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5. The next frontier of acute care general surgery: fellowship training

Author

Engels, Paul T., Lee, Jennie, Rice, Timothy R., Nenshi, Rahima, Ball, Chad G., Hameed, Morad, Widder, Sandy, Minor, Samuel, Ahmed, Najma, Parry, Neil, and Vogt, Kelly

Subjects
Patients -- Care and treatment, Medical care -- Quality management, Surgery -- Complications and side effects -- Patient outcomes, Health, Health care industry
Abstract

SUMMARY Acute care surgery (ACS) is an area of surgical specialization within general surgery and a model for clinical care delivery that has proliferated over the last 2 decades. Models [...]

Published
2023
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6. Second Generation Antipsychotic-Induced Weight Gain in Youth with Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Brief Review of Mechanisms, Monitoring Practices, and Indicated Treatments

Author

Goltz, Jeffrey, Ivanov, Iliyan, and Rice, Timothy R.

Abstract

The purpose of this review was to understand the impact of second generation antipsychotic (SGA)-induced weight gain on youth with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), including the clinical evidence, mechanisms, monitoring guidelines, and treatments. To achieve this, multiple MEDLINE/PUBMED and Google database searches were performed and analyzed articles from January 2001 to April 2018. Existing evidences indicates youth with ASDs may be more prone to SGA-induced weight gain than youth with other psychiatric illnesses. The mechanism by which such weight gain occurs is unclear, but is likely multifactorial. Guidelines have been developed to monitor SGA-induced weight gain, though the existing guidelines have had limited adherence by clinicians. The available randomized control trials that have analyzed the benefit of metformin in youth suffering from SGA-induced weight gain have produced conflicting results, but the data looking specifically at youth with ASD have been positive. Increasing data on use of topiramate, melatonin, and zonisamide to treat SGA-induced weight gain in youth also exists and warrants further study. However, overall, the current understanding of the effect of SGA-induced weight gain on youth with ASD and the therapeutic use of medications like metformin is limited, but the existing literature provides useful guidelines for future research. The clinical algorithms for monitoring and managing SGA-induced weight gain have shown promise; however, their utility in routine clinical practice requires further investigation.

Published
2021
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16. The Student-Run Clinic: A New Opportunity for Psychiatric Education

Author

Schweitzer, Pernilla J. and Rice, Timothy R.

Abstract

Objective: Student-run clinics are increasingly common in medical schools across the United States and may provide new opportunities for psychiatric education. This study investigates the educational impact of a novel behavioral health program focused on depressive disorders at a student-run clinic. Method: The program was assessed through chart review and student self-report questionnaire. Results: The rates at which students were able to diagnose and offer treatment for major depressive disorder doubled after implementation of the behavioral health program. Of the students who completed the questionnaire (N=63), nearly all (98%) agreed that their clinic experience was a valuable supplement to their psychiatric education, and 83% agreed that it taught them a skill or attitude their formal curriculum could not have. Conclusion: This study adds to the growing literature on student-run clinics as unique contributors to medical training by demonstrating benefits specific to psychiatric education. (Contains 1 figure.)

Published
2012
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28. Mental health of the male adolescent and young man: the Copenhagen statement

Author

Rice, Timothy R, Shah, Lesha D, Trelles, Pilar, Lin, Shih-Ku, Christensen, Dinne Skjærlund, Walther, Andreas, Sher, Leo, University of Zurich, and Rice, Timothy R

Subjects
10093 Institute of Psychology, 2735 Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Perinatology and Child Health, 150 Psychology, Pediatrics
Published
2018

31. Systematic Review of Electronic Cigarette Use (Vaping) and Mental Health Comorbidity Among Adolescents and Young Adults.

Author

Becker, Timothy D, Arnold, Melanie K, Ro, Vicky, Martin, Lily, and Rice, Timothy R

Subjects
YOUNG adults, ELECTRONIC cigarettes, MENTAL health, TEENAGERS, COMORBIDITY
Abstract

Introduction: The prevalence of electronic cigarette (EC) use has risen dramatically among adolescents and young adults (AYA, ages 12-26) over the past decade. Despite extensive established relationships between combustible cigarette use and mental health problems, the mental health comorbidities of EC use remain unclear.Aims and Methods: To provide a systematic review of existing literature on mental health comorbidities of EC use among AYA. Database searches using search terms related to EC, AYA, and mental health identified 1168 unique articles, 87 of which prompted full-text screening. Multiple authors extracted data, applied the Effective Public Health Practice Project Quality Assessment Tool to evaluate the evidence, and synthesized findings.Results: Forty articles met eligibility criteria (n = 24 predominantly adolescent and 16 predominantly young adult). Analyses yielded three main categories of focus: internalizing disorders (including depression, anxiety, suicidality, eating disorders, post-traumatic stress disorder), externalizing disorders (attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder and conduct disorder), and transdiagnostic concepts (impulsivity and perceived stress). Significant methodological limitations were noted.Conclusions: Youth EC use is associated with greater mental health problems (compared with nonuse) across several domains, particularly among adolescents. Because many existing studies are cross-sectional, directionality remains uncertain. Well-designed longitudinal studies to investigate long-term mental health sequelae of EC use remain needed.Implications: Forty recent studies demonstrate a variety of mental health comorbidities with AYA EC use, particularly among adolescents. Mental health comorbidities of EC use generally parallel those of combustible cigarette use, with a few exceptions. Future EC prevention and treatment strategies may be enhanced by addressing mental health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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32. Bipolar Spectrum Disorders in Male Youth: The Interplay between Symptom Severity, Inflammation, Steroid Secretion, and Body Composition

Author

Frontiers Research Foundation, Walther, Andreas, Penz, Marlene, Ijacic, Daniela, Rice, Timothy R., Frontiers Research Foundation, Walther, Andreas, Penz, Marlene, Ijacic, Daniela, and Rice, Timothy R.

Abstract

The morbidity and societal burden of youth bipolar spectrum disorders (BSD) are high. These disorders are multisystemic in that adult populations there are clear interactions with inflammatory processes and steroidal physiological systems. There are much less data concerning these areas of study in youth populations with BSD. This is surprising given the association of youth-onset BSD with puberty and its associated physiological changes. In this mini-review, we overview the theoretical role of inflammatory processes and steroidal physiological systems in youth BSD, describe the greater literature in adult populations, detail the literature in youth populations when available, and overview current proposed molecular mechanistic pathways and interaction effects based on the available data. We also attend to the interplay of this complex system with body composition and weight gain, an especially important consideration in relation to the role of second generation antipsychotics as the first line treatment for youth with BSD in major clinical guidelines. A developmental model of early onset BSD for boys is hypothesized with pubertal hormonal changes increasing risk for first (hypo-)manic/depressive episode. The dramatic androgen rise during puberty might be relevant for first onset of BSD in boys. A shift from general hypercortisolism driven by glucocorticoid resistance to hypocortisolism with further disease progression is assumed, while increased levels of inflammation are functionally associated with endocrine dysregulation. The interacting role of overweight body habitus and obesity in youth with BSD further indicates leptin resistance to be a central moderator of the dynamic neurobiology of BSD in youth. The intent of this mini-review is to advance our knowledge of youth BSD as multisystemic disorders with important contributions from endocrinology and immunology based on a developmental perspective. This knowledge can influence current clinical care and more imp

Published
2018

34. Bipolar Spectrum Disorders in Male Youth: The Interplay between Symptom Severity, Inflammation, Steroid Secretion, and Body Composition

Author

Walther, Andreas, Penz, Marlene, Ijacic, Daniela, Rice, Timothy R, University of Zurich, and Walther, Andreas

Subjects
Psychiatry, youth, obesity, longitudinal monitoring, steroid hormones, 10093 Institute of Psychology, Mini Review, second-generation antipsychotics, pro-inflammatory cytokines, big data, bipolar spectrum disorders, longitudinal monitoring, obesity, pro-inflammatory cytokines, second-generation antipsychotics, steroid hormones, youth, TU Dresden, Publishing Fund, 2738 Psychiatry and Mental Health, Psychiatry and Mental health, big data, Big Data, bipolare Spektrumsstörungen, longitudinales Monitoring, Adipositas, proinflammatorische Zytokine, Antipsychotika der zweiten Generation, Steroidhormone, Jugend, TU Dresden, Publikationsfond, bipolar spectrum disorders, ddc:610, 150 Psychology
Abstract

The morbidity and societal burden of youth bipolar spectrum disorders (BSD) are high. These disorders are multisystemic in that adult populations there are clear interactions with inflammatory processes and steroidal physiological systems. There are much less data concerning these areas of study in youth populations with BSD. This is surprising given the association of youth-onset BSD with puberty and its associated physiological changes. In this mini-review, we overview the theoretical role of inflammatory processes and steroidal physiological systems in youth BSD, describe the greater literature in adult populations, detail the literature in youth populations when available, and overview current proposed molecular mechanistic pathways and interaction effects based on the available data. We also attend to the interplay of this complex system with body composition and weight gain, an especially important consideration in relation to the role of second generation antipsychotics as the first line treatment for youth with BSD in major clinical guidelines. A developmental model of early onset BSD for boys is hypothesized with pubertal hormonal changes increasing risk for first (hypo-)manic/depressive episode. The dramatic androgen rise during puberty might be relevant for first onset of BSD in boys. A shift from general hypercortisolism driven by glucocorticoid resistance to hypocortisolism with further disease progression is assumed, while increased levels of inflammation are functionally associated with endocrine dysregulation. The interacting role of overweight body habitus and obesity in youth with BSD further indicates leptin resistance to be a central moderator of the dynamic neurobiology of BSD in youth. The intent of this mini-review is to advance our knowledge of youth BSD as multisystemic disorders with important contributions from endocrinology and immunology based on a developmental perspective. This knowledge can influence current clinical care and more importantly inform future research.

Published
2017

36. Bipolar Spectrum Disorders in Male Youth: The Interplay between Symptom Severity, Inflammation, Steroid Secretion, and Body Composition

Author

Walther, Andreas; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4516-1783, Penz, Marlene; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9436-7190, Ijacic, Daniela, Rice, Timothy R, Walther, Andreas; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4516-1783, Penz, Marlene; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9436-7190, Ijacic, Daniela, and Rice, Timothy R

Abstract

The morbidity and societal burden of youth bipolar spectrum disorders (BSD) are high. These disorders are multisystemic in that adult populations there are clear interactions with inflammatory processes and steroidal physiological systems. There are much less data concerning these areas of study in youth populations with BSD. This is surprising given the association of youth-onset BSD with puberty and its associated physiological changes. In this mini-review, we overview the theoretical role of inflammatory processes and steroidal physiological systems in youth BSD, describe the greater literature in adult populations, detail the literature in youth populations when available, and overview current proposed molecular mechanistic pathways and interaction effects based on the available data. We also attend to the interplay of this complex system with body composition and weight gain, an especially important consideration in relation to the role of second generation antipsychotics as the first line treatment for youth with BSD in major clinical guidelines. A developmental model of early onset BSD for boys is hypothesized with pubertal hormonal changes increasing risk for first (hypo-)manic/depressive episode. The dramatic androgen rise during puberty might be relevant for first onset of BSD in boys. A shift from general hypercortisolism driven by glucocorticoid resistance to hypocortisolism with further disease progression is assumed, while increased levels of inflammation are functionally associated with endocrine dysregulation. The interacting role of overweight body habitus and obesity in youth with BSD further indicates leptin resistance to be a central moderator of the dynamic neurobiology of BSD in youth. The intent of this mini-review is to advance our knowledge of youth BSD as multisystemic disorders with important contributions from endocrinology and immunology based on a developmental perspective. This knowledge can influence current clinical care and more imp

Published
2017

37. Neurobiology of Men's Mental Health

Author

Rice, Timothy R., Sher, Leo, Rice, Timothy R., and Sher, Leo

Subjects
Mental health, Sex factors in disease, Neurobiology, Men--Mental health, Men--Psychology
Abstract

This book offers a developmental neuroendocrinologically-oriented perspective in the area of specialized psychiatric care for men termed'Men's Mental Health.'This book collates the contributions of over 40 authors in the field of men's mental health throughout 24 chapters in an attempt to overview the emerging developments in this field. Developmental neurobiology serves as the central organizational factor for this four-sectioned book. In the first section, the developmental neurobiological perspective is introduced and considerations specific to men's mental health in infants, toddlers, children, and adolescents are discussed. In the second section, the relevance of men's mental health to informed suicide and homicide prevention among men are presented. The third section reviews major mental illness in men, while the last section provides an overview of the intersection of men's mental health with general medical conditions and the future directions for the field. This collection gathers the latest writings from authors around the world in this field and will be of value for clinicians and researchers interested in an increasingly-popular approach to providing neurobiologically-tailored care for men.

Published
2015

43. Transgender and gender-nonconforming youth deserve further study in relation to adverse childhood experiences.

Author

Kroppman, Christopher, Kim, Susan, Zaidi, Arifa, Sharma, Harshit, and Rice, Timothy R.

Subjects
ADVERSE childhood experiences, TRANSGENDER youth, GENDER, GENDER nonconformity, TRANSGENDER people, BISEXUALITY
Abstract

To the Editor: Research shows that lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer (LGBTQ+) individuals experience adverse childhood experiences (ACEs) at far higher rates than heterosexuals (Elze, [3]). While few studies have investigated ACEs in LGBQT + youth, only a rare study has specifically evaluated ACEs in transgender or gender-nonconforming (TGN) youths. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2021
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47. Steroid secretion and psychological well-being in men 40+

Author

Sher, Leo, Rice, Timothy R, Sher, L ( Leo ), Rice, T R ( Timothy R ), Walther, Andreas; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4516-1783, Ehlert, Ulrike; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1982-8321, Sher, Leo, Rice, Timothy R, Sher, L ( Leo ), Rice, T R ( Timothy R ), Walther, Andreas; https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4516-1783, and Ehlert, Ulrike; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1982-8321

Abstract

Current demographic statistics show that modern societies are rapidly aging. Aging in general is accompanied by an increased susceptibility to physical and mental disease as well as an increased risk of mortality. Health care costs are expected to rise enormously. Therefore, successful aging with less disease burden and dependency is emerging as one of the most crucial health care goals of the upcoming decades. Over the last 20 years, research on successful aging in men has increasingly focused on age-related hormonal changes. A gradual reduction in testosterone and dehydroepiandrosterone beginning around die age of 40 has been well documented. At the same age, other steroid hormones including estradiol and Cortisol also show an age-dependent progressive change. These changing patterns of steroid hormone secretion play an essential role for general health and psychological well-being in males over 40. In the following chapter, we will discuss the underlying biological mechanisms of age-related hormonal alterations and elucidate their influence in the context of psychological, sexual, cognitive and physical areas of life in aging men. Considering these widespread consequences due to age-related hormonal changes, we will also discuss the clinical implications for men facing these conditions. Apparent good health or specific lifestyle factors were shown to slow down age-related hormonal changes. Since clinical conditions cannot be prevented for every male by maintaining good health or establishing a healthier lifestyle, hormone replacement represents a reasonable opportunity to overcome certain psychological, sexual, cognitive and physical impairments caused by age-related steroid alterations. Besides individual psychological support for the successful management of severe symptoms of age-related hormonal changes, targeted psychoeducation at a population-based level would, in the long term, be one possibility to inform men about their options and to support them in cou

Published
2015

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