspectives. Then, we map these perspectives along three axes of interests: (i) Standardization vs. Localization, (ii) Utilitarianism vs. Egalitarianism, and (iii) Consequential vs. Deontological ethics which leads us to identify a pattern of common arguments and tensions between these axes. Positioning the discussion within the axes of interest and with a focus on reconciling the key tensions, we identify and propose the roles AI Regulation should take to make the endeavor of the AI Act a success in terms of AI fairness concerns., Comment: In proceedings of AAAI/ACM Conference AIES 2022 (https://doi.org/10.1145/3514094.3534158)

Published
2022
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4. Explaining Search Result Stances to Opinionated People

Author

Wu, Zhangyi, Draws, Tim, Cau, Federico, Barile, Francesco, Rieger, Alisa, Tintarev, Nava, Filipe, Joaquim, Editorial Board Member, Ghosh, Ashish, Editorial Board Member, Prates, Raquel Oliveira, Editorial Board Member, Zhou, Lizhu, Editorial Board Member, and Longo, Luca, editor

Published
2023
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5. Viewpoint Diversity in Search Results

Author

Draws, Tim, Roy, Nirmal, Inel, Oana, Rieger, Alisa, Hada, Rishav, Yalcin, Mehmet Orcun, Timmermans, Benjamin, Tintarev, Nava, Goos, Gerhard, Founding Editor, Hartmanis, Juris, Founding Editor, Bertino, Elisa, Editorial Board Member, Gao, Wen, Editorial Board Member, Steffen, Bernhard, Editorial Board Member, Yung, Moti, Editorial Board Member, Kamps, Jaap, editor, Goeuriot, Lorraine, editor, Crestani, Fabio, editor, Maistro, Maria, editor, Joho, Hideo, editor, Davis, Brian, editor, Gurrin, Cathal, editor, Kruschwitz, Udo, editor, and Caputo, Annalina, editor

Published
2023
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6. Nudges to Mitigate Confirmation Bias during Web Search on Debated Topics: Support vs. Manipulation.

Author

Rieger, Alisa, Draws, Tim, Theune, Mariët, and Tintarev, Nava

Subjects
CONFIRMATION bias, INTERNET searching, WEB search engines, WARNING labels, INFORMATION-seeking strategies
Abstract

When people use web search engines to find information on debated topics, the search results they encounter can influence opinion formation and practical decision-making with potentially far-reaching consequences for the individual and society. However, current web search engines lack support for information-seeking strategies that enable responsible opinion formation, e.g., by mitigating confirmation bias and motivating engagement with diverse viewpoints. We conducted two preregistered user studies to test the benefits and risks of an intervention aimed at confirmation bias mitigation. In the first study, we tested the effect of warning labels, warning of the risk of confirmation bias, combined with obfuscations, hiding selected search results per default. We observed that obfuscations with warning labels effectively reduce engagement with search results. These initial findings did not allow conclusions about the extent to which the reduced engagement was caused by the warning label (reflective nudging element) versus the obfuscation (automatic nudging element). If obfuscation was the primary cause, this would raise concerns about harming user autonomy. We thus conducted a follow-up study to test the effect of warning labels and obfuscations separately. According to our findings, obfuscations run the risk of manipulating behavior instead of guiding it, while warning labels without obfuscations (purely reflective) do not exhaust processing capacities but encourage users to actively choose to decrease engagement with attitude-confirming search results. Therefore, given the risks and unclear benefits of obfuscations and potentially other automatic nudging elements to guide engagement with information, we call for prioritizing interventions that aim to enhance human cognitive skills and agency instead. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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8. Searching for the Whole Truth: Harnessing the Power of Intellectual Humility to Boost Better Search on Debated Topics

Author

Rieger, Alisa, Bredius, Frank, Tintarev, Nava, Pera, Maria Soledad, Rieger, Alisa, Bredius, Frank, Tintarev, Nava, and Pera, Maria Soledad

Abstract

We often use search engines when seeking information for opinion-forming and decision-making on debated topics. However, searching for resources on debated topics to gain well-rounded knowledge is cognitively demanding, leaving us vulnerable to cognitive biases, such as confirmation bias. This can impede well-informed decision-making, and on a societal level, snowball to compel extremism and polarization. Most existing approaches to support better search apply nudges that directly modify user behavior. Such interventions bear the risk of harming user autonomy. Here, we discuss the shift we envision towards autonomy-preserving interventions that boost users' metacognitive skills, specifically their intellectual humility (IH)-the ability to recognize the fallibility of one's beliefs and the limits of one's knowledge. While simple interventions to boost IH have shown promise, the effect on users' search behavior has yet to be investigated. We present critical research questions, challenges, and an initial research plan to advance knowledge in this area.

Published
2023

10. How is attitude change in web search influenced by users’ informedness?

Author

Kulane, Suleiman, Gadiraju, Ujwal, and Rieger, Alisa

Subjects
Computer Sciences, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, User study Crowdworkers, Other Computer Sciences
Abstract

This user study investigates the effects of (1) web search users’ level of informedness and (2) viewpoint-bias ranking on the search engine result page (SERP) on users’ (a) attitude change. Existing research has already shown that attitude change can happen during a web search session (White, 2013). This research aims to increase our understanding of attitude change in web searches by investigating the effects of informedness. During the experiment, the participants will interact with a search results page (SERP) that has a viewpoint-biased ranking. From existing research, we know that opposing information can cause cognitive dissonance which can lead to negative emotional responses (Harmon-Jones, 2000). Therefore, we will also measure the emotional changes of the participants as part of the exploratory variables. The aim to add to this growing research from the perspective of the user and to understand if and how informedness influences attitude change. References 1. Ryen White. Beliefs and biases in web search. In Proceedings of the 36th international ACM SIGIR conference on Research and development in information retrieval, pages 3–12, 2013. 2. Eddie Harmon-Jones. A cognitive dissonance theory perspective on the role of emotion in the maintenance and change of beliefs and attitudes. 2000.

Published
2023
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12. Summaries with personalized persuasive suggestions to mitigate confirmation bias during interaction online debates

Author

Rieger, Alisa

Subjects
Computer Sciences, Graphics and Human Computer Interfaces, Physical Sciences and Mathematics, Social and Behavioral Sciences, Science and Technology Studies
Abstract

This is the pre-registration for a user study on the effects of summaries with personalized persuasive suggestions to mitigate confirmation bias during interactions with online debates.

Published
2022
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14. Fairness in Agreement With European Values

Author

Bringas Colmenarejo, Alejandra, primary, Nannini, Luca, additional, Rieger, Alisa, additional, Scott, Kristen M., additional, Zhao, Xuan, additional, Patro, Gourab K, additional, Kasneci, Gjergji, additional, and Kinder-Kurlanda, Katharina, additional

Published
2022
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21. Toward Natural Language Mitigation Strategies for Cognitive Biases in Recommender Systems

Author

Rieger, Alisa, Theune, Mariet, Tintarev, Nava, Alonso, Jose, Catala, Alejandro, Digital Society Institute, and Human Media Interaction

Abstract

Cognitive biases in the context of consuming online information filtered by recommender systems may lead to sub-optimal choices. One approach to mitigate such biases is through interface and interaction design. This survey reviews studies focused on cognitive bias mitigation of recommender system users during two processes: 1) item selection and 2) preference elicitation. It highlights a number of promising directions for Natural Language Generation research for mitigating cognitive bias including: the need for personalization, as well as for transparency and control.

Published
2020

23. RoPE Scale: a Measure of How Empathic a Robot is Perceived.

Author

Charrier, Laurianne, Rieger, Alisa, Galdeano, Alexandre, Cordiery, Amélie, Lefort, Mathieu, and Hassas, Salima

Subjects
SOCIAL robots, HUMAN-robot interaction, EMPATHY, ROPE, ROBOTS
Abstract

To be accepted in our everyday life and to be valuable interaction partners, robots should be able to display emotional and empathic behaviors. That is why there has been a great focus on developing empathy in robots in recent years. However, there is no consensus on how to measure how much a robot is considered to be empathic. In this context, we decided to construct a questionnaire which specifically measures the perception of a robot's empathy in human-robot interaction (HRI). Therefore we conducted pretests to generate items. These were validated by experts and will be further validated in an experimental setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2019

24. Toward Natural Language Mitigation Strategies for Cognitive Biases in Recommender Systems

Author

Rieger, Alisa, Theune, Mariët, and Tintarev, Nava

Abstract

Cognitive biases in the context of consuming online information filtered by recommender systems may lead to sub-optimal choices. One approach to mitigate such biases is through interface and interaction design. This survey reviews studies focused on cognitive bias mitigation of recommender system users during two processes: 1) item selection and 2) preference elicitation. It highlights a number of promising directions for Natural Language Generation research for mitigating cognitive bias including: the need for personalization, as well as for transparency and control.

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