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This statement, focused on melanonychia and nail plate dermoscopy, is intended to guide medical professionals working with melanonychia and to assist choosing appropriate management for melanonychia patients. The International Study Group on Melanonychia w

This article discusses the value of nailfold dermoscopy in predicting the absence of a scleroderma pattern on nailfold videocapillaroscopy (NVC) in the diagnosis of Raynaud's phenomenon (RP). The study suggests that dermoscopy can be used as a screening tool by different specialists to exclude secondary RP based on four dermoscopy criteria. It also highlights the advantages of dermoscopy over other devices and emphasizes the need for a practical approach in differentiating primary from secondary RP. However, the study also reveals the limitations of dermoscopy in detecting capillary abnormalities and suggests that artificial intelligence (AI) could improve its accuracy in the future. [Extracted from the article]

This research evaluated the efficacy of inorganic and organic Se sources for growing-finishing pigs, as measured by performance and various tissue, serum, carcass, and loin quality traits. A total of 351 crossbred pigs were allotted at an average BW of 20.4 kg to six replicates of a 2 x 4 factorial experiment in a randomized complete block design. Pigs were fed diets containing Se-enriched yeast (organic) or sodium selenite (inorganic), each at .05, .10, .20, or .30 mg Se/kg diet. A non-Se-fortified basal diet was a ninth treatment group. Five pigs per pen were bled initially and at 30-d intervals with serum analyzed for Se and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity. At 55 kg BW, one pig per pen from each of three replicates was killed, and tissues were collected for Se analysis. At 105 kg BW, the remaining pigs in the three replicates were killed, carcass measurements were collected, tissues were analyzed for Se, and loin quality was evaluated for pH, drip loss, and lightness. No performance or carcass measurement benefit resulted from either Se source or dietary Se levels. Pigs had a lower serum Se concentration and GSH-Px activity when the basal diet was fed, but both increased as dietary Se level increased (P < .01). Serum GSH-Px activities were increased by pig age and reached a plateau when the diet contained approximately .10 mg Se/kg (P < .01) at d 30, and 60 of the trial, and at .05 mg Se/kg diet at d 90 of the trial. The organic Se group fed .05 and. 10 mg Se/kg had serum GSH-Px activities that tended to be lower than those of pigs fed the inorganic Se source, but GSH-Px activities in both groups were similar at higher Se levels. Tissue Se contents increased linearly as the dietary Se level increased, but the increase was markedly higher when organic Se was fed, resulting in an interaction (P < .01) response. Loin drip loss, pri, and lightness were unaffected (P > .15) by organic Se source or level, but there was a trend for a higher drip loss (P = .11) and a linear (P < .01) increase in loin paleness when the inorganic Se level increased. These results indicate that neither Se source nor Se level had an effect on pig performance or carcass measurements, but organic Se source increased tissue Se concentrations. Inorganic Se may, however, have a detrimental effect on loin quality, as reflected by higher drip loss and a paler color. Using serum GSH-Px activity as the measurement criterion, the supplemental dietary Se requirement did not seem to exceed .10 and .05 mg Se/kg diet for the growing and finishing phases, respective]y, when added to a basal diet containing .06 mg Se/kg. Key Words: Selenium, Seleno Amino Acids, Pigs