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Agricultural price fluctuations impact the economy and society, highlighting the importance of price stability for sustainable development, poverty alleviation, food security, and economic stability. This issue is particularly pronounced in the cocoa industry, where volatile prices and inefficient supply chains often harm the livelihoods of cocoa farmers. This study aimed to develop a mitigation plan to address cocoa price volatility at the farm level. The study was conducted in Tubbi Taramanu Sub-district, Polewali Mandar District, Indonesia. Through the innovative use of Interpretative Structural Modeling (ISM), the key elements are delineated in their hierarchical relationships and categorized into four quadrants: autonomous, independent, dependent, and linkage, to formulate a strategy for stabilizing cocoa prices at the farm level. This research’s findings underscored the importance of reducing farmers’ dependency on middlemen as the primary strategy for mitigating fluctuations in cocoa bean prices at the farm level. This approach is particularly vital due to the excessive reliance on middlemen, a key driver of price instability at the farm level. Furthermore, it is evident that promoting and nurturing cooperation between farmers and cocoa industry stakeholders can prove highly effective and significant when fortified by the local government’s support through the implementation of appropriate public policies.

Eucalyptus (Melaleuca leucadendra) is a fast-growing species with a good adaptation level and is widely grown, especially on marginal land. Eucalyptus seedling production is done through shoot cuttings. This study aims to determine the effect of nursery media and plant growth regulators (PGR) on the success of eucalyptus cuttings. The research was conducted for seven weeks using various nursery media and PGR. The research design used a completely randomized design and one-way ANOVA followed by Duncan’s test. Results showed that the percentage of live shoot cuttings was 77%. Shoot cuttings that sprouted showed a total rate of 65%, with a total percentage of roots reaching 34%. The ability of shoot cuttings to sprout and roots simultaneously showed a total percentage of 32%. The treatment of nursery media only really affects the percentage of life and sprouting, while the ability to take root and sprout does not have real effects. Applying PGR significantly influences the rate of life, the ability to sprout and roots, and the ability to root sprouts on the cuttings. The interaction of those factors influences the percentage of life and sprout cuttings.

Over the past five years (2017-2021) the economic structure of Bone Regency has been dominated by 4 (four) business field category, namely agriculture, forestry, fisheries and the processing industry with a percentage of 48% of businesses (agriculture, forestry and fisheries) and 6.88% of the processing industry. To continue to spur the growth of the economic sector, especially after the pandemic, agroindustry development is the main choice. The purpose of this research is to build an agroindustry profile based on strong, medium, and weak criteria and develop an agroindustry development strategy according to the profile that has been built so that it can be useful as a source of information as well as a reference for relevant stakeholders. The categorisation of strong, medium and weak agroindustry is based on the analysis of industrial data obtained from both government and stakeholders complemented by literature study while for strategy formulation using SWOT analysis. The categorisation results place the agroindustry of forest products and livestock products into the category of weak agroindustry, agroindustry of horticultural and secondary crops and plantation products into the category of moderate agroindustry and for the category of strong agroindustry are Cereal Products and Fishery Products.

This research is a descriptive study that examines the development of Postgraduate Study Programs as well as to revitalize and to determine perceptions of study program work opportunities. Islamic Communication and Broadcasting Postgraduate at UIN Ar-Raniry, the alumni to become practitioners of political communication in various fields of the world of work, both government and private lines, are the study program of Islamic Communication and Broadcasting (KPI). To make it even simpler, the researcher made only two problem formulations; How to revitalize job opportunities for study program postgraduate students. Postgraduate Islamic Communication and Broadcasting Becomes a Political Communication Practitioner for the 2016/2018 class. And how is the process and influence of perceptions of interest in job opportunities into political communication on interest in choosing postgraduate Islamic communication and broadcasting study programs at UIN Ar-Raniry Banda Aceh. In this study, researchers used a data collection technique using a tracer study because this technique was not only useful for the internal Postgraduate Study Program of Islamic Communication and Broadcasting, Ar-Raniry State Islamic University, but also became a bridge between the Postgraduate and stakeholders. Tracer studies. Tracer Study to be able to measure and track the performance and suggestions of graduates and graduate users so that clear indicators can be obtained about the number, future job profiles, and competencies required by the world of work

The beef rendang production process at the Payakumbuh Rendang small and medium industry can cause environmental impacts due to the use of energy that produces various emissions, such as using boilers. This research aims to analyze the life cycle of the rendang production process in the form of inventory data, including raw materials, energy, and emissions produced in the production process, and analyze the environmental impact of 250 g packaged rendang, which includes the transportation, storage, washing, cutting, milling, grating, pressing processes, cooking and packaging using the life cycle assessment (LCA) method, and providing recommendations for improvements at stages of the production process. This research uses a gate-to-gate approach on SimaPro 9.4 software with the CML-IA Baseline method and refers to the 2016 ISO 14040 standard. The results of this research show the impact of 250 g of packaged rendang for the global warming potential (GWP100a) category of 1.41E-13 kg CO2 eq, ozone layer depletion 1.45E-16 kg CFC-11 eq, human toxicity 1.06E-14 kg 1.4-DB eq, photochemical oxidation 1.12E-14 kg C2H4 eq, acidification 1.07E-13 kg·SO2·eq, and eutrophication 4.98E-14 kg PO4 eq. Using electrical energy during storage, packaging, and cooking impacts the environment. Recommendations for improvements given to reduce environmental impacts are that the use of Beef freezers for storing spices can reduce electricity usage in the storage process by 17.9%, optimizing the retort usage time from 1.5 hours to 10 minutes reduces electricity usage in the packaging process by 24%, and the addition of hybrid solar panels for boilers can reduce electricity usage from Coal-Fired Power Plant (PLTU) by 63%. The improvement scenario shows a reduction in electricity use during the production process by 79.1% and a 9-68.4% reduction for all impact categories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study is about Jerusalem in the Bible and Al Quran based on eschatological paradigm (theology/philosophy), which uses two approaches: sociology (geographical and anthropological history analysis) and interpretation (hermeneutical analysis and bil ma'tsur interpretation). Jerusalem is the name of the Holy City of the Abrahamic Religions. This region has been controlled by a number of empires with different geographical boundaries and names over a long period of time. For the Jews, Jerusalem is claimed as the Promised Land. Through a search of several versions of the Bible, a number of commentaries and the main sources (Muslim priests and intellectuals), this study shows eschatologically that Jerusalem in the Bible is not a particular regional name (to a certain extent) but the contextualization of God's Kingdom (saved, renewed earth, harmonious and peaceful). The contextualization of God's Kingdom has something in common with the concept of the promised earth (khilafah) in the Qur'an, as the contextualization of dar as salam, the nickname for countries (dayyar) conquered and claimed to be harmonious and peaceful. In other scenarios of the future, the Kingdom of God and the Caliphate (the promised earth) probably include locations around the Al-Aqsa Mosque that we recognize today.

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