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Your search keyword '"Richert, B. T."' showing total 285 results
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285 results on '"Richert, B. T."'

2. Effects of three distinct two-week long diet strategies after transport on weaned pigs’ short and long-term welfare markers, behaviors and microbiota

Author

Parois, Séverine, Duttlinger, Allan, Richert, B. T., Lindemann, S. R., Johnson, J. S., Marchant-Forde, Jeremy, Livestock Behavior Research Unit, USDA-ARS : Agricultural Research Service, Physiologie, Environnement et Génétique pour l'Animal et les Systèmes d'Elevage [Rennes] (PEGASE), AGROCAMPUS OUEST, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Purdue University, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-AGROCAMPUS OUEST, and United States Department of Agriculture - Agricultural Research Service

Subjects
pig, stress, welfare, [SDV.BA.MVSA]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Animal biology/Veterinary medicine and animal Health, microbiote, microbiota, swine, bien-être animal, comportement animal, behaviour, animal welfare, porc
Abstract

International audience; Alternative feed supplements have shown promising effects in performance, but effects on welfare have had little evaluation. In the present study, we aimed at evaluating the effect of diet supplementation on welfare indicators. A total of 246 piglets were weaned and transported for a 12h. After transport, they were assigned to one of 3 diets fed for a 14-day period: A – an antibiotic diet including chlortetracycline and tiamulin, NA – a control diet without any antibiotic or feed supplement, GLN – a diet including 0.20% L-glutamine. After the 14-day period, all piglets were fed the same diet. Tear staining was measured 11 times post-weaning (from d0 to 147). Skin lesions were counted before and after weaning (d-2, 2 and 36). Novel object tests (NOT) were done in groups 4 times post-weaning (d17, 47, 85, 111). Samples for 16S microbial DNA composition were collected prior to transport (d0), following the 14-day period (d14) and at the conclusion of the nursery phase (d34). The NA pigs appeared less interested by novel objects. On d17, they avoided the object less than A pigs (P < 0.05). They spent less time exploring the object on d85 and took longer to interact with the object on d111 than A and GLN pigs (P < 0.05). NA pigs also appeared more sensitive to environment and management. They had larger tear stains than GLN pigs on d84 and 110 (P < 0.05). On d2, NA pigs had more lesions than A and GLN (P < 0.01). In terms of microbiota composition, GLN had higher -diversity than A and NA (P < 0.001). Differences between dietary treatments were absent at d0, were all demonstrated at d14 and disappeared at d34. Pearson correlations between aggression, stress and anxiety indicators and bacterial populations were medium to high from 0.31 to 0.69. The results demonstrate that short-term feeding strategy can have both short- and long-term effects on behavior and welfare, that may partly be explained by changes in gut microbiota composition. Supplementation with GLN appears to confer similar benefits to, and thus could be a viable alternative to dietary antibiotics.

Published
2020
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9. Effects of dietary valine concentration on lactational performance of sows nursing large litters

Author

Carter, S. D., Hill, G. M., Mahan, D. C., Nelssen, J. L., Richert, B. T., and Shurson, G. C.

Subjects
Sows -- Food and nutrition, Amino acids -- Health aspects, Lactation -- Physiological aspects, Nursing -- Physiological aspects, Zoology and wildlife conservation
Abstract

A cooperative study, using 231 primiand multiparous crossbred sows from six experiment stations (IN, KS, MI, MN, ND, and OH), was conducted to determine the effects of elevating dietary valine concentration in corn-soybean meal diets on lactational performance of sows nursing large litters. Crossbred sows were fed diets containing a minimum of .60% lysine during gestation. Sows were allotted at farrowing to four dietary valine concentrations, .80, .95, 1.10, and 1.25%. Crystalline L-valine replaced cornstarch to maintain a constant ratio of corn:soybean meal across diets. Dietary lysine, provided by corn, soybean meal, and. 15% crystalline L-lysine [multiplied by] HCl, was .90% in all diets. Sows were allowed ad libitum access to feed. Sows were weighed within 24 h after farrowing, and all litters were adjusted to [is greater than or equal to] 10 pigs/litter by d 2 following farrowing. Average sow parity, number of pigs on d 2, and lactation length for the four treatments were, respectively, 2.3, 2.3, 2.3, 2.5; 10.9, 10.8, 10.8, 10.7; and 25.1, 24.5, 25.2, 25.0 d. The ADFI during lactation was 5.87, 5.77, 5.87, and 5.74 kg (P [is greater than] .50); hence, valine intakes were 41, 48, 55, and 61 g/d (linear, P [is less than] .01). Lysine intake ranged from 51.5 to 52.7 g/d (P [is greater than] .50). Sow weight after farrowing averaged 198 kg (P [is greater than] .60). Overall pig survival to weaning was high ([is greater than] 92%), and the number of pigs weaned (10.1, 10.3, 10.3, 10.3) did not differ (P [is greater than] .30) among treatments. Litter weaning weights (73.6, 73.6, 74.5, 72.6 kg), litter weight gains (55.1, 55.1, 56.0, 54.1 kg), sow weight change during lactation (-4.9, -5.4, -4.8, -6.3 kg), and return-to-estrus interval (7.5, 6.4, 6.9, 8.2 d) were not affected (P [is greater than] .30) by dietary valine. There were no station x treatment interactions (P [is greater than] .50). These results indicate no benefit of elevated dietary valine for lactating sows nursing [is greater than or equal to] 10 pigs and consuming a corn-soybean meal diet containing .90% lysine and .80% valine. Key Words: Lactation, Lysine, Sows, Valine

Published
2000

20. Comparison of dietary selenium fed to grower-finisher pigs from various regions of the United States on resulting tissue Se and loin mineral concentrations

Author

Mahan, D. C., Brendemuhl, J. H., Carter, S. D., Chiba, L. I., Crenshaw, T. D., Cromwell, G. L., Dove, C. R., Harper, A. F., Hill, G. M., Hollis, G. R., Sung Woo Kim, Lindemann, M. D., Maxwell, C. V., Miller, P. S., Nelssen, J. L., Richert, B. T., Southern, L. L., Stahly, T. S., Stein, H. H., Heugten, E., and Yen, J. T.

Subjects
Minerals, Meat, Swine, Statistics as Topic, Heart, Animal Feed, United States, Selenium, Sodium Selenite, Liver, Food, Fortified, Linear Models, Animals, Hair
Abstract

A study was conducted to evaluate the mineral content of pork tissue with particular emphasis on Se between various states (regions) having different diet (grain) indigenous Se concentrations. The study involved 19 states in the north, central, and southern regions of the United States, with committee members of NCR-42 and S-1012 (formerly S-288). A total of 62 pigs were used, with collaborators sending 100-g samples each of loin, heart, and liver, and a 3- to 4-g sample of hair (collected along the topline) from two to five market-weight pigs to a common laboratory for analysis. Diets at each station were formulated with locally purchased soybean meal and grain that was either grown or normally fed to pigs within their state. Tissues were analyzed for Se, but only the loin was analyzed for the macro- and micromineral elements. Correlation of dietary minerals to the tissue element was determined. The results demonstrated differences in tissue Se among states (P0.01), with high correlations of dietary Se to loin (r = 0.84; P0.01), heart (r = 0.84; P0.01), liver (r = 0.83; P0.01), and hair Se (r = 0.90; P0.01) concentrations. The correlation of hair Se to the Se concentration of loin, heart, and liver tissues was high (r0.90; P0.01). States in the west-central region of the United States and west of the Mississippi river had higher dietary Se and tissue Se concentrations than states in the eastern section of the Corn Belt, east of the Mississippi river, and along the East Coast. Generally, states did not differ greatly in their loin macro- and micromineral concentrations. The simple correlation of dietary minerals to their corresponding loin mineral concentration was generally non-significant, but most macrominerals had decreasing mineral concentrations when the dietary mineral level was higher. These results indicate that regional differences in tissue Se were influenced more by the indigenous Se content of the diet (grain) fed to the pigs than from sodium selenite.

Published
2005

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