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2. Measurement of double-$\beta$ decay of $^{150}$Nd to the 0$^+_1$ excited state of $^{150}$Sm in NEMO-3

Author

Collaboration, NEMO-3, Aguerre, X., Arnold, R., Augier, C., Barabash, A. S., Basharina-Freshville, A., Blondel, S., Blot, S., Bongrand, M., Breier, R., Brudanin, V., Busto, J., Bystryakov, A., Caffrey, A. J., Cerna, C., Cesar, J. P., Ceschia, M., Chauveau, E., Chopra, A., Dawson, L., Duchesneau, D., Durand, D., Evans, J. J., Flack, R., Franchini, P., Garrido, X., Girard-Carillo, C., Guillon, B., Guzowski, P., Hoballah, M., Hodák, R., Hubert, P., Hussain, M. H., Jullian, S., Klimentko, A., Kochetov, O., Konovalov, S. I., Koňařík, F., Křižák, T., Lalanne, D., Lang, K., Lemière, Y., Li, P., Loaiza, P., Lutter, G., Macko, M., Mamedov, F., Marquet, C., Mauger, F., Minotti, A., Morgan, B., Nemchenok, I., Nomachi, M., Nowacki, F., Ohsumi, H., Oliviéro, G., Palušová, V., Patrick, C., Perrot, F., Petro, M., Pin, A., Piquemal, F., Povinec, P., Pratt, S., Přidal, P., Quinn, W. S., Ramachers, Y. A., Remoto, A., Reyss, J. L., Riddle, C. L., Rukhadze, E., Saakyan, R., Salamatin, A., Salazar, R., Sarazin, X., Sedgbeer, J., Shitov, Yu., Simard, L., Šimkovic, F., Smetana, A., Smolnikov, A., Söldner-Rembold, S., Štekl, I., Suhonen, J., Szklarz, G., Tedjditi, H., Thomas, J., Timkin, V., Tretyak, V. I., Umatov, V. I., Vanushin, I., Vereshchaka, Y., Vorobel, V., Waters, D., and Xie, F.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The NEMO-3 results for the double-$\beta$ decay of $^{150}$Nd to the 0$^+_1$ and 2$^+_1$ excited states of $^{150}$Sm are reported. The data recorded during 5.25 yr with 36.6 g of the isotope $^{150}$Nd are used in the analysis. For the first time, the signal of the $2\nu\beta\beta$ transition to the 0$^+_1$ excited state is detected with a statistical significance exceeding 5$\sigma$. The half-life is measured to be $T_{1/2}^{2\nu\beta\beta}(0^+_1) = \left[ 1.11 ^{+0.19}_{-0.14} \,\left(\mbox{stat}\right) ^{+0.17}_{-0.15}\, \left(\mbox{syst}\right) \right] \times10^{20}\,\mbox{yr}$. The limits are set on the $2\nu\beta\beta$ decay to the 2$^+_1$ level and on the $0\nu\beta\beta$ decay to the 0$^+_1$ and 2$^+_1$ levels of $^{150}$Sm., Comment: Minor corrections

Published
2022

3. Search for Periodic Modulations of the Rate of Double-Beta Decay of $^{100}$Mo in the NEMO-3 Detector

Author

Collaboration, NEMO-3, Arnold, R., Augier, C., Barabash, A. S., Basharina-Freshville, A., Blondel, S., Blot, S., Bongrand, M., Boursette, D., Breier, R., Brudanin, V., Busto, J., Caffrey, A. J., Calvez, S., Cerna, C., Cesar, J. P., Ceschia, M., Chapon, A., Chauveau, E., Chopra, A., Dawson, L., Duchesneau, D., Durand, D., Eurin, G., Evans, J. J., Fajt, L., Filosofov, D., Flack, R., Franchini, P., Garrido, X., Girard-Carillo, C., Gómez, H., Guillon, B., Guzowski, P., Hodák, R., Huber, A., Hubert, P., Hugon, C., Hussain, M. H., Jullian, S., Klimenko, A., Kochetov, O., Konovalov, S. I., Kovalenko, V., Lalanne, D., Lang, K., Lemière, Y., Noblet, T. Le, Liptak, Z., Liu, X. R., Loaiza, P., Lutter, G., Macko, M., Macolino, C., Mamedov, F., Marquet, C., Mauger, F., Minotti, A., Morgan, B., Mott, J., Nemchenok, I., Nomachi, M., Nova, F., Nowacki, F., Ohsumi, H., Oliviéro, G., Pahlka, R. B., Palusova, V., Patrick, C., Perrot, F., Pin, A., Piquemal, F., Povinec, P., Přidal, P., Quinn, W. S., Ramachers, Y. A., Remoto, A., Reyss, J. L., Riddle, C. L., Rukhadze, E., Saakyan, R., Salamatin, A., Salazar, R., Sarazin, X., Sedgbeer, J., Shitov, Yu., Simard, L., Šimkovic, F., Smetana, A., Smolnikov, A., Söldner-Rembold, S., Soulé, B., Štekl, I., Suhonen, J., Sutton, C. S., Szklarz, G., Tedjditi, H., Thomas, J., Timkin, V., Torre, S., Tretyak, Vl. I., Tretyak, V. I., Umatov, V. I., Vanushin, I., Vilela, C., Vorobel, V., Waters, D., and Xie, F.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

Double-beta decays of $^{100}$Mo from the 6.0195-year exposure of a 6.914 kg high-purity sample were recorded by the NEMO-3 experiment that searched for neutrinoless double-beta decays. These ultra-rare transitions to $^{100}$Ru have a half-life of approximately $7\times10^{18}$ years, and have been used to conduct the first ever search for periodic variations of this decay mode. The Lomb-Scargle periodogram technique, and its error-weighted extension, were employed to look for periodic modulations of the half-life. Monte Carlo modeling was used to study the modulation sensitivity of the data over a broad range of amplitudes and frequencies. Data show no evidence of modulations with amplitude greater than 2.5% in the frequency range of $0.33225\,{\rm y^{-1}}$ to $365.25\,{\rm y^{-1}}$.

Published
2020

4. Search for the double-beta decay of 82Se to the excited states of 82Kr with NEMO-3

Author

Arnold, The NEMO-3 collaboration R., Augier, C., Barabash, A. S., Basharina-Freshville, A., Blondel, S., Blot, S., Bongrand, M., Boursette, D., Breier, R., Brudanin, V., Busto, J., Caffrey, A. J., Calvez, S., Cascella, M., Cerna, C., Cesar, J. P., Chapon, A., Chauveau, E., Chopra, A., Dawson, L., Duchesneau, D., Durand, D., Egorov, V., Eurin, G., Evans, J. J., Fajt, L., Filosofov, D., Flack, R., Garrido, X., Girard-Carillo, C., Gómez, H., Guillon, B., Guzowski, P., Hodak, R., Huber, A., Hubert, P., Hugon, C., Jullian, S., Klimenko, A., Kochetov, O., Konovalov, S. I., Kovalenko, V., Lalanne, D., Lang, K., Lemière, Y., Noblet, T. Le, Liptak, Z., Liu, X. R., Loaiza, P., Lutter, G., Macko, M., Macolino, C., Mamedov, F., Marquet, C., Mauger, F., Minotti, A., Morgan, B., Mott, J., Nemchenok, I., Nomachi, M., Nova, F., Nowacki, F., Ohsumi, H., Oliviéro, G., Pahlka, R. B., Palusova, V., Patrick, C., Perrot, F., Pin, A., Piquemal, F., Povinec, P., Přidal, P., Ramachers, Y. A., Remoto, A., Reyss, J. L., Richards, B., Riddle, C. L., Rukhadze, E., Saakyan, R., Salazar, R., Sarazin, X., Sedgbeer, J., Shitov, Yu., Simard, L., Simkovic, F., Smetana, A., Smolek, K., Smolnikov, A., Söldner-Rembold, S., Soulé, B., Štekl, I., Suhonen, J., Sutton, C. S., Szklarz, G., Tedjditi, H., Thomas, J., Timkin, V., Torre, S., Tretyak, Vl. I., Tretyak, V. I., Umatov, V. I., Vanushin, I., Vilela, C., Vorobela, V., Waters, D., Xie, F., and Žukauskas, A.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The double-beta decay of 82Se to the 0+1 excited state of 82Kr has been studied with the NEMO-3 detector using 0.93 kg of enriched 82Se measured for 4.75 y, corresponding to an exposure of 4.42 kg y. A dedicated analysis to reconstruct the gamma-rays has been performed to search for events in the 2e2g channel. No evidence of a 2nbb decay to the 0+1 state has been observed and a limit of T2n 1/2(82Se; 0+gs -> 0+1) > 1.3 1021 y at 90% CL has been set. Concerning the 0nbb decay to the 0+1 state, a limit for this decay has been obtained with T0n 1/2(82Se; 0+g s -> 0+1) > 2.3 1022 y at 90% CL, independently from the 2nbb decay process. These results are obtained for the first time with a tracko-calo detector, reconstructing every particle in the final state.

Published
2020
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5. Measurement of the double-β1501+150 decay of β1501+150Nd to the 0β1501+150 excited state of β1501+150Sm in NEMO-3

Author

Aguerre, X., Arnold, R., Augier, C., Barabash, A. S., Basharina-Freshville, A., Blondel, S., Blot, S., Bongrand, M., Breier, R., Brudanin, V., Busto, J., Bystryakov, A., Caffrey, A. J., Cerna, C., Cesar, J. P., Ceschia, M., Chauveau, E., Chopra, A., Dawson, L., Duchesneau, D., Durand, D., Evans, J. J., Flack, R., Franchini, P., Garrido, X., Girard-Carillo, C., Guillon, B., Guzowski, P., Hoballah, M., Hodák, R., Hubert, P., Hussain, M. H., Jullian, S., Klimenko, A., Kochetov, O., Konovalov, S. I., Koňařík, F., Křižák, T., Lalanne, D., Lang, K., Lemière, Y., Li, P., Loaiza, P., Lutter, G., Macko, M., Mamedov, F., Marquet, C., Mauger, F., Minotti, A., Morgan, B., Nemchenok, I., Nomachi, M., Nowacki, F., Ohsumi, H., Oliviéro, G., Palušová, V., Patrick, C., Perrot, F., Petro, M., Pin, A., Piquemal, F., Povinec, P., Pratt, S., Přidal, P., Quinn, W. S., Ramachers, Y. A., Remoto, A., Reyss, J. L., Riddle, C. L., Rukhadze, E., Saakyan, R., Salamatin, A., Salazar, R., Sarazin, X., Sedgbeer, J., Shitov, Yu., Simard, L., Šimkovic, F., Smetana, A., Smolnikov, A., Söldner-Rembold, S., Štekl, I., Suhonen, J., Szklarz, G., Tedjditi, H., Thomas, J., Timkin, V., Tretyak, V. I., Tretyak, V. I., Umatov, V. I., Vanushin, I., Vereshchaka, Y., Vorobel, V., Waters, D., and Xie, F.

Published
2023
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6. Detailed studies of $^{100}$Mo two-neutrino double beta decay in NEMO-3

Author

Collaboration, NEMO-3, Arnold, R., Augier, C., Barabash, A. S., Basharina-Freshville, A., Blondel, S., Blot, S., Bongrand, M., Boursette, D., Brudanin, V., Busto, J., Caffrey, A. J., Calvez, S., Cascella, M., Cerna, C., Cesar, J. P., Chapon, A., Chauveau, E., Chopra, A., Dawson, L., Duchesneau, D., Durand, D., Dvornický, R., Egorov, V., Eurin, G., Evans, J. J., Fajt, L., Filosofov, D., Flack, R., Garrido, X., Girard-Carillo, C., Gómez, H., Guillon, B., Guzowski, P., Hodák, R., Huber, A., Hubert, P., Hugon, C., Jullian, S., Kochetov, O., Konovalov, S. I., Kovalenko, V., Lalanne, D., Lang, K., Lemière, Y., Noblet, T. Le, Liptak, Z., Liu, X. R., Loaiza, P., Lutter, G., Macko, M., Macolino, C., Mamedov, F., Marquet, C., Mauger, F., Minotti, A., Morgan, B., Mott, J., Nemchenok, I., Nomachi, M., Nova, F., Nowacki, F., Ohsumi, H., Oliviéro, G., Pahlka, R. B., Patrick, C., Perrot, F., Pin, A., Piquemal, F., Povinec, P., Přidal, P., Ramachers, Y. A., Remoto, A., Reyss, J. L., Riddle, C. L., Rukhadze, E., Saakyan, R., Salamatin, A., Salazar, R., Sarazin, X., Sedgbeer, J., Shitov, Yu., Simard, L., Šimkovic, F., Smetana, A., Smolek, K., Smolnikov, A., Söldner-Rembold, S., Soulé, B., Štekl, I., Suhonen, J., Sutton, C. S., Szklarz, G., Tedjditi, H., Thomas, J., Timkin, V., Torre, S., Tretyak, Vl. I., Tretyak, V. I., Umatov, V. I., Vanushin, I., Vilela, C., Vorobel, V., Waters, D., Xie, F., and Žukauskas, A.

Subjects
Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The full data set of the NEMO-3 experiment has been used to measure the half-life of the two-neutrino double beta decay of $^{100}$Mo to the ground state of $^{100}$Ru, $T_{1/2} = \left[ 6.81 \pm 0.01\,\left(\mbox{stat}\right) ^{+0.38}_{-0.40}\,\left(\mbox{syst}\right) \right] \times10^{18}$ y. The two-electron energy sum, single electron energy spectra and distribution of the angle between the electrons are presented with an unprecedented statistics of $5\times10^5$ events and a signal-to-background ratio of ~80. Clear evidence for the Single State Dominance model is found for this nuclear transition. Limits on Majoron emitting neutrinoless double beta decay modes with spectral indices of n=2,3,7, as well as constraints on Lorentz invariance violation and on the bosonic neutrino contribution to the two-neutrino double beta decay mode are obtained., Comment: 11 pages, 9 figures

Published
2019
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7. Final results on $^\textbf{82}$Se double beta decay to the ground state of $^\textbf{82}$Kr from the NEMO-3 experiment

Author

Collaboration, NEMO-3, Arnold, R., Augier, C., Barabash, A. S., Basharina-Freshville, A., Blondel, S., Blot, S., Bongrand, M., Boursette, D., Brudanin, V., Busto, J., Caffrey, A. J., Calvez, S., Cascella, M., Cerna, C., Cesar, J. P., Chapon, A., Chauveau, E., Chopra, A., Dawson, L., Duchesneau, D., Durand, D., Egorov, V., Eurin, G., Evans, J. J., Fajt, L., Filosofov, D., Flack, R., Garrido, X., Gómez, H., Guillon, B., Guzowski, P., Hodák, R., Huber, A., Hubert, P., Hugon, C., Jullian, S., Klimenko, A., Kochetov, O., Konovalov, S. I., Kovalenko, V., Lalanne, D., Lang, K., Lemière, Y., Noblet, T. Le, Liptak, Z., Liu, X. R., Loaiza, P., Lutter, G., Macolino, C., Mamedov, F., Marquet, C., Mauger, F., Morgan, B., Mott, J., Nemchenok, I., Nomachi, M., Nova, F., Nowacki, F., Ohsumi, H., Pahlka, R. B., Patrick, C., Perrot, F., Piquemal, F., Povinec, P., Přidal, P., Ramachers, Y. A., Remoto, A., Reyss, J. L., Riddle, C. L., Rukhadze, E., Rukhadze, N. I., Saakyan, R., Salazar, R., Sarazin, X., Shitov, Yu., Simard, L., Šimkovic, F., Smetana, A., Smolek, K., Smolnikov, A., Söldner-Rembold, S., Soulé, B., Štekl, I., Suhonen, J., Sutton, C. S., Szklarz, G., Thomas, J., Timkin, V., Torre, S., Tretyak, Vl. I., Tretyak, V. I., Umatov, V. I., Vanushin, I., Vilela, C., Vorobel, V., Waters, D., Xie, F., and Žukauskas, A.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Using data from the NEMO-3 experiment, we have measured the two-neutrino double beta decay ($2\nu\beta\beta$) half-life of $^{82}$Se as $T_{1/2}^{2\nu} = \left[ 9.39 \pm 0.17\,\left(\mbox{stat}\right) \pm 0.58\,\left(\mbox{syst}\right)\right] \times 10^{19}$ y under the single-state dominance hypothesis for this nuclear transition. The corresponding nuclear matrix element is $\left|M^{2\nu}\right| = 0.0498 \pm 0.0016$. In addition, a search for neutrinoless double beta decay ($0\nu\beta\beta$) using 0.93 kg of $^{82}$Se observed for a total of 5.25 y has been conducted and no evidence for a signal has been found. The resulting half-life limit of $T_{1/2}^{0\nu} > 2.5 \times 10^{23} \,\mbox{y} \,(90\%\,\mbox{C.L.})$ for the light neutrino exchange mechanism leads to a constraint on the effective Majorana neutrino mass of $\langle m_{\nu} \rangle < \left(1.2 - 3.0\right) \,\mbox{eV}$, where the range reflects $0\nu\beta\beta$ nuclear matrix element values from different calculations. Furthermore, constraints on lepton number violating parameters for other $0\nu\beta\beta$ mechanisms, such as right-handed currents, majoron emission and R-parity violating supersymmetry modes have been set., Comment: 14 pages, 10 figures

Published
2018

8. Calorimeter development for the SuperNEMO double beta decay experiment

Author

Barabash, A. S., Basharina-Freshville, A., Blot, S., Bongrand, M., Bourgeois, Ch., Breton, D., Brudanin, V., Burešovà, H., Busto, J., Caffrey, A. J., Calvez, S., Cascella, M., Cerna, C., Cesar, J. P., Chauveau, E., Chopra, A., Claverie, G., De Capua, S., Delalee, F., Duchesneau, D., Egorov, V., Eurin, G., Evans, J. J., Fajt, L., Filosofov, D., Flack, R., Garrido, X., Gómez, H., Guillon, B., Guzowski, P., Hodák, R., Holý, K., Huber, A., Hugon, C., Jeremie, A., Jullian, S., Kauer, M., Klimenko, A., Kochetov, O., Konovalov, S. I., Kovalenko, V., Lang, K., Lemière, Y., Noblet, T. Le, Liptak, Z., Liu, X. R., Loaiza, P., Lutter, G., Maalmi, J., Macko, M., Mamedov, F., Marquet, C., Mauger, F., Moreau, I., Morgan, B., Mott, J., Nemchenok, I., Nomachi, M., Nova, F., Ohsumi, H., Pahlka, R. B., Pater, J. R., Perrot, F., Piquemal, F., Povinec, P., Přidal, P., Ramachers, Y. A., Rebii, A., Remoto, A., Richards, B., Ricol, J. S., Riddle, C. L., Rukhadze, E., Saakyan, R., Salazar, R., Sarazin, X., Sedgbeer, J., Shitov, Yu., Šimkovic, F., Simard, L., Smetana, A., Smolek, K., Smolnikov, A., Snow, S., Söldner-Rembold, S., Soulé, B., Špavorová, M., Štekl, I., Thomas, J., Timkin, V., Torre, S., Tretyak, Vl. I., Tretyak, V. I., Umatov, V. I., Vilela, C., Vorobel, V., Waters, D., and Žukauskas, A.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

SuperNEMO is a double-$\beta$ decay experiment, which will employ the successful tracker-calorimeter technique used in the recently completed NEMO-3 experiment. SuperNEMO will implement 100 kg of double-$\beta$ decay isotope, reaching a sensitivity to the neutrinoless double-$\beta$ decay ($0\nu\beta\beta$) half-life of the order of $10^{26}$ yr, corresponding to a Majorana neutrino mass of 50-100 meV. One of the main goals and challenges of the SuperNEMO detector development programme has been to reach a calorimeter energy resolution, $\Delta$E/E, around 3%/$sqrt(E)$(MeV) $\sigma$, or 7%/$sqrt(E)$(MeV) FWHM (full width at half maximum), using a calorimeter composed of large volume plastic scintillator blocks coupled to photomultiplier tubes. We describe the R\&D programme and the final design of the SuperNEMO calorimeter that has met this challenging goal.

Published
2017
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9. Search for neutrinoless quadruple-$\beta$ decay of $^{150}$Nd with the NEMO-3 detector

Author

Arnold, R., Augier, C., Barabash, A. S., Basharina-Freshville, A., Blondel, S., Blot, S., Bongrand, M., Boursette, D., Brudanin, V., Busto, J., Caffrey, A. J., Calvez, S., Cascella, M., Cerna, C., Cesar, J. P., Chapon, A., Chauveau, E., Chopra, A., Dawson, L., Duchesneau, D., Durand, D., Egorov, V., Eurin, G., Evans, J. J., Fajt, L., Filosofov, D., Flack, R., Garrido, X., Gómez, H., Guillon, B., Guzowski, P., Hodák, R., Huber, A., Hubert, P., Hugon, C., Jullian, S., Klimenko, A., Kochetov, O., Konovalov, S. I., Kovalenko, V., Lalanne, D., Lang, K., Lemière, Y., Noblet, T. Le, Liptak, Z., Liu, X. R., Loaiza, P., Lutter, G., Macko, M., Macolino, C., Mamedov, F., Marquet, C., Mauger, F., Morgan, B., Mott, J., Nemchenok, I., Nomachi, M., Nova, F., Nowacki, F., Ohsumi, H., Patrick, C., Pahlka, R. B., Perrot, F., Piquemal, F., Povinec, P., Přidal, P., Ramachers, Y. A., Remoto, A., Reyss, J. L., Riddle, C. L., Rukhadze, E., Saakyan, R., Salazar, R., Sarazin, X., Shitov, Yu., Simard, L., Šimkovic, F., Smetana, A., Smolek, K., Smolnikov, A., Söldner-Rembold, S., Soulé, B., Štefánik, D., Štekl, I., Suhonen, J., Sutton, C. S., Szklarz, G., Thomas, J., Timkin, V., Torre, S., Tretyak, Vl. I., Tretyak, V. I., Umatov, V. I., Vanushin, I., Vilela, C., Vorobel, V., Waters, D., Xie, F., and Žukauskas, A.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

We report the results of a first experimental search for lepton number violation by four units in the neutrinoless quadruple-$\beta$ decay of $^{150}$Nd using a total exposure of $0.19$ kg$\cdot$y recorded with the NEMO-3 detector at the Modane Underground Laboratory (LSM). We find no evidence of this decay and set lower limits on the half-life in the range $T_{1/2}>(1.1-3.2)\times10^{21}$ y at the $90\%$ CL, depending on the model used for the kinematic distributions of the emitted electrons., Comment: 6 pages, 4 figures

Published
2017
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10. The BiPo-3 detector for the measurement of ultra low natural radioactivities of thin materials

Author

Barabash, A. S., Basharina-Freshville, A., Birdsall, E., Blondel, S., Blot, S., Bongrand, M., Boursette, D., Brudanin, V., Busto, J., Caffrey, A. J., Calvez, S., Cascella, M., Cebrián, S., Cerna, C., Cesar, J. P, Chauveau, E., Chopra, A., Dafní, T., De Capua, S., Duchesneau, D., Durand, D., Egorov, V., Eurin, G., Evans, J. J., Fajt, L., Filosofov, D., Flack, R., Garrido, X., Gómez, H., Guillon, B., Guzowski, P., Holý, K., Hodák, R., Huber, A., Hugon, C., Iguaz, F. J., Irastorza, I. G., Jeremie, A., Jullian, S., Kauer, M., Klimenko, A., Kochetov, O., Konovalov, S. I., Kovalenko, V., Lang, K., Lemière, Y., Noblet, T. Le, Liptak, Z., Liu, X. R., Loaiza, P., Lutter, G., Luzón, G., Macko, M., Mamedov, F., Marquet, C., Mauger, F., Morgan, B., Mott, J., Nemchenok, I., Nomachi, M., Nova, F., Ohsumi, H., de Solórzano, G. Oliviéro A. Ortiz, Pahlka, R. B., Pater, J., Perrot, F., Piquemal, F., Povinec, P., Přidal, P., Ramachers, Y. A., Remoto, A., Richards, B., Riddle, C. L., Rukhadze, E., Saakyan, R., Salazar, R., Sarazin, X., Shitov, Yu., Simard, L., Šimkovic, F., Smetana, A., Smolek, K., Smolnikov, A., Söldner-Rembold, S., Soulé, B., Štekl, I., Thomas, J., Timkin, V., Torre, S., Tretyak, Vl. I., Tretyak, V. I., Umatov, V. I., Vilela, C., Vorobel, V., Waters, D., and Žukauskas, A.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The BiPo-3 detector, running in the Canfranc Underground Laboratory (Laboratorio Subterr\'aneo de Canfranc, LSC, Spain) since 2013, is a low-radioactivity detector dedicated to measuring ultra low natural radionuclide contaminations of $^{208}$Tl ($^{232}$Th chain) and $^{214}$Bi ($^{238}$U chain) in thin materials. The total sensitive surface area of the detector is 3.6 m$^2$. The detector has been developed to measure radiopurity of the selenium double $\beta$-decay source foils of the SuperNEMO experiment. In this paper the design and performance of the detector, and results of the background measurements in $^{208}$Tl and $^{214}$Bi, are presented, and validation of the BiPo-3 measurement with a calibrated aluminium foil is discussed. Results of the $^{208}$Tl and $^{214}$Bi activity measurements of the first enriched $^{82}$Se foils of the double $\beta$-decay SuperNEMO experiment are reported. The sensitivity of the BiPo-3 detector for the measurement of the SuperNEMO $^{82}$Se foils is $\mathcal{A}$($^{208}$Tl) $<2$ $\mu$Bq/kg (90\% C.L.) and $\mathcal{A}$($^{214}$Bi) $<140$ $\mu$Bq/kg (90\% C.L.) after 6 months of measurement., Comment: 37 pages, 29 figures

Published
2017
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11. Measurement of the $2\nu\beta\beta$ Decay Half-Life and Search for the $0\nu\beta\beta$ Decay of $^{116}$Cd with the NEMO-3 Detector

Author

Collaboration, NEMO-3, Arnold, R., Augier, C., Baker, J. D., Barabash, A. S., Basharina-Freshville, A., Blondel, S., Blot, S., Bongrand, M., Boursette, D., Brudanin, V., Busto, J., Caffrey, A. J., Calvez, S., Cascella, M., Cerna, C., Cesar, J. P., Chapon, A., Chauveau, E., Chopra, A., Duchesneau, D., Durand, D., Egorov, V., Eurin, G., Evans, J. J., Fajt, L., Filosofov, D., Flack, R., Garrido, X., Gómez, H., Guillon, B., Guzowski, P., Hodák, R., Huber, A., Hubert, P., Hugon, C., Jullian, S., Klimenko, A., Kochetov, O., Konovalov, S. I., Kovalenko, V., Lalanne, D., Lang, K., Lemière, Y., Noblet, T. Le, Liptak, Z., Loaiza, P., Lutter, G., Macko, M., Macolino, C., Mamedov, F., Marquet, C., Mauger, F., Morgan, B., Mott, J., Nemchenok, I., Nomachi, M., Nova, F., Nowacki, F., Ohsumi, H., Pahlka, R. B., Perrot, F., Piquemal, F., Povinec, P., Přidal, P., Ramachers, Y. A., Remoto, A., Reyss, J. L., Richards, B., Riddle, C. L., Rukhadze, E., Saakyan, R., Salazar, R., Sarazin, X., Shitov, Yu., Simard, L., Šimkovic, F., Smetana, A., Smolek, K., Smolnikov, A., Söldner-Rembold, S., Soulé, B., Štekl, I., Suhonen, J., Sutton, C. S., Szklarz, G., Thomas, J., Timkin, V., Torre, S., Tretyak, Vl. I., Tretyak, V. I., Umatov, V. I., Vanushin, I., Vilela, C., Vorobel, V., Waters, D., and Žukauskas, A.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The NEMO-3 experiment measured the half-life of the $2\nu\beta\beta$ decay and searched for the $0\nu\beta\beta$ decay of $^{116}$Cd. Using $410$ g of $^{116}$Cd installed in the detector with an exposure of $5.26$ y, ($4968\pm74$) events corresponding to the $2\nu\beta\beta$ decay of $^{116}$Cd to the ground state of $^{116}$Sn have been observed with a signal to background ratio of about $12$. The half-life of the $2\nu\beta\beta$ decay has been measured to be $ T_{1/2}^{2\nu}=[2.74\pm0.04\mbox{(stat.)}\pm0.18\mbox{(syst.)}]\times10^{19}$ y. No events have been observed above the expected background while searching for $0\nu\beta\beta$ decay. The corresponding limit on the half-life is determined to be $T_{1/2}^{0\nu} \ge 1.0 \times 10^{23}$ y at the $90$ % C.L. which corresponds to an upper limit on the effective Majorana neutrino mass of $\langle m_{\nu} \rangle \le 1.4-2.5$ eV depending on the nuclear matrix elements considered. Limits on other mechanisms generating $0\nu\beta\beta$ decay such as the exchange of R-parity violating supersymmetric particles, right-handed currents and majoron emission are also obtained.

Published
2016
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12. Measurement of the 2$\nu\beta\beta$ decay half-life of $^{150}$Nd and a search for 0$\nu\beta\beta$ decay processes with the full exposure from the NEMO-3 detector

Author

Collaboration, NEMO-3, Arnold, R., Augier, C., Baker, J. D., Barabash, A. S., Basharina-Freshville, A., Blondel, S., Blot, S., Bongrand, M., Brudanin, V., Busto, J., Caffrey, A. J., Calvez, S., Cascell, M., Cerna, C., Cesar, J. P., Chapon, A., Chauveau, E., Chopra, A., Duchesneau, D., Durand, D., Egorov, V., Eurin, G., Evans, J. J., Fajt, L., Filosofov, D., Flack, R., Garrido, X., Gòmez, H., Guillon, B., Guzowski, P., Hodák, R., Huber, A., Hubert, P., Hugon, C., Jullian, S., Klimenko, A., Kochetov, O., Konovalov, S. I., Kovalenko, V., Lalanne, D., Lang, K., Lemière, Y., Noblet, T. Le, Liptak, Z., Liu, X. R., Loaiza, P., Lutter, G., Mamedov, F., Marquet, C., Mauger, F., Morgan, B., Mott, J., Nemchenok, I., Nomachi, M., Nova, F., Nowacki, F., Ohsumi, H., Pahlka, R. B., Perrot, F., Piquemal, F., Povinec, P., Přidal, P., Ramachers, Y. A., Remoto, A., Reyss, J. L., Richards, B., Riddle, C. L., Rukhadze, E., Saakyan, R., Salazar, R., Sarazin, X., Shitov, Yu., Simard, L., Šimkovic, F., Smetana, A., Smolek, K., Smolnikov, A., Soldner-Rembold, S., Soulé, B., Štekl, I., Suhonen, J., Sutton, C. S., Szklarz, G., Thomas, J., Timkin, V., Torre, S., Tretyak, Vl. I., Tretyak, V. I., Umatov, V. I., Vanushin, I., Vilela, C., Vorobel, V., Waters, D., and Žukauskas, A.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

We present results from a search for neutrinoless double-$\beta$ ($0\nu\beta\beta$) decay using 36.6 g of the isotope $^{150}$Nd with data corresponding to a live time of 5.25 y recorded with the NEMO-3 detector. We construct a complete background model for this isotope, including a measurement of the two-neutrino double-$\beta$ decay half-life of $T^{2\nu}_{1/2}=$[9.34 $\pm$ 0.22 (stat.) $^{+0.62}_{-0.60}$ (syst.)]$\times 10^{18}$ y for the ground state transition, which represents the most precise result to date for this isotope. We perform a multivariate analysis to search for \zeronu decays in order to improve the sensitivity and, in the case of observation, disentangle the possible underlying decay mechanisms. As no evidence for \zeronu decay is observed, we derive lower limits on half-lives for several mechanisms involving physics beyond the Standard Model. The observed lower limit, assuming light Majorana neutrino exchange mediates the decay, is $T^{0\nu}_{1/2} >$ 2.0 $\times 10^{22}$ y at the 90% C.L., corresponding to an upper limit on the effective neutrino mass of $\langle m_{\nu} \rangle$ $<$ 1.6 - 5.3 eV.., Comment: 18 pages, 11 figures, Final journal version after peer review

Published
2016
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13. Measurement of the double-beta decay half-life and search for the neutrinoless double-beta decay of $^{48}{\rm Ca}$ with the NEMO-3 detector

Author

Collaboration, NEMO-3, Arnold, R., Augier, C., Bakalyarov, A. M., Baker, J. D., Barabash, A. S., Basharina-Freshville, A., Blondel, S., Blot, S., Bongrand, M., Brudanin, V., Busto, J., Caffrey, A. J., Calvez, S., Cascella, M., Cerna, C., Cesar, J. P., Chapon, A., Chauveau, E., Chopra, A., Duchesneau, D., Durand, D., Egorov, V., Eurin, G., Evans, J. J., Fajt, L., Filosofov, D., Flack, R., Garrido, X., Gómez, H., Guillon, B., Guzowski, P., Hodák, R., Huber, A., Hubert, P., Hugon, C., Jullian, S., Klimenko, A., Kochetov, O., Konovalov, S. I., Kovalenko, V., Lalanne, D., Lang, K., Lebedev, V. I., Lemière, Y., Noblet, T. Le, Liptak, Z., Liu, X. R., Loaiza, P., Lutter, G., Mamedov, F., Marquet, C., Mauger, F., Morgan, B., Mott, J., Nemchenok, I., Nomachi, M., Nova, F., Nowacki, F., Ohsumi, H., Pahlka, R. B., Perrot, F., Piquemal, F., Povinec, P., Přidal, P., Ramachers, Y. A., Remoto, A., Reyss, J. L., Richards, B., Riddle, C. L., Rukhadze, E., Rukhadze, N. I., Saakyan, R., Salazar, R., Sarazin, X., Shitov, Yu., Simard, L., Šimkovic, F., Smetana, A., Smolek, K., Smolnikov, A., Söldner-Rembold, S., Soulé, B., Štekl, I., Suhonen, J., Sutton, C. S., Szklarz, G., Thomas, J., Timkin, V., Torre, S., Tretyak, Vl. I., Tretyak, V. I., Umatov, V. I., Vanushin, I., Vilela, C., Vorobel, V., Waters, D., Zhukov, S. V., and Žukauskas, A.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The NEMO-3 experiment at the Modane Underground Laboratory has investigated the double-$\beta$ decay of $^{48}{\rm Ca}$. Using $5.25$ yr of data recorded with a $6.99\,{\rm g}$ sample of $^{48}{\rm Ca}$, approximately $150$ double-$\beta$ decay candidate events have been selected with a signal-to-background ratio greater than $3$. The half-life for the two-neutrino double-$\beta$ decay of $^{48}{\rm Ca}$ has been measured to be $T^{2\nu}_{1/2}\,=\,[6.4\, ^{+0.7}_{-0.6}{\rm (stat.)} \, ^{+1.2}_{-0.9}{\rm (syst.)}] \times 10^{19}\,{\rm yr}$. A search for neutrinoless double-$\beta$ decay of $^{48}{\rm Ca}$ yields a null result and a corresponding lower limit on the half-life is found to be $T^{0\nu}_{1/2} > 2.0 \times 10^{22}\,{\rm yr}$ at $90\%$ confidence level, translating into an upper limit on the effective Majorana neutrino mass of $< m_{\beta\beta} > < 6.0 - 26$ ${\rm eV}$, with the range reflecting different nuclear matrix element calculations. Limits are also set on models involving Majoron emission and right-handed currents., Comment: 8 pages, 5 figures, 3 tables. Final journal version after peer review

Published
2016
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14. Result of the search for neutrinoless double-$\beta$ decay in $^{100}$Mo with the NEMO-3 experiment

Author

Arnold, R., Augier, C., Baker, J. D., Barabash, A. S., Basharina-Freshville, A., Blondel, S., Blot, S., Bongrand, M., Brudanin, V., Busto, J., Caffrey, A. J., Calvez, S., Cerna, C., Cesar, J. P., Chapon, A., Chauveau, E., Duchesneau, D., Durand, D., Egorov, V., Eurin, G., Evans, J. J., Fajt, L., Filosofov, D., Flack, R., Garrido, X., Gómez, H., Guillon, B., Guzowski, P., Hodák, R., Huber, A., Hubert, P., Hugon, C., Jullian, S., Klimenko, A., Kochetov, O., Konovalov, S. I., Kovalenko, V., Lalanne, D., Lang, K., Lemière, Y., Noblet, T. Le, Liptak, Z., Loaiza, P., Lutter, G., Mamedov, F., Marquet, C., Mauger, F., Morgan, B., Mott, J., Nemchenok, I., Nomachi, M., Nova, F., Nowacki, F., Ohsumi, H., Pahlka, R. B., Perrot, F., Piquemal, F., Povinec, P., Přidal, P., Ramachers, Y. A., Remoto, A., Reyss, J. L., Richards, B., Riddle, C. L., Rukhadze, E., Saakyan, R., Sarazin, X., Shitov, Yu., Simard, L., Simkovic, F., Smetana, A., Smolek, K., Smolnikov, A., Söldner-Rembold, S., Soulé, B., Štekl, I., Suhonen, J., Sutton, C. S., Szklarz, G., Thomas, J., Timkin, V., Torre, S., Tretyak, Vl. I., Tretyak, V. I., Umatov, V. I., Vanushin, I., Vilela, C., Vorobel, V., Waters, D., and Žukauskas, A.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The NEMO-3 detector, which had been operating in the Modane Underground Laboratory from 2003 to 2010, was designed to search for neutrinoless double $\beta$ ($0\nu\beta\beta$) decay. We report final results of a search for $0\nu\beta\beta$ decays with $6.914$ kg of $^{100}$Mo using the entire NEMO-3 data set with a detector live time of $4.96$ yr, which corresponds to an exposure of 34.3 kg$\cdot$yr. We perform a detailed study of the expected background in the $0\nu\beta\beta$ signal region and find no evidence of $0\nu\beta\beta$ decays in the data. The level of observed background in the $0\nu\beta\beta$ signal region $[2.8-3.2]$ MeV is $0.44 \pm 0.13$ counts/yr/kg, and no events are observed in the interval $[3.2-10]$ MeV. We therefore derive a lower limit on the half-life of $0\nu\beta\beta$ decays in $^{100}$Mo of $T_{1/2}(0\nu\beta\beta)> 1.1 \times 10^{24}$ yr at the $90\%$ Confidence Level, under the hypothesis of light Majorana neutrino exchange. Depending on the model used for calculating nuclear matrix elements, the limit for the effective Majorana neutrino mass lies in the range $\langle m_{\nu} \rangle < 0.33$--$0.62$ eV. We also report constraints on other lepton-number violating mechanisms for $0\nu\beta\beta$ decays.

Published
2015

15. Methane and nitrous oxide emissions from Canadian dairy farms and mitigation options: An updated review

Author

Jayasundara, S, Ranga Niroshan Appuhamy, JAD, Kebreab, E, and Wagner-Riddle, C

Subjects
dairy cattle, greenhouse gas, enteric fermentation, manure management, methane, nitrous oxide, Dairy & Animal Science, Animal Production, Veterinary Sciences
Abstract

This review examined methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O) mitigation strategies for Canadian dairy farms. The primary focus was research conducted in Canada and cold climatic regions with similar dairy systems. Meta-analyses were conducted to assess the impact of a given strategy when sufficient data were available. Results indicated that options to reduce enteric CH4 from dairy cows were increasing the dietary starch content and dietary lipid supplementation. Replacing barley or alfalfa silage with corn silage with higher starch content decreased enteric CH4 per unit of milk by 6%. Increasing dietary lipids from 3% to 6% of dry matter (DM) reduced enteric CH4 yield by 9%. Strategies such as nitrate supplementation and 3-nitrooxypropanol additive indicated potential for reducing enteric CH4 by about 30% but require extensive research on toxicology and consumer acceptance. Strategies to reduce emissions from manure are anaerobic digestion, composting, solid-liquid separation, covering slurry storage and flaring CH4, and reducing methanogen inoculum by complete emptying of slurry storage at spring application. These strategies have potential to reduce emissions from manure by up to 50%. An integrated approach of combining strategies through diet and manure management is necessary for significant GHG mitigation and lowering carbon footprint of milk produced in Canada.

Published
2016

16. Search for Neutrinoless Double-Beta Decay of $^{100}$Mo with the NEMO-3 Detector

Author

Collaboration, NEMO-3, Arnold, R., Augier, C., Baker, J. D., Barabash, A. S., Basharina-Freshville, A., Blondel, S., Blot, S., Bongrand, M., Brudanin, V., Busto, J., Caffrey, A. J., Cerna, C., Chapon, A., Chauveau, E., Duchesneau, D., Durand, D., Egorov, V., Eurin, G., Evans, J. J., Flack, R., Garrido, X., Gómez, H., Guillon, B., Guzowski, P., Hodák, R., Hubert, P., Hugon, C., Jullian, S., Klimenko, A., Kochetov, O., Konovalov, S. I., Kovalenko, V., Lalanne, D., Lang, K., Lemière, Y., Liptak, Z., Loaiza, P., Lutter, G., Mamedov, F., Marquet, C., Mauger, F., Morgan, B., Mott, J., Nemchenok, I., Nomachi, M., Nova, F., Nowacki, F., Ohsumi, H., Pahlka, R. B., Perrot, F., Piquemal, F., Povinec, P., Ramachers, Y. A., Remoto, A., Reyss, J. L., Richards, B., Riddle, C. L., Rukhadze, E., Saakyan, R., Sarazin, X., Shitov, Yu., Simard, L., Šimkovic, F., Smetana, A., Smolek, K., Smolnikov, A., Söldner-Rembold, S., Soulé, B., Štekl, I., Suhonen, J., Sutton, C. S., Szklarz, G., Thomas, J., Timkin, V., Torre, S., Tretyak, Vl. I., Tretyak, V. I., Umatov, V. I., Vanushin, I., Vilela, C., Vorobel, V., Waters, D., and Žukauskas, A.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

We report the results of a search for the neutrinoless double-$\beta$ decay (0$\nu\beta\beta$) of $^{100}$Mo, using the NEMO-3 detector to reconstruct the full topology of the final state events. With an exposure of 34.7 kg.y, no evidence for the 0$\nu\beta\beta$ signal has been found, yielding a limit for the light Majorana neutrino mass mechanism of $T_{1/2}(0\nu\beta\beta)>1.1 \times 10^{24}$ years (90% C.L.) once both statistical and systematic uncertainties are taken into account. Depending on the Nuclear Matrix Elements this corresponds to an upper limit on the Majorana effective neutrino mass of $< m_{\nu} > < 0.3-0.9$ eV (90% C.L.). Constraints on other lepton number violating mechanisms of 0$\nu\beta\beta$ decays are also given. Searching for high-energy double electron events in all suitable sources of the detector, no event in the energy region [3.2-10] MeV is observed for an exposure of 47 kg.y.

Published
2013
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17. Probing New Physics Models of Neutrinoless Double Beta Decay with SuperNEMO

Author

Arnold, R., Augier, C., Baker, J., Barabash, A. S., Basharina-Freshville, A., Bongrand, M., Brudanin, V., Caffrey, A. J., Cebrián, S., Chapon, A., Chauveau, E., Dafni, Th., Deppisch, F. F., Diaz, J., Durand, D., Egorov, V., Evans, J. J., Flack, R., Fushima, K-I., Irastorza, I. García, Garrido, X., Gómez, H., Guillon, B., Holin, A., Holy, K., Horkley, J. J., Hubert, Ph., Hugon, C., Iguaz, F. J., Ishihara, N., Jackson, C. M., Jullian, S., Kauer, M., Kochetov, O., Konovalov, S. I., Kovalenko, V., Lamhamdi, T., Lang, K., Lutter, G., Luzón, G., Mamedov, F., Marquet, Ch., Mauger, F., Monrabal, F., Nachab, A., Nasteva, I., Nemchenok, I., Nguyen, C. H., Nomachi, M., Nova, F., Ohsumi, H., Pahlka, R. B., Perrot, F., Piquemal, F., Povinec, P. P., Richards, B., Ricol, J. S., Riddle, C. L., Rodríguez, A., Saakyan, R., Sarazin, X., Sedgbeer, J. K., Serra, L., Shitov, Yu., Simard, L., Šimkovic, F., Söldner-Rembold, S., Štekl, I., Sutton, C. S., Tamagawa, Y., Thomas, J., Timkin, V., Tretyak, V., Tretyak, Vl. I., Umatov, V. I., Vanyushin, I. A., Vasiliev, R., Vasiliev, V., Vorobel, V., Waters, D., Yahlali, N., and Žukauskas, A.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

The possibility to probe new physics scenarios of light Majorana neutrino exchange and right-handed currents at the planned next generation neutrinoless double beta decay experiment SuperNEMO is discussed. Its ability to study different isotopes and track the outgoing electrons provides the means to discriminate different underlying mechanisms for the neutrinoless double beta decay by measuring the decay half-life and the electron angular and energy distributions., Comment: 17 pages, 14 figures, to be published in E.P.J. C

Published
2010
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18. Results of the BiPo-1 prototype for radiopurity measurements for the SuperNEMO double beta decay source foils

Author

Argyriades, J., Arnold, R., Augier, C., Baker, J., Barabash, A. S., Basharina-Freshville, A., Bongrand, M., Bourgeois, C., Breton, D., Briére, M., Broudin-Bay, G., Brudanin, V. B., Caffrey, A. J., Cebrián, S., Chapon, A., Chauveau, E., Dafni, Th., Díaz, J., Durand, D., Egorov, V. G., Evans, J. J., Flack, R., Fushima, K-I., Irastorza, I. G., Garrido, X., Gómez, H., Guillon, B., Holin, A., Holy, K, Horkey, J. J., Hubert, P., Hugon, C., Iguaz, F. J., Ishihara, N., Jackson, C. M., Jenzer, S., Jullian, S., Kauer, M., Kochetov, O. I., Konovalov, S. I., Kovalenko, V., Lamhamdi, T., Lang, K., Lemiére, Y., Lutter, G., Luzón, G., Mamedov, F., Marquet, Ch., Mauger, F., Monrabal, F., Nachab, A., Nemchenok, I. B., Nguyen, C. H., Nomachi, M., Nova, F., Ohsumi, H., Pahlka, R. B., Perrot, F., Piquemal, F., Povinec, P. P., Richards, B., Ricol, J. S., Riddle, C. L., Rodríguez, A., Saakyan, R., Sarazin, X., Sedgbeer, J. K., Serra, L., Shitov, Yu. A., Simard, L., Šimkovic, F., Söldner-Rembold, S., Štekl, I., Sutton, C. S., Tamagawa, Y., Szklarz, G., Thomas, J., Timkin, V., Tretyak, V., Tretyak, Vl. I., Umatov, V. I., Vála, L., Vanyushin, I. A., Vasiliev, R., Vasiliev, V. A., Vorobel, V., Waters, D., Yahali, N., and Žukauskas, A.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

The development of BiPo detectors is dedicated to the measurement of extremely high radiopurity in $^{208}$Tl and $^{214}$Bi for the SuperNEMO double beta decay source foils. A modular prototype, called BiPo-1, with 0.8 $m^2$ of sensitive surface area, has been running in the Modane Underground Laboratory since February, 2008. The goal of BiPo-1 is to measure the different components of the background and in particular the surface radiopurity of the plastic scintillators that make up the detector. The first phase of data collection has been dedicated to the measurement of the radiopurity in $^{208}$Tl. After more than one year of background measurement, a surface activity of the scintillators of $\mathcal{A}$($^{208}$Tl) $=$ 1.5 $\mu$Bq/m$^2$ is reported here. Given this level of background, a larger BiPo detector having 12 m$^2$ of active surface area, is able to qualify the radiopurity of the SuperNEMO selenium double beta decay foils with the required sensitivity of $\mathcal{A}$($^{208}$Tl) $<$ 2 $\mu$Bq/kg (90% C.L.) with a six month measurement., Comment: 24 pages, submitted to N.I.M. A

Published
2010
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19. Spectral modeling of scintillator for the NEMO-3 and SuperNEMO detectors

Author

Argyriades, J., Arnold, R., Augier, C., Baker, J., Barabash, A. S., Bongrand, M., Broudin-Bay, G., Brudanin, V. B., Caffrey, A. J., Cebrián, S., Chapon, A., Chauveau, E., Dafni, Th., Daraktchieva, Z., iaz, J. D, Durand, D., Egorov, V. G., Evans, J. J., Fatemi-Ghomi, N., Flack, R., Basharina-Freshville, A., Fushimi, K-I., Garrido, X., Gómez, H., Guillon, B., Holin, A., Holy, K., Horkey, J. J., Hubert, Ph., Hugon, C., Iguaz, F. J., Irastorza, I. G., Ishihara, N., Jackson, C. M., Jullian, S., Kanamaru, S., Kauer, M., Kochetov, O. I., Konovalov, S. I., Kovalenko, V. E., Lalanne, D., Lang, K., ere, Y. Lemi, Lutter, G., Luzón, G., Mamedov, F., Marquet, Ch., Martin-Albo, J., Mauger, F., Monrabal, F., Nachab, A., Nasteva, I., Nemchenok, I. B., Nguyen, C. H., Nova, F., Novella, P., Ohsumi, H., Pahlka, R. B., Perrot, F., Piquemal, F., Povinec, P. P., Richards, B., Ricol, J. S., Riddle, C. L., Rodriguez, A., Saakyan, R., Sarazin, X., Sedgbeer, J. K., Serra, L., Simard, L., Šimkovic, F., Shitov, Yu. A., Smolnikov, A. A., Soldner-Rembold, S., Štekl, I., Sugaya, Y., Sutton, C. S., Szklarz, G., Tamagawa, Y., Thomas, J., Thompson, R., Timkin, V. V., Tretyak, V. I., Tretyak, Vl. I., Umatov, V. I., ala, L. V, Vanyushin, I. A., Vasiliev, R., Vorobel, V., Vylov, Ts., Waters, D., Yahlali, N., and Žukauskas, A.

Subjects
Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We have constructed a GEANT4-based detailed software model of photon transport in plastic scintillator blocks and have used it to study the NEMO-3 and SuperNEMO calorimeters employed in experiments designed to search for neutrinoless double beta decay. We compare our simulations to measurements using conversion electrons from a calibration source of $\rm ^{207}Bi$ and show that the agreement is improved if wavelength-dependent properties of the calorimeter are taken into account. In this article, we briefly describe our modeling approach and results of our studies., Comment: 16 pages, 10 figures

Published
2010
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20. Quantifying body water kinetics and fecal and urinary water output from lactating Holstein dairy cows

Author

Appuhamy, JADRN, Wagner-Riddle, C, Casper, DP, France, J, and Kebreab, E

Subjects
Animals, Body Water, Body Weight, Cattle, Diet, Dietary Fiber, Drinking, Feces, Female, Kinetics, Lactation, Manure, Milk, Models, Biological, Rumen, Saliva, Urine, Water, dairy cow, manure water, mechanistic model, water intake, Animal Production, Food Sciences, Dairy & Animal Science
Abstract

Reliable estimates of fresh manure water output from dairy cows help to improve storage design, enhance efficiency of land application, quantify the water footprint, and predict nutrient transformations during manure storage. The objective of the study was to construct a mechanistic, dynamic, and deterministic mathematical model to quantify urinary and fecal water outputs (kg/d) from individual lactating dairy cows. The model contained 4 body water pools: reticulorumen (QRR), post-reticulorumen (QPR), extracellular (QEC), and intracellular (QIC). Dry matter (DM) intake, dietary forage, DM, crude protein, acid detergent fiber and ash contents, milk yield, and milk fat and protein contents, days in milk, and body weight were input variables to the model. A set of linear equations was constructed to determine drinking, feed, and saliva water inputs to QRR and fractional water passage from QRR to QPR. Water transfer via the rumen wall was subjected to changes in QEC and total water input to QRR. Post-reticulorumen water passage was adjusted for DM intake. Metabolic water production and respiratory cutaneous water losses were estimated with functions of heat production in the model. Water loss in urine was driven by absorbed N left after being removed via milk. Model parameters were estimated simultaneously using observed fecal and urinary water output data from lactating Holstein cows (n=670). The model was evaluated with data that were not used for model development and optimization (n=377). The observations in both data sets were related to thermoneutral conditions. The model predicted drinking water intake, fecal, urinary, and total fresh manure water output with root mean square prediction errors as a percentage of average values of 18.1, 15.6, 30.6, and 14.6%, respectively. In all cases, >97% of the prediction error was due to random variability of data. The model can also be used to determine saliva production, heat and metabolic water production, respiratory cutaneous water losses, and size of major body water pools in lactating Holstein cows under thermoneutral conditions.

Published
2014

21. Development of mathematical models to predict volume and nutrient composition of fresh manure from lactating Holstein cows

Author

Appuhamy, JAD Ranga Niroshan, Moraes, LE, Wagner-Riddle, C, Casper, DP, France, J, and Kebreab, E

Subjects
faeces, dairy cows, nutrient excretion, prediction models, urine, Environmental Sciences, Biological Sciences, Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Agronomy & Agriculture
Abstract

Organic compounds in dairy manure undergo a series of reactions producing pollutants such as ammonia and methane. Because various organic compounds have different reaction rates, the emissions could be accurately determined if amounts and concentrations of individual nutrients in manure are known. A set of empirical models were developed for predicting faecal and urinary water, carbon (C), nitrogen (N), acid detergent fibre and neutral detergent fibre output (kg/day) from lactating Holstein cows. Dietary nutrient contents, milk yield and composition, bodyweight, age and days in milk were used with or without dry matter intake (DMI) as potential predictor variables. Multi-collinearity, goodness of fit, model complexity, and random study and animal effects were taken into account during model development, which used 742 measured faecal or urinary nutrient output observations (kg/day). The models were evaluated with an independent dataset (n ≤ 364). When DMI was used as a predictor variable, the models predicted faecal and urinary nutrient outputs successfully with root mean square prediction error as a percentage of average observed values (RMSPE%) ranging from 9.1% to 20.7%. All the predictions except urine output had RMSPE% ranging from 18.3% to 24.6% when DMI was not used. The nutrient output predictions were in reasonable agreement with observed values throughout the data range (systematic bias

Published
2014

22. Development of mathematical models to predict volume and nutrient composition of fresh manure from lactating Holstein cows

Author

Ranga Niroshan Appuhamy, JAD, Moraes, LE, Wagner-Riddle, C, Casper, DP, France, J, and Kebreab, E

Subjects
faeces, dairy cows, nutrient excretion, prediction models, urine, Agronomy & Agriculture, Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences, Environmental Sciences, Biological Sciences
Abstract

Organic compounds in dairy manure undergo a series of reactions producing pollutants such as ammonia and methane. Because various organic compounds have different reaction rates, the emissions could be accurately determined if amounts and concentrations of individual nutrients in manure are known. A set of empirical models were developed for predicting faecal and urinary water, carbon (C), nitrogen (N), acid detergent fibre and neutral detergent fibre output (kg/day) from lactating Holstein cows. Dietary nutrient contents, milk yield and composition, bodyweight, age and days in milk were used with or without dry matter intake (DMI) as potential predictor variables. Multi-collinearity, goodness of fit, model complexity, and random study and animal effects were taken into account during model development, which used 742 measured faecal or urinary nutrient output observations (kg/day). The models were evaluated with an independent dataset (n ≤ 364). When DMI was used as a predictor variable, the models predicted faecal and urinary nutrient outputs successfully with root mean square prediction error as a percentage of average observed values (RMSPE%) ranging from 9.1% to 20.7%. All the predictions except urine output had RMSPE% ranging from 18.3% to 24.6% when DMI was not used. The nutrient output predictions were in reasonable agreement with observed values throughout the data range (systematic bias

Published
2014

23. Measurement of the double-$$\varvec{\beta }$$ decay of $$\varvec{^{150}}$$Nd to the 0$$\varvec{^+_1}$$ excited state of $$\varvec{^{150}}$$Sm in NEMO-3

Author

Aguerre, X., primary, Arnold, R., additional, Augier, C., additional, Barabash, A. S., additional, Basharina-Freshville, A., additional, Blondel, S., additional, Blot, S., additional, Bongrand, M., additional, Breier, R., additional, Brudanin, V., additional, Busto, J., additional, Bystryakov, A., additional, Caffrey, A. J., additional, Cerna, C., additional, Cesar, J. P., additional, Ceschia, M., additional, Chauveau, E., additional, Chopra, A., additional, Dawson, L., additional, Duchesneau, D., additional, Durand, D., additional, Evans, J. J., additional, Flack, R., additional, Franchini, P., additional, Garrido, X., additional, Girard-Carillo, C., additional, Guillon, B., additional, Guzowski, P., additional, Hoballah, M., additional, Hodák, R., additional, Hubert, P., additional, Hussain, M. H., additional, Jullian, S., additional, Klimenko, A., additional, Kochetov, O., additional, Konovalov, S. I., additional, Koňařík, F., additional, Křižák, T., additional, Lalanne, D., additional, Lang, K., additional, Lemière, Y., additional, Li, P., additional, Loaiza, P., additional, Lutter, G., additional, Macko, M., additional, Mamedov, F., additional, Marquet, C., additional, Mauger, F., additional, Minotti, A., additional, Morgan, B., additional, Nemchenok, I., additional, Nomachi, M., additional, Nowacki, F., additional, Ohsumi, H., additional, Oliviéro, G., additional, Palušová, V., additional, Patrick, C., additional, Perrot, F., additional, Petro, M., additional, Pin, A., additional, Piquemal, F., additional, Povinec, P., additional, Pratt, S., additional, Přidal, P., additional, Quinn, W. S., additional, Ramachers, Y. A., additional, Remoto, A., additional, Reyss, J. L., additional, Riddle, C. L., additional, Rukhadze, E., additional, Saakyan, R., additional, Salamatin, A., additional, Salazar, R., additional, Sarazin, X., additional, Sedgbeer, J., additional, Shitov, Yu., additional, Simard, L., additional, Šimkovic, F., additional, Smetana, A., additional, Smolnikov, A., additional, Söldner-Rembold, S., additional, Štekl, I., additional, Suhonen, J., additional, Szklarz, G., additional, Tedjditi, H., additional, Thomas, J., additional, Timkin, V., additional, Tretyak, V. I., additional, Umatov, V. I., additional, Vanushin, I., additional, Vereshchaka, Y., additional, Vorobel, V., additional, Waters, D., additional, and Xie, F., additional

Published
2023
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24. Anti-methanogenic effects of monensin in dairy and beef cattle: A meta-analysis

Author

Appuhamy, JAD Ranga Niroshan, Strathe, AB, Jayasundara, S, Wagner-Riddle, C, Dijkstra, J, France, J, and Kebreab, E

Subjects
Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Clinical Research, Climate Action, Animals, Cattle, Female, Male, Methane, Monensin, dairy and beef cattle, meta-analysis, methane, monensin, Animal Production, Food Sciences, Dairy & Animal Science
Abstract

Monensin is a widely used feed additive with the potential to minimize methane (CH4) emissions from cattle. Several studies have investigated the effects of monensin on CH4, but findings have been inconsistent. The objective of the present study was to conduct meta-analyses to quantitatively summarize the effect of monensin on CH4 production (g/d) and the percentage of dietary gross energy lost as CH4 (Ym) in dairy cows and beef steers. Data from 22 controlled studies were used. Heterogeneity of the monensin effects were estimated using random effect models. Due to significant heterogeneity (>68%) in both dairy and beef studies, the random effect models were then extended to mixed effect models by including fixed effects of DMI, dietary nutrient contents, monensin dose, and length of monensin treatment period. Monensin reduced Ym from 5.97 to 5.43% and diets with greater neutral detergent fiber contents (g/kg of dry matter) tended to enhance the monensin effect on CH4 in beef steers. When adjusted for the neutral detergent fiber effect, monensin supplementation [average 32 mg/kg of dry matter intake (DMI)] reduced CH4 emissions from beef steers by 19±4 g/d. Dietary ether extract content and DMI had a positive and a negative effect on monensin in dairy cows, respectively. When adjusted for these 2 effects in the final mixed-effect model, monensin feeding (average 21 mg/kg of DMI) was associated with a 6±3 g/d reduction in CH4 emissions in dairy cows. When analyzed across dairy and beef cattle studies, DMI or monensin dose (mg/kg of DMI) tended to decrease or increase the effect of monensin in reducing methane emissions, respectively. Methane mitigation effects of monensin in dairy cows (-12±6 g/d) and beef steers (-14±6 g/d) became similar when adjusted for the monensin dose differences between dairy cow and beef steer studies. When adjusted for DMI differences, monensin reduced Ym in dairy cows (-0.23±0.14) and beef steers (-0.33±0.16). Monensin treatment period length did not significantly modify the monensin effects in dairy cow or beef steer studies. Overall, monensin had stronger antimethanogenic effects in beef steers than dairy cows, but the effects in dairy cows could potentially be improved by dietary composition modifications and increasing the monensin dose.

Published
2013

28. Detailed studies of 100Mo two-neutrino double beta decay in NEMO-3

Author

Arnold, R., Augier, C., Barabash, A. S., Basharina-Freshville, A., Blondel, S., Blot, S., Bongrand, M., Boursette, D., Brudanin, V., Busto, J., Caffrey, A. J., Calvez, S., Cascella, M., Cerna, C., Cesar, J. P., Chapon, A., Chauveau, E., Chopra, A., Dawson, L., Duchesneau, D., Durand, D., Dvornický, R., Egorov, V., Eurin, G., Evans, J. J., Fajt, L., Filosofov, D., Flack, R., Garrido, X., Girard-Carillo, C., Gómez, H., Guillon, B., Guzowski, P., Hodák, R., Huber, A., Hubert, P., Hugon, C., Jullian, S., Kochetov, O., Konovalov, S. I., Kovalenko, V., Lalanne, D., Lang, K., Lemière, Y., Noblet, T. Le, Liptak, Z., Liu, X. R., Loaiza, P., Lutter, G., Macko, M., Macolino, C., Mamedov, F., Marquet, C., Mauger, F., Minotti, A., Morgan, B., Mott, J., Nemchenok, I., Nomachi, M., Nova, F., Nowacki, F., Ohsumi, H., Oliviéro, G., Pahlka, R. B., Patrick, C., Perrot, F., Pin, A., Piquemal, F., Povinec, P., Přidal, P., Ramachers, Y. A., Remoto, A., Reyss, J. L., Riddle, C. L., Rukhadze, E., Saakyan, R., Salamatin, A., Salazar, R., Sarazin, X., Sedgbeer, J., Shitov, Yu., Simard, L., Šimkovic, F., Smetana, A., Smolek, K., Smolnikov, A., Söldner-Rembold, S., Soulé, B., Štekl, I., Suhonen, J., Sutton, C. S., Szklarz, G., Tedjditi, H., Thomas, J., Timkin, V., Torre, S., Tretyak, Vl. I., Tretyak, V. I., Umatov, V. I., Vanushin, I., Vilela, C., Vorobel, V., Waters, D., Xie, F., and Žukauskas, A.

Published
2019
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29. Ratio of non-growing season to growing season N2O emissions in Canadian croplands: an update to national inventory methodology

Author

Pelster, David E., primary, Thiagarajan, Arumugam, additional, Liang, B. Chang, additional, Chantigny, Martin H., additional, Wagner-Riddle, C., additional, Congreves, Kate A., additional, Lemke, R. L., additional, Glenn, Aaron, additional, Tenuta, Mario, additional, Hernandez-Ramirez, Guillermo, additional, Bittman, Shabtai, additional, Hunt, D. E., additional, Owens, Jennifer, additional, and MacDonald, J. Douglas, additional

Published
2022
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31. Final results on 82Se82Kr double beta decay to the ground state of 82Se82Kr from the NEMO-3 experiment

Author

Arnold, R., Augier, C., Barabash, A. S., Basharina-Freshville, A., Blondel, S., Blot, S., Bongrand, M., Boursette, D., Brudanin, V., Busto, J., Caffrey, A. J., Calvez, S., Cascella, M., Cerna, C., Cesar, J. P., Chapon, A., Chauveau, E., Chopra, A., Dawson, L., Duchesneau, D., Durand, D., Egorov, V., Eurin, G., Evans, J. J., Fajt, L., Filosofov, D., Flack, R., Garrido, X., Gómez, H., Guillon, B., Guzowski, P., Hodák, R., Huber, A., Hubert, P., Hugon, C., Jullian, S., Klimenko, A., Kochetov, O., Konovalov, S. I., Kovalenko, V., Lalanne, D., Lang, K., Lemière, Y., Le Noblet, T., Liptak, Z., Liu, X. R., Loaiza, P., Lutter, G., Macolino, C., Mamedov, F., Marquet, C., Mauger, F., Morgan, B., Mott, J., Nemchenok, I., Nomachi, M., Nova, F., Nowacki, F., Ohsumi, H., Pahlka, R. B., Patrick, C., Perrot, F., Piquemal, F., Povinec, P., Přidal, P., Ramachers, Y. A., Remoto, A., Reyss, J. L., Riddle, C. L., Rukhadze, E., Rukhadze, N. I., Saakyan, R., Salazar, R., Sarazin, X., Shitov, Yu., Simard, L., Šimkovic, F., Smetana, A., Smolek, K., Smolnikov, A., Söldner-Rembold, S., Soulé, B., Štekl, I., Suhonen, J., Sutton, C. S., Szklarz, G., Thomas, J., Timkin, V., Torre, S., Tretyak, Vl. I., Tretyak, V. I., Umatov, V. I., Vanushin, I., Vilela, C., Vorobel, V., Waters, D., Xie, F., and Žukauskas, A.

Published
2018
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33. A gap in nitrous oxide emission reporting complicates long-term climate mitigation

Author

Del Grosso, S.J., Ogle, S.M., Nevison, C., Gurung, R., Parton, W.J., Wagner-Riddle, C., Smith, W., Winiwarter, W., Grant, B., Tenuta, M., Marx, E., Spencer, S., Williams, S., Del Grosso, S.J., Ogle, S.M., Nevison, C., Gurung, R., Parton, W.J., Wagner-Riddle, C., Smith, W., Winiwarter, W., Grant, B., Tenuta, M., Marx, E., Spencer, S., and Williams, S.

Abstract

Nitrous oxide (N2O) is an important greenhouse gas (GHG) that also contributes to depletion of ozone in the stratosphere. Agricultural soils account for about 60% of anthropogenic N2O emissions. Most national GHG reporting to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change assumes nitrogen (N) additions drive emissions during the growing season, but soil freezing and thawing during spring is also an important driver in cold climates. We show that both atmospheric inversions and newly implemented bottom-up modeling approaches exhibit large N2O pulses in the northcentral region of the United States during early spring and this increases annual N2O emissions from croplands and grasslands reported in the national GHG inventory by 6 to 16%. Considering this, emission accounting in cold climate regions is very likely underestimated in most national reporting frameworks. Current commitments related to the Paris Agreement and COP26 emphasize reductions of carbon compounds. Assuming these targets are met, the importance of accurately accounting and mitigating N2O increases once CO2 and CH4 are phased out. Hence, the N2O emission underestimate introduces additional risks into meeting long-term climate goals.

Published
2022
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35. Measurement of double beta decay of $^{150}$Nd to the 0$^+_1$ excited state of $^{150}$Sm in NEMO-3

Author

Collaboration, NEMO-3, Aguerre, X., Arnold, R., Augier, C., Barabash, A. S., Basharina-Freshville, A., Blondel, S., Blot, S., Bongrand, M., Breier, R., Brudanin, V., Busto, J., Bystryakov, A., Caffrey, A. J., Cerna, C., Cesar, J. P., Ceschia, M., Chauveau, E., Chopra, A., Dawson, L., Duchesneau, D., Durand, D., Evans, J. J., Flack, R., Franchini, P., Garrido, X., Girard-Carillo, C., Guillon, B., Guzowski, P., Hoballah, M., Hodák, R., Hubert, P., Hussain, M. H., Jullian, S., Klimentko, A., Kochetov, O., Konovalov, S. I., Koňařík, F., Křižák, T., Lalanne, D., Lang, K., Lemière, Y., Li, P., Liptak, Z., Loaiza, P., Lutter, G., Macko, M., Mamedov, F., Marquet, C., Mauger, F., Minotti, A., Morgan, B., Nemchenok, I., Nomachi, M., Nova, F., Nowacki, F., Ohsumi, H., Oliviéro, G., Pahlka, R. B., Palušová, V., Patrick, C., Perrot, F., Petro, M., Pin, A., Piquemal, F., Povinec, P., Pratt, S., Přidal, P., Quinn, W. S., Ramachers, Y. A., Remoto, A., Reyss, J. L., Riddle, C. L., Rukhadze, E., Saakyan, R., Salamatin, A., Salazar, R., Sarazin, X., Sedgbeer, J., Shitov, Yu., Simard, L., Šimkovic, F., Smetana, A., Smolnikov, A., Söldner-Rembold, S., Štekl, I., Suhonen, J., Szklarz, G., Tedjditi, H., Thomas, J., Timkin, V., Tretyak, V. I., Umatov, V. I., Vanushin, I., Vereshchaka, Y., Vorobel, V., Waters, D., and Xie, F.

Subjects
FOS: Physical sciences, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

NEMO-3 results for the double beta decay of $^{150}$Nd to the 0 $^+_1$ and 2$^+_1$ excited states of $^{150}$Sm are reported. The data recorded during 5.25 y with 36.6 g of the isotope $^{150}$Nd were used in the analysis. For the first time the signal of $2\nu\beta\beta$ transition to the 0$^+_1$ excited state is detected with statistical significance exceeding 5 sigma. The half-life is measured to be $T_{1/2}^{2\nu\beta\beta}(0^+_1) = \left[ 1.11 ^{+0.19}_{-0.14} \,\left(\mbox{stat}\right) ^{+0.17}_{-0.15}\, \left(\mbox{syst}\right) \right] \times10^{20}\,\mbox{y}$. Limits are set on $2\nu\beta\beta$ decay to 2$^+_1$ level and on $0\nu\beta\beta$ decay to 0$^+_1$ and 2$^+_1$ levels of $^{150}$Sm., Comment: Minor corrections. Author list adapted to new collaboration rules

Published
2022
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36. Search for periodic modulations of the rate of double- β decay of Mo 100 in the NEMO-3 detector

Author

Arnold R., Augier C., Barabash A. S., Basharina-Freshville A., Blondel S., Blot S., Bongrand M., Boursette D., Breier R., Brudanin V., Busto J., Caffrey A. J., Calvez S., Cerna C., Cesar J. P., Ceschia M., Chapon A., Chauveau E., Chopra A., Dawson L., Duchesneau D., Durand D., Eurin G., Evans J. J., Fajt L., Filosofov D., Flack R., Franchini P., Garrido X., Girard-Carillo C., Gomez H., Guillon B., Guzowski P., Hodak R., Huber A., Hubert P., Hugon C., Hussain M. H., Jullian S., Klimenko A., Kochetov O., Konovalov S. I., Kovalenko V., Lalanne D., Lang K., Lemiere Y., Le Noblet T., Liptak Z., Liu X. R., Loaiza P., Lutter G., Macko M., Macolino C., Mamedov F., Marquet C., Mauger F., Minotti A., Morgan B., Mott J., Nemchenok I., Nomachi M., Nova F., Nowacki F., Ohsumi H., Oliviero G., Pahlka R. B., Palusova V., Patrick C., Perrot F., Pin A., Piquemal F., Povinec P., Pridal P., Quinn W. S., Ramachers Y. A., Remoto A., Reyss J. L., Riddle C. L., Rukhadze E., Saakyan R., Salamatin A., Salazar R., Sarazin X., Sedgbeer J., Shitov Y., Simard L., Simkovic F., Smetana A., Smolnikov A., Soldner-Rembold S., Soule B., Stekl I., Suhonen J., Sutton C. S., Szklarz G., Tedjditi H., Thomas J., Timkin V., Torre S., Tretyak V. I., Umatov V. I., Vanushin I., Vilela C., Vorobel V., Waters D., Xie F., Arnold, R, Augier, C, Barabash, A, Basharina-Freshville, A, Blondel, S, Blot, S, Bongrand, M, Boursette, D, Breier, R, Brudanin, V, Busto, J, Caffrey, A, Calvez, S, Cerna, C, Cesar, J, Ceschia, M, Chapon, A, Chauveau, E, Chopra, A, Dawson, L, Duchesneau, D, Durand, D, Eurin, G, Evans, J, Fajt, L, Filosofov, D, Flack, R, Franchini, P, Garrido, X, Girard-Carillo, C, Gomez, H, Guillon, B, Guzowski, P, Hodak, R, Huber, A, Hubert, P, Hugon, C, Hussain, M, Jullian, S, Klimenko, A, Kochetov, O, Konovalov, S, Kovalenko, V, Lalanne, D, Lang, K, Lemiere, Y, Le Noblet, T, Liptak, Z, Liu, X, Loaiza, P, Lutter, G, Macko, M, Macolino, C, Mamedov, F, Marquet, C, Mauger, F, Minotti, A, Morgan, B, Mott, J, Nemchenok, I, Nomachi, M, Nova, F, Nowacki, F, Ohsumi, H, Oliviero, G, Pahlka, R, Palusova, V, Patrick, C, Perrot, F, Pin, A, Piquemal, F, Povinec, P, Pridal, P, Quinn, W, Ramachers, Y, Remoto, A, Reyss, J, Riddle, C, Rukhadze, E, Saakyan, R, Salamatin, A, Salazar, R, Sarazin, X, Sedgbeer, J, Shitov, Y, Simard, L, Simkovic, F, Smetana, A, Smolnikov, A, Soldner-Rembold, S, Soule, B, Stekl, I, Suhonen, J, Sutton, C, Szklarz, G, Tedjditi, H, Thomas, J, Timkin, V, Torre, S, Tretyak, V, Umatov, V, Vanushin, I, Vilela, C, Vorobel, V, Waters, D, and Xie, F

Subjects
Radioactivity, Decay Rate, Half-Life
Abstract

Double-beta decays of Mo100 from the 6.0195-year exposure of a 6.914 kg high-purity sample were recorded by the NEMO-3 experiment that searched for neutrinoless double-beta decays. These ultrarare transitions to Ru100 have a half-life of approximately 7×1018 years and have been used to conduct the first-ever search for periodic variations of this decay mode. The Lomb-Scargle periodogram technique, and its error-weighted extension, were employed to look for periodic modulations of the half-life. Data show no evidence at the 95% confidence level of modulations with amplitude greater than 2.5% in the frequency range of 0.33225yr-1 to 360yr-1.

Published
2021

40. Detailed studies of 100 Mo two-neutrino double beta decay in NEMO-3

Author

Arnold, R, Augier, C, Barabash, A, Basharina-Freshville, A, Blondel, S, Blot, S, Bongrand, M, Boursette, D, Brudanin, V, Busto, J, Caffrey, A, Calvez, S, Cascella, M, Cerna, C, Cesar, J, Chapon, A, Chauveau, E, Chopra, A, Dawson, L, Duchesneau, D, Durand, D, Dvornicky, R, Egorov, V, Eurin, G, Evans, J, Fajt, L, Filosofov, D, Flack, R, Garrido, X, Girard-Carillo, C, Gomez, H, Guillon, B, Guzowski, P, Hodak, R, Huber, A, Hubert, P, Hugon, C, Jullian, S, Kochetov, O, Konovalov, S, Kovalenko, V, Lalanne, D, Lang, K, Lemiere, Y, Noblet, T, Liptak, Z, Liu, X, Loaiza, P, Lutter, G, Macko, M, Macolino, C, Mamedov, F, Marquet, C, Mauger, F, Minotti, A, Morgan, B, Mott, J, Nemchenok, I, Nomachi, M, Nova, F, Nowacki, F, Ohsumi, H, Oliviero, G, Pahlka, R, Patrick, C, Perrot, F, Pin, A, Piquemal, F, Povinec, P, Pridal, P, Ramachers, Y, Remoto, A, Reyss, J, Riddle, C, Rukhadze, E, Saakyan, R, Salamatin, A, Salazar, R, Sarazin, X, Sedgbeer, J, Shitov, Y, Simard, L, Simkovic, F, Smetana, A, Smolek, K, Smolnikov, A, Soldner-Rembold, S, Soule, B, Stekl, I, Suhonen, J, Sutton, C, Szklarz, G, Tedjditi, H, Thomas, J, Timkin, V, Torre, S, Tretyak, V, Umatov, V, Vanushin, I, Vilela, C, Vorobel, V, Waters, D, Xie, F, Zukauskas, A, Arnold R., Augier C., Barabash A. S., Basharina-Freshville A., Blondel S., Blot S., Bongrand M., Boursette D., Brudanin V., Busto J., Caffrey A. J., Calvez S., Cascella M., Cerna C., Cesar J. P., Chapon A., Chauveau E., Chopra A., Dawson L., Duchesneau D., Durand D., Dvornicky R., Egorov V., Eurin G., Evans J. J., Fajt L., Filosofov D., Flack R., Garrido X., Girard-Carillo C., Gomez H., Guillon B., Guzowski P., Hodak R., Huber A., Hubert P., Hugon C., Jullian S., Kochetov O., Konovalov S. I., Kovalenko V., Lalanne D., Lang K., Lemiere Y., Noblet T. L., Liptak Z., Liu X. R., Loaiza P., Lutter G., Macko M., Macolino C., Mamedov F., Marquet C., Mauger F., Minotti A., Morgan B., Mott J., Nemchenok I., Nomachi M., Nova F., Nowacki F., Ohsumi H., Oliviero G., Pahlka R. B., Patrick C., Perrot F., Pin A., Piquemal F., Povinec P., Pridal P., Ramachers Y. A., Remoto A., Reyss J. L., Riddle C. L., Rukhadze E., Saakyan R., Salamatin A., Salazar R., Sarazin X., Sedgbeer J., Shitov Y., Simard L., Simkovic F., Smetana A., Smolek K., Smolnikov A., Soldner-Rembold S., Soule B., Stekl I., Suhonen J., Sutton C. S., Szklarz G., Tedjditi H., Thomas J., Timkin V., Torre S., Tretyak V. I., Umatov V. I., Vanushin I., Vilela C., Vorobel V., Waters D., Xie F., Zukauskas A., Arnold, R, Augier, C, Barabash, A, Basharina-Freshville, A, Blondel, S, Blot, S, Bongrand, M, Boursette, D, Brudanin, V, Busto, J, Caffrey, A, Calvez, S, Cascella, M, Cerna, C, Cesar, J, Chapon, A, Chauveau, E, Chopra, A, Dawson, L, Duchesneau, D, Durand, D, Dvornicky, R, Egorov, V, Eurin, G, Evans, J, Fajt, L, Filosofov, D, Flack, R, Garrido, X, Girard-Carillo, C, Gomez, H, Guillon, B, Guzowski, P, Hodak, R, Huber, A, Hubert, P, Hugon, C, Jullian, S, Kochetov, O, Konovalov, S, Kovalenko, V, Lalanne, D, Lang, K, Lemiere, Y, Noblet, T, Liptak, Z, Liu, X, Loaiza, P, Lutter, G, Macko, M, Macolino, C, Mamedov, F, Marquet, C, Mauger, F, Minotti, A, Morgan, B, Mott, J, Nemchenok, I, Nomachi, M, Nova, F, Nowacki, F, Ohsumi, H, Oliviero, G, Pahlka, R, Patrick, C, Perrot, F, Pin, A, Piquemal, F, Povinec, P, Pridal, P, Ramachers, Y, Remoto, A, Reyss, J, Riddle, C, Rukhadze, E, Saakyan, R, Salamatin, A, Salazar, R, Sarazin, X, Sedgbeer, J, Shitov, Y, Simard, L, Simkovic, F, Smetana, A, Smolek, K, Smolnikov, A, Soldner-Rembold, S, Soule, B, Stekl, I, Suhonen, J, Sutton, C, Szklarz, G, Tedjditi, H, Thomas, J, Timkin, V, Torre, S, Tretyak, V, Umatov, V, Vanushin, I, Vilela, C, Vorobel, V, Waters, D, Xie, F, Zukauskas, A, Arnold R., Augier C., Barabash A. S., Basharina-Freshville A., Blondel S., Blot S., Bongrand M., Boursette D., Brudanin V., Busto J., Caffrey A. J., Calvez S., Cascella M., Cerna C., Cesar J. P., Chapon A., Chauveau E., Chopra A., Dawson L., Duchesneau D., Durand D., Dvornicky R., Egorov V., Eurin G., Evans J. J., Fajt L., Filosofov D., Flack R., Garrido X., Girard-Carillo C., Gomez H., Guillon B., Guzowski P., Hodak R., Huber A., Hubert P., Hugon C., Jullian S., Kochetov O., Konovalov S. I., Kovalenko V., Lalanne D., Lang K., Lemiere Y., Noblet T. L., Liptak Z., Liu X. R., Loaiza P., Lutter G., Macko M., Macolino C., Mamedov F., Marquet C., Mauger F., Minotti A., Morgan B., Mott J., Nemchenok I., Nomachi M., Nova F., Nowacki F., Ohsumi H., Oliviero G., Pahlka R. B., Patrick C., Perrot F., Pin A., Piquemal F., Povinec P., Pridal P., Ramachers Y. A., Remoto A., Reyss J. L., Riddle C. L., Rukhadze E., Saakyan R., Salamatin A., Salazar R., Sarazin X., Sedgbeer J., Shitov Y., Simard L., Simkovic F., Smetana A., Smolek K., Smolnikov A., Soldner-Rembold S., Soule B., Stekl I., Suhonen J., Sutton C. S., Szklarz G., Tedjditi H., Thomas J., Timkin V., Torre S., Tretyak V. I., Umatov V. I., Vanushin I., Vilela C., Vorobel V., Waters D., Xie F., and Zukauskas A.

Abstract

The full data set of the NEMO-3 experiment has been used to measure the half-life of the two-neutrino double beta decay of 100Mo to the ground state of 100Ru, T1/2=[6.81±0.01(stat)-0.40+0.38(syst)]×1018 year. The two-electron energy sum, single electron energy spectra and distribution of the angle between the electrons are presented with an unprecedented statistics of 5 × 10 5 events and a signal-to-background ratio of ∼ 80. Clear evidence for the Single State Dominance model is found for this nuclear transition. Limits on Majoron emitting neutrinoless double beta decay modes with spectral indices of n = 2 , 3 , 7 , as well as constraints on Lorentz invariance violation and on the bosonic neutrino contribution to the two-neutrino double beta decay mode are obtained.

Published
2019

44. Linking nitrous oxide flux during spring thaw to nitrate denitrification in the soil profile

Author

Wagner-Riddle, C., Hu, Q.C., van Bochove, E., and Jayasundara, S.

Subjects
Nitrous oxide -- Research, Nitrous oxide -- Environmental aspects, Denitrification -- Research, Soils -- Nitrogen content, Soils -- Research, Earth sciences
Abstract

The importance of spring thaw nitrous oxide ([N.sub.2]O) fluxes to the total [N.sub.2]O emission budget in cold climates has been recognized recently. Two mechanisms have been proposed to explain the burst in [N.sub.2]O fluxes due to soil freezing and thawing: enhanced microbial activity due to increased nutrient availability at spring thaw, and release of [N.sub.2]O trapped at depth during winter. The objective of this study was to determine whether increased surface N20 fluxes were due to physical release at spring thaw of [N.sub.2]O accumulated all winter at depth in the soil profile, or whether fluxes were due to rapid [N.sub.2]O production in the surface layer during the thaw process. Micrometeorological flux measurements and a chamber method applied to in situ soil columns receiving [sup.15]N tracer were used in Ontario, Canada during winters of 2003 and 2004. Labeled K[sup.15]N[O.sub.3] fertilizer (60% excess [sup.15]N) at the rate of 100 kg N [ha.sup.-1] was applied to two layers, that is, surface layer 0 to 5 cm (SL) and deep layer 12 to 17 cm (DL) in nondisturbed soil columns placed in the field during the winter. The burst in [N.sub.2]O fluxes from the soil surface measured by both methods occurred within the same period of soil thawing. Denitrification was the main mechanism responsible for [N.sub.2]O production, and conditions conducive to [N.sub.2]O and [N.sub.2] production occurred both in the SL and DL during thawing. Despite high [sup.15] [N.sub.2]O concentrations at depth, the burst in [N.sub.2]O fluxes from DL soil columns were 1.5 to 5 times lower than that from SL soil columns as more [N.sub.2]O from DL was converted to [N.sub.2] before diffusing out of the soil profile. Comparison of [N.sub.2]O fluxes originating from SL and DL soil columns indicates that the source of [N.sub.2]O burst at spring thaw is mostly 'newly' produced [N.sub.2]O in the surface layer, and not the release of [N.sub.2]O trapped in the unfrozen soil beneath the frozen layers. Abbreviations: DL, deep layer 12 to 17 cm; SL, surface layer 0 to 5 cm

Published
2008

45. Search for Periodic Modulations of the Rate of Double-Beta Decay of $^{100}$Mo in the NEMO-3 Detector

Author

3 Collaboration, Arnold, R., Augier, C., Barabash, A. S., Basharina-Freshville, A., Blondel, S., Blot, S., Bongrand, M., Boursette, D., Breier, R., Brudanin, V., Busto, J., Caffrey, A. J., Calvez, S., Cerna, C., Cesar, J. P., Ceschia, M., Chapon, A., Chauveau, E., Chopra, A., Dawson, L., Duchesneau, D., Durand, D., Eurin, G., Evans, J. J., Fajt, L., Filosofov, D., Flack, R., Franchini, P., Garrido, X., Girard-Carillo, C., G��mez, H., Guillon, B., Guzowski, P., Hod��k, R., Huber, A., Hubert, P., Hugon, C., Hussain, M. H., Jullian, S., Klimenko, A., Kochetov, O., Konovalov, S. I., Kovalenko, V., Lalanne, D., Lang, K., Lemi��re, Y., Noblet, T. Le, Liptak, Z., Liu, X. R., Loaiza, P., Lutter, G., Macko, M., Macolino, C., Mamedov, F., Marquet, C., Mauger, F., Minotti, A., Morgan, B., Mott, J., Nemchenok, I., Nomachi, M., Nova, F., Nowacki, F., Ohsumi, H., Olivi��ro, G., Pahlka, R. B., Palusova, V., Patrick, C., Perrot, F., Pin, A., Piquemal, F., Povinec, P., P��idal, P., Quinn, W. S., Ramachers, Y. A., Remoto, A., Reyss, J. L., Riddle, C. L., Rukhadze, E., Saakyan, R., Salamatin, A., Salazar, R., Sarazin, X., Sedgbeer, J., Shitov, Yu., Simard, L., ��imkovic, F., Smetana, A., Smolnikov, A., S��ldner-Rembold, S., Soul��, B., ��tekl, I., Suhonen, J., Sutton, C. S., Szklarz, G., Tedjditi, H., Thomas, J., Timkin, V., Torre, S., Tretyak, Vl. I., Tretyak, V. I., Umatov, V. I., Vanushin, I., Vilela, C., Vorobel, V., Waters, D., Xie, F., Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (IPHC), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etudes Nucléaires de Bordeaux Gradignan (CENBG), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de physique corpusculaire de Caen (LPCC), Université de Caen Normandie (UNICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU)-École Nationale Supérieure d'Ingénieurs de Caen (ENSICAEN), Normandie Université (NU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Laboratoire d'Annecy de Physique des Particules (LAPP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Souterrain de Modane (LSM - UMR 6417), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Laboratoire des Sciences du Climat et de l'Environnement [Gif-sur-Yvette] (LSCE), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Institut Universitaire de France (IUF), Ministère de l'Education nationale, de l’Enseignement supérieur et de la Recherche (M.E.N.E.S.R.), NEMO-3, Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA) Mulhouse - Colmar (Université de Haute-Alsace (UHA))-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux 1 (UB)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Normandie Université (NU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and The NEMO-3 Collaboration

Subjects
Neutrino Mediterranean Observatory, FOS: Physical sciences, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], sensitivity, decay modes, High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), modulation, double-beta decay: (0neutrino), [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), numerical calculations, Monte Carlo, Nuclear Experiment, QC
Abstract

International audience; Double-beta decays of Mo100 from the 6.0195-year exposure of a 6.914 kg high-purity sample were recorded by the NEMO-3 experiment that searched for neutrinoless double-beta decays. These ultrarare transitions to Ru100 have a half-life of approximately 7×1018 years and have been used to conduct the first-ever search for periodic variations of this decay mode. The Lomb-Scargle periodogram technique, and its error-weighted extension, were employed to look for periodic modulations of the half-life. Data show no evidence at the 95% confidence level of modulations with amplitude greater than 2.5% in the frequency range of 0.33225yr−1 to 360yr−1.

Published
2020
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47. New method to simulate soil freezing and thawing cycles for studying nitrous oxide flux

Author

Hu, Q.C., van Bochove, E., Warland, Jon, Kay, Bev, and Wagner-Riddle, C.

Subjects
Nitrous oxide -- Research, Thawing -- Environmental aspects, Soil fertility -- Research, Earth sciences
Abstract

Field experiments are essential for elucidating the processes involved in [N.sub.2]O production during soil freezing/thawing (FF) cycles, but laboratory simulations can provide the advantage of controlled conditions. Past studies have used disturbed or undisturbed soil cores placed in a controlled temperature environment, so that FT occurred from the external surface to the inside of the core (omni-directional method, OD). A new method of soil FT for simulating field conditions more closely in the laboratory was developed and its effect on [N.sub.2]O fluxes evaluated. Three methods were examined: OD, uni-directional (UD) with the soil column surrounded by filled-in soil, and a variant of UD with water accessible to the base of the core (UDW). The rate of soil cooling with time was significantly faster and similar at all depths (-0.29[degrees]C [h.sup.-1]) for OD, than for UD or UDW methods (-0.16[degrees]C [h.sup.-1] at 1 cm, -0.10[degrees]C [h.sup.-1] at 20 cm). This differential cooling resulted in a significant change in soil temperature with depth for UD and UDW methods 0.125[degrees]C [cm.sup.-1] during freezing and -0.35[degrees]C [cm.sup.-1] during thawing, but of only 0.04 and -0.02[degrees]C cm 1 for the OD method. Comparison with field temperature data indicated that the UD and UDW method more closely resembled the gradual top-to-bottom freezing of soil layers that occurs in field conditions (changes of -0.20[degrees]C [h.sup.-1] at 1 cm; -0.05[degrees]C [h.sup.-1] at 20 cm). Gravimetric water content in the frozen layer 0 to 20 mm in the UDW (60.6 g [kg.sup.-1]) was significantly higher than in UD (44.4 g [kg.sup.-1]) and OD (37.6 g [kg.sup.-1]) soil columns. Fluxes of [N.sub.2]O during thawing were significantly affected by the incubation method used, probably due to the intensity and duration of freezing, and the water content prevalent under each method with OD (13 ng [N.sub.2]O-N [m.sup.-2] [s.sup.-1]) > UDW (4.8 ng [N.sub.2]O-N [m.sup.-2] [s.sup.-1]) > UD (2.1 ng [N.sub.2]O-N [m.sup.-2] [s.sup.-1]). We conclude that the UD (and UDW) method allows for manipulation of FT in soil columns gradually layer-by-layer providing the conditions needed to link the site of [N.sub.2]O production in the soil profile with surface [N.sub.2]O fluxes in laboratory studies.

Published
2006

49. Excretion of major odor-causing and acidifying compounds in response to dietary supplementation of chicory inulin in growing pigs

Author

Rideout, T.C., Fan, M.Z., Cant, J.P., Wagner-Riddle, C., and Stonehouse, P.

Subjects
Swine -- Research, Zoology and wildlife conservation
Abstract

The excretion of major odor-causing and acidifying compounds in response to dietary supplementation of chicory inulin extract was investigated with six Yorkshire barrows, with an average initial BW of 30 kg, according to a balanced two-period cross-over design. The animals were fed a control diet containing no inulin extract and a treatment diet with 5% inulin extract (as-fed basis) at the expense of cornstarch. Each diet was formulated (as-fed basis) to contain 16% CP from corn (51%) and soybean meal (29%). Each experimental period lasted 14 d, with 10 d for dietary adaptation and 4 d for collection of fecal and urine samples. The fecal samples were analyzed for four major classes of odor-causing and acidifying compounds: 1) VFA; 2) N-containing compounds, including total N and ammonia; 3) volatile sulfides measured as hydrogen sulfide units; and 4) phenols and indoles, including p-cresol, indole, and skatole. Supplementation of chicory inulin at 5% had no effects on the fecal excretion of VFA (P = 0.29), ammonia (P = 0.96), total volatile sulfides (P = 0.56), p-cresol (P = 0.56), and indole (P = 0.75). Fecal excretion of total N (inulin = 6.13 vs. control = 5.10 g/ kg DMI) was increased (P < 0.05), whereas urinary total N excretion (inulin = 15.1 vs. control = 16.4 g/[pig*d]) was not affected (P = 0.17) by the inulin supplementation compared with the control group. Furthermore, fecal excretion of skatole (inulin = 9.07 vs. control = 18.93 mg/kg DMI) was decreased (P < 0.05) by the inulin supplementation compared with the control group. In conclusion, dietary supplementation of 5% chicory inulin extract is effective in decreasing the fecal excretion of skatole in growing pigs fed corn and soybean meal diets. Key Words: Chicory Inulin, Feces, Odor-Causing Compounds, Pigs

Published
2004

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