117 results on '"Richard E. Wood"'
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2. Dexmedetomidine Infusion for Analgesia Up to 48 Hours After Lung Surgery Performed by Lateral Thoracotomy
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H. A. Tillmann Hein, A.Carl Henry, Jack Stecher, Robert F. Hebeler, Michael A. E. Ramsay, Barbara Leeper, Kate B. Newman, Richard E Wood, Harry Kourlis, and Baron L. Hamman
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medicine.medical_specialty ,Respiratory rate ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Sedation ,Analgesic ,General Medicine ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Placebo ,Surgery ,Multipatient Studies ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Blood pressure ,Anesthesia ,medicine ,Respiratory function ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Thoracotomy ,Dexmedetomidine ,medicine.symptom ,business ,medicine.drug - Abstract
Patients undergoing a lateral thoracotomy for pulmonary resection have moderate to severe pain postoperatively that is often treated with opioids. Opioid side effects such as respiratory depression can be devastating in patients with already compromised respiratory function. This prospective double-blinded clinical trial examined the analgesic effects and safety of a dexmedetomidine infusion for postthoracotomy patients when administered on a telemetry nursing floor, 24 to 48 hours after surgery, to determine if the drug's known early opioid-sparing properties were maintained. Thirty-eight thoracotomy patients were administered dexmedetomidine intraoperatively and overnight postoperatively and then randomized to receive placebo or dexmedetomidine titrated from 0.1 to 0.5 μg·kg·h(-1) the day following surgery for up to 24 hours on a telemetry floor. Opioids via a patient-controlled analgesia pump were available for both groups, and vital signs including transcutaneous carbon dioxide, pulse oximetry, respiratory rate, and pain and sedation scores were monitored. The dexmedetomidine group used 41% less opioids but achieved pain scores equal to those of the placebo group. The mean heart rate and systolic blood pressure were lower in the dexmedetomidine group but sedation scores were better. The mean respiratory rate and oxygen saturation were similar in the two groups. Mild hypercarbia occurred in both groups, but periods of significant respiratory depression were noted only in the placebo group. Significant hypotension was noted in one patient in the dexmedetomidine group in conjunction with concomitant administration of a beta-blocker agent. The placebo group reported a higher number of opioid-related adverse events. In conclusion, the known opioid-sparing properties of dexmedetomidine in the immediate postoperative period are maintained over 48 hours.
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- 2014
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3. Cardiopulmonary bypass and mitral valve replacement during pregnancy
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Virginia A Chase, Michael A Duncan, Richard E Wood, Thomas P. Meyers, Randy J. Marcel, and Steven W Sutton
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Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular ,Pulmonary Edema ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,law.invention ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Pregnancy ,law ,Cardiopulmonary bypass ,Humans ,Medicine ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation ,Advanced and Specialized Nursing ,Body surface area ,Fetus ,Cardiopulmonary Bypass ,business.industry ,Extracorporeal circulation ,Infant, Newborn ,Pregnancy Outcome ,Mitral valve replacement ,Mitral Valve Insufficiency ,Gestational age ,General Medicine ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,030228 respiratory system ,Anesthesia ,Gestation ,Female ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Safety Research - Abstract
Gravid patient cardiopulmonary bypass remains a high- risk procedure with regard to fetal preservation. Maternal mortality is similar to that of the nonpregnant female at 1.5-5%. However, fetal mortality remains high at 16-33%, with an average of 19% over the past 25 years, with no correlation to gestational age. Teratogenesis is a major consideration in the first trimester. Variations in the timing of surgical intervention, gestational age, maternal health status, type of procedure, pre- or post- organogenesis, perfusion protocol, and pharmaceutical therapy are all factors that can influence fetomaternal outcome. In this report, we present a literature review along with our experience of a 26-year-old female who developed complications with her pregnancy at approximately 17 weeks gestation, with adverse neurological sequelae. The patient was 152 cm in height and weighed 48 kg, with a calculated body surface area of 1.40 M2. She had no prior history of cardiac disease and, upon admission to our institution, presented with a declining health status in pulmonary edema and was treated medically, with an ultimate requirement for mitral valve replacement. The total cardiopulmonary bypass time was 99 min with an aortic crossclamp time of 83 min. The literature, as expected, is limited to case reports and reviews since a controlled clinical trial during pregnancy is nonexistent, using extracorporeal circulation. This greatly challenges the medical staff in managing such difficult cases, with an incidence of heart disease during pregnancy of 1.2-3.7%.
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- 2005
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4. Clinical benefits of leukocyte filtration during valve surgery
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Baron L. Hamman, Harold C. Urschel, Amy N Patel, Steven W Sutton, Amit N. Patel, Sheryl Livingston, Richard E Wood, Robert F. Hebeler, E. K. Hunley, and A.Carl Henry
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Adult ,Male ,Aortic valve ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,law.invention ,Leukocyte Count ,law ,Mitral valve ,Leukocytes ,medicine ,Cardiopulmonary bypass ,Humans ,Heart valve ,Aged ,Aged, 80 and over ,Cardiopulmonary Bypass ,Tricuspid valve ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,Middle Aged ,Heart Valves ,Intensive care unit ,Surgery ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Arterial blood ,Female ,business ,Complication ,Filtration - Abstract
Background The accumulation of activated leukocytes in the pulmonary circulation plays an important role in the pathogenesis of lung dysfunction associated with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Patients undergoing valve surgery have prolonged CPB owing to the complexity of the surgery. The goal of this study is to determine if arterial leukocyte filters during CPB improve clinical outcomes after valve surgery. Methods A prospective analysis of all patients receiving only valve surgery with leukocyte arterial filters from June 1999 to June 2002 was compared with a case matched cohort during the same time period. Two hundred fifty patients were identified and compared with a cohort who did not have leukocyte filters used during CPB. The following study points were evaluated preoperatively and postoperatively: white blood cell count, platelet count, arterial blood gas, time to extubation, intensive care unit stay, and total length of hospital stay. Results There were 500 patients in the study. The following valve operations were performed: 92 mitral valve replacements, 168 aortic valve replacements, 152 mitral valve repairs, 80 combined valve repair/replacements, and 8 tricuspid valve repairs, all evenly divided between the two treatment limbs. Patients with leukocyte filters had the following findings compared with nonfilter patients: The time to extubation 10.3 versus 16.2 hours ( P = 0.009), postoperative respiratory quotient 407 versus 320 ( P = 0.02), total length of stay 5.4 versus 7.2 days ( P = 0.04). Conclusions The use of arterial leukocyte filters in patients undergoing valve surgery leads to earlier extubation, improved oxygenation, and a decreased length of stay. Leukocyte filters should be used during CPB for patients having valve surgery.
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- 2003
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5. Surgical Management of Esophageal Carcinoma
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Richard E. Wood, Amit N. Patel, Robert F. Hebeler, John T. Preskitt, Joseph A. Kuhn, and Harold C. Urschel
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medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Achalasia ,Cancer ,Heartburn ,Articles ,General Medicine ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Esophageal cancer ,medicine.disease ,Gastroenterology ,digestive system diseases ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Dysplasia ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Carcinoma ,Adenocarcinoma ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Esophagus ,medicine.symptom ,business - Abstract
Adenocarcinoma, typically in the distal third of the esopha- gus, and squamous cell carcinoma, typically in the proximal two thirds of the esophagus, each make up 49% of cases of esophageal cancer. The remaining cancers in this area include sarcoma (1%), lymphoma (0.5%), cylindroma (0.25%), and primary melanoma (0.25%) (1). The incidence of adenocarcinoma is clearly increas- ing; it will soon become the most prevalent type of cancer of the esophagus. No malignant tumor in the past 25 years has increased in incidence as much as adenocarcinoma of the esophagus. The primary risk of adenocarcinoma is related to the duration and se- verity of gastric-esophageal reflux and the progression of mucosal changes from Barrett's esophagus to dysplasia to adenocarcinoma. Early detection is the most important factor in determining sur- vival. Most patients present with stage IIB to stage IV disease, and most disease occurs at the gastroesophageal junction. Among patients with Barrett's esophagus, the risk of devel- oping adenocarcinoma is 0.2% to 2.1% each year; 77% of patients with adenocarcinoma have had Barrett's esophagus. Endoscopy with systematic biopsy cannot reliably exclude the presence of occult adenocarcinoma, since it could miss adenocarcinoma lo- cated somewhere else in that region. Forty percent of patients with Barrett's esophagus and dysplasia have invasive carcinoma in the resected specimen. The incidence of squamous cell carcinoma, which used to be the major cause of esophageal cancer, has significantly decreased. The decrease may be related to reductions in risk factors, which include smoking, excessive alcohol use, caustic lye injury or ther- mal injury, diet, obesity, achalasia, and tylosis. Typical symptoms of esophageal cancer include difficulty swallowing, with a feeling of fullness, pressure, burning, or cough- ing; a feeling of both liquids and solids becoming stuck behind the sternum; indigestion; emesis; and weight loss. Many patients attribute their symptoms to heartburn and do not seek the medi- cal care they need.
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- 2003
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6. Operative therapy of coronary arterial aneurysm
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Stephen B Johnston, William C. Roberts, Richard E Wood, and Safoora Harandi
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Male ,Cardiac Catheterization ,medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Coronary Angiography ,Aneurysm ,Coronary Aneurysms ,medicine ,Humans ,Saphenous Vein ,Coronary Artery Bypass ,Aged ,Cardiac catheterization ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Vascular disease ,business.industry ,Coronary Aneurysm ,Follow up studies ,Arterial aneurysm ,Magnetic resonance imaging ,medicine.disease ,Magnetic Resonance Imaging ,Surgery ,Operative therapy ,Radiology ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
In summary, a patient with multiple coronary aneurysms and operative therapy is described and 17 previously reported similar cases are reviewed. The proper type of operation for this condition is as yet unclear, but, nevertheless, the reported cases and our case with operative therapy have done well postoperatively despite a variety of procedures performed.
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- 1999
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7. Gathering to His Name: The Story of Open Brethren in Britain and Ireland. By Tim Grass. Studies in Evangelical History and Thought. Milton Keynes, U.K.: Paternoster, 2006. xx + 593 pp. £29.95; $49.99 paper
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Richard E. Wood
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Cultural Studies ,History ,Philosophy ,Religious studies ,Theology - Published
- 2007
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8. Transmyocardial Laser Revascularization Causes Sustained VEGF Secretion
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Harry Kourlis, Robert F. Hebeler, Baron L. Hamman, Edson H. Cheung, Thomas P. Meyers, Richard E Wood, Allan M. Lansing, and Cory H. White
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Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ,Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,media_common.quotation_subject ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Revascularization ,Angina ,chemistry.chemical_compound ,Internal medicine ,Myocardial Revascularization ,medicine ,Humans ,Angina, Unstable ,Thoracotomy ,media_common ,Ejection fraction ,business.industry ,Unstable angina ,Convalescence ,General Medicine ,Carbon Dioxide ,medicine.disease ,Vascular endothelial growth factor ,Treatment Outcome ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,chemistry ,Case-Control Studies ,Cardiology ,Surgery ,Laser Therapy ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Artery - Abstract
Transmyocardial laser revascularization (TMR) using a carbon dioxide (CO(2)) laser has been shown to relieve angina, increase vascular density, and improve myocardial contraction. A study of 28 patients receiving TMR was conducted to monitor vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) levels with the goal of clarifying the relationship between TMR, the amelioration of angina, and vascular density. Serum VEGF levels were measured during four periods (preoperative, postoperative, convalescence, and late) in these 28 patients who received sole therapy TMR for un-revascularizable ischemic angina and the levels were compared with the control group consisting of 10 nonischemic thoracotomy patients. Twelve of the 28 patients had previous coronary artery bypass graft(s); 10 had unstable angina, and 1 had an ejection fraction less than 30%. Overall, angina class was reduced from 3.8 +/- 0.9 to 1.0 +/- 0.9 (P0.01) at the 1-year follow-up. There were no perioperative mortalities; however, there was one late mortality. The results show that VEGF levels were higher in the convalescence and late periods. Specifically in the late period, VEGF levels in TMR therapy patients surpassed those of the control group and normalized VEGF levels were three times higher in the late period than preoperatively. The sustained VEGF secretion observed in this study may help to explain why CO(2) TMR therapy causes locally increased vascular density and angina relief.
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- 2006
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9. Postoperative chylothorax successfully treated using conservative strategies
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Lam Le, Victoria Stager, and Richard E. Wood
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medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Chylothorax ,Mediastinal mass ,General Medicine ,Articles ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,medicine.disease ,Thoracic duct ,Surgery ,Resection ,Natural history ,Sepsis ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Parenteral nutrition ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Cardiothoracic surgery ,medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,business - Abstract
The anatomy of the thoracic duct varies considerably, rendering it prone to disruption during thoracic surgery. Chylothorax complicates up to 0.5% of all intrathoracic procedures, its morbidity requiring the surgeon's vigilance throughout the entire course of the patient's illness. The natural history of chylothorax includes cardiopulmonary dysfunction, immunosuppression, nutritional and electrolyte derangements, and, ultimately, sepsis and death. General criteria for conservative management of thoracic duct injuries have been described in surgical literature, yet in selecting the best treatment for the patient, surgeons rely heavily on their own experience and the patient's unique presentation. A variety of conservative strategies may be implemented with success in approximately 50% of all cases. The duration of conservative treatment may vary, but the futility of conservative efforts should be recognized early and surgical intervention not delayed. We report a case of a 42-year-old man who presented at our institution with chylothorax after posterior mediastinal mass resection. The patient was treated successfully by withholding oral food and fluids, instituting total parenteral nutrition, and draining with a thoracostomy tube. He was discharged home with a complete resolution of chylothorax on hospital day 8. We describe the patient's illness course and discuss current strategies in the conservative management of thoracic duct injury after mediastinal resection.
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- 2010
10. Clinical benefits of continuous leukocyte filtration during cardiopulmonary bypass in patients undergoing valvular repair or replacement
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L. W. Yancey, Edson H. Cheung, L. A. Schmidt, Amit N. Patel, Virginia A Chase, E. K. Hunley, Thomas P. Meyers, Richard E Wood, Robert F. Hebeler, A. C. Henry, and Steven W Sutton
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Time Factors ,Population ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Leukocyte filtration ,law.invention ,Cohort Studies ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Contact surfaces ,law ,medicine ,Cardiopulmonary bypass ,Humans ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,In patient ,education ,Organ system ,Retrospective Studies ,Advanced and Specialized Nursing ,Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation ,education.field_of_study ,Cardiopulmonary Bypass ,business.industry ,General Medicine ,Length of Stay ,Middle Aged ,Heart Valves ,Surgery ,Extracorporeal perfusion ,Increased risk ,Treatment Outcome ,030228 respiratory system ,Anesthesia ,Female ,Leukocyte Reduction Procedures ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Safety Research ,Ventilator Weaning - Abstract
Valve operations in the form of repair or replacement make up a significant population of patients undergoing surgical procedures in the USA annually with the use of cardiopulmonary bypass. These patients experience a wide range of complications that are considered to be mediated by activation of complement and leukocytes. The extracorporeal perfusion circuit consists of multiple synthetic artificial surfaces. The biocompatibility of the blood contact surfaces is a variable that predisposes patients to an increased risk of complement mediation and activation. This can result in an inflammatory process, causing leukocytes to proliferate and sequester in the major organ systems. The purpose of this study was to determine whether filtration of activated leukocytes improved clinical outcomes following surgical intervention for valve repair or replacement. In this paper, we report a retrospective matched cohort study of 700 patients who underwent valve procedures from June 1999 to December 2002. The control group (CG) consisted of patients who had a conventional arterial line filter. In the study group (SG), patients had a conventional arterial line filter and a leukocyte arterial line filter (Pall Medical, NY). In the SG, blood diverted to the cardioplegia system was also leukocyte depleted to enhance myocardial preservation by adapting this device to the outflow port on the filter. Patient characteristics were similar for the SG and the CG, including 228 males and 122 females, mean age (62.4 versus 64.2 years), cardiopulmonary bypass time (1279/64 versus 1169/53 min), and aortic crossclamp time (849/23 versus 819/23 min). Our results demonstrate that the SG achieved statistically significant reduction in the time to extubation ( p=0.03) and the number of patients with prolonged intubation in excess of 24 hours ( p=0.04), in addition to improved postoperative oxygenation ( p=0.01), and decreased length of hospital stay ( p=0.03). We believe that leukocyte filters are clinically beneficial, as demonstrated by the results presented in this study.
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- 2005
11. Epicardial atrial defibrillation: successful treatment of postoperative atrial fibrillation
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Amit N. Patel, Harold C. Urschel, Baron L. Hamman, Brittany A Willey, Richard E Wood, Carol Ann Cockerham, Robert F. Hebeler, and Amy N Patel
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Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Defibrillation ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Electric Countershock ,Cardioversion ,Postoperative Complications ,Recurrence ,Internal medicine ,Atrial Fibrillation ,medicine ,Humans ,Sinus rhythm ,Prospective Studies ,Cardiac Surgical Procedures ,Stroke ,Aged ,Fibrillation ,business.industry ,Atrial fibrillation ,Length of Stay ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Cardiac surgery ,Treatment Outcome ,Anesthesia ,Cardiology ,Surgery ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Complication ,Pericardium - Abstract
Background Atrial fibrillation is the most common complication after cardiac surgery. Current medical treatment using antiarrhythmics and anticoagulants has a significant morbidity. The goal of this study was to determine if epicardial atrial defibrillation can be safely performed and return patients to sinus rhythm. Methods A prospective analysis of patients undergoing cardiac surgery was performed. Patients with a prior pacemaker/defibrillator, history of arrhythmia, preoperative antiarrhythmic, age greater than 85 years, history of stroke, or intraaortic balloon pump were excluded. Temporary epicardial atrial cardioversion wires were placed on the right and left atrium. Bipolar atrial and ventricular pacing wires were also placed. The wires were tested in the operating room. Patients who went into postoperative arial fibrillation were cardioverted with 3 J, 6 J, or 9 J. Results There were 45 patients enrolled. Sixteen patients (35%) went into postoperative arial fibrillation during their hospital stay. Mean time to onset of arial fibrillation was 2.6 ± 1.4 days after surgery. Fifteen patients were successfully cardioverted to sinus rhythm on the primary cardioversion, with mean of 5.7 ± 2.4 J. One patient was cardioverted at 6 hours after onset of arial fibrillation, at 6 J. Recurrent arial fibrillation occurred in 4 patients during their hospital stay. All 4 of these patients were cardioverted with a mean of 6.4 ± 2.6 J. All wires were removed the day before patients were discharged. There were no complications with wire insertion or removal. There were no adverse neurologic events. The mean hospital stay was 5.1 ± 2.2 days. All patients were in sinus rhythm at 1 month follow-up. Conclusions The use of a temporary atrial defibrillator to resynchronize patients in postoperative arial fibrillation is safe and effective.
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- 2004
12. Successful diagnosis of penetrating cardiac injury using surgeon-performed sonography
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Michael L. Foreman, Amit N. Patel, Christopher Brennig, Mathew A Lovitt, Harold C. Urschel, Richard E. Wood, and Jody Cotner
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Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Wounds, Penetrating ,Sensitivity and Specificity ,law.invention ,Morbid obesity ,law ,Predictive Value of Tests ,medicine ,Humans ,False Positive Reactions ,Retrospective Studies ,Ultrasonography ,business.industry ,Trauma center ,Retrospective cohort study ,medicine.disease ,Intensive care unit ,Surgery ,Heart Injuries ,Parasternal line ,Heart failure ,Predictive value of tests ,Injury Severity Score ,Female ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business - Abstract
Background Patients with penetrating cardiac injuries have a high mortality. The utilization of sonography in these patients may lead to earlier diagnosis and definitive surgical intervention. Methods A retrospective review of all patients admitted to a level I trauma center were examined from March 1996 to March 2001 (17,241 patients). Patients were identified with penetrating thoracic injuries and were evaluated for mechanism of injury, sonographic findings (subxiphoid and parasternal windows), injury severity score, length of stay, and mortality. Surgeons performed all sonography. Results There were 478 patients who underwent sonography for penetrating thoracic injuries. Twenty-three patients were identified with positive sonographic findings. Subsequently 20 patients had a cardiac injury at surgery. There were no missed injuries. The 3 patients with false positive findings had congestive heart failure (2 patients) and morbid obesity (1 patient). Mean time to operation was 13 minutes. Mean injury severity score was 33. Mean intensive care unit and hospital stay was 3.1 days and 7.2 days respectively. Sonography had a specificity of 99.3% and sensitivity of 100% for identifying penetrating cardiac injury and a positive predictive value of 87% and negative predictive value of 100%. There were no hospital deaths. Conclusions Early diagnosis and management using surgeon performed sonography may reduce the high mortality associated with penetrating cardiac injury.
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- 2003
13. Prospective analysis of endoscopic vein harvesting
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Lu Liu, Amit N. Patel, Melody Williams, Richard E Wood, Robert F. Hebeler, Carol Hunnicutt, and Baron L. Hamman
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Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Bypass grafting ,Vein harvesting ,Prospective analysis ,Postoperative Complications ,medicine ,Humans ,Saphenous Vein ,Derivation ,Prospective Studies ,Coronary Artery Bypass ,Vein ,Early Ambulation ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Vascular disease ,Endoscopy ,General Medicine ,Length of Stay ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Tissue and Organ Harvesting ,Female ,business ,Artery - Abstract
Background: Utilization of bridging vein harvesting (BVH) of saphenous vein grafts (SVG) for coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) results in large wounds with great potential for pain and infection. Endoscopic vein harvesting (EVH) may significantly reduce the morbidity associated with SVG harvesting. Methods: A prospective database of 200 matched patients receiving EVH and BVH was compared. The patients all underwent CABG done over a period of 4 months (April to August 2000). Patients were excluded if they had prior vein harvesting. Results: The EVH and BVH group included 100 patients each with similar demographics. The patients in the EVH group had significantly fewer wound complications, mean days to ambulation, and total length of stay (P
- Published
- 2002
14. Quaker Aesthetics: Reflections on a Quaker Ethic in American Design and Consumption. Edited by Emma Jones Lapsansky and Anne M. Verplank. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 2003. xiv + 394 pp. $35.00 cloth
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Richard E. Wood
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Cultural Studies ,History ,Religious studies ,Environmental ethics ,Consumption (sociology) - Published
- 2004
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15. Poster presentation 2002
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A. Cary Henry, Steven W Sutton, Q. Chen, Robert F. Hebeler, Piya Samankatiwat, Lori A. Schmidt, Lloyd W. Yancey, Baron L. Hamman, V. Clinton, Amit N. Patel, Edson H. Cheung, E. K. Hunley, S. Shepard, and Richard E. Wood
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Advanced and Specialized Nursing ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Presentation ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,medicine ,Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Medical physics ,General Medicine ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Safety Research ,media_common - Published
- 2003
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16. Earlham College: A History, 1847–1997. By Thomas D. Hamm. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1997. xvii + 448 pp. $35.00 cloth
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Richard E. Wood
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Cultural Studies ,History ,Religious studies ,Theology - Published
- 1998
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17. A Community of Memory: My Days with George and Clara. By Jeff Gundy. Urbana, 111.: University of Illinois Press, 1996. xvi + 158 pp. $14.95
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Richard E. Wood
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Cultural Studies ,History ,GEORGE (programming language) ,Political economy ,Religious studies ,Humanities - Published
- 1997
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18. J. Walter Malone: The Autobiography of an Evangelical Quaker (review)
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Richard E. Wood
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History ,Biography ,General Medicine ,Theology - Published
- 1994
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19. The Quaker Peace Testimony, 1660 to 1914. By Peter Brock. York, England: Sessions Book Trust, 1990. North American distributor: Syracuse University Press, viii + 387 pp. $40.00 cloth; $19.95 paper
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Richard E. Wood
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Cultural Studies ,History ,Peace Testimony ,Religious studies ,Media studies - Published
- 1993
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20. Indiana Quakers Confront the Civil War (review)
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Richard E. Wood
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Spanish Civil War ,Political science ,Law ,General Medicine - Published
- 1992
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21. Magdalena Jaakkola. Spräkgränsen. En studie i tvdsprdkighetens sociologi
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Richard E. Wood
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Linguistics and Language ,Communication - Abstract
En 1809, unueca finnlingva zono estis politike dividita. La tiamaj 7000 finnlingvanoj, kiuj estis aljugitaj al Svedujo kaj dividitaj de la nun rusiginta Finnlando, igis tipa celandlima minoritato. La studo de Jaakkola, tradukita el la finna, pristudas la evoluon de la Torne-valo el feǔda stato - ankoraǔ meze de la 19-a jarcento - en kiu la svedaj regantoj kaj la finnaj kamparanoj interkomunikis per interpretistoj, al la stadio de la filozofio de la 19-a jarcento - unulingva nacia stato, kun persona fidelo de la opa civitano, ankau lingva fidelo. Estis epoko de sveda naciismo kaj suspektemo rilate al la finnlingvanoj de la landlima zono, kun ties naturaj ligoj al la finnoj sub rusa regado. La evoluo iris de tiu diglosio al diglosio kun samtempa dulingvismo; poste al dulingvismo sen diglosio, kiam la finnlingvanoj lernis la svedan por povi labor1 ankau en la sudo. Se la evoluo tiel daurus, neeviteble estigus sveda unulingveco.Nur se la stato sangos sian politikon oni povos eviti la formorton de la finna. Estas kelkaj indikoj de pli liberala sinteno. Ekzemple, oni acetas finnajn bibliotekajn librojn, oni ne plu punas infanojn, kiuj dum lerneja pauzo parolas finne. Sed la instruistoj plej ofte nur scipovas la svedan, kaj instruas per gi. Ne la lernejo nun enkondukas la dulingvecon - la plejmultaj infanoj jam eniras la lernejon, scipovantaj la svedan. La libro entenas valoran statistikon. Mankas tamen atento al la sendube okazinta kaj okazanta translokigo de la lingva limo. La statistikaj unuoj, akceptitaj de Jaakkola, estas administraj, do nenecese socilingvistikaj. Favoraj faktoroj al la finna estas la spektebleco de la finna televido kaj la finna literaturo de loka religia sekto. Per tio, oni normigas la lokan finnan al la finna modelo. Sed la estonteco de la lingvo mem estas necerta.
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- 1978
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22. Teaching Francophonie With Postage Stamps
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Richard E. Wood
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Foreign culture ,Cultural influence ,Linguistics and Language ,Educational media ,Postage Stamps ,Teaching method ,Cultural education ,Pedagogy ,Language education ,Psychology ,Education ,Language instruction - Published
- 1979
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23. Colloque pour la recherche des éléments d'une coopération linguistique et culturelle franco-polonaise. Tenu à Paris les 5, 6, 7 novembre 1974 sous les auspices du Haut Comité de la langue françaiseColloque pour la recherche des éléments d'une coopération linguistique et culturelle franco-polonaise. Tenu à Paris les 5, 6, 7 novembre 1974 sous les auspices du Haut Comité de la langue française. Paris: Association Linguistique Franco-Européenne, 1975. pp. 89, paper
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Richard E. Wood
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Cultural Studies ,History ,Anthropology - Published
- 1976
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24. Reviews
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Margaret M. Bryant, Kenneth C. Rothacker, Richard E. Wood, and Louis F. Sas
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Linguistics and Language ,Language and Linguistics - Published
- 1979
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25. Evangelical Quaker Acculturation in the Upper Mississippi Valley, 1850-1875
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Richard E. Wood
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Politics ,Optimism ,History ,Perfectionism (philosophy) ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Gender studies ,Optimal distinctiveness theory ,Compassion ,General Medicine ,Vitality ,Period (music) ,Acculturation ,media_common - Abstract
Though the most visible Quakers today are still the most distinctive ones, the majority in this denominational cluster came to stand on common ground with other evangelical Protestants in America in the period 1850 to 1875. They adopted revival methods and grew in numbers while declining in distinctiveness. Most Friends from Ohio to Kansas, numbering perhaps 30,000 in the 1850s, had followed the lead of English Quaker Joseph John Gurney in building stronger ties with other Christians who, inspired with millennial optimism and moral perfectionism, were endeavoring to re-shape American society in accordance with their ideals.1 Reassured about a strategy of religious acculturation by the spiritual vitality and social compassion of their evangelical associates, midwestern Friends gradually gave up their traditional quest of purity through isolation and came to share much more than before the economic, educational, and political attitudes of other revivalistic Protestants.2
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- 1987
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26. Wegwijs in woordenboeken. Een kritisch overzicht van de lexicografie van het Nederlands (review)
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Richard E. Wood
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Linguistics and Language ,Communication ,Language and Linguistics - Published
- 1984
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27. Reviews
- Author
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Richard E. Wood, Margaret M. Bryant, Ladislav Zgusta, and Herbert Pilch
- Subjects
Linguistics and Language ,Language and Linguistics - Published
- 1980
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28. Kenneth Katzner,The Languages of the World; Heinz Kloss and Grant D. McConnell, eds.,The Written Languages of the World, Vol. I; andLinguistic Composition of the Nations of the World, Vol. 2; C. F. and F. M. Voegelin, Classification and Index of the World's Languages
- Author
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Richard E. Wood
- Subjects
Linguistics and Language ,Index (publishing) ,Philosophy ,Composition (language) ,Language and Linguistics ,Linguistics - Abstract
(1979). Kenneth Katzner, The Languages of the World; Heinz Kloss and Grant D. McConnell, eds., The Written Languages of the World, Vol. I; and Linguistic Composition of the Nations of the World, Vol. 2; C. F. and F. M. Voegelin, Classification and Index of the World's Languages. WORD: Vol. 30, No. 3, pp. 294-301.
- Published
- 1979
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29. Twenty-one Recent Scandinavian Books on Language Policy (Re-cenza eseo/Review Essay)
- Author
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Richard E. Wood
- Subjects
Linguistics and Language ,Communication ,Philosophy ,Humanities - Abstract
Dudek unu latatempaj skandinavaj libroj pri lingvopolitiko Danaj, norvegaj kaj svedaj esploristoj nun dedicas sin al la lingvoplanado, lingvopolitiko kaj socilingvistiko. Ekzistas komunaj trajtoj, sed la elirpunkto varias inter la tri landoj. En Danlando daŭre regas la tradicia teoria lingvistiko, al kiu la grandaj danaj lingvistoj tiom kontribuis. Krome, la dana socio estas kulture, lingve kaj etne pli unueca ol la nor-vega au sveda. Do vere socilingvistika esplorado apenaŭ komencigis en Danlando, kon-traste al Svedujo. Tipa norvega trajto estas forta interesigo pri la-lingva politiko. Norvegaj lingvoplanistoj kaj lingvaj politikistoj sercas alilandajn situaciojn, kiuj iel similas al la norvega posedo de du konfliktaj sed tamen rilataj kaj interkompreneblaj normaj lingvoj. Pluraj norvegaj lingvopolitikistoj ne estas neŭtralaj, sed forte subtenas la lingvonormon nynorsk. Tamen, nur scienca sinteno povas helpi ilin esplori sintenojn al la lingvo kaj la fakto-rojn, kiuj ciam pli malfortigas la nynorsk. La sveda socilingvistiko jam trapasis la stadion de tradukado kaj interpretado de la angla-lingva socilingvistiko. Gi eniris stadion de gravaj, grandskalaj socilingvistikaj projektoj. La tuto fluas el socidemokratia kredo je la rajto de ciu al egala edukado, al atento ciam pli forta al enlandaj sociaj problemoj, kontraste kun la antaŭa pli forta atento al eksterlandaj problem oj. Nun ope al la libroj. Tiu de la dano Bang estas la plej teoria kaj fake lingvistika, reko-mendita nur al samfakuloj. Bang respondas al la anglalingvaj socilingvistoj, traktante Bernstein reprezenta. Ni esperu, ke en Danlando baldaŭ komencigu socilingvistika es-plorado. Jam antaŭe ni notis la laudindan funkciadon de la Dana Lingva Konsilantaro. Du jar-raportoj indikas gian pluan laboron de lingvoplana agado en alte evoluiginta lando kun edukita publiko konscia pri lingvaj demandoj. La Konsilantaro povas fari rekomendojn, sed ne ciam sangi la lingvajn kutimojn de la dana publiko. Ni elcktis recenzi du librojn pri instruado de fremdaj lingvoj, guste la du plej lernataj en svedaj lernejoj, la angla kaj germana. La germana multe malkreskis lastatempe kompare kun la angla, kaj kelkaj svedoj ec volas gin anstataui per iu ne-europa lingvo. Tamen la germana restas ekonomie kaj alie grava al svedoj. La libro de Erasmie fontas el la parlamenta decido enkonduki sistemon de lernejoj, ofertantaj egalan oportunon de edukado al ciu svedo. La rezultoj de la esploro iom respondas, laŭ Erasmie, al tiuj de la anglalingvaj socilingvistoj. Specimenoj de la testilo permesas al la leganto prijugi lian labormetodon. Bengt Loman estas grava figuro en la transdono de la usona kaj brita socilingvistiko al Svedujo. Li mem partoprenis en usonaj lingvaj projektoj kaj interpretis la verkaron de Labov kaj de la brito Bernstein. N-ro 2 en la serio "lingvo kaj socio" traktas la Torne-valon, kie denaskaj finnlingvanoj logas en teritorio, kie la sveda estas la prestiga lingvo. La esploro enketas, cu tie ekzistas t.n. "duon-lingveco." Estas bone rimarki la parto-prenon de unu dana lingvisto. Ni esperu, ke post reiro al Danlando li starigos sociling-vistikajn projektojn tie. Inter la kunlaborantoj de la alia libro redaktita de Loman, N-ro 3, ni notas kontribuinton al la nuna numéro de LPLP, Mirja Saari. La libro temas pri la socia variado de la parollingva sintakso. Oni atentas interalie la socian enklasigon de la svedoj kaj finnoj, kompare al sugestitaj sociaj kategoriigoj de britoj kaj usonanoj. La norvegaj libroj en la nuna recenza eseo estas pli klare politikaj, ol la svedaj kaj da-naj. Tio aparté pravas ce la du libroj el la serio Orion. "Libro pri Ivar Aasen", do pri la cefa iniciatinto de la lingvonormo nynorsk, estas bona, sed ne neùtrala, praktika stu-do pri lingvoplanado, lingvoreformo kaj la funkciado de lingva movado en unu lando. Gi méritas alilingvan tradukon, sed nur zorge de redaktisto, kiu interpretu la kulturan kaj lingvan fonon al alilandaj legantoj. La anglalingva libro pri "la novnorvega lingvo-movado" estas informa, sed la aûtoro Vik^r estas neniel neùtrala, ec rekte erariga, car duon-informa, pri terminologie Temas pri lingvopolitika manifesto. La kolekto redaktita de Vik$r, pri "lingvopolitiko en kvin kontinentoj", celas vastan legantaron da subtenantoj de nynorsk. Gi konsistas el neoriginala materialo, cefe digesto de jamaj anglaj au germanaj studoj, kune kun pli interesaj originalaj capitroj, cefe tiu pri la islanda lingvopolitiko de H. Sand0y. Sand^y forigas la miskomprenojn, ke Islando estas idéale senklasa lando, ke la lingvo senparalele rezistas fremdajn pruntvortojn, ke la junaj islandanoj estas poetoj kaj literaturaj kleruloj. Maie, laû Sand0y, ec ekzistas cefurba angligita jargono, lernejanoj ofte eraras pri la malnovmoda ortografio, la popolo rezistas la purismajn oficialajn neologismojn, kaj uzas pruntvortojn. Lasta-tempa ortografia reformo, en 1974, forigis literon z. La capitro pri Greklando en la kolekto de Vik0r sendube fontas el komparo inter tiu lando kaj Norvegujo, car en ambaù luktas inter si du konfliktaj lingvonormoj, sed gi estas neoriginala kaj ec rekte erariga, car nelastatempa. La libro finigas per apelacio al la lingva liberigo de la popolo kaj al la uzo de lingvopolitiko serve al la popolo, ne inverse. La sola dana socilingvistika studo ci-tie recenzata realigis ekster Danlando, en la poli-tike germana vilago Achtrup (dane : Agtrup), kie oni parolas kvin lingvoformojn - la norm-germanan, la malaltgermanan (platdican), norm-danan, sudjutlandan (danan dia-lckton) kaj frisan. La socilingvistika esploro laûdire bazigas sur centprocente plena atingo de ciu opa vilagano. Petersen bone csploris la lingvan mempercepton kaj mem-prijugon de la Achtrup-anoj, sed ne sufice sajnas atenti la lingvan intermiksadon kaj eventualajn transirajn stadiojn de la kvin lingvaj normoj. Per nur du sercaj linioj li atestas la antaûan (eu ankoraûan ? ) ekziston de miksa dan-germana lingvoformo, kiu sajnas esti pigino au kreolo frape simila al tiu uzata nun en FRG de la gastlaboristoj au de germanoj, kiuj alparolas ilin. Tiu lingvoformo estas tipologie kaj historié grava kaj méritas enkatalogigon. La bibliografio de Schwarz pri nordlandaj migrado kaj minoritatoj estas dividita laiï-teme. Malgraù kelkaj mankoj kaj ioma neprofesieco en kompilado, ni rekomendas gin. La starigo de kaseta, do nepresa, jurnalo por asiroj en Svedujo signifas, ke venon-ta eldono de la bibliografio devos atenti nepresitan materialon. Ciujare, la lingvaj konsilantaroj de la Nordaj Landoj aperigas komunan raporton, kiu uzas tri lingvojn, danan, norvegan kaj svedan, por raporti ankaù pri lingvoplana agado en Finnlando, Islando, kaj foje Groenlando kaj Feroaj Insuloj. La raportoj entenas jarraporton de ciu konsilantaro, fresajn esplorajn studojn, recenzojn de interesaj libroj, kaj bibliografion de novaj vortaroj kaj vortlistoj. L. Tengstrôm verkis laûdindan, legindan historion de "La latina en Svedujo"; surbaze de tiu historia fono oni pli bone povas prijugi la nunan lingvopolitikon. M. Thalander estas socilingvistika redaktoro simila al Loman, sed pli populara kaj iom pli normiga en sinteno. Li interprétas la verkaron de anglalingvaj socilingvistoj kaj fiksas la svedan terminaron. Lia dua verko pritraktas la svedan lingvouzon en la gaze-taro, per ses capitroj de tiom da kontribuintoj. Resume, ni povas diri, ke la skandinava kulturregiono igis floranta hejmo de esplorado kaj eldonado pri lingvopolitiko, lingvoplanado, socilingvistiko, ktp. Por ekkoni la eldo-natan materialon, indus lerni almenaû legi la skandinavajn lingvojn.
- Published
- 1978
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30. Linguistic Organizations in Scotland
- Author
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Richard E. Wood
- Subjects
Linguistics and Language ,Communication ,Philosophy ,Humanities - Abstract
Lingvaj organizaĵoj en Skotlando Multjare regis kultura, historia, sentimentala sinteno al la naciismo en Skotlando. Tamen lastatempe la naciismo renaskigis en politkaj-ekonomiaj dimensioj. Pro la repolitikigo de la naciisma movado, la lingvaj kaj kulturaj organizaĵoj denove frontas gravan taskon. Ce la Skota Nacia Partio, ekzemple, ne plu estas multe da intereso pri kulturo kaj lingvo, escepte de deklaro, ke post enoficigo gi oficialigos la gaelan, kune kun la angla, en la gaellingvaj regionoj. La cenzo de 1971 montris malgrandan pliigon en la parolantaro de la gaela. Devas tamen terni pri lernintoj de la gaela kiel dua lingvo, car la nordokcidentaj regionoj, kie la gaela estas denaske parolata, daure perdas enlogantojn. Oni devas zorge interpreti la statistikon el la cenzo. Sajnas, ke Glasgovo, kun 11 000 parolantoj de la gaela, estas grava centro de tiu lingvo. Sed ili konsistigas nur 1 p.c. de la tuta urba logantaro, kaj la lingvo tie perdigas. Male, en kelkaj insuloj kiel Lewis, la proporcio de parolantoj de la gaela estas la plej alta el ciuj keltlingvaj regionoj de la tuta Brita Insularo. La gajno de dualingvaj parolantoj de la gaela multe dankigas al la klopodoj de An Comunn Gaidhealach (la Gaela Societo), kiu delonge propagas la gaelan lingvon kaj kulturon. Interne de An Comunn funkcias pure gaellingva nukleo, Clann an Fhraoich ('Infanoj de l'Eriko'). An Comunn havas oficejojn en Glasgovo, Inverness (gaele: Inbhir Nis), centro de eldonado de gaelaj libroj, kaj Stornoway, kie okazas eksperimento pri dulingva edukado. La instruado de la gaela aŭ per ĝi ne estas kontraŭlega sed tre mankas lcrnolibroj. An Comunn, privata organizo, ricevas ioman registaran financan subtenon. La cefa jara okazaĵo de An Comunn estas la nacia gaela kulturfestivalo Mod. Tiu okazas ne nur en gaellingvaj centroj, sed en la anglalingvaj cefaj skotaj urboj kaj lastatempe en frese konstruitaj modelaj urboj kien oni translogigis la enlogintojn de grandurbaj kvartalacoj. La gaela estas malforta en la amasa komunikado. Estas malmulte da radioelsendado kaj nenia televida. La gaela ec ne plu estas plene normigita lingvo. Depost la protest-anta Reformacio la kontaktoj al la antaŭaj irlandaj monaĥejoj - centroj de la kelta kulturo - estis rompitaj. Tamen ekzistas parte normigaj instancoj, ekzemple la radio, la ĉefaj eldonejoj. Oni parolas gaele ĉefe ĉirkaǔ la havenurbo Stornoway. Sed la nuna ole-sercado en la Norda Maro baldaǔ transiros al la norda Atlantiko, kaj Stornoway versajne igos centro de la olea industrio. Jam okazis profundaj sangigoj en la vivo-stilo kaj kulturo de la nordorienta Skotlando, ekzemple en Zetlandaj kaj Orkadiaj Insuloj, antaǔa centro de skandinaviaj kulturo kaj lingvo. En tiu insularo ec ekzistas movado por apartigo disde la cetera Skotlando, kaj aparta legosistemo. Alia asocio, malpli konata, estas la Asocio por Skotaj Literaturaj Studoj. Gi volas konservi la skotajn lingvojn kaj literaturojn: ne nur la gaelan, sed ankau la skotan. La skota au lalansa lingvo aǔ estas tre fora dialekto de la angla, aǔ aparta ĝermana lingvo. Gi ekzistas en diglosia rilato al la angla, kaj neniam ekzistis movado por gia leĝa rekono, kvankam gi posedas rican literaturan tradicion. Tamen lastatempe oni ekpritraktis la problemaron de la lingvaĵo en la edukado kaj la pozicion de skotlingvaj gelernantoj en la anglalingva klascambro. Problemo estas la sinteno de la mezklasaj skotoj al la skota lingvo. Ili malakceptas gin, ili negative re-agas al la klopodoj de skota poetaro sub MacDiarmid renovigi la skotan literaturan lingvon. Do la skota lingvo restas havaĵo de malgranda intelektularo kaj de sia cefe kam-para, iom post iom malaperanta parolantaro. La meza klaso parolas dialektojn kiuj varias inter urba skota kaj iom skote akcentita angla. La aristokrataro dume estas plene angligita pro edukado en anglaj privataj altklasaj lernejoj. Oni povas kompari la sin-tenon de la skotoj al la lalansa movado kun simila neakcepta sinteno de la irlandanoj al la oficiala kampanjo de revivigo de la irlanda. Alia organizaĵo estas la Societo por Skota Lingvo, kiu gis 1975 nomigis Lalansa Societo. Gi sangis sian titolon car la vorto lalansa ne estas sufice konata, kaj krome aludas nur al parto de Skotlando - la malaltaĵo (Lowlands). Estas interese kompari la skotan kun la nigra angla - ambaǔkaze la parolantoj, aparte la gelernantoj en klascambro, parolas lingvaĵon kiu au estas nenorma dialekto de la angla au, male, propra lingvo kun siaj propraj gramatiko, historio, ktp. laǔ la interprete Pro tio la Societo por Skota Lingvo sugestis ekzamenon pri la skota lingvo por ciuj gelernantoj, kiel en Usono oni proponis ekzamenon en la nigrula angla, ekzemple por instruistoj kiuj frontas gelernantojn kies lingvo tiu estas. Krome ekzistas la Skotlanda Lingvistika Enketinstituto, kiu reprezentas la tradician metodaron de geografia dialektologio. Pro la malforteco de la socia dialektologio en Skotlando, gis nun ne okazis tia kverelo inter la geografiaj kaj socilingvistikaj dialekto-logoj, kiel en Usono. Ekzistas ankau kelkaj revuoj kiuj eldonas en la skota kaj gaela. La Skota Nacia Vortaro (pri la skota lingvo) ekzistas, sed pro sia grandeco kaj multe-kosto ne estas disvastigita. Oni proponis la eldonon de posforma vortaro nur de nunaj vortoj tutlande uzataj. Estus paradokse, se Skotlando revivigus politike, sed ne kulture.
- Published
- 1977
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31. Reviews
- Author
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Margaret M. Bryant, Edward G. Fichtner, and Richard E. Wood
- Subjects
Linguistics and Language ,Language and Linguistics - Published
- 1981
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Current Sociolinguistics in Latin America
- Author
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Richard E. Wood
- Subjects
Cultural Studies ,History ,Multidisciplinary ,Sociology and Political Science ,Literature and Literary Theory ,General Arts and Humanities ,Anthropology ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Political Science and International Relations ,Development ,General Economics, Econometrics and Finance - Published
- 1981
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33. Language Choice in Transnational Radio Broadcasting
- Author
-
Richard E. Wood
- Subjects
International relations ,Linguistics and Language ,Politics ,Language choice ,business.industry ,Communication ,Political science ,Social change ,Public relations ,business ,Radio broadcasting ,Cultural competence ,Language and Linguistics - Published
- 1979
- Full Text
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34. Reviews
- Author
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Margaret M. Bryant and Richard E. Wood
- Subjects
Linguistics and Language ,Language and Linguistics - Published
- 1980
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
35. Afrikaans: Dit is ons ems
- Author
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Richard E. Wood
- Subjects
Linguistics and Language ,Communication - Abstract
En 1975 oni festis la centjaran datrevenon de la unua afrikanslingva asocio, la kvindek-jaran kunoficialecon de la afrikansa, kaj la inauguron de monumento al la lingvo. Estis jaro de lingvofesto, la unua tia jaro depost 1959, kiam oni festis la kvindekjar-igon de la Akademio. En tiu jaro disponigis jam la baza stoko da tehnikaj vortaroj. Poste venis stadio de maturigo, de elprovo kaj ampleksigo. La prezidanto de la atom-energia konsilantaro de Sudafriko, Roux, resumas tiun epokon kaj klarvide perceptas novan epokon de malfacilo por la afrikansa - nur jaron post la apero de la referajo eksplodis nigra protesto kontrau la deviga instruado pere de la afrikansa, kaj ce blanka poeto audigis priploro pri la perdo de la afrikansa favore al la angla, tra interstupo de intermiksigo. Per frapaj, trafaj ekzemploj Roux montras la avantagojn de planita lingvo. La afrikansa, per planado de fakuloj, povas krei science valorajn distingojn, kiuj ne ekzistas, ekzemple, en la angla. Gi forigas tradiciajn erarojn kaj misperceptojn, kiuj trovigas en la anlga. Tial gi permesas al la afrikanslingvuloj pensi kaj percepti en sia propra lingvo en la plej disvolviginta fako de la fizika scienco. En la artikolo de Roux parolas aktiva praktikanto de la lingvoplanado. La referajo de C.v.d.M. Brink statistike esploras la uzadon de la du oficialaj lingvoj en diversaj fakrevuoj kaj universitataj tekstoj. La afrikansa estas majoritata en agrikul-turo kaj psikologio. Inter la natursciencoj gi plej prosperas en la fiziko Unu grava artikolo, de E. Raidt, pritraktas la akre debatitan demandon pri la german-eco au kreoleco de la afrikansa. Sed pli taugus recenzi gin en iu lingvistika revuo. Fine, E.P. Groenewald montras la disvolvigon de la afrikansa kiel perilo de la biblio. La unua norma eldono de la biblio estas el 1933 sed jam parte eksmoda. Li ofertas specimenon de pli moderna traduko. Konklude, la Akademio per ci tiu kolekto pruvas la aserton, ke (lau la titolo) la afrikansa estas por gi serioza afero. Nun, gi devas subteni socilingvistikan esploron de la fakta lingvokonduto en multlingva lando.
- Published
- 1977
- Full Text
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36. Lang, Ranier, A Plea for Language Planning in Papua New Guinea
- Author
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Richard E. Wood
- Subjects
Linguistics and Language ,Language planning ,Communication ,Philosophy ,New guinea ,Humanities - Abstract
Papuo-Novgvineo estas lingve la plej komplika lando de la mondo. Tamen, kontraste kun la ceteraj landoj de la Tria Mondo, tute mankas nacia lingvo-politiko. Lang pledas por nacia lingvo-planado. La angla estas la oficiala lingvo, kaj Tok Pisin (eks-pigin-angla) kaj Hiri Motu (parte kreoliginta formo de unu etna lingvo, disvastigita en la nacia polico) estas la naciaj lingvoj. Estas multaj etnaj lingvoj, el kiuj multaj jam cedis al la tri cefaj. La koloniismo alportis la socilingvistikajn sangojn, kiuj estigis tiujn tri. Oni nun pritraktas la anglan kiel tute necesan al la ekonomia modernigo kaj progreso, sed cu vere? Cu okcidehta lingvo estas vere necesa al la modernigo? La japanoj, la tajoj, la irananoj ne tiel pensas, kaj la kresko de la svahilia en la Orienta Afriko montras, ke ec en antauaj britaj kolonioj, la angla ne devas resti. La uzo de la angla en Papuo-Novgvineo igas ceremonia, sajna afero. Oni uzas gin sen kompreni gin. Jugistoj, ekzemple, administras legojn per anglaj vortoj, kiujn ili mem ne komprenas, kaj la popolo suferas. La angla en Papuo-Novgvineo estas ne plu toler-inda lukso. La lingvo Tok Pisin enpenetras la antauan Papuon, kie antaue regis la Hiri Motu. Sed samtempe gi disigas. Antaùe sendependa lingvo, kun propraj reguloj kontrastaj al la anglaj, gi nun pli-malpli igas nenorma dialekto de la angla. Samtempe la angla pli kaj pli disigas de la europa normo, kiun retenis la eksterlandanoj (aûstralianoj) dum la kolonia epoko. Cu la lingvo Tok Pisin, do, estas kaj restos taûga lingva perilo de la nacia idento? Eble pro tio, la parolantoj de la pli tipe melanezia Hiri Motu dubas. La recenzatan raporton verkis eksterlandano, germano. La insulo ja estis germana kolonio. Lia referajo estas percepta, spite de la manko de atento al la problemo de la disigo de la Tok Pisin. Papuo-Novgvineo, kiel parto de la Tria Mondo, povas kaj lerni de kaj instrui al tiu mondo. Urgas lingvaj decidoj en tiu lingve plej komplika lando.
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- 1978
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37. A Social History of English
- Author
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Richard E. Wood
- Subjects
Linguistics and Language ,Modern English ,History ,Sociology and Political Science ,Social Psychology ,Anthropology ,English studies ,Language and Linguistics ,language.human_language ,Education ,Political history ,language ,Social history ,Ethnic history ,Early Modern English - Published
- 1985
- Full Text
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38. Les Pays-Bas français. Annuaire Les Pays-Bas français. Annuaire . 1976, 1977. De Franse Nederlanden. Jaarboek . 1976, 1977. Rekkem, Belgium: Stichting Ons Erfdel vzw, 1976, 1977. 256 pp. each., ill., maps. 600 BF, 65 FF each, paper
- Author
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Richard E. Wood
- Subjects
Cultural Studies ,History ,Anthropology - Published
- 1978
- Full Text
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39. New light on the origins of Papiamentu: An eighteenth-century letter
- Author
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Richard E. Wood
- Subjects
Literature ,Linguistics and Language ,History ,Literature and Literary Theory ,business.industry ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Creole language ,Polyglot ,Phonology ,language.human_language ,Linguistics ,language ,Historical linguistics ,Portuguese ,Epithet ,business ,Comparative linguistics ,Period (music) ,media_common - Abstract
1. Papiamentu demonstrates, over a period of 200 years, a stability and unity noteworthy not only among creole languages, but in absolute terms, fully justifying Lenz's epithet of “un idioma fijo”. 2. It shows, throughout this period, a significantly constant ratio of Castilian and Portuguese elements in basic vocabulary, phonology, morphology and syntax, insofar as distinct derivations from one or the other Iberian language may be identified. 3. The hypothesis of an earlier strongly Portuguese Papiamentu with subsequent radical Hispanization, especially in the phonology, is unproven. 4. The derivation of Papiamentu from a former pan-Caribbean Spanish-affiliated creole itself showing a Portuguese substratum is the only reasonable explanation of the presence in Papiamentu, from the time of the earliest records, of specifically Castilian integral elements alongside the Portuguese. In this light, then, we way understand and largely endorse the classic observation by the polyglot Schabel (1704) that the language of Curacao is “broken Spanish”.
- Published
- 1972
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40. Metabolic comparison of a new pulsatile pump and a roller pump for cardiopulmonary bypass
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Richard E. Wood, J. Kent Trinkle, Norman E. Helton, and Lester R. Bryant
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,Pulsatile flow ,Peristaltic pump ,law.invention ,law ,Internal medicine ,Cardiopulmonary bypass ,Cardiology ,Medicine ,Surgery ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business - Published
- 1969
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41. Thoracic Outlet Syndrome Masquerading as Coronary Artery Disease (Pseudoangina)
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Nicoll F. Galbraith, Harold C. Urschel, Rolando M. Solis, Richard E Wood, Maruf A. Razzuk, Donald L. Paulson, James L. Matson, and John W. Hyland
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Thoracic outlet ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Neural Conduction ,Coronary Disease ,Chest pain ,Angina Pectoris ,Diagnosis, Differential ,Angina ,Coronary artery disease ,Electrocardiography ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Humans ,cardiovascular diseases ,Coronary Artery Bypass ,Ulnar Nerve ,Aged ,Thoracic outlet syndrome ,Rib cage ,Referred pain ,Electromyography ,business.industry ,Angiography ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Surgery ,Thoracic Outlet Syndrome ,Exercise Test ,cardiovascular system ,Cardiology ,Female ,medicine.symptom ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Brachial plexus - Abstract
Forty-four patients presenting with chest pain suggesting coronary artery disease had normal exercise stress tests and selective coronary angiography and subsequently were found to have an unsuspected thoracic outlet syndrome. Thirteen additional patients had both significant coronary artery disease and thoracic outlet syndrome. Esophageal and pulmonary disease were ruled out and the diagnosis of brachial plexus compression in the thoracic outlet established by a reduction of the ulnar nerve conduction velocity (UNCV) below normal, the normal value being 72 meters per second. Clinical improvement from thoracic outlet compression resulted either from physical therapy if the UNCV's were above 55 m./sec, or from transaxillary surgical extirpation of the first rib if the UNCV's were below 55 m./sec. Thirteen patients with coronary artery disease and thoracic outlet syndrome required therapy for both problems before improvement ensued. Although the usual symptomatology for thoracic outlet syndrome involves pain and paresthesias of the shoulder, arm, and hand, the chest wall is frequently involved. If the chest pain is predominant with minimal shoulder-hand symptoms, the diagnosis is not suggested clinically and can only be established by the high index of suspicion, positive UNCV reduction, and a normal coronary angiogram. Pathways of pain in angina pectoris and afferent stimuli originating from brachial plexus compression at the thoracic outlet stimulate the same autonomic and somatic spinal centers that induce referred pain to the chest wall and arm.
- Published
- 1973
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. The South and Reunion, 1898
- Author
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Richard E. Wood
- Subjects
History - Published
- 1969
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Fracture of first rib associated with laceration of subclavian artery
- Author
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Harold C. Urschel, Maruf A. Razzuk, Nicoll F. Galbraith, Donald L. Paulson, and Richard E Wood
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Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Rib cage ,business.industry ,Radiography ,MEDLINE ,Surgery ,medicine.artery ,Fracture (geology) ,Medicine ,Radiology ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business ,Subclavian artery - Published
- 1973
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. An Improved Surgical Technique for the Complicated Hiatal Hernia with Gastroesophageal Reflux
- Author
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Harold C. Urschel, Maruf A. Razzuk, Nicoll F. Galbraith, Donald L. Paulson, and Richard E. Wood
- Subjects
Adult ,Male ,Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,Hiatal hernia ,Recurrence ,Methods ,Humans ,Medicine ,In patient ,Hernia ,Esophagus ,Aged ,Hernia, Diaphragmatic ,business.industry ,Stomach ,Suture Techniques ,Reflux ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Dilatation ,Curvatures of the stomach ,digestive system diseases ,Surgery ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Gastroesophageal Reflux ,Female ,Collis gastroplasty ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,business - Abstract
Although so-called valve reconstruction procedures at the gastroesophageal junction provide marked relief for most patients with gastroesophageal reflux and hiatal hernia, there is a recurrence rate of 10 to 15%. Many of the recurrences are in patients with obesity, severe pulmonary disease, or stricture, or in patients who have developed a recurrence from other previous types of surgical therapy. Since the primary cause of failure in hiatal hernia repair is tension on the distal esophagus, which is created as a result of securing an adequate length of intraabdominal esophagus, the Collis gastroplasty, which lengthens the esophagus by construction of a tube of the lesser curvature of the stomach, combined with a Belsey reconstruction of the gastroesophageal angle and dilation in cases of stricture, has been successfully employed over the past three years in patients with factors that predispose to recurrence. This technique provides adequate length without tension, and in more than 39 such patients there has been no evidence of reflux or recurrence of hernia by clinical symptoms or cine esophagogram. No mortality or significant morbidity has been observed.
- Published
- 1973
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Traumatic Avulsion of the Innominate Artery from the Aorta
- Author
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James B. Holloway, Gordon K. Danielson, and Richard E. Wood
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Aorta ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Aortography ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,business.industry ,Extracorporeal circulation ,law.invention ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Blood vessel prosthesis ,law ,medicine.artery ,Internal medicine ,medicine ,Cardiopulmonary bypass ,Cardiology ,Thoracic aorta ,Surgery ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Aortic rupture ,business ,Artery - Published
- 1968
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Le Choc des langues au Québec 1760-1970, Guy Bouthillier et Jean Meynaud
- Author
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Richard E. Wood
- Subjects
Linguistics and Language ,Communication - Abstract
En originale konceptita kolekto, la kompilintoj represas dokumentojn, ofte nebone konatajn, ec de aùtoroj kies biografioj estas netroveblaj. Ne temas pri verkoj por fakuloj, aparté ne por lingvistoj. En la epoko de verkado, la lingvistiko kaj aparté la socilingvistiko kaj politika lingvistiko ne ekzistis. La aùtoroj sekvas la lingvan problemon en Kebeko de 1760, post la brita venko, gis 1970, kiam la problemo daure restis nesolvita. La plimulto de la libro konsistas el la dokumentoj - eseoj, raportoj, oratorajoj, poemoj ktp., cefe de franc-kanadanoj sed foje de anglalingvanoj au francoj. Enkonduko kutime donas biografion. Entute la libro provizas kulturhistorion de Kebeko kun atento al la nacia, kultura kaj lingva idento. Enkonduko diskutas la demandojn en socilingvistika kaj politik-lingvistika perspektivo. Gi parte diskutas la dokumentojn, sed parte générale esprimas la poiitikan filozofion de la verkintoj. La aùtoroj koncentrigas al Kebeko. La antaua espcro radii el Kebeko la francan civilizon kaj kulturon al la tuta Ameriko montrigis donkifiota, kaj la franclingvaj usonanoj nepre estos asimilitaj. Kebeko povos helpi la franclingvajn kanadanojn ekster Kebeko nur igante nacia hejmo de ciuj franc-kanadanoj (kp. la vortojn de la Balfour-deklaracio). La lingva konduto igis temo de aktiva soci-scienca esploro nur lastatempe. Giajn cltrovojn oni raportas interalie en LMLP. Forpasis la epoko de sprita, engagita verkado pri kclkaj aspektoj de la temaro. Do ci tiu cefverko longe retenos sian dokumentan valoron.
- Published
- 1977
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Saulson, Scott B. lnstitutionalized Language Planning. Documents and Analysis of the Revival of Hebrew. (Contributions to the Sociology of Language. 23.) The Hague, Paris. New York: Mouton. 1979
- Author
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Richard E. Wood
- Subjects
Linguistics and Language ,Sociology of language ,Hebrew ,Language planning ,language ,Sociology ,language.human_language ,Classics ,Education - Published
- 1981
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. A VOLUNTARY NON-ETHNIC, NON-TERRITORIAL SPEECH COMMUNITY
- Author
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Richard E. Wood
- Subjects
Turnover ,Ethnic group ,Sociology ,Social psychology ,Speech community - Published
- 1979
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Improved management of esophageal perforation: exclusion and diversion in continuity
- Author
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Maruf A. Razzuk, Harold C. Urschel, Richard E. Wood, Maurice Pockey, Nlcoll Galbraith, and Donald L. Paulson
- Subjects
Gastrostomy ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Parenteral Nutrition ,Esophageal Perforation ,business.industry ,Perforation (oil well) ,Texas ,Surgery ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Esophagoplasty ,medicine ,Gastroesophageal Reflux ,Methods ,Drainage ,Esophagitis ,Humans ,Female ,business ,Ligation ,Research Article ,Aged - Published
- 1974
50. Reoperation for recurrent thoracic outlet syndrome
- Author
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Harold C. Urschel, John E. Albers, Richard E. Wood, Donald L. Paulson, and Maruf A. Razzuk
- Subjects
Pulmonary and Respiratory Medicine ,Adult ,Male ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Time Factors ,Neural Conduction ,Recurrence ,medicine ,Methods ,Humans ,Brachial Plexus ,Cervical Rib Syndrome ,Neurolysis ,Thoracic outlet syndrome ,Aged ,Plexus ,Periosteum ,Rib cage ,business.industry ,Middle Aged ,medicine.disease ,Rib resection ,Surgery ,Thoracic Outlet Syndrome ,medicine.anatomical_structure ,Female ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Nerve conduction ,business ,Follow-Up Studies - Abstract
Recurrent thoracic outlet syndrome that requires reoperation accounts for 1% of first rib resections. Symptoms in a series of 30 patients were mainly neurological and consisted of pain and paresthesia involving the neck, shoulder, arm, and hand and were severe and unrelenting. Recurrence of symptoms ensued from one month to seven years following initial rib resection, with the majority appearing within the first three months. Nerve conduction velocities were diminished to an average of 51 m per second, well below the normal of 72 m per second. Reoperation was required after a period of extensive physiotherapy and muscle relaxants. The high posterior thoracoplasty approach is recommended for all reoperations, as it gives better exposure to achieve safe neurolysis of the plexus and complete excision of the regenerated periosteum and posterior rib remnant, which were present in almost all patients. Results of reoperation were gratifying, and postoperative nerve conduction velocities were improved to an average of 66 m per second.
- Published
- 1976
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